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The Democratic Foundations of the Just City 正义之城的民主基础
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2021-10-02 DOI: 10.1080/02513625.2021.2060583
Oliver Dlabac, R. Zwicky, C. Hoole, E. Chu, Liam O’Farrell
In an international collaboration of planners, geographers and political scientists from the Universities of Birmingham and Zurich in 2017, we set out to explore the implications of the ideal of ‘the just city’ (Fainstein 2010) for evaluating and guiding urban planning and for identifying its democratic underpinnings by means of a comparative study of three cities across Europe. The scene was nicely set, with Fainstein’s principles for planning seeking to defend and further equity, enhance recognition of diversity, as well as encourage citizen participation against a global tendency towards policies that only benefit the interests of global capital. More generally, Fainstein refers to the capabilities approach, putting individuals’ opportunities with regard to life chances at centre stage. Complicating things, however, are the possible tensions between the dimensions of equity, diversity and democratic participation, leading Fainstein to prioritise the substantial dimensions of equity and diversity over the procedural dimension of democracy. In particular, she considers that participatory arrangements do not per se lead to equitable policies (notin-my-backyard attitudes, resistance to social mixing by homeowner associations, etc.), and participatory planning is therefore valued only as far as it contributes to equity and diversity. Her scepticism about the ability of democratic institutions more broadly to adequately represent various minorities and to forge meaningful coalitions (Fainstein 2010: 29, 52) leads her to direct her book at planners rather than politicians, where planners are to use participatory arrangements to press for egalitarian and inclusive solutions (Fainstein 2010: 173, 181). In this paper, we take Fainstein’s observations as a starting point but depart from her approach in two important ways. First, Fainstein’s planning principles seem to be intended primarily for the evaluation of single upcoming development projects and general social policies rather than for the guidance of citywide plans responding to spatial developments at the scale of the city or city region. Locational choices are already taken as a given, while spatially differential outcomes of general policies are not considered. Accordingly, the planning principles give little advice as to where a planning intervention is actually needed. In our approach, therefore, we take a decidedly spatial perspective, where urban planning primarily responds to citywide patterns of ‘spatial injustice’ (Soja 2009: 3), understood as lasting spatial structures of privilege and disadvantage that are being politically and societally produced and reproduced. Secondly, while sympathetic to Fainstein’s view that recognition of diversity does not preclude the existence of rather homogeneous neighbourhoods, we worry that accepting current concentrations of disadvantaged people in many city regions across the world does not serve their recognition but rather undermines their capabilitie
2017年,在伯明翰大学和苏黎世大学的规划师、地理学家和政治学家的国际合作中,我们开始探索“公正城市”理想的含义(费恩斯坦2010),通过对欧洲三个城市的比较研究,评估和指导城市规划,并确定其民主基础。费恩斯坦的规划原则旨在捍卫和促进公平,增强对多样性的认识,并鼓励公民参与,反对只有利于全球资本利益的政策的全球趋势,这一场景已经很好地设置好了。更一般地说,费恩斯坦指的是能力方法,将个人的机会与生活机会放在中心位置。然而,使事情变得复杂的是,平等、多样性和民主参与的维度之间可能存在的紧张关系,这导致费恩斯坦优先考虑平等和多样性的实质性维度,而不是民主的程序维度。她特别认为,参与性安排本身并不能导致公平的政策(不要在我家后院的态度、房主协会对社会混合的抵制等),因此,参与性规划只有在有助于公平和多样化时才有价值。她怀疑民主制度是否有能力更广泛地充分代表各种少数群体,并建立有意义的联盟(Fainstein 2010: 29,52),这使她把她的书指向计划者而不是政治家,计划者应该利用参与性安排来推动平等主义和包容性的解决方案(Fainstein 2010: 173,181)。在本文中,我们以芬斯坦的观察为出发点,但在两个重要方面偏离了她的方法。首先,费恩斯坦的规划原则似乎主要是为了评估单个即将到来的发展项目和一般社会政策,而不是为了指导全市范围内的规划,以应对城市或城市地区的空间发展。区位选择已被视为给定,而一般政策的空间差异结果未被考虑。因此,规划原则对实际需要规划干预的地方给出的建议很少。因此,在我们的方法中,我们采取了明确的空间视角,其中城市规划主要应对全市范围内的“空间不公正”模式(Soja 2009: 3),被理解为政治和社会产生和再生产的特权和劣势的持久空间结构。其次,虽然我们赞同费恩斯坦的观点,即承认多样性并不排除同质社区的存在,但我们担心,接受目前世界上许多城市地区弱势群体的集中,不仅不利于他们得到承认,反而会损害他们获得教育和获得有利社会地位的机会的能力。这就是为什么,在我们实现公正城市的方法中,我们看到城市规划的强大作用,不仅限制进一步的隔离,而且积极地抵消已经存在的空间不公正模式,使我们更接近“公平规划”方法(Krumholz, Forester 1990)在接下来的章节中,我们将总结费恩斯坦的城市规划原则,然后是我们的空间批判和受Soja启发的规划替代框架,然后我们将转向我们对伯明翰,里昂和苏黎世等城市的选定住房和城市更新领域的案例研究的关键见解-这些城市来自不同的规划,住房和地方政府传统。虽然该研究还包括对所有三个城市的主要利益相关者的广泛访谈,但我们在此重点总结了在持续的隔离和排斥进程背景下,当地在城市更新和住房政策方面的努力。我们讨论了伯明翰的住房政策是如何不断复制剥夺的集中,苏黎世对非营利性住房协会的依赖如何限制了其引导社区社会混合的能力,以及法国的制度设置和规划法规如何加强了里昂大都市空间公平的努力。反对苏黎世大学阿劳民主研究中心奥利弗·德拉布克博士
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引用次数: 2
Governança e mediações algorítmicas da plataforma YouTube durante a pandemia de COVID-19 COVID-19大流行期间YouTube平台的治理和算法中介
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.5752/p.2237-9967.2020v9n16p6-26
Gregório de Almeida Fonseca, C. D'Andréa
This article seeks to explore how the governance and algorithmic mediations of the YouTube platform changed during the first months of the COVID-19 pandemic. It aims to understand the policies of moderation, monetization and recommendation of content considered reliable or disinformative. The work focuses on two fronts of analysis: exploring the documents published by YouTube and data on the most relevant "vaccine" videos published before and after the start of the pandemic. Among the results, we highlight an increase in efforts to avoid the publication of disinformative videos and a greater “relevance” attributed to recent videos on the subject of “vaccine”.
本文试图探讨在新冠肺炎大流行的头几个月,YouTube平台的治理和算法调解是如何变化的。它旨在了解被认为可靠或虚假信息的内容的节制、货币化和推荐政策。这项工作侧重于两个方面的分析:探索YouTube发布的文件和疫情开始前后发布的最相关“疫苗”视频的数据。在这些结果中,我们强调了避免发布虚假信息视频的努力的增加,以及最近关于“疫苗”主题的视频带来的更大的“相关性”。
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引用次数: 1
Quando a religião (des)comunica a ciência: o catolicismo brasileiro e a pandemia de Covid-19 当宗教(des)传播科学:巴西天主教和Covid-19大流行
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.5752/p.2237-9967.2020v9n16p188-206
E. Silva, E. S. Silveira
The aim of this article is to analyze the institutional positions of Brazilian Catholicism during the pandemic of the new coronavirus, based on the idea of ​​a “political communication” of science by religion. We will take as analysis material documents from the National Conference of Bishops of Brazil (CNBB), decisions of some (arch) dioceses and, as a counterpoint, the positions of conservative Catholic movements in question to the sanitary and ecclesial recommendations. The qualitative-exploratory hypothesis of the article demonstrates that the moment of the pandemic accentuated, in terms of communicative dissonance, the lines of tension existing in the Catholic Church and, as the pandemic intensified, the institutional march of the Catholic hierarchy in a path opposite to that followed by evangelical leaders, who demonstrated more unrestricted support for measures and communication by the Brazilian government. Thus, it is guided by the following question: has there been, at this moment, an important tension between the hierarchy, committed to science, and the faithful, closer to the current political negativism? The article is based on a qualitative method, focusing on the partial review of bibliographic productions related to the theme and analytical mapping of the main official positions (editorials, speeches, notes, texts) proposed by the mentioned Catholic segments.
本文的目的是分析巴西天主教在新冠病毒大流行期间的制度立场,基于宗教对科学的“政治传播”的想法。我们将分析巴西全国主教会议(CNBB)的材料文件,一些(大主教)教区的决定,以及作为对照,保守天主教运动对卫生和教会建议的立场。文章的定性探索性假设表明,就沟通失调而言,大流行的时刻加剧了天主教会中存在的紧张关系,随着大流行的加剧,天主教等级制度的制度进程与福音派领导人所遵循的道路相反,福音派领导人对巴西政府的措施和沟通表现出更多的无限制支持。因此,它受到以下问题的指导:在这个时刻,在致力于科学的等级制度和更接近当前政治否定主义的信徒之间,是否存在一种重要的紧张关系?本文以定性方法为基础,侧重于对与主题相关的书目作品进行部分审查,并对上述天主教部分提出的主要官方立场(社论,演讲,笔记,文本)进行分析映射。
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引用次数: 1
Jogar verso, bordar memória, cantar poética: a pandemia de Covid-19 e as mulheres do Vale do Jequitinhonha 诗歌演奏、记忆刺绣、诗歌歌唱:Covid-19大流行和杰基蒂洪哈山谷的妇女
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.5752/p.2237-9967.2020v9n16p107-123
Débora Regina Bacega
Este artigo apresenta as narrativas compreendidas nos jogos de versos das bordadeiras e tecelas do Vale do Jequitinhonha durante a pandemia de Covid-19. O objeto teorico compreende as narrativas dessas mulheres. Por sua vez, o objeto empirico sao os jogos de versos. Busca-se entender como essas narrativas corroboram com a memoria oral e cultural dessa comunidade. Aciona-se as reflexoes de Iuri Lotman (1996), Jerusa Ferreira (1995), Paul Thompson (1998), Paul Ricoeur (2007), Herman Parret (1997), Jacques Ranciere (2009), Ângela Marques e Marco Prado (2018). O corpus compreende os conteudos publicados nos canais digitais versinhos.com.br e @rodadeversos. Espera-se demonstrar como as praticas poeticas e esteticas desse grupo de mulheres acionam tambem a partilha da memoria. Palavras-chave: Comunicacao e consumo. Partilha da memoria. Covid-19. Mulheres. Vale do Jequitinhonha.
本文介绍了在Covid-19大流行期间,杰基蒂洪哈山谷的刺绣和屋顶的诗歌游戏中的叙述。理论对象包括这些女性的叙述。反过来,经验对象是诗歌游戏。我们试图理解这些叙述是如何确证这个社区的口头和文化记忆的。它激发了Iuri Lotman (1996), Jerusa Ferreira (1995), Paul Thompson (1998), Paul Ricoeur (2007), Herman Parret (1997), Jacques Ranciere (2009), angela Marques和Marco Prado(2018)的反思。语料库包括在数字渠道versinhos.com.br和@rodadeversos上发布的内容。它希望展示这群女性的诗意和审美实践如何也触发记忆的分享。关键词:传播与消费。共享内存。Covid -19。女人。杰基蒂洪哈山谷。
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引用次数: 0
Pandemia: a veiculação de notícias sobre a covid-19 nos sites de emissoras de rádio da região Celeiro, RS 流行病:在RS塞莱罗地区的广播电台网站上播放有关新冠肺炎的新闻
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.5752/p.2237-9967.2020v9n16p168-187
Lídia Paula Trentin
O estudo aqui apresentado tem o intuito de verificar de que maneira as emissoras de radio Difusora 1350 AM, Provincia 100.7 FM e Querencia 89.7 FM veicularam conteudo jornalistico relativo a doenca Covid-19 em seus sites entre janeiro e marco de 2020. Para fundamentar a pesquisa foram utilizados autores que discutem radiojornalismo e as mudancas que ocorreram com a convergencia tecnologica. A tecnica de pesquisa utilizada foi analise de conteudo, a partir da qual observou-se que a veiculacao de conteudo nos sites se manteve estavel nos tres meses, o que mudou foi a quantidade de noticias sobre o novo coronavirus, uma vez que houve um crescimento significativo na veiculacao de conteudo sobre a Covid-19 no mes de marco em relacao a janeiro e fevereiro.
本研究旨在验证广播电台1350 AM、省100.7 FM和Querencia 89.7 FM在2020年1月至3月期间如何在其网站上播放与Covid-19疾病相关的新闻内容。为了支持这项研究,作者讨论了广播新闻和技术融合所发生的变化。使用的研究方法是分析的内容,从中发现的veiculacao保持稳定的三个月,我们网站上的内容是发生改变的消息关于新coronavirus量,一次有一个增长的支出,还有里面的veiculacao Covid -19在1月和2月对月的里程碑。
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引用次数: 1
100 mil mortes: o saldo negativo da Covid-19 nos telejornais brasileiros
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-12-30 DOI: 10.5752/p.2237-9967.2020v9n16p50-67
Viviane Gonçalves Freitas, É. Baptista
O foco deste artigo esta na cobertura feita por tres importantes telejornais do Brasil - Jornal Nacional, Jornal da Band e Jornal da Record - quando do anuncio das 100 mil mortes em consequencia da Covid-19, marca atingida em 8 de agosto de 2020. Nosso objetivo foi compreender como se deu a disputa politico-discursiva do noticiario, uma vez que a linha editorial de cada veiculo tambem se reflete na agenda encampada por seu principal produto jornalistico. Mais do que abordagens distintas, a analise do corpus possibilitou entender como cada telejornal acionou um tipo de interdiscurso alinhado a seu publico, seja adotando a perspectiva de cobrar as autoridades governamentais pela efetivacao do direito universal a saude, seja mostrando que e possivel encontrar algo positivo na quarentena.
本文的重点是巴西三家重要电视新闻——《国家日报》、《Band日报》和《Record日报》——在宣布2020年8月8日达到的Covid-19造成10万人死亡时的报道。我们的目标是了解新闻的政治话语争议是如何发生的,因为每一种媒体的编辑路线也反映在其主要新闻产品的议程中。除了不同的方法外,对语料库的分析使我们能够理解每一篇电视新闻是如何触发一种与受众一致的话语间的,无论是采取向政府当局收取实现普遍健康权的观点,还是表明在隔离中有可能找到一些积极的东西。
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引用次数: 1
Emancipação política por meio de práticas comunicativas alternativas: Lélia Gonzalez no Jornal “Mulherio” 通过替代交流实践实现政治解放:lelia Gonzalez在《Mulherio》报纸上
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-21 DOI: 10.5752/P.2237-9967.2020V9N15P194-214
Pâmela Guimarães-Silva
This article analyzes the possibilities of political emancipation of black women in the early 1980s through the use of alternative communicative practices, in which they thematized their own condition. To this end, we present an analysis of a clipping of the political performance of the mining activist Lelia Gonzalez, her column in the newspaper Mulherio (1981 - 1988). In this jornal, she was the only black woman to serve on the editorial board and to sign a column. As a methodological resource, we use Fairclough's (1989) notion of discourse and conclude that by becoming a subject of word politics - thematizing the intersected oppressions that black women suffer - Gonzalez promoted a displacement in this context for himself and his peers.
本文分析了20世纪80年代初黑人妇女通过另类交际实践实现政治解放的可能性,她们将自己的处境主体化。为此,我们对矿业活动家莱利亚·冈萨雷斯(Lelia Gonzalez)的政治表现剪报进行了分析,她在Mulherio报纸上的专栏(1981 - 1988)。在这本杂志中,她是唯一一位在编辑部任职并在专栏署名的黑人女性。作为一种方法论资源,我们使用了费尔克劳(1989)的话语概念,并得出结论,通过成为话语政治的主体——将黑人妇女遭受的交叉压迫主题化——冈萨雷斯促进了他自己和他的同龄人在这种背景下的位移。
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引用次数: 0
O Natal de Rita: comédia como ressignificação e dramaturgia do fracasso 丽塔的圣诞节:喜剧作为失败的重新定义和戏剧
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-07-20 DOI: 10.5752/P.2237-9967.2020V9N15P155-173
Diego Hoefel
A partir da analise do telefilme “O Natal de Rita” (Ricardo Alves Jr., 2017), o presente artigo debruca-se sobre as transformacoes e/ou reinvencoes do genero comedia no contexto contemporâneo. A hipotese principal aponta para o fracasso como um conceito central para que se possa compreender essas reinvencoes. Elas operam nao apenas no nivel do conteudo, enquanto ressignificacao do desajuste ou do insucesso, mas tambem formalmente, atraves da construcao de uma estrutura dramaturgica composta por falhas. Essa discussao podera favorecer o entendimento sobre como as transformacoes esteticas da comedia podem fomentar a criacao de novas maneiras de se pensar os fracassos individuais e coletivos, especialmente em periodos de crise.
本文通过对电视电影《O Natal de Rita》(小里卡多·阿尔维斯,2017)的分析,重点探讨了类型喜剧在当代语境中的转型和/或重塑。主要假设指出,失败是理解这些重塑的核心概念。它们不仅在内容层面上运作,作为不匹配或失败的重新含义,而且通过构建一个由失败组成的戏剧结构,在形式上运作。这一讨论可能有助于理解喜剧的审美转变如何促进对个人和集体失败的新思维方式的创造,尤其是在危机时期。
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引用次数: 0
Os ditos, os não-ditos e os modos de dizer a crise pós-Lava-Jato na revista Petrobrás petrobras杂志上关于洗车后危机的言论、未言论和表达方式
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-02-12 DOI: 10.5752/P.2237-9967.2019V8N14P1-17
L. Pinheiro
The implication of Petrobras’ executive officers in differents crimes became public due to Lava Jato [Car Wash] operation. The company known by the slogan “the challenge is our energy” has faced a new communication challenge: what to say, what not to say and how to say to its publics about the crises driven by corruption allegations? The research object is the Petrobras’ discourses about the crisis. The article uses discourse analysis in Petrobras Magazine, from 2014 to 2016, in order to understand what was not said, the statements and the modes of enunciation of the company in such context. It notices that the organization build a nationalist and self-praise discourse through a metonymic projection of its staff, mixing it with the organization itself, demanding its commitment
由于Lava Jato(洗车)行动,巴西国家石油公司高管在不同罪行中的牵连被公之于众。这家以“挑战是我们的能源”为口号的公司面临着新的沟通挑战:对于腐败指控引发的危机,该说什么,不该说什么以及如何对公众说?研究对象是巴西国家石油公司关于危机的论述。本文使用2014年至2016年《巴西国家石油杂志》的话语分析,以了解该公司在这种背景下没有说什么、声明和表达方式。它注意到,该组织通过对其工作人员的转喻投射,将其与组织本身混合,要求其承诺,从而构建了一种民族主义和自我赞扬的话语
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引用次数: 0
Narrativas transmídia e competências midiáticas 跨媒体叙事和媒体技巧
IF 1.3 4区 经济学 Q3 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2020-02-12 DOI: 10.5752/p.2237-9967.2019v8n14p18-35
Vanessa Coutinho Martins, C. Thomé
The new communicational ambience, the result of digital culture, has crossed the production and consumption of literary narratives, which expand to the networks and are (re) created by prosumers (SCOLARI, 2016). This article analyzes the comments on the Periscope broadcasts of the Wizarding World Book Club, a Harry Potter Book Club, created in celebration of the 20th anniversary of the saga's first book release. Using the methodology of Ferres and Piscitelli (2015), the study seeks to understand how prosumers perceive the content by live streaming and consequently, produce messages. The analysis indicates a critical sense in the production of messages by the prosumers and it was concludes that the characteristics within the scope of expression were more frequent than in other aspects analyzed.
数字文化产生的新的传播氛围已经跨越了文学叙事的生产和消费,文学叙事扩展到网络,并由生产消费者(重新)创造(SCOLARI,2016)。这篇文章分析了对巫师世界读书俱乐部Periscope广播的评论,这是一个哈利波特读书俱乐部,为庆祝传奇故事第一本书发行20周年而创建。该研究采用Ferres和Piscitelli(2015)的方法,试图了解生产消费者如何通过直播感知内容,从而产生信息。分析表明,生产消费者在生产信息时具有批判性意义,并得出结论,表达范围内的特征比分析的其他方面更频繁。
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引用次数: 0
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