Amin Saeedi, Afshin Mohammad Bagheri, Rasoul Raesi, Kiavash Hushmandi, Salman Daneshi, Asma Amiri Domari, Mohammadhossein Gholamzadeh, Shiva Kargar
Background and Aim
Helicobacter pylori plays an important role in causing digestive diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate Helicobacter pylori in COVID-19 patients with and without gastrointestinal symptoms.
Methods
In this case–control study, all patients with COVID-19 admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Jiroft city in 2021 were convenience sampled and divided into two homogeneous groups. Ninety-five patients with COVID-19, who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, were included in the case group, while 95 patients with COVID-19 without gastrointestinal symptoms were included in the control group. Noninvasive diagnostic methods, including serology and stool antigen tests, were used to identify Helicobacter pylori in the studied patients.
Results
Fifty-three people (55.8%) from the case group had Helicobacter pylori, and 48 (50.5%) from the control group had Helicobacter pylori. Among the 53 people from the case group, 27 (50.9%) were men and 26 (49.1%) were women. Nineteen people (35.8%) were taking pantoprazole, 10 people (18.8%) were taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 20 people (37.7%) were taking narcotics, and 7 people (13.2%) had peptic ulcer. Seven people (13.2%) had an H2 blocker, and 21 people had an underlying disease. A significant relationship between infection with Helicobacter pylori and the use of pantoprazole, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, narcotics, peptic ulcer, underlying disease, and H2 blocker in COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and without gastrointestinal symptoms was present (P-value < 0.05).
Conclusion
The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with COVID-19, who have gastrointestinal symptoms, is high and should be considered as a treatment criterion for people infected with COVID-19.
{"title":"Comparison of Helicobacter pylori in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with and without gastrointestinal symptoms","authors":"Amin Saeedi, Afshin Mohammad Bagheri, Rasoul Raesi, Kiavash Hushmandi, Salman Daneshi, Asma Amiri Domari, Mohammadhossein Gholamzadeh, Shiva Kargar","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70020","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> plays an important role in causing digestive diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in COVID-19 patients with and without gastrointestinal symptoms.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case–control study, all patients with COVID-19 admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Jiroft city in 2021 were convenience sampled and divided into two homogeneous groups. Ninety-five patients with COVID-19, who presented with gastrointestinal symptoms, were included in the case group, while 95 patients with COVID-19 without gastrointestinal symptoms were included in the control group. Noninvasive diagnostic methods, including serology and stool antigen tests, were used to identify <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> in the studied patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty-three people (55.8%) from the case group had <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>, and 48 (50.5%) from the control group had <i>Helicobacter pylori</i>. Among the 53 people from the case group, 27 (50.9%) were men and 26 (49.1%) were women. Nineteen people (35.8%) were taking pantoprazole, 10 people (18.8%) were taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 20 people (37.7%) were taking narcotics, and 7 people (13.2%) had peptic ulcer. Seven people (13.2%) had an H2 blocker, and 21 people had an underlying disease. A significant relationship between infection with <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> and the use of pantoprazole, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, narcotics, peptic ulcer, underlying disease, and H2 blocker in COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and without gastrointestinal symptoms was present (<i>P</i>-value < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection in patients with COVID-19, who have gastrointestinal symptoms, is high and should be considered as a treatment criterion for people infected with COVID-19.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142276561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Niccolò Peruzzi, Marina Eckermann, Jasper Frohn, Tim Salditt, Bodil Ohlsson, Martin Bech
Background and Aim
Full-thickness biopsies of the intestinal wall may be used to study and assess damage to the neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS), that is, enteric neuropathy. The ENS is difficult to examine due to its localization deep in the intestinal wall and its organization with several connections in diverging directions. Histological sections used in clinical practice only visualize the sample in a two-dimensional way. X-ray phase-contrast micro-computed tomography (PC-μCT) has shown potential to assess the cross-sectional thickness and volume of the ENS in three dimensions (3D). The aim of this study was to explore the potential of PC-μCT to evaluate its use to determine the size of the ENS.
Methods
Full-thickness biopsies of ileum obtained during surgery from five controls and six patients clinically diagnosed with enteric neuropathy and dysmotility were included. Punch biopsies of 1 mm in diameter and 1 cm in length, from an area containing myenteric plexus, were extracted from paraffin blocks, and scanned with synchrotron-based PC-μCT without any staining.
Results
The microscopic volumetric structure of the neural tissue (consisting of both ganglia and fascicles) could be determined in all samples. The ratio of neural tissue volume/total tissue volume was higher in controls than in patients with enteric neuropathy (P = 0.013). The patient with the longest disease duration had the lowest ratio.
Conclusion
The assessment of neural tissue can be performed in an objective, standardized way, to ensure reproducibility and comparison under physiological and pathological conditions. Further evaluation is needed to examine the role of this method in the diagnosis of enteric neuropathy.
{"title":"Volumetric changes of the enteric nervous system under physiological and pathological conditions measured using x-ray phase-contrast tomography","authors":"Niccolò Peruzzi, Marina Eckermann, Jasper Frohn, Tim Salditt, Bodil Ohlsson, Martin Bech","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Full-thickness biopsies of the intestinal wall may be used to study and assess damage to the neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS), that is, enteric neuropathy. The ENS is difficult to examine due to its localization deep in the intestinal wall and its organization with several connections in diverging directions. Histological sections used in clinical practice only visualize the sample in a two-dimensional way. X-ray phase-contrast micro-computed tomography (PC-μCT) has shown potential to assess the cross-sectional thickness and volume of the ENS in three dimensions (3D). The aim of this study was to explore the potential of PC-μCT to evaluate its use to determine the size of the ENS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Full-thickness biopsies of ileum obtained during surgery from five controls and six patients clinically diagnosed with enteric neuropathy and dysmotility were included. Punch biopsies of 1 mm in diameter and 1 cm in length, from an area containing myenteric plexus, were extracted from paraffin blocks, and scanned with synchrotron-based PC-μCT without any staining.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The microscopic volumetric structure of the neural tissue (consisting of both ganglia and fascicles) could be determined in all samples. The ratio of neural tissue volume/total tissue volume was higher in controls than in patients with enteric neuropathy (<i>P</i> = 0.013). The patient with the longest disease duration had the lowest ratio.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The assessment of neural tissue can be performed in an objective, standardized way, to ensure reproducibility and comparison under physiological and pathological conditions. Further evaluation is needed to examine the role of this method in the diagnosis of enteric neuropathy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142245024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eric Kalo, Scott Read, Asma Baig, Kate Marshall, Wai-See Ma, Helen Crowther, Cameron Gofton, Kate D Lynch, Siddharth Sood, Jacinta Holmes, John Lubel, Alan Wigg, Geoff McCaughan, Stuart K Roberts, Paolo Caraceni, Golo Ahlenstiel, Avik Majumdar
The current treatment approach to patients with liver cirrhosis relies on the individual management of complications. Consequently, there is an unmet need for an overall therapeutic strategy for primary and secondary prevention of complications. The clinical potential of long-term albumin infusions supported by recent clinical trials has expanded its indications and holds promise to transform the management and secondary prevention of cirrhosis-related complications. This renewed interest in albumin comes with inherent controversies, compounding challenges and pressing need for rigorous evaluation of its clinical potential to capitalize on its therapeutic breakthroughs. Australia is among a few countries worldwide to adopt outpatient human albumin infusion. Here, we summarize currently available evidence of the potential benefits of human albumin for the management of multiple liver cirrhosis-related complications and discuss key challenges for wide application of long-term albumin administration strategy in Australian clinical practice. Australian Gastroenterological week (AGW), organised by the Gastroenterological Society of Australia (GESA), was held between 9-11 September 2022. A panel of hepatologists, advanced liver nurses and one haematologist, were invited to a roundtable meeting to discuss the use of long-term albumin infusions for liver cirrhosis. management in Australia. In this review, we summarise the proceedings of this meeting in context of the current literature.
{"title":"Efficacy of albumin use in decompensated cirrhosis and real-world adoption in Australia","authors":"Eric Kalo, Scott Read, Asma Baig, Kate Marshall, Wai-See Ma, Helen Crowther, Cameron Gofton, Kate D Lynch, Siddharth Sood, Jacinta Holmes, John Lubel, Alan Wigg, Geoff McCaughan, Stuart K Roberts, Paolo Caraceni, Golo Ahlenstiel, Avik Majumdar","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The current treatment approach to patients with liver cirrhosis relies on the individual management of complications. Consequently, there is an unmet need for an overall therapeutic strategy for primary and secondary prevention of complications. The clinical potential of long-term albumin infusions supported by recent clinical trials has expanded its indications and holds promise to transform the management and secondary prevention of cirrhosis-related complications. This renewed interest in albumin comes with inherent controversies, compounding challenges and pressing need for rigorous evaluation of its clinical potential to capitalize on its therapeutic breakthroughs. Australia is among a few countries worldwide to adopt outpatient human albumin infusion. Here, we summarize currently available evidence of the potential benefits of human albumin for the management of multiple liver cirrhosis-related complications and discuss key challenges for wide application of long-term albumin administration strategy in Australian clinical practice. Australian Gastroenterological week (AGW), organised by the Gastroenterological Society of Australia (GESA), was held between 9-11 September 2022. A panel of hepatologists, advanced liver nurses and one haematologist, were invited to a roundtable meeting to discuss the use of long-term albumin infusions for liver cirrhosis. management in Australia. In this review, we summarise the proceedings of this meeting in context of the current literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
<p>The burden of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in low- and middle-income African nations is significant and growing, particularly in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The prevalence of upper GI conditions, including peptic ulcers and esophageal malignancy-related dysphagia, is notably high in regions like Senegal.<span><sup>1</sup></span> Lower GI conditions, such as hemorrhoids, infectious colitis, and lower GI cancers, are also becoming increasingly prevalent in other low- and middle-income African nations.<span><sup>2</sup></span> The rising incidence of GI malignancies in low- and middle-income African nations leads to severe complications, diminished quality of life, financial distress, and increased morbidity and mortality. The GLOBACAN report of 2012, devised by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) denoted that over 40% of GI malignancies originated from developing nations.<span><sup>3</sup></span> A recent Global Burden of Disease (GBD) analysis denoted that a substantial proportion of digestive diseases existed in low- and middle-income nations concentrated in Africa. The African region experienced the highest disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to digestive diseases, with the least improvement over the past decade, with the highest DALY rates observed in nations such as Egypt and the Central African Republic. The same study also denoted that the greatest proportional burden of upper digestive system diseases was in southern SSA.<span><sup>4</sup></span> Future projections indicate that low- and middle-income African nations, especially those in SSA, will experience a 73% increase in GI cancer cases by 2030, with uninvestigated dyspepsia being a significant contributing factor.<span><sup>5</sup></span> Consequently, enhancing the availability and quality of GI endoscopy services is imperative to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of GI conditions in low- and middle-income African nations. To this end, this editorial explores the recent progress and future directions for expanding gastrointestinal endoscopy in these regions, emphasizing the urgent need for advancements in this field.</p><p>The establishment and expansion of gastrointestinal endoscopy services in low- and middle-income African nations are met with numerous challenges, foremost among which are financial constraints. These financial limitations make the procurement of essential endoscopic equipment difficult. For instance, despite the substantial gastrointestinal disease burden in Eastern Africa, the region's endoscopy capacity remains critically low, with only 0.12 endoscopists, 0.12 gastroscopes, and 0.09 colonoscopes available per 100 000 inhabitants. This stark deficit in equipment is predominantly attributed to financial challenges.<span><sup>6</sup></span> Furthermore, the shortage of medical doctors significantly impedes the development of endoscopy services. The provision of even basic diagnostic endoscopy services is a substantial
{"title":"Recent progress and future directions for expanding gastrointestinal endoscopy in low- and middle-income African nations","authors":"Aditya Gaur, Hareesha Rishab Bharadwaj, Priyal Dalal, Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The burden of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases in low- and middle-income African nations is significant and growing, particularly in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). The prevalence of upper GI conditions, including peptic ulcers and esophageal malignancy-related dysphagia, is notably high in regions like Senegal.<span><sup>1</sup></span> Lower GI conditions, such as hemorrhoids, infectious colitis, and lower GI cancers, are also becoming increasingly prevalent in other low- and middle-income African nations.<span><sup>2</sup></span> The rising incidence of GI malignancies in low- and middle-income African nations leads to severe complications, diminished quality of life, financial distress, and increased morbidity and mortality. The GLOBACAN report of 2012, devised by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) denoted that over 40% of GI malignancies originated from developing nations.<span><sup>3</sup></span> A recent Global Burden of Disease (GBD) analysis denoted that a substantial proportion of digestive diseases existed in low- and middle-income nations concentrated in Africa. The African region experienced the highest disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to digestive diseases, with the least improvement over the past decade, with the highest DALY rates observed in nations such as Egypt and the Central African Republic. The same study also denoted that the greatest proportional burden of upper digestive system diseases was in southern SSA.<span><sup>4</sup></span> Future projections indicate that low- and middle-income African nations, especially those in SSA, will experience a 73% increase in GI cancer cases by 2030, with uninvestigated dyspepsia being a significant contributing factor.<span><sup>5</sup></span> Consequently, enhancing the availability and quality of GI endoscopy services is imperative to improve the diagnosis and prognosis of GI conditions in low- and middle-income African nations. To this end, this editorial explores the recent progress and future directions for expanding gastrointestinal endoscopy in these regions, emphasizing the urgent need for advancements in this field.</p><p>The establishment and expansion of gastrointestinal endoscopy services in low- and middle-income African nations are met with numerous challenges, foremost among which are financial constraints. These financial limitations make the procurement of essential endoscopic equipment difficult. For instance, despite the substantial gastrointestinal disease burden in Eastern Africa, the region's endoscopy capacity remains critically low, with only 0.12 endoscopists, 0.12 gastroscopes, and 0.09 colonoscopes available per 100 000 inhabitants. This stark deficit in equipment is predominantly attributed to financial challenges.<span><sup>6</sup></span> Furthermore, the shortage of medical doctors significantly impedes the development of endoscopy services. The provision of even basic diagnostic endoscopy services is a substantial ","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142244496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacqueline Córdova-Gallardo, Froylan David Martínez-Sánchez, David Medina-Julio, Martin Edgardo Rojano-Rodríguez, Luz Sujey Romero-Loera, Romina Vargas-Agredano, Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
Background
Obesity is a significant risk factor for metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and liver fibrosis has not been fully elucidated in patients with obesity and MASLD.
Methods
This observational retrospective study included clinical and biochemical parameters of patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. HP infection was confirmed by gastric endoscopy, and liver biopsies were performed during surgery. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were employed to evaluate independent associations with liver fibrosis and steatosis by biopsy.
Results
The mean age of the subjects was 42 ± 10 years, with 84.7% being women, and they had a mean BMI of 42.97 ± 7.56 kg/m2. Overall, 41.7% of patients had an HP infection. Multiple logistic regression models were conducted to assess the association between HP infection, liver steatosis, and fibrosis by biopsy. HP infection was independently associated with liver fibrosis [OR = 3.164 (95% CI 1.011–9.900)].
Conclusion
Biopsy findings associated HP infection with increased liver fibrosis.
背景 肥胖是代谢相关性脂肪性肝病（MASLD）的重要危险因素。在肥胖症和代谢相关性脂肪性肝病患者中，幽门螺杆菌（HP）感染与肝纤维化之间的关系尚未完全阐明。 方法 这项观察性回顾研究包括接受减肥手术的肥胖症患者的临床和生化指标。胃内镜检查证实了 HP 感染，手术过程中进行了肝活检。采用二元和逻辑回归分析评估活检结果与肝纤维化和脂肪变性之间的独立关联。 结果 受试者的平均年龄为（42 ± 10）岁，84.7%为女性，平均体重指数为（42.97 ± 7.56）kg/m2。总体而言，41.7%的患者有 HP 感染。研究人员采用多元逻辑回归模型评估了 HP 感染、肝脏脂肪变性和活组织检查纤维化之间的关联。HP感染与肝纤维化独立相关[OR = 3.164 (95% CI 1.011-9.900)]。 结论 活检结果显示 HP 感染与肝纤维化增加有关。
{"title":"Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with liver fibrosis in patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery","authors":"Jacqueline Córdova-Gallardo, Froylan David Martínez-Sánchez, David Medina-Julio, Martin Edgardo Rojano-Rodríguez, Luz Sujey Romero-Loera, Romina Vargas-Agredano, Nahum Méndez-Sánchez","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70023","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Obesity is a significant risk factor for metabolic-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). The association between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and liver fibrosis has not been fully elucidated in patients with obesity and MASLD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This observational retrospective study included clinical and biochemical parameters of patients with obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. HP infection was confirmed by gastric endoscopy, and liver biopsies were performed during surgery. Bivariate and logistic regression analyses were employed to evaluate independent associations with liver fibrosis and steatosis by biopsy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of the subjects was 42 ± 10 years, with 84.7% being women, and they had a mean BMI of 42.97 ± 7.56 kg/m2. Overall, 41.7% of patients had an HP infection. Multiple logistic regression models were conducted to assess the association between HP infection, liver steatosis, and fibrosis by biopsy. HP infection was independently associated with liver fibrosis [OR = 3.164 (95% CI 1.011–9.900)].</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biopsy findings associated HP infection with increased liver fibrosis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70023","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142174205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anas Khouri, Chance Dickson, Alvin Green, Abrahim Hanjar, William Sonnier
Background and Aims
The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) with computer-aided detection (CADe) has the potential to increase the adenoma detection rate (ADR) by up to 30% in expert settings and specialized centers. The impact of CADe on serrated polyp detection rates (SDR) and academic trainees ADR & SDR remains underexplored. We aim to investigate the effect of CADe on ADR and SDR at an academic center with various levels of providers' experience.
Methods
A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on asymptomatic patients between the ages of 45 and 75 who underwent screening colonoscopy. Colonoscopy reports were reviewed for 3 months prior to the introduction of GI Genius™ (Medtronic, USA) and 3 months after its implementation. The primary outcome was ADR and SDR with and without CADe.
Results
Totally 658 colonoscopies were eligible for analysis. CADe resulted in statistically significant improvement in SDR from 8.92% to 14.1% (P = 0.037). The (ADR + SDR) with CADe and without CADe was 58% and 55.1%, respectively (P = 0.46). Average colonoscopy (CSC) withdrawal time was 17.33 min (SD 10) with the device compared with 17.35 min (SD 9) without the device (P = 0.98).
Conclusion
In this study, GI Genius™ was associated with a statistically significant increase in SDR alone, but not in ADR or (ADR + SDR), likely secondary to the more elusive nature of serrated polyps compared to adenomatous polyps. The use of CADe did not affect withdrawal time.
{"title":"Effect of computer aided detection device on the adenoma detection rate and serrated detection rate among trainee fellows","authors":"Anas Khouri, Chance Dickson, Alvin Green, Abrahim Hanjar, William Sonnier","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) with computer-aided detection (CADe) has the potential to increase the adenoma detection rate (ADR) by up to 30% in expert settings and specialized centers. The impact of CADe on serrated polyp detection rates (SDR) and academic trainees ADR & SDR remains underexplored. We aim to investigate the effect of CADe on ADR and SDR at an academic center with various levels of providers' experience.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted on asymptomatic patients between the ages of 45 and 75 who underwent screening colonoscopy. Colonoscopy reports were reviewed for 3 months prior to the introduction of GI Genius™ (Medtronic, USA) and 3 months after its implementation. The primary outcome was ADR and SDR with and without CADe.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Totally 658 colonoscopies were eligible for analysis. CADe resulted in statistically significant improvement in SDR from 8.92% to 14.1% (<i>P</i> = 0.037). The (ADR + SDR) with CADe and without CADe was 58% and 55.1%, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.46). Average colonoscopy (CSC) withdrawal time was 17.33 min (SD 10) with the device compared with 17.35 min (SD 9) without the device (<i>P</i> = 0.98).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, GI Genius™ was associated with a statistically significant increase in SDR alone, but not in ADR or (ADR + SDR), likely secondary to the more elusive nature of serrated polyps compared to adenomatous polyps. The use of CADe did not affect withdrawal time.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142160176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tor Persson, Stefan Söderberg, Minkyo Song, Pontus Karling
Background and Aim
We aimed to investigate whether individuals with low pepsinogen I levels differed from those with normal pepsinogen I levels in terms of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) use, referral to gastroscopy, and findings on gastroscopy.
Methods
Serum pepsinogen I was measured in 518 persons (mean age 51.6, SD 8.8; 49% women). A medical chart review focused on PPI prescriptions and gastroscopic findings in the follow-up period.
Results
Patients with serological atrophic gastritis (pepsinogen I < 28 μg/L) had higher body mass index (27.5 vs 26.2 kg/m2; P = 0.007), were less likely to be current smokers (8% vs 17%; P = 0.025), and had higher prevalence of Helicobacter pylori seropositivity (57% vs 36%; P < 0.001) compared with those without. During follow-up (mean 21.4 years, SD 6.5 years), the patients with serological atrophic gastritis had more often findings of atrophic gastritis or gastric polyps on gastroscopy (20% vs 8%; P < 0.001), despite no differences in the mean number of gastroscopies per 1000 person-years (33 vs 23; P = 0.19) and the mean prescribed PPI dose (omeprazole equivalents) per year (1064 mg vs 1046 mg; P = 0.95). Persons with serological atrophic gastritis had lower odds of being prescribed PPIs at least once (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.58 [0.35–0.96]), but there was no significant difference in the chance of being referred to gastroscopy at least once (1.15 [0.70–1.96]).
Conclusion
Persons with serological atrophic gastritis were less likely to be prescribed PPIs. Persons with serological atrophic gastritis had more often gastric polyps and atrophic gastritis when referred to gastroscopy.
背景和目的 我们旨在研究胃蛋白酶原 I 水平低的人与胃蛋白酶原 I 水平正常的人在使用质子泵抑制剂 (PPI)、转诊至胃镜检查以及胃镜检查结果方面是否存在差异。 方法 对 518 人（平均年龄 51.6 岁，SD 8.8；49% 为女性）的血清胃蛋白酶原 I 进行了测定。病历审查的重点是 PPI 处方和随访期间的胃镜检查结果。 结果 与没有萎缩性胃炎的患者相比，血清萎缩性胃炎（胃蛋白酶原 I < 28 μg/L）患者的体重指数较高（27.5 vs 26.2 kg/m2；P = 0.007），目前吸烟的可能性较低（8% vs 17%；P = 0.025），幽门螺杆菌血清阳性率较高（57% vs 36%；P < 0.001）。在随访期间（平均 21.4 年，标准差 6.5 年），尽管每千人年平均胃镜检查次数（33 vs 23；P = 0.19）和每年平均处方 PPI 剂量（奥美拉唑当量）（1064 毫克 vs 1046 毫克；P = 0.95）没有差异，但血清学萎缩性胃炎患者在胃镜检查中更常发现萎缩性胃炎或胃息肉（20% vs 8%；P < 0.001）。血清学萎缩性胃炎患者至少被处方一次 PPIs 的几率较低（几率比[95% 置信区间]：0.58 [0.35-0.96]），但至少被转诊胃镜检查一次的几率没有显著差异（1.15 [0.70-1.96]）。 结论 血清学萎缩性胃炎患者获得 PPIs 处方的可能性较低。血清学萎缩性胃炎患者在接受胃镜检查时，胃息肉和萎缩性胃炎的发病率更高。
{"title":"Significance of serological atrophic gastritis on proton pump inhibitor prescriptions and referrals to gastroscopy in the general population","authors":"Tor Persson, Stefan Söderberg, Minkyo Song, Pontus Karling","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to investigate whether individuals with low pepsinogen I levels differed from those with normal pepsinogen I levels in terms of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) use, referral to gastroscopy, and findings on gastroscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Serum pepsinogen I was measured in 518 persons (mean age 51.6, SD 8.8; 49% women). A medical chart review focused on PPI prescriptions and gastroscopic findings in the follow-up period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Patients with serological atrophic gastritis (pepsinogen I < 28 μg/L) had higher body mass index (27.5 <i>vs</i> 26.2 kg/m<sup>2</sup>; <i>P</i> = 0.007), were less likely to be current smokers (8% <i>vs</i> 17%; <i>P</i> = 0.025), and had higher prevalence of <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> seropositivity (57% <i>vs</i> 36%; <i>P</i> < 0.001) compared with those without. During follow-up (mean 21.4 years, SD 6.5 years), the patients with serological atrophic gastritis had more often findings of atrophic gastritis or gastric polyps on gastroscopy (20% <i>vs</i> 8%; <i>P</i> < 0.001), despite no differences in the mean number of gastroscopies per 1000 person-years (33 <i>vs</i> 23; <i>P</i> = 0.19) and the mean prescribed PPI dose (omeprazole equivalents) per year (1064 mg <i>vs</i> 1046 mg; <i>P</i> = 0.95). Persons with serological atrophic gastritis had lower odds of being prescribed PPIs at least once (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 0.58 [0.35–0.96]), but there was no significant difference in the chance of being referred to gastroscopy at least once (1.15 [0.70–1.96]).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Persons with serological atrophic gastritis were less likely to be prescribed PPIs. Persons with serological atrophic gastritis had more often gastric polyps and atrophic gastritis when referred to gastroscopy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142123152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elobixibat is a triple mode of action laxative that increases water secretion into the colon, promotes colonic motility, and reestablishes the defecation desire. This study aims to evaluate the effectivity and safety of elobixibat in chronic constipation (CC) patients refractory to conventional laxatives.
Methods
A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted in refractory CC patients diagnosed according to the Rome IV criteria and received elobixibat between April 2018 and June 2022 at Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital. Data were collected for spontaneous bowel movement (SBM), Bristol stool form scale (BSFS) scores, abdominal symptoms, and adverse events.
Results
Eligible 311 patients were selected for the analysis. Two-week Elobixibat treatment significantly increased SBM (times/week) from 2.9 ± 1.9 to 4.3 ± 1.9 (P < 0.0001). The BSFS score improved significantly from 3.2 ± 1.7 to 4.4 ± 1.4 (P < 0.0001). The percentages of patients with hard stool were decrease and that with normal stools were increase. Improvements in abdominal symptoms (sensation of incomplete bowel evacuation, straining, abdominal pain and distention, and difficulty defecating) were also significant (P < 0.05). These constipation symptoms were improved irrespective of patient characteristics or previous laxatives. The 43.9% of previous laxatives were discontinued at the start of or after starting elobixibat treatment. A few adverse events were observed, elobixibat was well tolerated.
Conclusion
Elobixibat was effective in patients who were refractory to other laxatives, irrespective of previous therapy or patient characteristics. Elobixibat may contribute to resolving polypharmacy with single mode of action laxatives.
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of elobixibat in combination with or switched from conventional treatments of chronic constipation: A retrospective observational study","authors":"Takaaki Eguchi, Osamu Inatomi, Shuhei Shintani, Kenji Momose, Tomoya Sako, Megumi Takagi, Daiki Fumihara, Kazuki Inoue, Norio Katayama, Toshiyuki Morisawa, Takumi Ota, Yoshihisa Tsuji","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elobixibat is a triple mode of action laxative that increases water secretion into the colon, promotes colonic motility, and reestablishes the defecation desire. This study aims to evaluate the effectivity and safety of elobixibat in chronic constipation (CC) patients refractory to conventional laxatives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A single-center retrospective observational study was conducted in refractory CC patients diagnosed according to the Rome IV criteria and received elobixibat between April 2018 and June 2022 at Osaka Saiseikai Nakatsu Hospital. Data were collected for spontaneous bowel movement (SBM), Bristol stool form scale (BSFS) scores, abdominal symptoms, and adverse events.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eligible 311 patients were selected for the analysis. Two-week Elobixibat treatment significantly increased SBM (times/week) from 2.9 ± 1.9 to 4.3 ± 1.9 (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). The BSFS score improved significantly from 3.2 ± 1.7 to 4.4 ± 1.4 (<i>P</i> < 0.0001). The percentages of patients with hard stool were decrease and that with normal stools were increase. Improvements in abdominal symptoms (sensation of incomplete bowel evacuation, straining, abdominal pain and distention, and difficulty defecating) were also significant (<i>P</i> < 0.05). These constipation symptoms were improved irrespective of patient characteristics or previous laxatives. The 43.9% of previous laxatives were discontinued at the start of or after starting elobixibat treatment. A few adverse events were observed, elobixibat was well tolerated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Elobixibat was effective in patients who were refractory to other laxatives, irrespective of previous therapy or patient characteristics. Elobixibat may contribute to resolving polypharmacy with single mode of action laxatives.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142077818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yazan Abboud, Vraj P Shah, Yi Jiang, Navya Pendyala, Kaveh Hajifathalian
Background and Aim
Celiac disease (CD) was shown to be associated with increased risk of developing acute pancreatitis (AP). There is a paucity of literature critically analyzing the association of CD with AP outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact of CD on outcomes and complications of AP in recent years.
Methods
A population-based analysis was performed using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2016 and 2019. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the independent impact of CD on AP outcomes while controlling for demographics and comorbidities and all patients refined diagnosis-related groups (APR-DRG) risk of severity subclass.
Results
From 2016 to 2019, a total of 2 253 730 inpatients with AP were identified, of which 4640 (0.2%) had CD. On multivariable analysis, while controlling for demographics, comorbidities, and severity of illness, CD patients had significantly decreased odds for mortality (OR = 0.387), pseudocyst formation (OR = 0.786), sepsis (OR = 0.707), respiratory failure (OR = 0.806), acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR = 0.804), and myocardial infarction (OR = 0.217), (P < 0.05). However, CD patients were at significantly increased odds for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (OR = 2.240) and hypotensive shock (OR = 1.718) (P < 0.05). Patients with CD had shorter lengths of stay by 0.4 days and lower total charges by $12 690.
Conclusions
Our nationwide study evaluating AP outcomes in patients with CD suggests that patients with CD admitted for AP tend to have better mortality and several other outcomes compared to non-CD patients. We also show that CD patients admitted for AP have a greater risk for DVT and hypotensive shock. Future studies are warranted to validate the revealed findings in CD patients admitted for AP.
背景和目的：研究表明，乳糜泻（CD）与急性胰腺炎（AP）发病风险增加有关。批判性分析 CD 与急性胰腺炎预后相关性的文献极少。我们旨在评估近年来 CD 对急性胰腺炎预后和并发症的影响：我们利用 2016 年至 2019 年间的全国住院患者样本（NIS）进行了一项基于人群的分析。在控制人口统计学、并发症和所有患者细化诊断相关组（APR-DRG）严重性风险亚类的同时，进行了多变量逻辑回归，以确定 CD 对 AP 结局的独立影响：从2016年到2019年，共发现2 253 730名AP住院患者，其中4640人（0.2%）患有CD。经多变量分析，在控制人口统计学、合并症和病情严重程度的情况下，CD 患者的死亡率（OR = 0.387）、假性囊肿形成（OR = 0.786）、脓毒症（OR = 0.707）、呼吸衰竭（OR = 0.806）、急性肾损伤（AKI）（OR = 0.804）和心肌梗死（OR = 0.217）的几率显著降低，（P P 结论：我们在全国范围内对 CD 患者的急性肾功能衰竭预后进行的评估研究表明，与非 CD 患者相比，因急性肾功能衰竭入院的 CD 患者的死亡率和其他几项预后往往更好。我们还发现，因 AP 而入院的 CD 患者发生深静脉血栓和低血压休克的风险更高。今后有必要对因 AP 而入院的 CD 患者进行研究，以验证所揭示的发现。
{"title":"Celiac disease is associated with increased risk of deep vein thrombosis and hypotensive shock in patients admitted with acute pancreatitis","authors":"Yazan Abboud, Vraj P Shah, Yi Jiang, Navya Pendyala, Kaveh Hajifathalian","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Celiac disease (CD) was shown to be associated with increased risk of developing acute pancreatitis (AP). There is a paucity of literature critically analyzing the association of CD with AP outcomes. We aimed to evaluate the impact of CD on outcomes and complications of AP in recent years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A population-based analysis was performed using the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2016 and 2019. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to identify the independent impact of CD on AP outcomes while controlling for demographics and comorbidities and all patients refined diagnosis-related groups (APR-DRG) risk of severity subclass.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>From 2016 to 2019, a total of 2 253 730 inpatients with AP were identified, of which 4640 (0.2%) had CD. On multivariable analysis, while controlling for demographics, comorbidities, and severity of illness, CD patients had significantly decreased odds for mortality (OR = 0.387), pseudocyst formation (OR = 0.786), sepsis (OR = 0.707), respiratory failure (OR = 0.806), acute kidney injury (AKI) (OR = 0.804), and myocardial infarction (OR = 0.217), (<i>P</i> < 0.05). However, CD patients were at significantly increased odds for deep vein thrombosis (DVT) (OR = 2.240) and hypotensive shock (OR = 1.718) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Patients with CD had shorter lengths of stay by 0.4 days and lower total charges by $12 690.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our nationwide study evaluating AP outcomes in patients with CD suggests that patients with CD admitted for AP tend to have better mortality and several other outcomes compared to non-CD patients. We also show that CD patients admitted for AP have a greater risk for DVT and hypotensive shock. Future studies are warranted to validate the revealed findings in CD patients admitted for AP.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11344560/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142056829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chu K Yao, Jessica Fitzpatrick, Priscila Machado, Heidi M Staudacher
Nutritional epidemiological studies have evolved from a focus of single nutrients to diet patterns to capture the protective role of healthy diets on chronic disease development. Similarly, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a healthy diet may be protective against its development in individuals with genetic susceptibility, but the definitions of the optimal diet pattern deserve further exploration. Hence, this review article presents evidence, mainly from prospective cohort studies, for the role of diet quality based on adherence to dietary guidelines, traditional and modern diet patterns in the prevention of IBD. Findings from a limited number of studies on diet quality suggest that high diet quality scores are associated with lower risk of developing Crohn's disease, but the data are inconsistent for ulcerative colitis (UC). There are signals that a Mediterranean diet pattern reduces the risk of Crohn's disease but, again, the data are inconsistent and further studies are much needed. Finally, the evidence is conflicting regarding the role of food additives, with difficulties in the assessment of their intake, namely non-nutritive sweeteners and emulsifiers, precluding accurate assessment of a relationship with IBD risk. In contrast, emerging evidence for a role of ultra-processed food in the development of Crohn's disease but not UC is identified. Given the potential influence of diet quality, a Mediterranean diet and ultra-processed food intake on the risk of Crohn's disease, assessment and implementation of dietary advice for these patients need to be tailored. The search for an optimal diet for UC remains elusive and further research for increasing the evidence in the area is greatly needed.
{"title":"Is there an “optimal” diet for prevention of inflammatory bowel disease?","authors":"Chu K Yao, Jessica Fitzpatrick, Priscila Machado, Heidi M Staudacher","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nutritional epidemiological studies have evolved from a focus of single nutrients to diet patterns to capture the protective role of healthy diets on chronic disease development. Similarly, in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a healthy diet may be protective against its development in individuals with genetic susceptibility, but the definitions of the optimal diet pattern deserve further exploration. Hence, this review article presents evidence, mainly from prospective cohort studies, for the role of diet quality based on adherence to dietary guidelines, traditional and modern diet patterns in the prevention of IBD. Findings from a limited number of studies on diet quality suggest that high diet quality scores are associated with lower risk of developing Crohn's disease, but the data are inconsistent for ulcerative colitis (UC). There are signals that a Mediterranean diet pattern reduces the risk of Crohn's disease but, again, the data are inconsistent and further studies are much needed. Finally, the evidence is conflicting regarding the role of food additives, with difficulties in the assessment of their intake, namely non-nutritive sweeteners and emulsifiers, precluding accurate assessment of a relationship with IBD risk. In contrast, emerging evidence for a role of ultra-processed food in the development of Crohn's disease but not UC is identified. Given the potential influence of diet quality, a Mediterranean diet and ultra-processed food intake on the risk of Crohn's disease, assessment and implementation of dietary advice for these patients need to be tailored. The search for an optimal diet for UC remains elusive and further research for increasing the evidence in the area is greatly needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"8 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142050556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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