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Book Review: Made in Censorship: The Tiananmen Movement in Chinese Literature and Film by Thomas Chen 书评:《审查制造:中国文学和电影中的天安门运动》,陈著
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.1177/0920203X231156977b
Bin Xu
dents of Chinese foreign policy and contemporary Chinese studies and related fields. Not only does Phua provide the history of how China has come to create its own political thought through examples such as tianxia (天下, literally ‘all under heaven’), but he also includes examples of how this can be interpreted and used in current international affairs. The chapters of this book are well organized, beginning with examples first, followed by explanations that are useful for practical theorists and policymakers. Phua then brings in his perspectives of understanding China on a cultural level. The author is to be commended for offering a possible positive solution for arguably the world’s greatest threat in present international relations. More importantly, Phua does this in a manner that is comprehensible and accessible to Western political and international scholars. The main aim of Phua’s book is to understand the importance of culture in world international relations and the need to see ‘China as China’.
中国外交政策和当代中国研究及相关领域的学生。普华不仅通过“天下”这样的例子提供了中国如何创造自己的政治思想的历史,而且他还包括了如何在当前国际事务中解释和使用这种思想的例子。这本书的章节组织得很好,首先从例子开始,然后是对实际理论家和政策制定者有用的解释。然后,Phua带来了他从文化层面理解中国的观点。值得赞扬的是,作者为当今国际关系中可以说是世界上最大的威胁提供了一个可能的积极解决办法。更重要的是,普华以一种西方政治和国际学者可以理解和理解的方式做到了这一点。这本书的主要目的是理解文化在世界国际关系中的重要性,以及看到“中国就是中国”的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: China’s Environmental Foreign Relations by Heidi Wang-Kaeding 王凯丁《中国环境外交关系》书评
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.1177/0920203x231156977
José de Arimathéia Cordeiro Custódio, Mara Boccaccio
In late 2022, the 15th Conference of the Parties to the UN Convention on Biological Diversity took place under Chinese presidency. The theme of this conference was ‘Ecological civilization: Building a shared future for all life on earth’. By successfully managing to include the concept ‘ecological civilization’ in the title, China’s negotiators booked a major accomplishment in the conduct of the country’s environmental foreign relations. Heidi Wang-Kaeding’s thin but rich book helps us to understand why, for China’s policymakers, the adoption of the Global Biodiversity Framework as well as the title of the conference were great achievements: China showed global leadership and deployed discursive power. Wang-Kaeding traces the origins of China’s approach to international environmental cooperation and discusses this part of the country’s foreign affairs in the context of its domestic political economy. She explores three main themes shaping China’s role in international environmental governance: treaty implementation, bilateral environmental cooperation, and the quest for international discursive power. Chapters 1 and 2 introduce both the interest groups that influence the country’s approach to international environmental cooperation and the ideological debates that contextualize Chinese environmental policymaking. Chapter 3 covers the treaty-implementation theme, discussing the implementation of two multilateral environmental agreements, that is the Montreal Protocol to reduce emissions of substances that deplete the ozone layer and the Convention on Biological Diversity. Chapter 4 investigates environmental aspects of China’s bilateral relations by studying the execution of Chinese-led projects in Laos. Then, Chapter 5 takes up the ideological thread again and ponders on the concept of ecological civilization, in particular its origins and the various interpretations, which embody both the interest-based approach to environmental affairs and the specific reading that the Chinese leadership wants to convey to both the domestic audience and the so-called global South. Ecological civilization is constructed in congruence with economic interests and exists without the participatory modes of governance in democratic, rule-based societies. Book reviews
2022年末,联合国生物多样性公约第十五次缔约方大会在中国担任主席期间举行。这次会议的主题是“生态文明:构建地球上所有生命的命运共同体”。通过成功地将“生态文明”概念纳入标题,中国谈判代表在开展环境外交关系方面取得了重大成就。Heidi Wang Kaeding的这本薄而丰富的书有助于我们理解为什么对中国的决策者来说,《全球生物多样性框架》的通过以及会议的标题都是伟大的成就:中国展现了全球领导力,并部署了话语权。王追溯了中国国际环境合作的起源,并在国内政治经济的背景下讨论了中国外交事务的这一部分。她探讨了塑造中国在国际环境治理中角色的三个主要主题:条约执行、双边环境合作和寻求国际话语权。第一章和第二章介绍了影响中国国际环境合作方式的利益集团,以及中国环境政策制定的意识形态辩论。第3章涉及条约执行主题,讨论了两项多边环境协定的执行情况,即减少消耗臭氧层物质排放的《蒙特利尔议定书》和《生物多样性公约》。第四章通过研究中国主导的项目在老挝的执行情况,考察了中老关系中的环境问题。然后,第五章再次抓住意识形态的主线,思考生态文明的概念,特别是它的起源和各种解释,这些概念既体现了对环境事务的基于利益的方法,也体现了中国领导层希望向国内观众和所谓的全球南方传达的具体解读。生态文明的构建符合经济利益,在民主、基于规则的社会中没有参与式治理模式。书评
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引用次数: 0
Cybernationalist authoritarianism: Fangirls’ peer production of the virtual celebrity ‘Oppa China’ 网络民族主义威权主义:女粉们对虚拟名人“Oppa China”的同伴制作
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.1177/0920203X231156357
M. Chew
This study has two research objectives. The first is to analyse a case of Chinese ‘cybernationalist authoritarianism’, which I define as the ideological articulation and practical conjoining of cybernationalism and digital authoritarianism. This intriguing case involves the peer production of a virtual celebrity called ‘Oppa China’ (阿中哥哥) by fangirls (饭圈女孩) in China. The empirical analysis contributes to ongoing debates on whether cybernationalists mainly serve or undermine authoritarianism in China. My second objective is to theoretically explore the rising phenomenon of cybernationalist authoritarianism. This exploration contributes to studies on the contemporary transformation of nationalism and authoritarianism. I approach the two objectives by analysing cybernationalist authoritarianism in terms of the interplay between cybernationalism and digital authoritarianism. I find that peer production is the key novel characteristic of cybernationalism and that authoritarian legitimation is the main imperative of digital authoritarianism. My analysis illustrates how the peer production of new and multiple cybernationalisms serves as well as undermines authoritarian legitimation. This study’s data include in-depth interviews, informal interviews, various documentary sources, big data from Weibo, and online participant observation.
本研究有两个研究目标。首先分析了一个中国“网络民族主义威权主义”的案例,我将其定义为网络民族主义和数字威权主义的意识形态表达和实践结合。这个有趣的案例涉及一个名为“Oppa China”的虚拟名人的同行制作(阿中哥哥) 由fangirls(饭圈女孩) 在中国。这一实证分析有助于引发关于网络民族主义者是主要为中国的威权主义服务还是破坏威权主义的争论。我的第二个目标是从理论上探讨网络民族主义威权主义的兴起现象。这一探索有助于研究民族主义与威权主义的当代转型。我通过分析网络民族主义和数字威权主义之间的相互作用来实现这两个目标。我发现同行制作是网络民族主义的关键小说特征,而威权合法化是数字威权主义的主要要求。我的分析说明了新的和多种网络民族主义的同行生产如何起到破坏威权合法性的作用。本研究的数据包括深度访谈、非正式访谈、各种文献来源、微博大数据和在线参与者观察。
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引用次数: 0
‘Sissy capital’ and the governance of non-normative genders in China’s platform economy “Sissy资本”与中国平台经济中的非规范性别治理
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1177/0920203X221147481
Shuaishuai Wang, Hongwei Bao
This article examines Chinese government censorship in the intersection between queer and fan cultures and the government’s regulation of big tech companies and platform economies in the 2020s conjuncture. In the context of booming platform industries and proliferating queer representations, the government issued explicit directives to censor the representation of ‘sissy men’, or androgynous and effeminate male celebrities, on video streaming platforms in 2021. Accused of encouraging ‘sissy capital’ (娘炮资本), the digital platforms that produce or host these videos have also been closely scrutinized. Focusing on the discourse of sissy capital, this article traces how the term has been used in state policies and mainstream media to discern the power relations that produce such a discourse. It argues that in the context of China’s fast-developing digital platform economy in which the pink economy plays a part, the governance of non-normative sexualities and platform industries has converged in the government’s efforts to define and regulate culture in an era of digital capitalism. The term sissy capital points to the gendered dimension of capital as well as the political economy of queerness; it also contributes to a more nuanced understanding of contemporary governing rationalities and techniques in a digital, non-Western, and illiberal context.
本文考察了中国政府在酷儿和粉丝文化的交叉点上的审查,以及政府在本世纪20年代对大型科技公司和平台经济的监管。在平台产业蓬勃发展和酷儿形象激增的背景下,政府在2021年发布了明确的指令,要求审查视频流媒体平台上的“娘娘腔男人”,即雌雄同体和娘娘腔的男明星。由于被指鼓励“娘娘腔资本”,制作或托管这些视频的数字平台也受到了密切关注。本文聚焦于娘娘腔资本的话语,追溯了这个词是如何在国家政策和主流媒体中被使用的,以辨别产生这种话语的权力关系。文章认为,在粉红经济参与的中国快速发展的数字平台经济背景下,政府在数字资本主义时代定义和规范文化的努力中,对非规范性行为和平台行业的治理已经融合在一起。“娘娘腔资本”一词指出了资本的性别维度以及酷儿的政治经济学;它还有助于更细致入微地理解数字化、非西方和非自由背景下的当代治理理性和技术。
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引用次数: 2
The platformization of digital philanthropy in China: State, tech companies, and philanthropy engineering 中国数字慈善的平台化:国家、科技公司和慈善工程
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-12-19 DOI: 10.1177/0920203X221143940
Qiuhong Song, Chengpang Lee, Ling Han
Although there may be disagreement about the consequences of technology, such as the Internet, on Chinese philanthropy, there is consensus that giant tech companies have profoundly reshaped the field. One outcome is that this has led to the rise of digital philanthropy. The extant studies on the impact of the Internet on philanthropic practices tend to be limited to investigations of a specific platform (e.g. Weibo), while overlooking the heterogeneity of tech-empowered digital philanthropy in China. This study is an introduction to the diversity and the platformization of digital philanthropy. We use a snowball sampling online survey (n = 2132) to examine people’s attitudes towards digital philanthropy to understand user perceptions of some of the most common digital philanthropy platforms and products. The sample captures more educated mobile phone users already active on digital platforms. Based on the results, we categorize and discuss the three most mentioned types of digital philanthropy products: event-based products, issue-based products, and gamified mini-programs. We provide some insight on how these philanthropic products are engineered to blur the boundaries between online and offline activities to leverage tech companies’ mega platforms. The platformization of digital philanthropy has potential consequences for the evolving state–business–society relationship.
尽管对于互联网等科技对中国慈善事业的影响可能存在分歧,但人们一致认为,科技巨头已经深刻地重塑了这一领域。一个结果是,这导致了数字慈善事业的兴起。现有关于互联网对慈善实践影响的研究往往局限于对特定平台(如微博)的调查,而忽视了中国技术驱动的数字慈善的异质性。本研究对数字慈善的多样性和平台化进行了介绍。我们使用滚雪球抽样在线调查(n = 2132)来研究人们对数字慈善的态度,以了解用户对一些最常见的数字慈善平台和产品的看法。该样本涵盖了已经在数字平台上活跃的受过更多教育的手机用户。基于这些结果,我们对三种被提及最多的数字慈善产品进行了分类和讨论:基于事件的产品、基于问题的产品和游戏化小程序。我们提供了一些关于这些慈善产品是如何设计的,以模糊线上和线下活动之间的界限,以利用科技公司的大型平台。数字慈善的平台化对不断发展的国家-企业-社会关系有潜在的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Gendered social address in China’s convergence culture: The case of meinü (beautiful woman) 中国融合文化中的性别化社会称谓:以meinü(美女)为例
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-12-13 DOI: 10.1177/0920203X221139435
Jun Lang, Zhuo Jing-Schmidt
Henry Jenkins posited that digital culture is convergence culture. This prognosis has since been intensely debated. Critiques of its romanticization of grassroots participation and objections to its neglect of the political economy of media convergence are particularly pertinent in the context of China where media is under state control despite the drastic platformization of society. The present study probes China’s convergence culture through a sociolinguistic lens. We examine patterns of convergence in the usage of a viral social address, meinü (美女, literally ‘beautiful woman’), and we survey the perception of this term across social categories. Results on usage pointed to a linguistic convergence of popular culture and state media, which fuels the viral spread of meinü in China’s digital ecosystem where interactions between stakeholders defy a simple user–censor dichotomy. Results on perception showed a generational contestation. Contrary to previous findings, older Chinese are more likely than younger Chinese to use meinü, and older women experience gratification when called meinü but younger women experience effrontery at its use. The generation gap suggests socially distributed experiences and practices among China’s digital media participants. Our study not only reveals the complexities, contradictions, and contingencies of media convergence in China, but also has theoretical and empirical implications for convergence culture.
亨利·詹金斯认为数字文化是融合文化。此后,这一预测一直备受争议。批评其对基层参与的浪漫化,以及反对其忽视媒体融合的政治经济学,在中国的背景下尤为贴切,尽管社会平台化激烈,但媒体仍处于国家控制之下。本研究从社会语言学的角度探讨了中国的融合文化。我们研究了病毒式社交地址meinü(字面意思是“美丽的女人”)使用的趋同模式,并调查了社会类别对这个术语的看法。使用结果表明,流行文化和官方媒体的语言趋同,助长了meinü在中国数字生态系统中的病毒式传播,在这个生态系统中,利益相关者之间的互动无视简单的用户-审查二分法。认知结果显示代际差异。与之前的研究结果相反,年长的中国人比年轻的中国人更有可能使用meinü,年长的女性在被称为meinü时感到满足,而年轻女性在使用这个词时会感到羞耻。代沟表明了中国数字媒体参与者的社会分布经验和做法。我们的研究不仅揭示了中国媒介融合的复杂性、矛盾性和偶然性,而且对融合文化具有理论和实证意义。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: On the Edge: Life Along the Russia–China Border by Franck Billé and Caroline Humphrey 书评:《在边缘上:中俄边境生活》,作者:弗兰克·比罗尔和卡罗琳·汉弗莱
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/0920203X221130402c
Eva P. W. Hung
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: China’s Western Frontier and Eurasia: The Politics of State and Region-Building by Zenel Garcia 书评:《中国西部边疆与欧亚大陆:国家与地区建设的政治》,作者:泽内尔·加西亚
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/0920203x221130402
S. Handke
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引用次数: 0
China’s borderlands in the post-globalization era 后全球化时代的中国边疆
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/0920203X221127224
Tianlong You, M. Romero
China is considered to be the biggest beneficiary of globalization, as evidenced by the growing volume and diversity of people, goods, and information moving across its borders. However, the increase in scholarly attention on China ’ s borderlands that is war-ranted by such economic, social, and political activities is absent. This special issue of China Information is committed to new research that addresses mounting challenges facing studies on China ’ s borderlands, as well as borderland studies in general. This special issue presents the work of emerging scholars who investigate cross-border migration and the key characteristics of China ’ s borderlands, focusing on previously under-studied places that were out of the reach of scholars for years. These studies offer a lens through which the socio-economic and politico-institutional changes in China ’ s borderlands can be understood within the broader context of China ’ s time-compressed global rise. A cursory glance at the research topics may give the impression that this special issue appears to investigate migratory phenomena in geographically remote places on the peripheries of the country. However, we suggest that China ’ s rise is inseparable from, and critical to, a variety of complex phenomena that should be scrutinized and re-evaluated respectively in each contribution to this special issue. As areas experiencing rapid changes, China ’ s borderlands are the sites of a multitude of processes embedded in the social transformation which affects the country ’ s borderlands as much as its coastal regions.
中国被认为是全球化的最大受益者,跨境流动的人员、商品和信息的数量和多样性不断增加就是明证。然而,学术界对这些经济、社会和政治活动引发的中国边疆战争的关注却没有增加。这期《中国信息》特刊致力于新的研究,解决中国边疆研究面临的日益严峻的挑战,以及一般的边疆研究。这期特刊介绍了新兴学者的工作,他们研究跨境移民和中国边境地区的关键特征,重点关注多年来学者们无法触及的以前研究不足的地方。这些研究提供了一个视角,通过这个视角,可以在中国被压缩的全球崛起的更广泛背景下理解中国边境地区的社会经济和政治制度变化。粗略地看一下研究题目可能会给人一种印象,即这一期特刊似乎是在调查该国边缘地理上偏远地区的移民现象。然而,我们认为,中国的崛起与各种复杂的现象是分不开的,也是至关重要的,这些现象应该在本期特刊的每一篇文章中分别加以仔细审视和重新评估。作为经历快速变化的地区,中国的边疆地区是社会转型的众多过程的所在地,这种变革对中国的边疆地区和沿海地区的影响一样大。
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引用次数: 0
Book Review: Policing China: Street-level Cops in the Shadow of Protest by Suzanne E. Scoggins 书评:《中国警务:抗议阴影下的街头警察》,苏珊娜·e·斯科金斯著
IF 2.1 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-10-21 DOI: 10.1177/0920203X221130402d
Jianhua Xu
practices suggest a complex cross-cultural process of borrowing, inspiration, and mimesis. In sum, On the Edge is rich in thick descriptions of the lives of people in the Sino-Russian borderlands. It adopts a ‘from the periphery to the center’ (p. 20) approach to examine the border dynamics of the two countries and border transformations on the ground. While the substantive topic of each individual chapter could have been better connected and woven into a larger conceptual framework, this book surely adds to a growing body of literature on the historical development of the Sino-Russian border in general, and contributes to the understanding of how border residents interpret and imagine the reality on the ground in particular.
实践表明,借用、启发和模仿是一个复杂的跨文化过程。总之,《在边缘》对中俄边疆人民的生活有着丰富的描写。它采用了“从外围到中心”的方法(第20页)来考察两国的边界动态和实地的边界转变。虽然每一章的实质性主题都可以更好地联系起来,并编织成一个更大的概念框架,但这本书无疑为越来越多的关于中俄边境历史发展的文献增添了内容,并有助于理解边境居民如何解读和想象当地的现实。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
China Information
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