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Diluting, decoupling, and dovetailing: Considering new metaphors for understanding the changing international school landscape in China 稀释、脱钩与融合:考虑新的隐喻来理解中国不断变化的国际学校格局
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.1177/14752409231160710
A. Poole, Tristan Bunnell
A major development in recent years concerning the growth of ‘private English-speaking international schooling’ has been the transition from a ‘traditional’ mode of activity towards a ‘non-traditional’ context. This is especially the case in Asia, where the majority of international schools now reside. Moreover, we find that in Mainland China two-thirds of the (approximately) 900 schools that might be thought of as international schools are now perhaps better classified as ‘internationalised schools’, catering largely for Chinese nationals and being taught by a largely local teaching force whilst delivering a fusion of international and national curricula in a profit-driven paradigm. A major challenge is to picture and theorise this changing, and increasingly very different, landscape. This paper offers a new imagery for discussion by using metaphor. Building upon the conflicting ‘diluting’ and ‘decoupling’ metaphors that have been recently introduced in the international schooling literature, we present here a conciliatory new imagery: that of ‘dovetailing’. This alternative, third metaphor suggests that the changing landscape of international schooling in places including mainland China involves models of private bilingual international schooling that are pragmatically ‘dovetailed’ with national forms of schooling, fusing cosmopolitan sensitivities with the nationalist needs of the state. This metaphor is now ready to be developed and adapted in China and beyond.
近年来,“私立英语国际学校”发展的一个主要进展是从“传统”活动模式向“非传统”环境的转变。亚洲的情况尤其如此,大多数国际学校现在都在那里。此外,我们发现,在中国大陆,(大约)900所可能被视为国际学校的学校中,有三分之二现在可能被更好地归类为“国际化学校”,主要面向中国公民,由主要由当地教师授课,同时以利润驱动的模式提供国际和国家课程的融合。一个主要的挑战是描绘和理论化这种不断变化、越来越不同的景观。本文利用隐喻提供了一种新的意象来进行讨论。基于最近在国际学校教育文献中引入的相互冲突的“淡化”和“脱钩”隐喻,我们在这里提出了一个和解的新意象:“吻合”。第三个比喻表明,包括中国大陆在内的地方不断变化的国际学校教育格局涉及私立双语国际学校教育模式,这些模式与国家教育形式务实地“吻合”,融合了世界性的敏感性和国家的民族主义需求。这个比喻现在已经准备好在中国和其他地方发展和改编了。
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引用次数: 0
Sustainable Leadership in Private International Schools: Lessons from Kuwait 私立国际学校的可持续领导:来自科威特的经验
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.1177/14752409221140628
Mary Ellen Kelly
The rapid, global growth of the private international school sector has raised demand for qualified school administrators to lead schools in that sector. Many administrators hired into that sector face particular challenges when coming from public systems in other countries. The question is in what ways do gaps between the training and experience of recruits and the demands of the sector compromise the sustainability of effective leadership in private international schools. There are implications for policy development around training and support for leaders in this sector as, unlike many national public systems, it lacks a supply of specifically trained leaders. This article presents a qualitative study of semi-structured interviews with 17 international school leaders who moved from national public systems abroad to private international schools in Kuwait. The major themes that emerged in those interviews were the challenges faced by leaders in adjusting to differing governance structures, the business and marketing aspects of private international schools, and managing the transience of staff. A number of similar themes have been cited in research on international schools in other world regions, although some expressions of those themes are particular to Kuwait. This article concludes with a discussion of the need to provide sustainable norms for leadership across the international school sector, with training and support to help school leaders transition and work more effectively in the sector.
私立国际学校部门在全球范围内的快速增长,增加了对合格学校管理人员的需求,以领导该部门的学校。许多受雇于该行业的管理人员在来自其他国家的公共系统时面临着特殊的挑战。问题是,招聘人员的培训和经验与该部门的需求之间的差距如何影响私立国际学校有效领导的可持续性。与许多国家公共系统不同,该部门缺乏受过专门培训的领导人,因此对该部门领导人的培训和支持对政策制定有影响。本文对17名国际学校领导进行了半结构化访谈,这些领导从国外的国家公共系统转到科威特的私立国际学校。这些采访中出现的主要主题是领导者在适应不同的治理结构、私立国际学校的商业和营销方面以及管理员工的短暂性方面所面临的挑战。在对世界其他地区的国际学校的研究中,也引用了一些类似的主题,尽管这些主题的某些表述是科威特特有的。本文最后讨论了为整个国际学校部门的领导提供可持续规范的必要性,并提供培训和支持,以帮助学校领导过渡并在该部门更有效地工作。
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引用次数: 0
China: The Under-Researched Nexus of Activity 中国:研究不足的活动纽带
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-28 DOI: 10.1177/14752409221140627
Simon Probert
In recent years there has been a significant shift in the international school market in China, from educating predominantly the children of expatriates to educating Chinese nationals. This article will examine the problems such schools face in terms of putting together an international curriculum, not least in terms of the complex web of stakeholders often involved in such schools, and also the need to comply with local curriculum standards. Examining the notion of the ‘glocal’, and intercultural communicative competence as a means of bridging the divide between local and global curriculum themes, this article will consider ways of reducing the impact of these issues on curriculum planning, proposing a model moving forward, and arguing that these schools represent a new paradigm in the evolution of international education in China.
近年来,中国的国际学校市场发生了重大变化,从主要为外籍人士子女提供教育转向为中国公民提供教育。本文将探讨这些学校在编制国际课程方面面临的问题,尤其是在这些学校经常涉及的利益相关者的复杂网络方面,以及遵守当地课程标准的必要性方面。通过考察“全球”的概念,以及跨文化交际能力作为弥合本地和全球课程主题之间差距的一种手段,本文将考虑如何减少这些问题对课程规划的影响,提出一种前进的模式,并认为这些学校代表了中国国际教育发展的新范式。
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引用次数: 2
Learner Profile Attributes in IB Teaching: Insights from a Continuum School in Turkey IB教学中的学习者档案属性:来自土耳其一所连续体学校的启示
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-18 DOI: 10.1177/14752409221139051
Özlem Keser, Servet Altan, J. Lane
This article presents findings from a case study of a K-12 school in Turkey where teachers shared perceptions of how the International Baccalaureate Learner Profile attributes related to their own practice. While discussing the interdependency of the attributes, teachers considered that being an inquirer is the most valuable attribute for effective International Baccalaureate teachers. Participants at all grade levels believed that being open-minded and reflective were important attributes. Despite the importance of inquiry, participants shared that they feel most capable of implementing the attribute of being knowledgeable. The conceptual framework developed for this study may be used by schools and teacher educators to develop attributes of teachers who can help students become global citizens with intercultural understandings.
本文介绍了土耳其一所K-12学校的案例研究结果,该学校的教师们对国际文凭学习者档案属性如何与他们自己的实践相关有着共同的看法。在讨论这些属性的相互依存性时,教师们认为,作为一名询问者是有效的国际文凭教师最有价值的属性。所有年级的参与者都认为,思想开放和反思是重要的特征。尽管调查很重要,但参与者都认为他们最有能力实现知识渊博的特点。学校和教师教育工作者可以利用为本研究开发的概念框架来培养教师的特质,帮助学生成为具有跨文化理解的全球公民。
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引用次数: 0
Grief as an Integral Part of the Third Culture Kid Transition Experience: A Position Paper 悲伤是第三文化儿童过渡经历的一个组成部分:一份立场文件
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-14 DOI: 10.1177/14752409221140176
Tracy Trethewy, Michelle A. Vanderburg, José van den Akker
Arising from increasing globalization, growing numbers of families may find themselves relocating internationally because of work, while children in these families, often referred to as Third Culture Kids, may find themselves grieving for family, friends or possessions left behind. Research suggests that what Doka (2002) describes as disenfranchised grief may influence how such students perceive their experience with school transition programs. This article is part of a larger, ongoing study on Third Culture Kids and their experience with transition programs. Schools are increasingly recognising that supporting Third Culture Kids is essential to ensuring student transitions are successful, while continuing to develop strategies to guarantee the positivity of the student transition experience. International schools also need to consider and include strategies for specifically addressing disenfranchised grief in the Third Culture Kid transition programs. Academic research, as opposed to anecdotal evidence, is needed to better understand how Third Culture Kids experience grief during their transition and how they can best be supported by the school. This article examines the current research around several existing grief models, and how they potentially relate to Third Culture Kids and transition programs. The article is a position paper that presents a call for further research relating to Third Culture Kids through the theoretical lens of grief and loss, in order to provide education professionals with resources that can best support Third Culture Kids on their educational journey.
随着全球化的加剧,越来越多的家庭可能会因为工作而移居国际,而这些家庭中的孩子,通常被称为第三文化孩子,可能会发现自己为留下的家人、朋友或财产而悲伤。研究表明,Doka(2002)所描述的被剥夺权利的悲伤可能会影响这些学生如何看待他们在学校过渡项目中的经历。这篇文章是一项正在进行的关于第三文化儿童及其过渡项目经验的更大规模研究的一部分。学校越来越认识到,支持第三文化儿童对确保学生成功过渡至关重要,同时继续制定策略,确保学生过渡体验的积极性。国际学校还需要考虑并将专门解决被剥夺权利的悲伤的策略纳入第三文化儿童过渡计划。需要进行学术研究,而不是轶事证据,以更好地了解第三文化儿童在过渡期间是如何经历悲伤的,以及他们如何最好地得到学校的支持。本文考察了目前围绕几种现有悲伤模型的研究,以及它们与第三文化儿童和过渡计划的潜在关系。这篇文章是一篇立场论文,呼吁从悲伤和失落的理论视角对第三文化儿童进行进一步研究,以便为教育专业人员提供最能支持第三文化孩子教育之旅的资源。
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引用次数: 0
Parenting in the time of COVID-19: Insights and lessons from parents of international school children 2019冠状病毒病时期的育儿:来自国际学校儿童家长的见解和教训
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-11 DOI: 10.1177/14752409221137694
Kathleen Doll, G. Calnin, Moira Ragan, Sarah Mason, Kevin House
The closure of school buildings due to COVID-19 and the resulting rapid transition to online education dramatically altered the lives of educators, students and parents. While previous literature demonstrates the vital role of parents in effective online education (Hattie, 2020; Liu et al, 2010), pre-pandemic literature focuses on parents and students who have opted in to online education. As such, the outbreak of COVID-19 has presented new challenges for understanding the relationship between parents and their child/ren's online learning. Since the start of the pandemic, studies have emerged exploring parental experience adjusting to their child/ren's online remote learning (Bhamani et al, 2020; Brom et al, 2020; Dong et al, 2020; Garbe et al, 2020; Lee et al, 2021). However, less is known about the online learning experiences during COVID-19 of families with children enrolled within international schools. Accordingly, the present study draws upon insights from 44 parents of children attending international schools who took part in 22 focus groups, across three countries and in three languages. The study investigates the parental experience with online education and unpacks four themes that emerged from the data: challenges faced by parents, parental perception of their child/ren’s wellbeing, impressions of the learning quality and parental suggestions for consideration by school leadership. With these findings, school leaders have a unique opportunity to leverage lessons learned and support parental growth so that families, educators and students may all contribute to the promise of a brighter educational future.
新冠肺炎导致校舍关闭,并由此迅速过渡到在线教育,极大地改变了教育工作者、学生和家长的生活。虽然之前的文献证明了家长在有效的在线教育中的重要作用(Hattie,2020;刘等人,2010),但疫情前的文献关注的是选择在线教育的家长和学生。因此,新冠肺炎的爆发为理解父母与子女在线学习之间的关系提出了新的挑战。自疫情开始以来,已有研究探索父母适应孩子在线远程学习的体验(Bhamani等人,2020;Brom等人,2020年;Dong等人,2020,Garbe等人,2020。Lee等人,2021)。然而,人们对新冠肺炎期间有孩子在国际学校就读的家庭的在线学习体验知之甚少。因此,本研究借鉴了44名就读国际学校的儿童家长的见解,他们参加了三个国家和三种语言的22个重点小组。这项研究调查了家长对在线教育的体验,并揭示了数据中出现的四个主题:家长面临的挑战、家长对孩子/人健康的看法、对学习质量的印象以及家长建议,供学校领导考虑。有了这些发现,学校领导有了一个独特的机会,可以利用经验教训,支持父母的成长,这样家庭、教育工作者和学生都可以为更光明的教育未来做出贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Adolescents’ perceptions of how teachers encourage creativity in the context of the International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme 青少年对教师如何在国际文凭中学课程背景下鼓励创造力的看法
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/14752409221135018
Éanna O’Boyle
This article describes findings from a case study that aimed to understand adolescents’ perceptions of how teachers encourage creativity across the curriculum. Four broad categories of creativity-fostering teaching practices emerged. These were disciplinary understanding (D), empowerment (E), relevance (R), and creative metacognition (M). This categorisation led directly to the development of the ‘DERM model’ that aims to provide teachers with guidance for encouraging creativity in the classroom.
本文描述了一个案例研究的结果,该研究旨在了解青少年对教师如何在整个课程中鼓励创造力的看法。培养创造力的教学实践出现了四大类。这些是学科理解(D)、授权(E)、相关性(R)和创造性元认知(M)。这种分类直接导致了“DERM模型”的发展,该模型旨在为教师提供指导,以鼓励课堂上的创造力。
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引用次数: 0
International school accreditation: An isomorphic force against creativity in a growing competitive market 国际学校认证:在竞争日益激烈的市场中,一股对抗创造力的同构力量
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/14752409221117252
Karl Coutet
Despite the large number of new international schools opening each year, very little innovation is evident in the market. DiMaggio and Powell (1983) use institutional isomorphism to explain the phenomenon of organisations in a field being similar and this paper investigates the extent to which accreditation contributes to that phenomenon. By reviewing the handbook, standards, and lesson observation tool of one large, global accreditor, a picture is built in this paper of the ‘ideal school’ that would perform well in an accreditation review. Accreditation was found to restrict how the school is managed, narrow the learning philosophy of the school, and prescribe the practices that take place in the classroom. Opportunities for limited creativity were found in teachers’ design of learning activities, with the caveat that those activities must be aligned to prescribed curriculum standards.
尽管每年都有大量新的国际学校开学,但市场上几乎没有明显的创新。DiMaggio和Powell(1983)使用制度同构来解释一个领域中组织相似的现象,本文研究了认可在多大程度上促成了这种现象。通过审查一家大型全球认证机构的手册、标准和课程观察工具,本文对在认证审查中表现良好的“理想学校”进行了描述。认证被发现限制了学校的管理方式,缩小了学校的学习理念,并规定了课堂上的做法。在教师的学习活动设计中发现了有限创造力的机会,但需要注意的是,这些活动必须符合规定的课程标准。
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引用次数: 0
A Phenomenological Study of Teachers’ First-Year Experiences of Curriculum Development in Christian International Schools 基督教国际学校教师一年级课程开发经验的现象学研究
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/14752409221115857
R. Pedigo, Samuel Smith
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experiences of eight American teachers in Christian international schools during the process of developing curriculum during their first year of teaching. In light of the purpose of the study, the following research questions framed this investigation: How do teachers describe their experiences of developing curriculum during their first year of teaching at an international Christian school? What challenges do first-year teachers encounter when beginning to develop curriculum for their classes? What are first-year teachers’ expectations of support during curriculum development? How do teachers describe their first-year experiences of adjusting to a new culture while at the same time working to develop curriculum? Participants for this study were purposefully selected classroom teachers who had been teaching at an Association of Christian Schools International (ACSI) international school for at least one year, but no more than three years. The theories guiding the study were experiential learning theory and the theory of cultural intelligence. Data collection methods included analysis of school documents, a photo narrative, and interviews. Data analysis procedures followed a heuristic research approach. The following themes emerged as a result of analyzing teacher interviews, photo narratives, and curriculum documents: (a) decision to teach internationally, (b) first year challenges teaching overseas, (c) effects of living cross-culturally, (d) developing curriculum at an international school, and (e) challenges to developing curriculum in an international school.
摘要本研究旨在探讨八位在基督教国际学校任教的美国教师在第一年的教学过程中,在课程开发过程中的经验。根据这项研究的目的,以下研究问题构成了这项调查的框架:教师如何描述他们在国际基督教学校教学的第一年开发课程的经历?一年级教师在开始为他们的班级制定课程时遇到了哪些挑战?在课程开发过程中,第一年教师对支持的期望是什么?老师们如何描述他们第一年在适应新文化的同时努力开发课程的经历?本研究的参与者是有目的地选择在国际基督教学校协会(ACSI)国际学校任教至少一年但不超过三年的任课教师。指导本研究的理论是体验学习理论和文化智力理论。数据收集方法包括分析学校文件、照片叙述和访谈。数据分析过程遵循启发式研究方法。通过对教师访谈、照片叙述和课程文件的分析,得出了以下主题:(a)国际教学的决定,(b)第一年海外教学的挑战,(c)跨文化生活的影响,(d)在国际学校开发课程,以及(e)在国际学校开发课程的挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating the impact of the International Baccalaureate: an analysis in Ecuador 评估国际文凭的影响:对厄瓜多尔的分析
IF 1.4 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/14752409221122038
J. Ponce, Ruthy Intriago
This study provides an evaluation of the impact of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme introduced in 2006 to 200 public schools in Ecuador. Using a combination of different methodologies in order to have a credible identification strategy, we find that the International Baccalaureate Diploma has a positive impact on academic achievements as well as on secondary school progression.
本研究对2006年厄瓜多尔200所公立学校引入的国际文凭课程的影响进行了评估。为了有一个可信的识别策略,我们使用不同方法的组合,我们发现国际文凭对学业成绩和中学学业进步有积极的影响。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Research in International Education
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