Pub Date : 2021-10-07DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1986254
Siow-Li Lai
ABSTRACT Following the launch of family planning programs in the 1960s and 1970s, there has been a divergence in fertility transition across Muslim countries. Bangladesh and Pakistan provide an interesting contrast in the pace of fertility transition. Typical of the Muslim world, both countries had a high fertility level of around 6.6 children per woman in the middle of the twentieth century. While the fertility level in Bangladesh had declined to replacement level by 2016, Pakistan’s fertility rate remained well above that level, at 3.5 children per woman. Drawing on data from multiple waves of the Demographic and Health Surveys to run bivariate analyses and negative binomial regression, the paper examines the determinants of fertility differentials within and across the two countries. Pakistani women had more children than Bangladeshi women across all socio-economic variables. Differences in socio-economic conditions, cultural practices such as childbearing norms, and access to family planning between the two countries are plausible reasons for the fertility variations. The paper concludes with implications of fertility differentials in developing countries, and some recommendations on strategies to enhance planned parenthood in high fertility countries.
{"title":"Fertility differentials in Bangladesh and Pakistan: evidence from demographic and health surveys","authors":"Siow-Li Lai","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1986254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1986254","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Following the launch of family planning programs in the 1960s and 1970s, there has been a divergence in fertility transition across Muslim countries. Bangladesh and Pakistan provide an interesting contrast in the pace of fertility transition. Typical of the Muslim world, both countries had a high fertility level of around 6.6 children per woman in the middle of the twentieth century. While the fertility level in Bangladesh had declined to replacement level by 2016, Pakistan’s fertility rate remained well above that level, at 3.5 children per woman. Drawing on data from multiple waves of the Demographic and Health Surveys to run bivariate analyses and negative binomial regression, the paper examines the determinants of fertility differentials within and across the two countries. Pakistani women had more children than Bangladeshi women across all socio-economic variables. Differences in socio-economic conditions, cultural practices such as childbearing norms, and access to family planning between the two countries are plausible reasons for the fertility variations. The paper concludes with implications of fertility differentials in developing countries, and some recommendations on strategies to enhance planned parenthood in high fertility countries.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43956993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-06DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1986253
Haeil Jung, Miyeun Jung
ABSTRACT This study estimates the impact of women’s college education on their fertility-related outcomes by taking advantage of a natural experiment known as the graduation quota program that massively expanded women’s opportunities to attend college in South Korea. After the 1979 military coup, the military regime in South Korea ordered all public and private colleges to expand their college admission levels by 30 per cent in 1981 and 50 per cent in 1982. This study implemented instrumental variable (IV) analysis using the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (KLoWF). Specifically, our IV analysis uses the birth cohorts that were differently exposed to this sudden and exogenous policy change as an instrumental variable to identify the longer-term effects of college education on women’s fertility-related outcomes. It is found that college education caused those women who were induced to attend college by the graduation quota program to have fewer children. Furthermore, this study finds that this impact can be partially explained by women being less likely to get married.
{"title":"The impact of college education on women’s fertility: evidence from a natural experiment in South Korea","authors":"Haeil Jung, Miyeun Jung","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1986253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1986253","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study estimates the impact of women’s college education on their fertility-related outcomes by taking advantage of a natural experiment known as the graduation quota program that massively expanded women’s opportunities to attend college in South Korea. After the 1979 military coup, the military regime in South Korea ordered all public and private colleges to expand their college admission levels by 30 per cent in 1981 and 50 per cent in 1982. This study implemented instrumental variable (IV) analysis using the Korean Longitudinal Survey of Women and Families (KLoWF). Specifically, our IV analysis uses the birth cohorts that were differently exposed to this sudden and exogenous policy change as an instrumental variable to identify the longer-term effects of college education on women’s fertility-related outcomes. It is found that college education caused those women who were induced to attend college by the graduation quota program to have fewer children. Furthermore, this study finds that this impact can be partially explained by women being less likely to get married.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42537625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1984035
Stuart A. Gietel-Basten, G. Verropoulou
ABSTRACT Births outside of marriage are comparatively rare in East Asia, but numbers appear to be rising. Such fertility tends to be concentrated among lower educational and socioeconomic groups which can entrench pre-existing inequalities in systems where such ‘non-traditional' family forms are penalised. Most research in this area, however, has focused on the relationship between marriage and first birth. Using a large microdataset from Hong Kong, we explore the relationship between marriage and childbearing across the life-course. In particular, we examine the frequency of marriage between parities, and the various predictors of marrying (or not). Rather than ‘life-long’ cohabiters, we find roughly half of all couples who have a first birth outside of marriage do, in fact, marry before having their second child. The study concludes with some exploratory reasons for the apparently strong continuation of the relationship between marriage and childbearing in Hong Kong and in East Asia more generally.
{"title":"(Un)married with children? Exploring marriage between parities in Hong Kong","authors":"Stuart A. Gietel-Basten, G. Verropoulou","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1984035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1984035","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Births outside of marriage are comparatively rare in East Asia, but numbers appear to be rising. Such fertility tends to be concentrated among lower educational and socioeconomic groups which can entrench pre-existing inequalities in systems where such ‘non-traditional' family forms are penalised. Most research in this area, however, has focused on the relationship between marriage and first birth. Using a large microdataset from Hong Kong, we explore the relationship between marriage and childbearing across the life-course. In particular, we examine the frequency of marriage between parities, and the various predictors of marrying (or not). Rather than ‘life-long’ cohabiters, we find roughly half of all couples who have a first birth outside of marriage do, in fact, marry before having their second child. The study concludes with some exploratory reasons for the apparently strong continuation of the relationship between marriage and childbearing in Hong Kong and in East Asia more generally.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44905357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-20DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1955444
Huoyun Zhu, A. Walker
ABSTRACT As the country with the largest population of older people, while still being a developing one, China is confronted with huge challenges in seeking an optimum response, which is high on the agenda of policy makers in Beijing. This paper makes the case for a radical new strategy on ageing which substitutes an ageing-oriented paradigm for the previous passive, instrumental and economistic ones. We first present an overview of the trend of Chinese population ageing, compared with already aged societies, followed by a summary of its impacts on the social welfare system associated with old age. Then we outline an alternative WHO influenced policy paradigm, active ageing, focusing on health, participation and security. In the light of this new approach, more active policies on ageing are called for, which are rooted in a comprehensive understanding of population trends, draw on international experience and conform to Chinese conditions and traditions.
{"title":"Why China needs an active social policy on ageing","authors":"Huoyun Zhu, A. Walker","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1955444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1955444","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT As the country with the largest population of older people, while still being a developing one, China is confronted with huge challenges in seeking an optimum response, which is high on the agenda of policy makers in Beijing. This paper makes the case for a radical new strategy on ageing which substitutes an ageing-oriented paradigm for the previous passive, instrumental and economistic ones. We first present an overview of the trend of Chinese population ageing, compared with already aged societies, followed by a summary of its impacts on the social welfare system associated with old age. Then we outline an alternative WHO influenced policy paradigm, active ageing, focusing on health, participation and security. In the light of this new approach, more active policies on ageing are called for, which are rooted in a comprehensive understanding of population trends, draw on international experience and conform to Chinese conditions and traditions.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1955444","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47811537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-16DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1953689
T. Wilson, Jeromey B. Temple, Bianca Brijnath, Ariane J. Utomo, P. McDonald
ABSTRACT Until the 1970s the Asia-born population of Australia remained small due to the racist White Australia Policy which denied entry to non-Europeans. Following its abolition in the early 1970s, Asian immigration progressively intensified, and in 2016 the Asia-born population of the country reached a total of 2.7 million, though the older population aged 65+ remained relatively small. This paper presents new projections of Australia's older Asia-born populations from 2016 to 2056 created with a new birthplace projection model. The results show substantial growth of the older Asia-born population can be expected over coming decades, along with changing composition by country of birth. The Asia-born proportion of Australia's older population overall is projected to rise from just 6 per cent in 2016 to 19 per cent in 2056. These coming demographic changes present challenges and opportunities - in particular relating to the provision of culturally appropriate residential and community aged care.
{"title":"The ageing of Asian migrant populations in Australia: projections and implications for aged care services","authors":"T. Wilson, Jeromey B. Temple, Bianca Brijnath, Ariane J. Utomo, P. McDonald","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1953689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1953689","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Until the 1970s the Asia-born population of Australia remained small due to the racist White Australia Policy which denied entry to non-Europeans. Following its abolition in the early 1970s, Asian immigration progressively intensified, and in 2016 the Asia-born population of the country reached a total of 2.7 million, though the older population aged 65+ remained relatively small. This paper presents new projections of Australia's older Asia-born populations from 2016 to 2056 created with a new birthplace projection model. The results show substantial growth of the older Asia-born population can be expected over coming decades, along with changing composition by country of birth. The Asia-born proportion of Australia's older population overall is projected to rise from just 6 per cent in 2016 to 19 per cent in 2056. These coming demographic changes present challenges and opportunities - in particular relating to the provision of culturally appropriate residential and community aged care.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1953689","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44164394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1944408
H. Chun, M. Das Gupta
ABSTRACT South Korea is the first country to shift from strong son preference to preferring daughters. This paper examines the factors associated with daughter preference, using data from the 2012 Korea General Social Survey, a nationally-representative survey of 1,379 people. The outcome variable was derived from the survey question, 'If you were to have one child, which one would you like to have - son, daughter, or no preference?' Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between reported child gender preference and several social and cultural variables. 43 per cent of respondents preferred daughters, 36 per cent preferred sons, and 21 per cent were indifferent. The probability of preferring daughters over sons increased with exposure to Korea's social transformations (younger, more educated, and urban residents); and among those less vested in the traditional patriarchal norms (women, non-Buddhists, and less conservative views on gender roles). Other studies in South Korea find increasing intergenerational support between parents and daughters. This is no longer an agrarian society where aging parents depend financially on sons. Today people can save for retirement and have national health insurance. However, people live longer and need companionship and care which they feel daughters provide more than sons.
{"title":"‘Not a bowl of rice, but tender loving care’: from aborting girls to preferring daughters in South Korea","authors":"H. Chun, M. Das Gupta","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1944408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1944408","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT South Korea is the first country to shift from strong son preference to preferring daughters. This paper examines the factors associated with daughter preference, using data from the 2012 Korea General Social Survey, a nationally-representative survey of 1,379 people. The outcome variable was derived from the survey question, 'If you were to have one child, which one would you like to have - son, daughter, or no preference?' Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association between reported child gender preference and several social and cultural variables. 43 per cent of respondents preferred daughters, 36 per cent preferred sons, and 21 per cent were indifferent. The probability of preferring daughters over sons increased with exposure to Korea's social transformations (younger, more educated, and urban residents); and among those less vested in the traditional patriarchal norms (women, non-Buddhists, and less conservative views on gender roles). Other studies in South Korea find increasing intergenerational support between parents and daughters. This is no longer an agrarian society where aging parents depend financially on sons. Today people can save for retirement and have national health insurance. However, people live longer and need companionship and care which they feel daughters provide more than sons.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46085104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1938382
Poh Lin Tan
ABSTRACT Postponement of first births is a key cause of declining fertility rates, especially in East Asia where recovery from delayed childbearing has been weak. This paper investigates achievement of ideal ages at marriage and first birth in Singapore using survey data on 657 married women aged 25–34. Almost 50 per cent marry within one year of their ideal age, but less than 30 per cent have their first child within six months of their ideal interval to first birth, with around 50 per cent waiting longer than ideal. The high proportion of women experiencing a longer-than-ideal first birth interval was observed across all age and educational groups. Regression results show that co-residence with a foreign domestic worker and paid leave entitlements are associated with higher probability of achieving their ideal first birth interval, whereas availability of parents/in-laws, husband’s help and unpaid leave do not reduce time to childbearing.
{"title":"Ideal and actual intervals to first birth in Singapore","authors":"Poh Lin Tan","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1938382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1938382","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Postponement of first births is a key cause of declining fertility rates, especially in East Asia where recovery from delayed childbearing has been weak. This paper investigates achievement of ideal ages at marriage and first birth in Singapore using survey data on 657 married women aged 25–34. Almost 50 per cent marry within one year of their ideal age, but less than 30 per cent have their first child within six months of their ideal interval to first birth, with around 50 per cent waiting longer than ideal. The high proportion of women experiencing a longer-than-ideal first birth interval was observed across all age and educational groups. Regression results show that co-residence with a foreign domestic worker and paid leave entitlements are associated with higher probability of achieving their ideal first birth interval, whereas availability of parents/in-laws, husband’s help and unpaid leave do not reduce time to childbearing.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1938382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43184020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-07DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1932067
W. Fan, Yue Qian
ABSTRACT Recent research conducted in Western countries highlights gender ideology as a multidimensional concept. Little, however, is known in East Asia about the patterns and consequences of constellations of gender ideology (i.e. clusters of attitudes towards gender relations in different domains). Using data from 3,541 married respondents in the 2006 East Asian Social Survey (China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan), we identify four constellations—egalitarian, moderate, traditional, and pro-work traditional—that differ in gender ideologies regarding the private and public spheres. We find little societal difference in the relationship between constellations of gender ideology and marital satisfaction among men. Among women, traditional Japanese women have particularly high, whereas egalitarian Taiwanese women have particularly low, marital satisfaction. Additionally, gender ideology intersects with couples’ earnings arrangements to shape marital satisfaction in Korea. Overall, our findings advance the understanding of how political and policy environments shape gender roles in work and family.
{"title":"Constellations of gender ideology, earnings arrangements, and marital satisfaction: a comparison across four East Asian societies","authors":"W. Fan, Yue Qian","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1932067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1932067","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Recent research conducted in Western countries highlights gender ideology as a multidimensional concept. Little, however, is known in East Asia about the patterns and consequences of constellations of gender ideology (i.e. clusters of attitudes towards gender relations in different domains). Using data from 3,541 married respondents in the 2006 East Asian Social Survey (China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan), we identify four constellations—egalitarian, moderate, traditional, and pro-work traditional—that differ in gender ideologies regarding the private and public spheres. We find little societal difference in the relationship between constellations of gender ideology and marital satisfaction among men. Among women, traditional Japanese women have particularly high, whereas egalitarian Taiwanese women have particularly low, marital satisfaction. Additionally, gender ideology intersects with couples’ earnings arrangements to shape marital satisfaction in Korea. Overall, our findings advance the understanding of how political and policy environments shape gender roles in work and family.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1932067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44928230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-05DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1932065
Soo-Yeon Yoon, Sojung Lim, Lanu Kim
ABSTRACT Using data from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (1998–2014), this study examines how various indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) (i.e. education, employment status, occupation, and earnings) are associated with the transition to first marriage for South Korean men and women. Results from discrete-time event-history analysis show that all SES indicators are strongly associated with the timing of marriage for men and that there is a clear SES gradient for men's marriage entry. In addition, women with high SES (regular, white-collar jobs, and the highest earnings) are more likely to get married than those with lower SES. We also find that securing a regular job is a significant factor for marriage formation regardless of gender. These results indicate that among those with high SES in South Korea, the economic foundations of marriage appear to be characterised by the cooperation model.
{"title":"Labour market uncertainty and the economic foundations of marriage in South Korea","authors":"Soo-Yeon Yoon, Sojung Lim, Lanu Kim","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1932065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1932065","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using data from the Korean Labor and Income Panel Study (1998–2014), this study examines how various indicators of socioeconomic status (SES) (i.e. education, employment status, occupation, and earnings) are associated with the transition to first marriage for South Korean men and women. Results from discrete-time event-history analysis show that all SES indicators are strongly associated with the timing of marriage for men and that there is a clear SES gradient for men's marriage entry. In addition, women with high SES (regular, white-collar jobs, and the highest earnings) are more likely to get married than those with lower SES. We also find that securing a regular job is a significant factor for marriage formation regardless of gender. These results indicate that among those with high SES in South Korea, the economic foundations of marriage appear to be characterised by the cooperation model.","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1932065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47232905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-01DOI: 10.1080/17441730.2021.1930437
James M. Raymo, Hyunjoon Park
Dramatic changes in family formation and dissolution in East Asia are well documented (Chen & Li, 2014; Jones et al., 2009; Raymo et al., 2015; Yu & Xie, 2021). For example, in Japan and Korea mean...
{"title":"Social stratification and family change in Japan and Korea","authors":"James M. Raymo, Hyunjoon Park","doi":"10.1080/17441730.2021.1930437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2021.1930437","url":null,"abstract":"Dramatic changes in family formation and dissolution in East Asia are well documented (Chen & Li, 2014; Jones et al., 2009; Raymo et al., 2015; Yu & Xie, 2021). For example, in Japan and Korea mean...","PeriodicalId":45987,"journal":{"name":"Asian Population Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/17441730.2021.1930437","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41334889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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