{"title":"Invariance of the acoustic wave equation under transformed Galilean transformation","authors":"Valbona Berisha, Shukri Klinaku","doi":"10.1250/ast.44.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.44.24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88548826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Phonetic analysis on speech-laugh occurrence in spontaneous gaming dialog","authors":"Y. Arimoto","doi":"10.1250/ast.44.36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.44.36","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73769435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Basic study on the effectiveness of reading aloud in learning programming languages","authors":"M. Ueda, H. Kasuga, Tetsuo Tanaka","doi":"10.1250/ast.44.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.44.33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78536352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As significant errors were reported in 1985 for the international standard related to equal-loudness-level contours (ELLCs) for pure tones, the earlier international standard was fully revised in 2003 as ISO 226:2003, after 18 years of revision work. Twenty years later, the standard has been revised again as ISO 226:2023. One motivation for the revision was to reflect the lowering of the threshold of hearing at 20 Hz by 0.4 dB in ISO 389-7:2019. In addition, the following two points of substance were revised: (1) implementation of the power exponent relating loudness perception to physical intensity formulated in an academic paper published in 2004, which describes the derivation of ELLCs relating to ISO 226:2003, and (2) adoption of mathematical expressions that preserve the appropriate number of significant digits. In this review, the process of the revision and the technical details of the changes are described. The differences from the 2003 edition are only 0.6 dB at most, and the 2023 standard can be regarded as the same as the 2003 edition in terms of practical use.
{"title":"Revision of ISO 226 “Normal Equal-Loudness-Level Contours” from 2003 to 2023 edition: the background and results","authors":"Yôiti Suzuki, Hisashi Takeshima, Kenji Kurakata","doi":"10.1250/ast.e23.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.e23.66","url":null,"abstract":"As significant errors were reported in 1985 for the international standard related to equal-loudness-level contours (ELLCs) for pure tones, the earlier international standard was fully revised in 2003 as ISO 226:2003, after 18 years of revision work. Twenty years later, the standard has been revised again as ISO 226:2023. One motivation for the revision was to reflect the lowering of the threshold of hearing at 20 Hz by 0.4 dB in ISO 389-7:2019. In addition, the following two points of substance were revised: (1) implementation of the power exponent relating loudness perception to physical intensity formulated in an academic paper published in 2004, which describes the derivation of ELLCs relating to ISO 226:2003, and (2) adoption of mathematical expressions that preserve the appropriate number of significant digits. In this review, the process of the revision and the technical details of the changes are described. The differences from the 2003 edition are only 0.6 dB at most, and the 2023 standard can be regarded as the same as the 2003 edition in terms of practical use.","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135158535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Word identification of New Zealand English by native Japanese listeners with and without exposure to New Zealand English","authors":"C. Hui, Hinako Masuda, Yusuke Hioka, C. Watson","doi":"10.1250/ast.44.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.44.29","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80924145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: It is verified that the source of the acoustic emissions when beach sand or other squeaky grains are stepped on or impacted by a pestle lies in a thin shear band directly under the pestle. The grain layers in this band slide one over another at a slow creepy pace giving rise to energy transfer, via the stick-slip effect, from the impacting pestle to the elastic vibrations in the shear bands at the grain contact areas. In turn, this vibration energy feeds the elastic modes of vibration along the vertical grain columns or equivalently, the elastic modes of vibration in the shear band under the pestle comprising the vibrating columns, with dominant frequency in the range of 1,000 Hz. In search of an explanation of the acoustic emissions when booming dune sand is pushed by a blade or is freely avalanching, we adopt the concept of the collision shear band, where, due to the high degree of fluidity of the sand mass, the grain layers slide one over another at a brisk pace so that the average collision frequency between grains in two adjacent grain layers defines the dominant frequency of the acoustic emission in the range of 100 Hz.
{"title":"Sound mechanics from squeaky and booming dune sands","authors":"A. Patitsas","doi":"10.1250/ast.43.297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.43.297","url":null,"abstract":": It is verified that the source of the acoustic emissions when beach sand or other squeaky grains are stepped on or impacted by a pestle lies in a thin shear band directly under the pestle. The grain layers in this band slide one over another at a slow creepy pace giving rise to energy transfer, via the stick-slip effect, from the impacting pestle to the elastic vibrations in the shear bands at the grain contact areas. In turn, this vibration energy feeds the elastic modes of vibration along the vertical grain columns or equivalently, the elastic modes of vibration in the shear band under the pestle comprising the vibrating columns, with dominant frequency in the range of 1,000 Hz. In search of an explanation of the acoustic emissions when booming dune sand is pushed by a blade or is freely avalanching, we adopt the concept of the collision shear band, where, due to the high degree of fluidity of the sand mass, the grain layers slide one over another at a brisk pace so that the average collision frequency between grains in two adjacent grain layers defines the dominant frequency of the acoustic emission in the range of 100 Hz.","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80212942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Several previous studies in speech production obtained a boundary of two phoneme categories by an exhaustive search for the ‘‘optimal boundary’’ that provides the best phoneme classification on an acoustic dimension such as voice onset time. However, they used this method without confirming its accuracy in estimating the true boundary. The present study examined this accuracy by conducting a Monte Carlo simulation under several conditions of the means and variances of two phoneme categories. The results revealed that, compared with the statistically estimated boundary, the ‘‘optimal boundary’’ tended to have bigger root mean square errors from the true category boundary. This finding indicates that the ‘‘optimal boundary’’ is less accurate than the statistically estimated boundary for estimating the true boundary. Our study considers the limitations of the previous method and recommends a statistically estimated boundary in future investigations.
{"title":"Reconsidering the method of finding phonemic category boundary in speech production","authors":"S. Amano, Yukari Hirata, K. Yamakawa","doi":"10.1250/ast.43.322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.43.322","url":null,"abstract":": Several previous studies in speech production obtained a boundary of two phoneme categories by an exhaustive search for the ‘‘optimal boundary’’ that provides the best phoneme classification on an acoustic dimension such as voice onset time. However, they used this method without confirming its accuracy in estimating the true boundary. The present study examined this accuracy by conducting a Monte Carlo simulation under several conditions of the means and variances of two phoneme categories. The results revealed that, compared with the statistically estimated boundary, the ‘‘optimal boundary’’ tended to have bigger root mean square errors from the true category boundary. This finding indicates that the ‘‘optimal boundary’’ is less accurate than the statistically estimated boundary for estimating the true boundary. Our study considers the limitations of the previous method and recommends a statistically estimated boundary in future investigations.","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75061777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Conventional ultrasonic welding uses linear vibrations, but welding using an elliptical locus improves welding strength. Therefore, we developed a vibration source that generates an elliptical locus using a single longitudinal vibration transducer. Although vibration sources with an elliptical locus have been reported previously, they were designed using the equivalent transmission line method. In this paper, we used the finite element method to elliptical vibration source design, and we fabricated a vibration source and measured its characteristics. Bringing the resonance frequencies of the longitudinal and torsional vibration closer together allowed vibration with an elliptical locus to be obtained at a single frequency.
{"title":"Development of an ultrasonic complex vibration source that produces an elliptical vibration locus","authors":"Yoshihiro Miyata, T. Asami, H. Miura","doi":"10.1250/ast.43.327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.43.327","url":null,"abstract":": Conventional ultrasonic welding uses linear vibrations, but welding using an elliptical locus improves welding strength. Therefore, we developed a vibration source that generates an elliptical locus using a single longitudinal vibration transducer. Although vibration sources with an elliptical locus have been reported previously, they were designed using the equivalent transmission line method. In this paper, we used the finite element method to elliptical vibration source design, and we fabricated a vibration source and measured its characteristics. Bringing the resonance frequencies of the longitudinal and torsional vibration closer together allowed vibration with an elliptical locus to be obtained at a single frequency.","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80651116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yohei Tsukamoto, Kaoru Tamai, K. Sakagami, Takeshi Okuzono, Y. Tomikawa
{"title":"Basic study of practical prediction of sound insulation performance of double window","authors":"Yohei Tsukamoto, Kaoru Tamai, K. Sakagami, Takeshi Okuzono, Y. Tomikawa","doi":"10.1250/ast.43.335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.43.335","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72985675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariko Akutsu, Toki Uda, K. Yatabe, Yasuhiro Oikawa
Mariko Akutsu , Toki Uda1;, Kohei Yatabe3;4; and Yasuhiro Oikawa2; Railway Technical Research Institute, 2–8–38 Hikari-cho, Kokubunji, 185–8540 Japan Department of Intermedia Art and Science, Waseda University, 3–4–1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169–8555 Japan Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3–4–1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169–8555 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2–24–16 Naka-cho, Koganei, 184–8588 Japan
{"title":"Visualization of sound wave from high-speed moving source","authors":"Mariko Akutsu, Toki Uda, K. Yatabe, Yasuhiro Oikawa","doi":"10.1250/ast.43.339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1250/ast.43.339","url":null,"abstract":"Mariko Akutsu , Toki Uda1;, Kohei Yatabe3;4; and Yasuhiro Oikawa2; Railway Technical Research Institute, 2–8–38 Hikari-cho, Kokubunji, 185–8540 Japan Department of Intermedia Art and Science, Waseda University, 3–4–1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169–8555 Japan Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3–4–1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169–8555 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2–24–16 Naka-cho, Koganei, 184–8588 Japan","PeriodicalId":46068,"journal":{"name":"Acoustical Science and Technology","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84596598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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