Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2253513
Zachery Sneed, Regina B. Baronia
We conclude the 41 volume of our journal with a good selection of interesting and useful studies, reports and works. The final issue for this volume highlights studies on providers and special populations in treatment and recovery. Belus and colleagues present their findings from a clinical trial with a focus on how sexual or gender minority (SGM) status may influence treatment outcomes. These researchers examined an abstinence-focused mixed inpatient-outpatient substance use treatment program within a predominantly unemployed population of African Americans who were living with HIV. The research presents findings on substance use/reuse rates. The identified rates among individuals with a sexual or gender minority (SGM) status differed in that there was an increased risk of reuse among SGM individuals. Bobak presents a brief report, via program evaluation methodology, on an educational workshop completed in a recovery home. In particular, this workshop was focused on encouraging the use of medication-assisted treatments (MATs) and NARCAN to prevent and reduce opioid overdoses. Information is presented on participant abilities to identify an opioid overdose and take steps to reverse it. This report provides an example of a community-based organization implementing a novel program, subjecting it to research and focusing on quality enhancement. Ricciutti reports on an interesting study exploring the effect of stigma among mental health and chemical dependency counselors toward individuals treated for SUD, and found a range of participants in both professions holding stigma toward this client population. This showed a need to understand the predictors of stigma and how it may impact the quality of treatment provided. Next, Thorkildsen and peers report on an online survey that used scenarios to assess recovery perceptions and positive-risk taking approaches among mental health support workers. This group of workers treat clients with co-occurring disorders of mental illness and substance use. The authors found an overemphasis on topics and techniques common to the field including aversive and paternalistic strategies. The researchers asserted that recovery-oriented practices need a more thorough and authentic implementation within mental health settings. Namgyal Bhutia reported on the prevalence of substance use disorder in an Indian city. The authors noted a considerable number of deaths associated with substance use and a high percentage of respondents identified the impact of substances on their own communities. Concepts around stigma, acknowledgment, and increasing awareness within the community are presented. Hatch and colleagues offered a perspective on the use of Alcohol Severity Index (ASI) among incarcerated populations and noted several shortcomings in the assessment, including validity, time of assessment, and window of detection. The authors also advocate for improving assessment within the prison population with a focus on enhancing treat
{"title":"Current and Emerging Research for Alcohol and Substance Treatment","authors":"Zachery Sneed, Regina B. Baronia","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2253513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2253513","url":null,"abstract":"We conclude the 41 volume of our journal with a good selection of interesting and useful studies, reports and works. The final issue for this volume highlights studies on providers and special populations in treatment and recovery. Belus and colleagues present their findings from a clinical trial with a focus on how sexual or gender minority (SGM) status may influence treatment outcomes. These researchers examined an abstinence-focused mixed inpatient-outpatient substance use treatment program within a predominantly unemployed population of African Americans who were living with HIV. The research presents findings on substance use/reuse rates. The identified rates among individuals with a sexual or gender minority (SGM) status differed in that there was an increased risk of reuse among SGM individuals. Bobak presents a brief report, via program evaluation methodology, on an educational workshop completed in a recovery home. In particular, this workshop was focused on encouraging the use of medication-assisted treatments (MATs) and NARCAN to prevent and reduce opioid overdoses. Information is presented on participant abilities to identify an opioid overdose and take steps to reverse it. This report provides an example of a community-based organization implementing a novel program, subjecting it to research and focusing on quality enhancement. Ricciutti reports on an interesting study exploring the effect of stigma among mental health and chemical dependency counselors toward individuals treated for SUD, and found a range of participants in both professions holding stigma toward this client population. This showed a need to understand the predictors of stigma and how it may impact the quality of treatment provided. Next, Thorkildsen and peers report on an online survey that used scenarios to assess recovery perceptions and positive-risk taking approaches among mental health support workers. This group of workers treat clients with co-occurring disorders of mental illness and substance use. The authors found an overemphasis on topics and techniques common to the field including aversive and paternalistic strategies. The researchers asserted that recovery-oriented practices need a more thorough and authentic implementation within mental health settings. Namgyal Bhutia reported on the prevalence of substance use disorder in an Indian city. The authors noted a considerable number of deaths associated with substance use and a high percentage of respondents identified the impact of substances on their own communities. Concepts around stigma, acknowledgment, and increasing awareness within the community are presented. Hatch and colleagues offered a perspective on the use of Alcohol Severity Index (ASI) among incarcerated populations and noted several shortcomings in the assessment, including validity, time of assessment, and window of detection. The authors also advocate for improving assessment within the prison population with a focus on enhancing treat","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"371 - 372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48819602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2251910
M. McCool
ABSTRACT More research is needed on the effects of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) skills on alcohol use. Even less is known about how the use of DBT skills affects drinking in the daily lives of individuals receiving treatment. The present study aims to examine the effects of DBT skills on daily quantity of drinks consumed using DBT diary cards. Forty-eight participants were recruited from a partial hospitalization program. DBT skill domains and daily quantity of drinks consumed were measured using the program’s DBT diary card. Multilevel modeling procedures were used to examine the effects of each DBT skills domain and total DBT skills used on the same and next-day quantity of drinks consumed when controlling for age and length of stay. Previous-day mindfulness skills were the only predictor to achieve significance when applying a p-value correction. Prior to a p-value correction same-day emotion regulation and distress tolerance skills were associated with decreases in drinking. Individual DBT skills may be associated with decreases in drinking behaviors and more research is needed to examine them as mechanisms of behavior change.
{"title":"Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Affecting Drinking in Daily Life","authors":"M. McCool","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2251910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2251910","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT More research is needed on the effects of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) skills on alcohol use. Even less is known about how the use of DBT skills affects drinking in the daily lives of individuals receiving treatment. The present study aims to examine the effects of DBT skills on daily quantity of drinks consumed using DBT diary cards. Forty-eight participants were recruited from a partial hospitalization program. DBT skill domains and daily quantity of drinks consumed were measured using the program’s DBT diary card. Multilevel modeling procedures were used to examine the effects of each DBT skills domain and total DBT skills used on the same and next-day quantity of drinks consumed when controlling for age and length of stay. Previous-day mindfulness skills were the only predictor to achieve significance when applying a p-value correction. Prior to a p-value correction same-day emotion regulation and distress tolerance skills were associated with decreases in drinking. Individual DBT skills may be associated with decreases in drinking behaviors and more research is needed to examine them as mechanisms of behavior change.","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"504 - 517"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41877187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2248924
Shelby M. Hatch, Z. Nichols, Eugene W. Wang
ABSTRACT Despite significant social efforts to reduce substance-related imprisonment, the United States prison population continues to have high percentages of individuals who suffer from substance use disorders. This already marginalized group continues to make up substantial portions of the incarcerated population. This perspective paper overviews the Alcohol Severity Index (ASI) and its use within incarcerated populations. It highlights several shortcomings of the assessment, including validity, time of the assessment, the window of detection, and individual inmate consequences due to high assessment scores. In addition, it advocates for change within the assessment process of substance use disorders within the prison population that would navigate toward better outcomes for both inmates and the prison system.
{"title":"A Perspective on Using the Addiction Severity Index in Prison Populations","authors":"Shelby M. Hatch, Z. Nichols, Eugene W. Wang","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2248924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2248924","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite significant social efforts to reduce substance-related imprisonment, the United States prison population continues to have high percentages of individuals who suffer from substance use disorders. This already marginalized group continues to make up substantial portions of the incarcerated population. This perspective paper overviews the Alcohol Severity Index (ASI) and its use within incarcerated populations. It highlights several shortcomings of the assessment, including validity, time of the assessment, the window of detection, and individual inmate consequences due to high assessment scores. In addition, it advocates for change within the assessment process of substance use disorders within the prison population that would navigate toward better outcomes for both inmates and the prison system.","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"442 - 455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46433469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-23DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2244450
Yeshey Namgyal Bhutia
ABSTRACT The study investigates the prevalence of substance use disorder and role of institutions in preventing it in Gangtok, a capital city of the northern Indian state of Sikkim. A survey of 816 respondents was undertaken using a short and easy-to-understand questionnaire. Results reveal that 64% of respondents identified persons with harmful drug use in their immediate families or in their neighborhoods and nearly same percentage of people conceal the actual cause of death in cases where death occurred due to drug overuse. The paper uncovers that cases of substance use disorder have increased and a considerable number of people are reported dying due to it, but families often hide the actual cause of death. The role of institutions is found to be limited in preventing it, as the process of knowledge transmission among families and patients with heavy drug use is abysmally slow. The study argues to empowering society with a potential tool, that is, knowledge transmission, and enabling them to devise meaningful tools to tackle rising cases of substance use disorder.
{"title":"Multidimensional Nature of Substance Use Disorder: Explorations in Gangtok","authors":"Yeshey Namgyal Bhutia","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2244450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2244450","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study investigates the prevalence of substance use disorder and role of institutions in preventing it in Gangtok, a capital city of the northern Indian state of Sikkim. A survey of 816 respondents was undertaken using a short and easy-to-understand questionnaire. Results reveal that 64% of respondents identified persons with harmful drug use in their immediate families or in their neighborhoods and nearly same percentage of people conceal the actual cause of death in cases where death occurred due to drug overuse. The paper uncovers that cases of substance use disorder have increased and a considerable number of people are reported dying due to it, but families often hide the actual cause of death. The role of institutions is found to be limited in preventing it, as the process of knowledge transmission among families and patients with heavy drug use is abysmally slow. The study argues to empowering society with a potential tool, that is, knowledge transmission, and enabling them to devise meaningful tools to tackle rising cases of substance use disorder.","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"432 - 441"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44102913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2248907
Ted J. Bobak, Noor Arjmand, Connor O’Brien, Mohammed F. Islam, L. Jason
ABSTRACT This brief report describes the first time a recovery home organization has both developed and evaluated an educational workshop aimed at encouraging the use of medication-assisted treatments (MATs) and NARCAN (naloxone) to prevent/reduce opioid overdoses. The one-hour program involving the use, misuse, and recovery potential of MATs and the opioid overdose reversal properties of NARCAN occurred for Oxford House residents who participated in 2019 (N = 522) and in 2021 (N = 887). Post-intervention ratings indicated that resident ratings indicated that recovery home residents acknowledged that they were able to recognize and reverse an opioid overdose, properly administer naloxone, and potentially save the life of someone who is overdosing on opioids. The findings suggest that this program might be effectively administered in recovery homes, and future studies will need to determine if the program is able to change attitudes and behaviors of residents.
{"title":"A Pilot Program Focusing on Perceptions and Acceptance of an Intervention on Medication-Assisted Treatments for Recovery Home Residents","authors":"Ted J. Bobak, Noor Arjmand, Connor O’Brien, Mohammed F. Islam, L. Jason","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2248907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2248907","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This brief report describes the first time a recovery home organization has both developed and evaluated an educational workshop aimed at encouraging the use of medication-assisted treatments (MATs) and NARCAN (naloxone) to prevent/reduce opioid overdoses. The one-hour program involving the use, misuse, and recovery potential of MATs and the opioid overdose reversal properties of NARCAN occurred for Oxford House residents who participated in 2019 (N = 522) and in 2021 (N = 887). Post-intervention ratings indicated that resident ratings indicated that recovery home residents acknowledged that they were able to recognize and reverse an opioid overdose, properly administer naloxone, and potentially save the life of someone who is overdosing on opioids. The findings suggest that this program might be effectively administered in recovery homes, and future studies will need to determine if the program is able to change attitudes and behaviors of residents.","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"386 - 393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49580976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-13DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2246405
Natalie M. Ricciutti
ABSTRACT This study explored the degree to which counselors stigmatize individuals being treated for a SUD, and if specific characteristics predict stigma. Participants included 146 mental health counselors and chemical dependency counselors. A range of 15% to 26% of participants in both professions were found to hold stigma toward clients with SUDs, and all of the characteristics were found to have a proportion of variance ranging from .025 to .04 (or 2.5% to 4.0%). The results from this study warrant a need to explore predictors of stigma. Implications and recommendations to decrease stigma and improve the quality addiction treatment are provided.
{"title":"Mental Health and Chemical Dependency Counselors’ Stigma Toward Clients with Substance Use Disorders: Predictors of Stigma and Implications for Clinicians and Educators","authors":"Natalie M. Ricciutti","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2246405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2246405","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study explored the degree to which counselors stigmatize individuals being treated for a SUD, and if specific characteristics predict stigma. Participants included 146 mental health counselors and chemical dependency counselors. A range of 15% to 26% of participants in both professions were found to hold stigma toward clients with SUDs, and all of the characteristics were found to have a proportion of variance ranging from .025 to .04 (or 2.5% to 4.0%). The results from this study warrant a need to explore predictors of stigma. Implications and recommendations to decrease stigma and improve the quality addiction treatment are provided.","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"394 - 407"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42381310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-05DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2243233
D. Schroeder, Evans H. Spears
{"title":"Group Psychotherapy with Addicted Populations: An Integration of Theory and Practice, 4th Edition","authors":"D. Schroeder, Evans H. Spears","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2243233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2243233","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"518 - 519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44879568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-05DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2244895
Shahnawaz Ahmad, Atiq Ahmed
ABSTRACT This study examines the factors contributing to early-age alcohol initiation among adolescents, focusing on the Indian context. The research is based on qualitative data collected in a senior secondary school and analyzes adolescents’ attitudes, situations, and experiences when making decisions related to alcohol initiation. The study found that adolescents are influenced by various factors such as parental alcohol consumption, availability of leftover drinks, family environment, parenting approach, and peer pressure, which collectively contribute to their inclination toward alcohol. The findings suggest that curiosity and expectancy play significant roles in alcohol-related choices, and peers strongly influence adolescents for alcohol initiation. Familial factors, including parental relationship, conflict and family dynamics, also contribute to adolescents’ alcohol-related decisions. The study highlights the importance of understanding these factors to effectively address the issue and mitigate the associated risks and consequences.
{"title":"Factors Influencing Alcohol Expectancies and Initiation Among Adolescents: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Shahnawaz Ahmad, Atiq Ahmed","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2244895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2244895","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study examines the factors contributing to early-age alcohol initiation among adolescents, focusing on the Indian context. The research is based on qualitative data collected in a senior secondary school and analyzes adolescents’ attitudes, situations, and experiences when making decisions related to alcohol initiation. The study found that adolescents are influenced by various factors such as parental alcohol consumption, availability of leftover drinks, family environment, parenting approach, and peer pressure, which collectively contribute to their inclination toward alcohol. The findings suggest that curiosity and expectancy play significant roles in alcohol-related choices, and peers strongly influence adolescents for alcohol initiation. Familial factors, including parental relationship, conflict and family dynamics, also contribute to adolescents’ alcohol-related decisions. The study highlights the importance of understanding these factors to effectively address the issue and mitigate the associated risks and consequences.","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"456 - 461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47093639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-01DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2243237
P Dayal, G Kaloiya, R Verma, N Kumar
ABSTRACTIndividuals with alcohol dependence often experience cognitive dysfunction after detoxification, which can persist even after sustained abstinence. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown promise in improving cognitive functioning in these patients. The main objective of this research was to assess the impact of ten sessions of transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on the neuropsychological functioning of hospitalized individuals with alcohol dependence who have undergone detoxification. This single-center, parallel, and single-blind randomized controlled trial assessed the effects of ten sessions of add-on tDCS treatment on neuropsychological functions. 44 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent inpatients were randomly assigned to either treatment as usual (TAU) plus ten sessions of active tDCS over left DLPFC, or TAU plus ten sessions of sham tDCS and assessed the effect of tDCS sessions and time on neuropsychological functions. Neuropsychological functions were evaluated in inpatients undergoing treatment for alcohol dependence at T1 (9.95 + 2.42 days abstinence) and T2 (19 ± 1.48 days abstinence), and while time had a significant impact on mean scores of various neuropsychological tests, neither active tDCS treatment nor its interaction with time displayed a significant effect on neuropsychological functioning, as revealed by two-way ANOVAs with repeated measurements. In detoxified inpatients with alcohol dependence, tDCS treatment was not found to have a significant impact on neuropsychological functioning when compared to sham treatment, whereas abstinence from alcohol for approximately three weeks resulted in significant improvements in various cognitive domains including mental speed, verbal learning & memory, visual memory, verbal fluency, and response inhibition.KEYWORDS: Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS)dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)verbal learning & memoryresponse inhibitionverbal fluencyalcohol dependence AcknowledgmentsWithout the efforts and willingness of our patients & their families to participate in the study protocol, this work would not have been a possibility. Thereby, we wish to extend our gratitude to the patients & their family members along with the medical staff at NDDTC, AIIMS indulged in delivering patient-care-related services and proved to be a helping hand.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).CRediT authorship contribution statementAll authors commented on and contributed to the final draft. All authors approved the final version for submission.Additional informationFundingThis study was supported by grants from the Cognitive Science Research Initiative (CSRI, Department of Sciences and Technology (DST/CSRI/2017/149), Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, and by the use of relevant resources and facilities available at the National Drug Dependen
{"title":"Effects of Transcranial Direct-Current Stimulation (tDCS) Treatment Sessions on Neuropsychological Functioning Among Detoxified Inpatients with Alcohol Dependence: A Randomized Sham-Controlled Clinical Trial","authors":"P Dayal, G Kaloiya, R Verma, N Kumar","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2243237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2243237","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTIndividuals with alcohol dependence often experience cognitive dysfunction after detoxification, which can persist even after sustained abstinence. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has shown promise in improving cognitive functioning in these patients. The main objective of this research was to assess the impact of ten sessions of transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS) targeting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) on the neuropsychological functioning of hospitalized individuals with alcohol dependence who have undergone detoxification. This single-center, parallel, and single-blind randomized controlled trial assessed the effects of ten sessions of add-on tDCS treatment on neuropsychological functions. 44 recently detoxified alcohol-dependent inpatients were randomly assigned to either treatment as usual (TAU) plus ten sessions of active tDCS over left DLPFC, or TAU plus ten sessions of sham tDCS and assessed the effect of tDCS sessions and time on neuropsychological functions. Neuropsychological functions were evaluated in inpatients undergoing treatment for alcohol dependence at T1 (9.95 + 2.42 days abstinence) and T2 (19 ± 1.48 days abstinence), and while time had a significant impact on mean scores of various neuropsychological tests, neither active tDCS treatment nor its interaction with time displayed a significant effect on neuropsychological functioning, as revealed by two-way ANOVAs with repeated measurements. In detoxified inpatients with alcohol dependence, tDCS treatment was not found to have a significant impact on neuropsychological functioning when compared to sham treatment, whereas abstinence from alcohol for approximately three weeks resulted in significant improvements in various cognitive domains including mental speed, verbal learning & memory, visual memory, verbal fluency, and response inhibition.KEYWORDS: Transcranial direct-current stimulation (tDCS)dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)verbal learning & memoryresponse inhibitionverbal fluencyalcohol dependence AcknowledgmentsWithout the efforts and willingness of our patients & their families to participate in the study protocol, this work would not have been a possibility. Thereby, we wish to extend our gratitude to the patients & their family members along with the medical staff at NDDTC, AIIMS indulged in delivering patient-care-related services and proved to be a helping hand.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).CRediT authorship contribution statementAll authors commented on and contributed to the final draft. All authors approved the final version for submission.Additional informationFundingThis study was supported by grants from the Cognitive Science Research Initiative (CSRI, Department of Sciences and Technology (DST/CSRI/2017/149), Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, and by the use of relevant resources and facilities available at the National Drug Dependen","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136020591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-29DOI: 10.1080/07347324.2023.2234307
Elin Thorkildsen, Bev John, G. Roderique-Davies
ABSTRACT Twenty-nine mental health support workers took part in an online-survey consisting of a vignette and scenarios to elicit information regarding their recovery perceptions and positive-risk taking approaches related to service-users with dual-diagnoses of mental illness and substance use disorder. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze the survey-responses. Although the participants emphasized some aspects aligning with the recommended “recovery-oriented practice” approach, there was an overemphasis on reduced substance-use, aversive and overprotective approaches to positive risk-taking and a lack of emphasis on hope and the service-users’ strengths and abilities. It was concluded that there is a continuing need to implement recovery-oriented practice within mental health services.
{"title":"Mental Health Support Workers Recovery Perceptions and Positive Risk-Taking Approaches Related to Service-Users with a Dual Diagnosis","authors":"Elin Thorkildsen, Bev John, G. Roderique-Davies","doi":"10.1080/07347324.2023.2234307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07347324.2023.2234307","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Twenty-nine mental health support workers took part in an online-survey consisting of a vignette and scenarios to elicit information regarding their recovery perceptions and positive-risk taking approaches related to service-users with dual-diagnoses of mental illness and substance use disorder. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze the survey-responses. Although the participants emphasized some aspects aligning with the recommended “recovery-oriented practice” approach, there was an overemphasis on reduced substance-use, aversive and overprotective approaches to positive risk-taking and a lack of emphasis on hope and the service-users’ strengths and abilities. It was concluded that there is a continuing need to implement recovery-oriented practice within mental health services.","PeriodicalId":45949,"journal":{"name":"Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly","volume":"41 1","pages":"408 - 431"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41353311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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