Xiao-Lin Wang, Tian Tian, Dan Zhang, Yan-Nan Li, Chang-Zheng Li
Objective
To investigate the association between the incidence of colon polyps and colon cancer and the use of clinical medications, including nifedipine and insulin, thereby providing a scientific basis for the development of chemoprevention strategies for colorectal cancer and for guiding rational clinical drug use.
Method
In a cross-sectional study, we analyzed the clinical data of 2571 eligible patients who underwent colonoscopy in our hospital from 2014 to 2022, aiming to investigate the association between certain commonly used drugs and the incidence of benign and malignant colon polyps.
Results
There were 1197 subjects without polyps and 1374 patients diagnosed with colon polyps, among which 1059 were low-grade adenomatous polyps, 149 were high-grade adenomatous polyps, 120 were inflammatory polyps, and 44 were cancerous polyps.
Statistically significant differences were observed in several clinical parameters across different pathological types of colon polyps and the non-polyp group.
The prevalence of different pathological types of colon polyps across various segments of the colon was generally consistent.
The association between medications and colonic polyps was analyzed as follows:
(1) Significant differences were observed between nifedipine, aspirin, statins, and insulin when comparing the non-polyp group with the adenomatous polyp group (p < 0.05). (2) Significant differences were found between nifedipine, metformin, and insulin when comparing the single benign colonic polyps to multiple polyps (p < 0.05).
Conclusions
The use of nifedipine, insulin, and metformin was associated with an increased risk of developing colonic polyps, whereas statin therapy was linked to a decreased risk.
{"title":"A Clinical Analysis of the Association Between Nifedipine and Insulin Usage and the Increased Incidence of Colonic Polyps","authors":"Xiao-Lin Wang, Tian Tian, Dan Zhang, Yan-Nan Li, Chang-Zheng Li","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70269","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the association between the incidence of colon polyps and colon cancer and the use of clinical medications, including nifedipine and insulin, thereby providing a scientific basis for the development of chemoprevention strategies for colorectal cancer and for guiding rational clinical drug use.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In a cross-sectional study, we analyzed the clinical data of 2571 eligible patients who underwent colonoscopy in our hospital from 2014 to 2022, aiming to investigate the association between certain commonly used drugs and the incidence of benign and malignant colon polyps.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>There were 1197 subjects without polyps and 1374 patients diagnosed with colon polyps, among which 1059 were low-grade adenomatous polyps, 149 were high-grade adenomatous polyps, 120 were inflammatory polyps, and 44 were cancerous polyps.\u0000\u0000 <ol>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Statistically significant differences were observed in several clinical parameters across different pathological types of colon polyps and the non-polyp group.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The prevalence of different pathological types of colon polyps across various segments of the colon was generally consistent.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>The association between medications and colonic polyps was analyzed as follows:</li>\u0000 </ol>\u0000 </div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>(1) Significant differences were observed between nifedipine, aspirin, statins, and insulin when comparing the non-polyp group with the adenomatous polyp group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). (2) Significant differences were found between nifedipine, metformin, and insulin when comparing the single benign colonic polyps to multiple polyps (<i>p</i> < 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The use of nifedipine, insulin, and metformin was associated with an increased risk of developing colonic polyps, whereas statin therapy was linked to a decreased risk.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70269","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145522115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scalvini Davide, Mazza Stefano, Ciccioli Carlo, Cappellini Alessandro, Alfieri Daniele, Bina Niccolò, Mauro Aurelio, Radaelli Franco, Bardone Marco, Anderloni Andrea
Cholangioscopy has improved the management of complex biliary diseases; however, digital single-operator cholangioscopy (DSOC) still faces key limitations, especially in treating intrahepatic disease like hepatolithiasis and strictures, which often require surgery with significant mortality risk. This video case report illustrates the successful endoscopic treatment of an elderly woman with multiple left intrahepatic duct stones and a benign stricture. A next-generation 11-Fr high-definition cholangioscope (VedVision) was employed, offering enhanced imaging, improved maneuverability, and a dual-channel system enabling simultaneous guidewire and lithotripsy probe use. Electrohydraulic lithotripsy achieved complete stone clearance. A balloon-expandable biodegradable stent (UNITY-B), composed of magnesium alloy with polymer coating, was placed across the stricture to reshape it. Subsequent cholangioscopy confirmed correct positioning. This approach highlights a promising, non-surgical strategy for managing benign intrahepatic biliary disease. The biodegradable stent eliminates the need for removal, reducing the need for further interventions. However, long-term data and larger studies are necessary to confirm its safety and efficacy.
{"title":"Electrohydraulic Lithotripsy for Hepatolithiasis With Novel VedVision Cholangioscope and New Biodegradable Stent (UNITY-B) for Intrahepatic Biliary Stricture: A Case Report With Video","authors":"Scalvini Davide, Mazza Stefano, Ciccioli Carlo, Cappellini Alessandro, Alfieri Daniele, Bina Niccolò, Mauro Aurelio, Radaelli Franco, Bardone Marco, Anderloni Andrea","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70286","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70286","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cholangioscopy has improved the management of complex biliary diseases; however, digital single-operator cholangioscopy (DSOC) still faces key limitations, especially in treating intrahepatic disease like hepatolithiasis and strictures, which often require surgery with significant mortality risk. This video case report illustrates the successful endoscopic treatment of an elderly woman with multiple left intrahepatic duct stones and a benign stricture. A next-generation 11-Fr high-definition cholangioscope (VedVision) was employed, offering enhanced imaging, improved maneuverability, and a dual-channel system enabling simultaneous guidewire and lithotripsy probe use. Electrohydraulic lithotripsy achieved complete stone clearance. A balloon-expandable biodegradable stent (UNITY-B), composed of magnesium alloy with polymer coating, was placed across the stricture to reshape it. Subsequent cholangioscopy confirmed correct positioning. This approach highlights a promising, non-surgical strategy for managing benign intrahepatic biliary disease. The biodegradable stent eliminates the need for removal, reducing the need for further interventions. However, long-term data and larger studies are necessary to confirm its safety and efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12606029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145514593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) carries high short-term mortality, but real-world evidence under the Japanese ACLF criteria remains limited. We assessed incidence, clinical profile, outcomes, and prognostic factors at a tertiary center in urban Japan.
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed 363 consecutive hospitalizations of patients with cirrhosis (2014–2022) at a tertiary care center in Japan. ACLF per Japanese criteria was categorized as confirmed (meeting both PT INR/PT activity and bilirubin thresholds) or extended (meeting either biochemical criterion alone). We pre-specified a parsimonious Cox model with age (per 10 years) and MELD-Na (per 5 points); the primary outcome was time to all-cause death within 90 days (administrative censoring at day 90).
Results
ACLF occurred in 40/363 (11.0%) patients (confirmed n = 10, extended n = 30). Frequent precipitants were infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, and alcohol use, often in combination. The 90-day mortality by Kaplan–Meier was 30.5%. Age (per 10 years) was associated with higher 90-day mortality (HR, 2.29; 95% CI 1.31–4.00; p < 0.01), as was Model for End-Stage Liver Disease including sodium (MELD-Na) (per 5 points) (HR, 1.74; 95% CI 1.16–2.63; p < 0.01).
Conclusions
In this Japanese single center cohort, ACLF (per national criteria) was not rare and carried substantial short-term mortality. Age and MELD-Na were dominant prognostic factors, underscoring early trigger control (notably infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, and alcohol cessation) and timely risk stratification in routine care.
背景和目的：急性慢性肝衰竭（ACLF）具有很高的短期死亡率，但在日本ACLF标准下的现实证据仍然有限。我们评估了日本城市三级中心的发病率、临床概况、结局和预后因素。方法：我们回顾性分析了日本某三级保健中心363例连续住院的肝硬化患者（2014-2022年）。根据日本标准，ACLF分为确认型（满足PT INR/PT活性和胆红素阈值）或扩展型（单独满足任一生化标准）。我们预先指定了一个包含年龄（每10年）和MELD-Na（每5个点）的简约Cox模型；主要观察指标为90天内的全因死亡时间（第90天进行行政审查）。结果：363例患者中有40例（11.0%）发生ACLF（确诊n = 10，延长n = 30）。常见的诱发因素是感染、胃肠道出血和饮酒，通常两者同时发生。Kaplan-Meier 90天死亡率为30.5%。年龄（每10年）与较高的90天死亡率相关（HR, 2.29; 95% CI 1.31-4.00; p p）结论：在这个日本单中心队列中，ACLF（按国家标准）并不罕见，并且具有大量的短期死亡率。年龄和MELD-Na是主要的预后因素，强调早期触发控制（特别是感染、胃肠道出血和戒酒）和在常规护理中及时进行风险分层。
{"title":"Incidence and Short-Term Prognosis of Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure Defined by Japanese Criteria: A Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study From Urban Japan","authors":"Hidehiro Kamezaki, Terunao Iwanaga, Takahiro Maeda, Junichi Senoo, Sadahisa Ogasawara, Shingo Nakamoto, Naoya Kato","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70300","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70300","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) carries high short-term mortality, but real-world evidence under the Japanese ACLF criteria remains limited. We assessed incidence, clinical profile, outcomes, and prognostic factors at a tertiary center in urban Japan.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively reviewed 363 consecutive hospitalizations of patients with cirrhosis (2014–2022) at a tertiary care center in Japan. ACLF per Japanese criteria was categorized as confirmed (meeting both PT INR/PT activity and bilirubin thresholds) or extended (meeting either biochemical criterion alone). We pre-specified a parsimonious Cox model with age (per 10 years) and MELD-Na (per 5 points); the primary outcome was time to all-cause death within 90 days (administrative censoring at day 90).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ACLF occurred in 40/363 (11.0%) patients (confirmed <i>n</i> = 10, extended <i>n</i> = 30). Frequent precipitants were infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, and alcohol use, often in combination. The 90-day mortality by Kaplan–Meier was 30.5%. Age (per 10 years) was associated with higher 90-day mortality (HR, 2.29; 95% CI 1.31–4.00; <i>p</i> < 0.01), as was Model for End-Stage Liver Disease including sodium (MELD-Na) (per 5 points) (HR, 1.74; 95% CI 1.16–2.63; <i>p</i> < 0.01).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this Japanese single center cohort, ACLF (per national criteria) was not rare and carried substantial short-term mortality. Age and MELD-Na were dominant prognostic factors, underscoring early trigger control (notably infection, gastrointestinal bleeding, and alcohol cessation) and timely risk stratification in routine care.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy, and prognostic factors of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in patients aged ≥ 75 years.
Methods
We retrospectively collected cases of colorectal ESD performed between January 2008 and December 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: elderly (≥ 75 years) and nonelderly (< 75 years). We compared clinicopathological characteristics, clinical outcomes, overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) between the groups. We also analyzed factors associated with OS in the elderly group.
Results
A total of 523 patients with 548 lesions were enrolled. Among them, 168 patients with 175 lesions were classified as elderly, and 355 patients with 373 lesions were in the nonelderly group. No significant differences were found in en bloc resection, curative resection, or complication rates between the two groups (p = 1.000, 0.703, and 0.583, respectively). The OS of the elderly group was significantly worse (p < 0.001), while DSS did not differ significantly (p = 0.155). A high Charlson comorbidity index and low prognostic nutritional index were associated with poorer OS in the elderly group.
Conclusions
Colorectal ESD is a safe and effective treatment for patients aged ≥ 75 years. Indication for colorectal ESD should be carefully determined based on comorbidities and nutritional status to improve outcomes in this population.
目的：我们旨在评估≥75岁患者内镜下粘膜下剥离（ESD）的安全性、有效性和预后因素。方法：回顾性收集2008年1月至2023年12月间行结肠ESD手术的病例。患者分为两组：老年人（≥75岁）和非老年人(结果：共纳入523例患者，548个病变。其中老年组168例，病变175个，非老年组355例，病变373个。两组在整体切除、治愈性切除或并发症发生率方面无显著差异（p分别为1.000、0.703和0.583）。老年组的OS明显较差（p p = 0.155）。高Charlson合并症指数和低预后营养指数与老年组较差的OS相关。结论：结直肠ESD对于年龄≥75岁的患者是一种安全有效的治疗方法。结直肠ESD的适应症应根据合并症和营养状况仔细确定，以改善该人群的预后。
{"title":"Outcome and Prognostic Factors of Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection in Patients Aged Over 75 Years","authors":"Sota Nakagami, Takaaki Yoshikawa, Satoshi Okawa, Takeshi Mori, Naoya Osuki, Eito Kawaguchi, Mayu Nagae, Kumi Itami, Shinichiro Odo, Momoko Iketani, Sonoka Katsuyama, Kazuki Osawa, Ryo Itou, Kosuke Iwano, Shigeharu Nakano, Shunjiro Azuma, Toshihiro Morita, Kenshiro Hirohashi, Atsushi Yamauchi, Tadayuki Kou, Shujiro Yazumi","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70299","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70299","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy, and prognostic factors of colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) in patients aged ≥ 75 years.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively collected cases of colorectal ESD performed between January 2008 and December 2023. Patients were divided into two groups: elderly (≥ 75 years) and nonelderly (< 75 years). We compared clinicopathological characteristics, clinical outcomes, overall survival (OS), and disease-specific survival (DSS) between the groups. We also analyzed factors associated with OS in the elderly group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 523 patients with 548 lesions were enrolled. Among them, 168 patients with 175 lesions were classified as elderly, and 355 patients with 373 lesions were in the nonelderly group. No significant differences were found in en bloc resection, curative resection, or complication rates between the two groups (<i>p</i> = 1.000, 0.703, and 0.583, respectively). The OS of the elderly group was significantly worse (<i>p</i> < 0.001), while DSS did not differ significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.155). A high Charlson comorbidity index and low prognostic nutritional index were associated with poorer OS in the elderly group.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Colorectal ESD is a safe and effective treatment for patients aged ≥ 75 years. Indication for colorectal ESD should be carefully determined based on comorbidities and nutritional status to improve outcomes in this population.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Imaz Bhatti, Muhammad Safiullah, Azka Ijaz, Qasim Mehmood, Ishmal Fatima Shahid, Zahin Shahriar
Purpose
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) remain the standard treatment option for erosive esophagitis (EE) but have notable limitations due to side effects associated with long-term use. Tegoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid suppressant (P-CAB), may provide an alternative treatment option. In this study, we aim to evaluate the healing rates of EE using tegoprazan versus PPIs, along with their respective safety profiles.
Methods
A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to March 2025. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. Pooled estimates were calculated using random-effects models in Review Manager 5.4.
Results
Three RCTs encompassing a total of 766 patients were included in the analysis. Tegoprazan demonstrated comparable healing rates to PPIs at both 4 weeks (risk ratio [RR] 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99–1.11; p = 0.12) and 8 weeks (RR 1.02; 95% CI: 0.98–1.06; p = 0.35). Subgroup analyses by dose (50 and 100 mg) showed no significant differences. While overall adverse event rates were similar between groups, the incidence of headache was numerically lower in the tegoprazan group (1.3% vs. 4.2%; RR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.08–2.00; p = 0.26), though this difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion
Tegoprazan shows comparable efficacy and safety to standard PPIs for treating EE. While healing rates were slightly higher, particularly with the 100 mg dose, the differences were not statistically significant. Tegoprazan may be a suitable alternative for patients intolerant to PPIs, though larger, long-term, multiethnic studies are warranted to confirm these findings and assess patient-centered outcomes.
目的：质子泵抑制剂（PPIs）仍然是糜烂性食管炎（EE）的标准治疗选择，但由于长期使用相关的副作用，有明显的局限性。替戈拉赞是一种新型的钾竞争性酸抑制剂（P-CAB），可能提供另一种治疗选择。在这项研究中，我们的目标是评估使用替戈拉赞与PPIs的情感表达愈合率，以及它们各自的安全性。方法：综合检索PubMed、Embase和ClinicalTrials.gov网站自成立至2025年3月的文献。使用Cochrane RoB 2.0工具评估偏倚风险。在Review Manager 5.4中使用随机效应模型计算汇总估计。结果：3项随机对照试验共纳入766例患者。替戈拉赞在4周（风险比[RR] 1.05； 95%可信区间[CI]: 0.99-1.11; p = 0.12）和8周（风险比[RR] 1.02; 95% CI: 0.98-1.06; p = 0.35）均表现出与ppi相当的愈合率。按剂量（50和100 mg）进行亚组分析，差异无统计学意义。虽然两组之间的总体不良事件发生率相似，但替戈拉嗪组的头痛发生率在数值上较低（1.3% vs. 4.2%; RR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.08-2.00; p = 0.26），尽管这种差异无统计学意义。结论：替戈拉赞治疗情感表达的疗效和安全性与标准ppi相当。虽然愈合率略高，特别是100毫克的剂量，但差异没有统计学意义。替戈拉赞可能是ppi不耐受患者的合适选择，但需要更大规模、长期、多民族的研究来证实这些发现并评估以患者为中心的结果。
{"title":"Tegoprazan Versus Proton Pump Inhibitors for Erosive Esophagitis: A Meta-Analysis of Noninferiority Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Muhammad Imaz Bhatti, Muhammad Safiullah, Azka Ijaz, Qasim Mehmood, Ishmal Fatima Shahid, Zahin Shahriar","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70298","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70298","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Purpose</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) remain the standard treatment option for erosive esophagitis (EE) but have notable limitations due to side effects associated with long-term use. Tegoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid suppressant (P-CAB), may provide an alternative treatment option. In this study, we aim to evaluate the healing rates of EE using tegoprazan versus PPIs, along with their respective safety profiles.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, and ClinicalTrials.gov from inception to March 2025. Risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane RoB 2.0 tool. Pooled estimates were calculated using random-effects models in Review Manager 5.4.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Three RCTs encompassing a total of 766 patients were included in the analysis. Tegoprazan demonstrated comparable healing rates to PPIs at both 4 weeks (risk ratio [RR] 1.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.99–1.11; <i>p</i> = 0.12) and 8 weeks (RR 1.02; 95% CI: 0.98–1.06; <i>p</i> = 0.35). Subgroup analyses by dose (50 and 100 mg) showed no significant differences. While overall adverse event rates were similar between groups, the incidence of headache was numerically lower in the tegoprazan group (1.3% vs. 4.2%; RR = 0.40; 95% CI: 0.08–2.00; <i>p</i> = 0.26), though this difference was not statistically significant.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tegoprazan shows comparable efficacy and safety to standard PPIs for treating EE. While healing rates were slightly higher, particularly with the 100 mg dose, the differences were not statistically significant. Tegoprazan may be a suitable alternative for patients intolerant to PPIs, though larger, long-term, multiethnic studies are warranted to confirm these findings and assess patient-centered outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602160/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145507583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To investigate the risk factors associated with exposed cardiac glands and their circumferential distribution in the esophagus and to establish a theoretical foundation for the occurrence and progression of these glands.
Methods
Prospectively enrolled patients who underwent gastroscopy in our hospital from December 2023 to March 2024. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were found to have exposed cardiac glands during gastroscopy were included in the exposed cardiac glands group, while those who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria without exposed cardiac glands during endoscopy were included in the control group. The risk factors for exposed cardiac glands were obtained through statistical analysis by comparing various factors between the two groups. The circumferential distribution of exposed cardiac glands in the esophagus was studied by means of a radar map.
Results
Waist circumference, drinking, irritating food, right side sleeping position, calcium antagonists, Helicobacter pylori infection, and gastroesophageal reflux disease were the risk factors for exposed cardiac glands. The exposed cardiac glands usually occur on the lesser curved side and posterior wall of the distal esophagus.
Conclusion
There is a correlation between exposed cardiac glands and gastroesophageal reflux disease, and the prone site of exposed cardiac glands is roughly consistent with the prone site of reflux. Affected by reflux, exposed cardiac glands may coalesce and progress. Waist circumference, drinking, irritating food, right side sleeping position, calcium antagonists, and Helicobacter pylori infection were independent risk factors for exposed cardiac glands.
{"title":"Analysis of Risk Factors and Circumferential Distribution of Exposed Cardiac Glands","authors":"Mingyang Fan, Haiyang Hua, Jingyi Yin, Chunrou Long, Yuan Li, Jianhui Li, Xin Hao","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70241","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To investigate the risk factors associated with exposed cardiac glands and their circumferential distribution in the esophagus and to establish a theoretical foundation for the occurrence and progression of these glands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Prospectively enrolled patients who underwent gastroscopy in our hospital from December 2023 to March 2024. Patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were found to have exposed cardiac glands during gastroscopy were included in the exposed cardiac glands group, while those who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria without exposed cardiac glands during endoscopy were included in the control group. The risk factors for exposed cardiac glands were obtained through statistical analysis by comparing various factors between the two groups. The circumferential distribution of exposed cardiac glands in the esophagus was studied by means of a radar map.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Waist circumference, drinking, irritating food, right side sleeping position, calcium antagonists, <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection, and gastroesophageal reflux disease were the risk factors for exposed cardiac glands. The exposed cardiac glands usually occur on the lesser curved side and posterior wall of the distal esophagus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is a correlation between exposed cardiac glands and gastroesophageal reflux disease, and the prone site of exposed cardiac glands is roughly consistent with the prone site of reflux. Affected by reflux, exposed cardiac glands may coalesce and progress. Waist circumference, drinking, irritating food, right side sleeping position, calcium antagonists, and <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> infection were independent risk factors for exposed cardiac glands.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70241","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145375343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tacrolimus is an effective treatment option for refractory ulcerative colitis; however, some patients still require colectomy due to insufficient response. Early assessment of surgical risk is clinically important, as delayed decision-making may worsen the patient's condition and increase the risk of postoperative complications. This study aimed to identify predictors of colectomy within 3 months of initiating tacrolimus therapy and to develop a clinically applicable prediction model.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective analysis of hospitalized patients with severe ulcerative colitis treated with tacrolimus between 2011 and 2025. Fourteen clinical background variables were evaluated using LASSO-penalized logistic regression with cross-validation to construct the prediction model.
Results
Among 114 patients, 24 (21.1%) underwent colectomy, including 16 (14.0%) within 3 months of treatment initiation. The LASSO regression identified three predictive variables: serum albumin level, hemoglobin level, and age at tacrolimus initiation. The resulting model demonstrated good discriminative performance, with an area under the curve of 0.78. Using a cutoff value of logit(p), the model achieved a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 63.4%. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a significantly higher cumulative colectomy rate in the high-risk group (p < 0.001), supporting the model's predictive utility.
Conclusion
We developed a clinical prediction model that accurately estimates the risk of early colectomy based on baseline clinical factors at the start of tacrolimus therapy. This model may serve as a practical tool to guide decision-making regarding surgical timing and overall treatment strategy.
{"title":"A Clinical Prediction Model for Early Colectomy in Patients With Severe Ulcerative Colitis Treated With Tacrolimus","authors":"Hikaru Shimizu, Kazuki Kakimoto, Mai Utsumi, Suzune Sugishima, Hideaki Mitooka, Noboru Mizuta, Ryosuke Yamaguchi, Masatoshi Kaizuka, Koji Nishida, Keijiro Numa, Naohiko Kinoshita, Kei Nakazawa, Ryoji Koshiba, Yuki Hirata, Takako Miyazaki, Shiro Nakamura, Hiroki Nishikawa","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/jgh3.70297","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background/Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tacrolimus is an effective treatment option for refractory ulcerative colitis; however, some patients still require colectomy due to insufficient response. Early assessment of surgical risk is clinically important, as delayed decision-making may worsen the patient's condition and increase the risk of postoperative complications. This study aimed to identify predictors of colectomy within 3 months of initiating tacrolimus therapy and to develop a clinically applicable prediction model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a retrospective analysis of hospitalized patients with severe ulcerative colitis treated with tacrolimus between 2011 and 2025. Fourteen clinical background variables were evaluated using LASSO-penalized logistic regression with cross-validation to construct the prediction model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Among 114 patients, 24 (21.1%) underwent colectomy, including 16 (14.0%) within 3 months of treatment initiation. The LASSO regression identified three predictive variables: serum albumin level, hemoglobin level, and age at tacrolimus initiation. The resulting model demonstrated good discriminative performance, with an area under the curve of 0.78. Using a cutoff value of logit(<i>p</i>), the model achieved a sensitivity of 87.5% and a specificity of 63.4%. Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed a significantly higher cumulative colectomy rate in the high-risk group (<i>p</i> < 0.001), supporting the model's predictive utility.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a clinical prediction model that accurately estimates the risk of early colectomy based on baseline clinical factors at the start of tacrolimus therapy. This model may serve as a practical tool to guide decision-making regarding surgical timing and overall treatment strategy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jgh3.70297","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145367131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have dramatically improved sustained virological response (SVR) rates in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains even after achieving SVR. We previously reported that alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels at the end of treatment (EOT) were associated with the occurrence of HCC after achieving sustained virologic response (SVR). Here, to improve predictive accuracy by incorporating the Agile 3+ score among 502 patients who received DAA therapy for HCV infection between September 2017 and July 2024, we excluded those who developed HCC within 1 year of treatment and included 337 patients with chronic hepatitis or compensated cirrhosis, who had no prior HCC and underwent transient elastography before treatment. A scoring system was developed by assigning 1 point for Agile 3+ score ≥ 0.9398 and 1 point for EOT-AFP ≥ 3.8 ng/mL. The cumulative HCC incidence was analyzed in relation to the total score. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess independent risk factors. During follow-up, 15 patients (4.5%) developed HCC. Patients with a score of ≥ 1 had a significantly higher HCC risk (p < 0.001). Agile 3-AFP score ≥ 1 (hazard ratio (HR) 12.65, 95% CI 1.38–115.49, p = 0.02) and GGT (HR 1.00, 95% CI 1.00–1.01, p = 0.02) remained independent predictors of HCC occurrence. A simple scoring system combining the pretreatment Agile 3+ score and EOT-AFP levels may be useful for long-term risk stratification of HCC after DAA therapy in HCV-infected patients.
直接作用抗病毒药物（DAAs）显著提高了丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）感染患者的持续病毒学反应（SVR）率。然而，即使达到SVR，发生肝细胞癌（HCC）的风险仍然存在。我们之前报道了治疗结束时（EOT）的甲胎蛋白（AFP）水平与实现持续病毒学应答（SVR）后HCC的发生相关。为了提高预测准确性，在2017年9月至2024年7月期间接受DAA治疗的502例HCV感染患者中纳入Agile 3+评分，我们排除了治疗1年内发生HCC的患者，并纳入了337例慢性肝炎或代偿性肝硬化患者，这些患者既往无HCC，治疗前进行了短暂弹性成像。建立Agile 3+评分≥0.9398分1分，EOT-AFP≥3.8 ng/mL分1分的评分体系。分析累积HCC发生率与总分的关系。采用Cox比例风险模型评估独立危险因素。随访期间，15例（4.5%）发生HCC。评分≥1的患者发生HCC的风险显著增高（p p = 0.02）， GGT （HR 1.00, 95% CI 1.00-1.01, p = 0.02）仍然是HCC发生的独立预测因子。结合预处理Agile 3+评分和EOT-AFP水平的简单评分系统可能有助于hcv感染患者DAA治疗后HCC的长期风险分层。
{"title":"Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy Using Agile 3+ and End-of-Treatment Alpha-Fetoprotein Levels in Patients With Hepatitis C","authors":"Akifumi Kuwano, Masayoshi Yada, Kosuke Tanaka, Taikan Hamomoto, Kazuki Kurosaka, Hideo Suzuki, Kenta Motomura","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70296","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70296","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have dramatically improved sustained virological response (SVR) rates in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains even after achieving SVR. We previously reported that alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels at the end of treatment (EOT) were associated with the occurrence of HCC after achieving sustained virologic response (SVR). Here, to improve predictive accuracy by incorporating the Agile 3+ score among 502 patients who received DAA therapy for HCV infection between September 2017 and July 2024, we excluded those who developed HCC within 1 year of treatment and included 337 patients with chronic hepatitis or compensated cirrhosis, who had no prior HCC and underwent transient elastography before treatment. A scoring system was developed by assigning 1 point for Agile 3+ score ≥ 0.9398 and 1 point for EOT-AFP ≥ 3.8 ng/mL. The cumulative HCC incidence was analyzed in relation to the total score. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess independent risk factors. During follow-up, 15 patients (4.5%) developed HCC. Patients with a score of ≥ 1 had a significantly higher HCC risk (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Agile 3-AFP score ≥ 1 (hazard ratio (HR) 12.65, 95% CI 1.38–115.49, <i>p</i> = 0.02) and GGT (HR 1.00, 95% CI 1.00–1.01, <i>p</i> = 0.02) remained independent predictors of HCC occurrence. A simple scoring system combining the pretreatment Agile 3+ score and EOT-AFP levels may be useful for long-term risk stratification of HCC after DAA therapy in HCV-infected patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12541360/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronic constipation is common in India. Identifying its subtypes is essential not only to treat appropriately but also to improve quality of life.
Aims
To study chronic constipation subtypes and assess their clinical characteristics.
Methods
This was a prospective observational study. All patients above 18 years with chronic constipation (as per ROME IV criteria) meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Their evaluation included colonic transit study, colonoscopy, anorectal manometry & balloon expulsion test and accordingly were classified into subtypes.
Results
The mean age of the patient was 50.60 ± 15.61 years. Normal transit constipation was commonest observed in 64.0%, followed by dyssynergic defecation in 19.9%, slow transit in 14.3% and mixed (slow transit + dyssynergic) in 1.9%. Despite complaining of constipation, 70.2% of patients had 7–14 bowel movements per week, while 2.5% reported > 21 bowel movements per week. Only 3.1% reported bowel movements of less than 3 per week. The typical symptoms are sense of incomplete evacuation reported by 93.8%, straining by 88.8%, anorectal blockage by 13%, and manual evacuation by 14.3%. There was significant association between type of constipation, stool frequency and time spent in the toilet (p-value < 0.001). In patient with dyssynergic defecation there was good correlation between digital rectal examination with manometry and balloon expulsion test (68.5% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity).
Conclusion
A sense of incomplete evacuation and not the number of bowel movements per week is the predominant symptom described by most patients with constipation in India. Chronic constipation should be subclassified into its subtypes for individualized treatment.
{"title":"Study of Types of Pathophysiologic Patterns of Chronic Constipation and Its Correlation With Clinical Features","authors":"Ajay Kumar Jain, Sudhanshu Yadav, Suchita Jain, Shohini Sircar","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70263","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70263","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic constipation is common in India. Identifying its subtypes is essential not only to treat appropriately but also to improve quality of life.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>To study chronic constipation subtypes and assess their clinical characteristics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a prospective observational study. All patients above 18 years with chronic constipation (as per ROME IV criteria) meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria were recruited. Their evaluation included colonic transit study, colonoscopy, anorectal manometry & balloon expulsion test and accordingly were classified into subtypes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The mean age of the patient was 50.60 ± 15.61 years. Normal transit constipation was commonest observed in 64.0%, followed by dyssynergic defecation in 19.9%, slow transit in 14.3% and mixed (slow transit + dyssynergic) in 1.9%. Despite complaining of constipation, 70.2% of patients had 7–14 bowel movements per week, while 2.5% reported > 21 bowel movements per week. Only 3.1% reported bowel movements of less than 3 per week. The typical symptoms are sense of incomplete evacuation reported by 93.8%, straining by 88.8%, anorectal blockage by 13%, and manual evacuation by 14.3%. There was significant association between type of constipation, stool frequency and time spent in the toilet (<i>p</i>-value < 0.001). In patient with dyssynergic defecation there was good correlation between digital rectal examination with manometry and balloon expulsion test (68.5% sensitivity and 96.8% specificity).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A sense of incomplete evacuation and not the number of bowel movements per week is the predominant symptom described by most patients with constipation in India. Chronic constipation should be subclassified into its subtypes for individualized treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12541276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amanda Ferreira Paes Landim Ramos, Silvana Barbosa Santiago, Felipe Augusto de Sousa Moraes, Giovana Alice Sampaio Soares, Gisele Aparecida Fernandes, Maria Paula Curado, Janaina Naiara Germano, Mônica Santiago Barbosa
Background and Aim
Helicobacter pylori is an oncobacteria that infects about half of the world's population and has a well-established role in the etiology of gastric diseases. Lately, this infection has also been associated with extragastric diseases, such as neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, metabolic, hematological, and dermatological comorbidities. Elucidating risk factors for comorbidities can contribute to reducing mortality and public health costs. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the association between H. pylori infection and extragastric comorbidities.
Materials and Methods
This is a cross-sectional hospital-based case–control study that was conducted in Goiás from 2019 to 2022. The study patients were classified into H. pylori-negative and H. pylori-positive groups.
Results
A total of 156 participants were included in the study, and the prevalence of the bacteria was 45.5%. In the H. pylori-positive group, the most frequent diseases were hypertension, anemia, rheumatic disease, and diabetes. The presence of comorbidities was similar between the groups, with the exception of psychiatric illnesses. The male patients were more likely to be infected with H. pylori (odds ratios [ORs] = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.26–5.50), while the H. pylori-positive group was less likely to have psychiatric illnesses (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11–0.92).
Conclusion
The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 45.5%, and males were more likely to be infected by the bacteria. The most frequent comorbidities in the H. pylori-positive group were hypertension, anemia, rheumatic disease, and diabetes. H. pylori-negative patients were more likely to have psychiatric illnesses.
{"title":"Systemic Impact of Helicobacter pylori: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Amanda Ferreira Paes Landim Ramos, Silvana Barbosa Santiago, Felipe Augusto de Sousa Moraes, Giovana Alice Sampaio Soares, Gisele Aparecida Fernandes, Maria Paula Curado, Janaina Naiara Germano, Mônica Santiago Barbosa","doi":"10.1002/jgh3.70169","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jgh3.70169","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> is an oncobacteria that infects about half of the world's population and has a well-established role in the etiology of gastric diseases. Lately, this infection has also been associated with extragastric diseases, such as neuropsychiatric, cardiovascular, metabolic, hematological, and dermatological comorbidities. Elucidating risk factors for comorbidities can contribute to reducing mortality and public health costs. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the association between <i>H. pylori</i> infection and extragastric comorbidities.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a cross-sectional hospital-based case–control study that was conducted in Goiás from 2019 to 2022. The study patients were classified into <i>H. pylori</i>-negative and <i>H. pylori</i>-positive groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 156 participants were included in the study, and the prevalence of the bacteria was 45.5%. In the <i>H. pylori</i>-positive group, the most frequent diseases were hypertension, anemia, rheumatic disease, and diabetes. The presence of comorbidities was similar between the groups, with the exception of psychiatric illnesses. The male patients were more likely to be infected with <i>H. pylori</i> (odds ratios [ORs] = 2.63, 95% CI: 1.26–5.50), while the <i>H. pylori</i>-positive group was less likely to have psychiatric illnesses (OR = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.11–0.92).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The prevalence of <i>H. pylori</i> infection was 45.5%, and males were more likely to be infected by the bacteria. The most frequent comorbidities in the <i>H. pylori</i>-positive group were hypertension, anemia, rheumatic disease, and diabetes. <i>H. pylori</i>-negative patients were more likely to have psychiatric illnesses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":45861,"journal":{"name":"JGH Open","volume":"9 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12538308/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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