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Using Formative Research to Understand Immigrant Settlement in Southern Alberta, Canada. 运用形成性研究了解加拿大阿尔伯塔省南部的移民定居。
IF 1.4 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2025-06-26 eCollection Date: 2025-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/15245004251354831
Debra Z Basil, Kathleen Boniol, Janelle Marietta

Background: Worldwide migration is on the rise due to factors such as political turmoil and natural disasters, as well as personal desires for upward mobility and safety. New immigrants face many challenges throughout their settlement into a new community. As Canada welcomes record numbers of new immigrants, it is important that communities across Canada find ways to support new immigrants. The immigrant settlement experience can be improved by identifying key barriers during the settlement process and implementing social marketing approaches to overcome them.

Focus of the article: This article focuses on identifying key barriers to immigrant settlement in Southern Alberta, Canada, using formative research, to provide a foundation for developing social marketing programs with strategic non-profit partners to facilitate immigrant settlement.

Research question: What challenges do immigrants face when settling in Southern Alberta, and how can social marketing efforts facilitate immigrant settlement?

Program design/importance of the social marketing field: Social marketing can help connect immigrants to resources during their settlement. In this study, we explore how new immigrants access information during their settlement and what barriers they face throughout their settlement experience. We identify ways that organizations can utilize social marketing to better assist newcomers in their settlement, and discuss the importance of taking a participatory research approach.

Methods: This research analyzes survey responses from 77 new immigrants in Southern Alberta, Canada. Surveys were conducted in English, Spanish, and Tagalog, primarily online through Qualtrics' survey platform, augmented by eight hard copy responses. Participants were recruited through word of mouth, local non-profit organizations and government offices, and recruiting at community events. Additionally, interviews were conducted with representatives of an umbrella organization from the greater region that supports immigrant settlement and links settlement service providers. Finally, a community-based participatory research group provided additional insights.

Results: The leading reason for respondents to move to Southern Alberta was to be with people they know, such as family, spouse, or friends, followed by educational purposes. Broadly, our results suggest that employment, finances, friends and family, and transportation are the primary concerns faced by immigrants. Loneliness can also hinder satisfactory settlement. Survey and interview results suggest that participants had a relatively low level of awareness and usage of nonprofit and civil society organization services during their initial settlement period.

Recommendations for research or practice: Well-crafted social marketing programs can aid immigrant settlement. Movin

背景:由于政治动荡和自然灾害等因素,以及个人对向上流动和安全的渴望,世界范围内的移民正在增加。新移民在进入新社区定居的过程中面临许多挑战。随着加拿大欢迎创纪录数量的新移民,加拿大各地的社区找到支持新移民的方法是很重要的。通过识别移民定居过程中的主要障碍,并实施社会营销方法来克服这些障碍,可以改善移民定居体验。文章重点:本文主要通过形成性研究来确定加拿大阿尔伯塔省南部移民定居的主要障碍,为与战略非营利合作伙伴一起制定促进移民定居的社会营销计划提供基础。研究问题:移民在南阿尔伯塔定居时面临哪些挑战?社会营销如何促进移民定居?项目设计/社会营销领域的重要性:社会营销可以帮助移民在定居过程中获得资源。在这项研究中,我们探讨了新移民在定居期间如何获取信息,以及他们在整个定居经历中面临的障碍。我们确定了组织可以利用社会营销来更好地帮助新移民定居的方法,并讨论了采用参与式研究方法的重要性。方法:本研究对加拿大阿尔伯塔省南部77名新移民的调查结果进行分析。调查以英语、西班牙语和他加禄语进行,主要通过Qualtrics的调查平台在线进行,并辅以8份纸质回复。参与者是通过口口相传、当地非营利组织和政府办公室招募的,也可以在社区活动中招募。此外,我们还采访了来自大区域的一个总括组织的代表,该组织支持移民定居并联系定居服务提供者。最后,一个以社区为基础的参与性研究小组提供了更多的见解。结果:受访者搬到南阿尔伯塔省的主要原因是和他们认识的人在一起,比如家人、配偶或朋友,其次是教育目的。总的来说,我们的研究结果表明,就业、财务、朋友和家人以及交通是移民面临的主要问题。孤独也会阻碍满意的解决。调查和访谈结果表明,在最初定居期间,参与者对非营利和民间社会组织服务的认识和使用水平相对较低。对研究或实践的建议:精心设计的社会营销计划可以帮助移民定居。展望未来,作者团队正在进一步参与社区参与式研究(CBPR)方法,以制定社会营销计划,以解决CBPR团队确定的社区优先需求。CBPR有助于确保项目设计将满足相关利益相关者的需求和资源。我们呼吁学术研究人员在设计社会营销计划时参与社区成员。我们鼓励提供定居服务的机构利用社会营销来提高沟通效率,改善新移民的定居体验。局限性:本研究是形成性的。它是横断面的,因此排除了因果关系的评估。虽然我们提供了三个数据源,但每个数据源的参与者数量相对较少。
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引用次数: 0
Prospect of Social Marketing in Enhancing the Acquisition and Utilization of Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) for the Prevention of Malaria in a Rural Area of Imo State, South-Eastern Nigeria 社会营销在促进尼日利亚东南部伊莫州农村地区获取和使用驱虫蚊帐预防疟疾方面的前景
IF 3 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-08-14 DOI: 10.1177/15245004241273091
Uchechukwu M. Chukwuocha, Uchenna Okereke, Ayoola O. Bosede, Joshua C. Ogboeze
BackgroundProper utilization of Insecticide Treated Nets (ITNs) has been shown to be very effective in preventing malaria and in reducing the incidence of the disease. Getting people to buy and utilize ITNs has proven very difficult especially in low-income settings of sub-Saharan Africa where the disease is endemic. This research work, therefore assesses the effectiveness of the application of social marketing strategies in encouraging the acquisition and utilization of ITNs.Focus of the ArticleThe marketing mix concept which is usually referred to as the 4Ps of social marketing-price, place, product and promotion-were put to test to identify how the respondents will respond to variation in any of them. The research aims to assess the people’s response to a favorable change in the price of ITNs, product quality, product location and target advertisement.Research QuestionThe research questions that this study aimed to answer is; will the introduction of the traditional marketing mix of social marketing help drive the acquisition and utilization of ITNs by the people in rural communities of Imo State, Nigeria?Program Design/ApproachThe research report contained in this manuscript is targeted at health products (tangible and intangible) marketing researchers in resource-limited settings. These researchers who may not be able to afford the acquisition of large quantity health products like the ITNs to conduct their study can adopt the method employed in this study. Here the “prospect” of using social marketing strategies like the traditional marketing mix, to determine a possible increase in the acquisition and utilization of ITNs by the people.Importance to the Social Marketing FieldThis study describes how researchers in low-and-middle income countries could conduct a social marketing research on tangible products such as the ITN without really selling ITNs. The people’s intent to buy and use ITNs were assessed. More than 10 previous studies from as far back as 1999 were assessed, none of them employed the current methodology.MethodologyThis study was a descriptive cross-sectional study where a multi-stage sampling technique was employed to recruit the study participants.ResultsIt was found that 55.1% had ITNs, good utilization rate of 80.6% was recorded among those who possessed ITNs. Using the social marketing principle to assess respondents’ intent to own and use ITNs, an increase of 27.2%, 38.1%, 31.3%, and 35.9% will be achieved if the cost of acquiring ITNs becomes affordable, when ITNs become accessible, when practical guidance on use was provided, and when quality was improved. The study also revealed that, the vigorous pursue of social marketing techniques can enhance the sales of ITNs and its usage among the people.Recommendation for Research or PracticeThis study has justified the usefulness of social marketing in engendering positive behavioural change where people can be motivated to adopt a health innovation. It is therefore recommen
背景事实证明,正确使用驱虫蚊帐(ITNs)对预防疟疾和降低疟疾发病率非常有效。事实证明,让人们购买和使用驱虫蚊帐非常困难,尤其是在疟疾流行的撒哈拉以南非洲低收入地区。因此,本研究工作评估了社会营销策略在鼓励人们购买和使用驱虫蚊帐方面的应用效果。文章重点 营销组合概念通常被称为社会营销的 4P,即价格、地点、产品和促销,本研究对这一概念进行了测试,以确定受访者将如何应对其中任何一个方面的变化。本研究旨在评估人们对驱虫蚊帐价格、产品质量、产品地点和目标广告的有利变化的反应。研究问题本研究旨在回答的研究问题是:引入社会营销的传统营销组合是否有助于推动尼日利亚伊莫州农村社区的人们获得和使用驱虫蚊帐?这些研究人员可能无力购买大量的健康产品(如驱虫蚊帐)来进行研究,因此可以采用本研究中采用的方法。本研究描述了中低收入国家的研究人员如何在不出售驱虫蚊帐的情况下对驱虫蚊帐等有形产品进行社会营销研究。对人们购买和使用驱虫蚊帐的意向进行了评估。本研究是一项描述性横断面研究,采用了多阶段抽样技术来招募研究参与者。结果发现,55.1% 的人拥有驱虫蚊帐,在拥有驱虫蚊帐的人中,使用率高达 80.6%。利用社会营销原则来评估受访者拥有和使用驱虫蚊帐的意愿,如果获取驱虫蚊帐的成本变得可负担得起、驱虫蚊帐变得容易获得、提供实用的使用指导以及提高质量,受访者拥有和使用驱虫蚊帐的意愿将分别增加 27.2%、38.1%、31.3% 和 35.9%。这项研究还表明,大力推行社会营销技术可以促进驱虫蚊帐的销售,并提高人们对驱虫蚊帐的使用率。因此,建议必须使用社会营销策略向人们销售健康创新产品和产品,因为事实证明这不仅能鼓励人们采用/购买,还能鼓励人们使用。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the Effect of Message Strategies on Peruvian Mothers´ Intentions to Increase Fruit Intake Among Children 研究信息策略对秘鲁母亲增加儿童水果摄入量的意愿的影响
IF 3 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-08-13 DOI: 10.1177/15245004241275978
Peter Busse
BackgroundThe Peruvian population does not meet the recommended guidelines for daily consumption of fruits and vegetables and, thus, social marketing approaches are needed in order to improve this behavior.Focus of the ArticleThe focus of this study was on changing intentions to engage in a recommended health behavior by experimentally testing one component of a social marketing strategy, namely the effect of messages to motivate mothers to increase the fruit consumption of their children.Research QuestionWhat type of messages, either those communicating the advantages of engaging in the recommended behavior or those communicating the norms about the behavior, are better at increasing mothers’ intentions to give 3 daily fruits to their children?Importance to the Social Marketing FieldThis study identifies methodological steps that can guide future social marketing approaches to test the effect of messages in the area of behavior change.MethodsA total of 285 mothers completed an online survey with an experiment built in. Mothers were randomly assigned to one of three conditions: a gain-framed messages condition, a normative messages condition and a no message condition (control condition) and then answered questions about the dependent variables.ResultsResults showed that exposure to messages communicating information about the advantages of engaging in the behavior increased mothers’ attitudes and intentions to give 3 daily fruits to their children; however, messages communicating information about descriptive norms did not increase mothers’ perceived norms or intentions.Recommendations for Research or PracticeSocial marketing approaches that address low levels of fruit consumption among children can benefit from message strategies that target mothers and that focus on communicating the advantages of giving more fruits to their children.
文章重点本研究的重点是通过实验测试社会营销策略的一个组成部分,即激励母亲增加其子女水果消费量的信息的效果,来改变参与推荐健康行为的意愿。研究问题哪种类型的信息,无论是传达参与推荐行为的好处的信息,还是传达行为规范的信息,都能更好地提高母亲给孩子每天吃 3 个水果的意愿? 对社会营销领域的重要性本研究确定了方法步骤,这些步骤可以指导未来的社会营销方法,以测试行为改变领域的信息效果。母亲们被随机分配到三种条件中的一种:收益框架信息条件、规范信息条件和无信息条件(对照条件),然后回答有关因变量的问题。结果结果表明,接触到有关参与行为的好处的信息会增加母亲们给孩子每天吃 3 种水果的态度和意愿;但是,有关描述性规范的信息并没有增加母亲们的感知规范或意愿。研究或实践建议针对儿童水果消费量低的社会营销方法可以从针对母亲的信息策略中获益,这些信息策略的重点是宣传给孩子更多水果的好处。
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引用次数: 0
The good death: The interplay between group dynamics, end of life decision making, and creative consumption 美好的死亡群体动力、临终决策和创意消费之间的相互作用
IF 3 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-07-21 DOI: 10.1177/15245004241264349
Casey Rockwell, Lenita Davis, Noelle Butski
BackgroundAlthough death is a primary motivator of behavior, it is not widely studied in marketing.Focus of the ArticleThrough case analysis, integration of literature, and in-depth interviews of terminally ill patients, we explore the factors that change the consumption of medical treatment and the social issues that arise between themselves and other key stakeholders.Research QuestionWhat variables impact the decision-making process of terminally ill patients who choose to use an illegal treatment option?Program Design/ApproachWe explore the factors influencing consumption practices at the end of life through case analysis, literature integration, and in-depth interviews of terminally ill patients.Importance to Social Marketing FieldThis research gives social marketers a rare glimpse into the mind of the consumer at a pivotal moment of consumption end-of-life. Our exploration shows that when the conventional medical system fails, medical consumers engage in creative consumption patterns. Understanding these patterns allows social marketers to better understand and engage with terminally or chronically ill consumers.MethodsThis is a qualitative study using in-depth interviews.ResultsThis study found that having an intimate relationship with mortality eliminates or weakens the constraints of cultural institutions and social groups as a part of the decision-making process.
文章重点通过案例分析、文献整合以及对临终病人的深入访谈,我们探讨了改变医疗消费的因素,以及他们与其他关键利益相关者之间产生的社会问题。研究问题哪些变量会影响选择非法治疗方案的临终病人的决策过程?方案设计/方法我们通过案例分析、文献整合以及对临终病人的深入访谈,探讨了影响临终消费行为的因素。对社会营销领域的重要性这项研究让社会营销人员难得地窥见了消费者在临终消费关键时刻的心理。我们的探索表明,当传统医疗体系失效时,医疗消费者会采取创造性的消费模式。了解了这些模式,社会营销人员就能更好地理解临终或慢性病消费者,并与他们进行互动。结果本研究发现,与死亡的亲密关系消除或削弱了文化机构和社会团体在决策过程中的制约因素。
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引用次数: 0
Flushing out homeowner perceptions to improve voluntary septic to sewer conversion with social marketing 了解房主的看法,通过社会营销改善化粪池到下水道的自愿转换
IF 3 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-06-20 DOI: 10.1177/15245004241262030
Lisa S. Krimsky, Laura A. Warner, Shelli D. Rampold
BackgroundSeptic systems are recognized as a contributor to water quality degradation. Septic to sewer conversion programs are being implemented to mitigate nutrient pollution but success of voluntary programs is dependent on homeowner participation. The purpose of this study was to identify elements of potential social marketing strategies that could advance the voluntary adoption of septic to sewer conversion programs.Focus of the ArticleThis study used formative survey research to assess residents’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceived benefits of and barriers to septic systems conversion in Florida, USA to inform future interventions promoting this major, costly home infrastructure change that reduces wastewater nutrient contamination.Research QuestionThis study attempts to answer the following questions: (1) Does septic system conversion status (mandatory vs. voluntary) influence homeowners’ knowledge, attitudes, and perceived benefits and barriers to septic to sewer conversion? (2) What social marketing variables are the best predictors of attitude about septic to sewer conversion?Importance to the Social Marketing FieldIn contrast to inexpensive, repeated habits which are the target of many social marketing campaigns, costly one-time behaviors have been minimally explored by social scientists and social marketers. This study demonstrates how social marketing research can be applied to advance the adoption of costly, one-time infrastructure improvements, with septic to sewer conversions serving as the study context. There are substantial opportunities for social marketers to support local government and other organizations in their promotion of major technologies, including, but not limited to septic system conversions.Methods518 adult Florida residents who were also septic system owners completed an online survey instrument that assessed subjective and objective knowledge, attitudes about septic to sewer conversion, and motivators and barriers to conversion.ResultsSeptic system homeowners are largely supportive of septic conversion programs; however, the greatest perceived benefits are personal and not associated with environmental improvements. Despite many septic to sewer conversion projects being initiated for environmental purposes, behavior change efforts should promote the benefits of conversion as perceived by the homeowner. The primary barrier is the upfront cost, and alternative funding structures should be investigated.Recommendations for Research or PracticeThis study indicates that target audience outreach is an essential component of the environmental planning process. Considering the costs and complexity of water quality infrastructure projects, environmental management professionals should consider a robust audience-specific social marketing program as part of the implementation and planning process. The findings presented here suggest opportunities for social marketers to partner with environmental management professionals ta
背景化粪池系统被认为是造成水质恶化的一个因素。目前正在实施化粪池到下水道转换计划,以减轻营养物污染,但自愿计划的成功与否取决于房主的参与。本研究的目的是确定潜在社会营销策略的要素,以推动化粪池到下水道转换计划的自愿采用。文章重点本研究使用形成性调查研究来评估美国佛罗里达州居民对化粪池系统转换的认识、态度、感知到的好处和障碍,为未来促进这一重大、昂贵的家庭基础设施改变以减少废水营养物污染的干预措施提供信息。研究问题本研究试图回答以下问题:(1)化粪池系统转换状态(强制与自愿)是否会影响房主对化粪池转换为下水道的认识、态度、感知到的好处和障碍?(2) 哪些社会营销变量是化粪池改下水道态度的最佳预测因素? 对社会营销领域的重要性与许多社会营销活动所针对的廉价、重复的习惯不同,社会科学家和社会营销人员对代价高昂的一次性行为的研究很少。本研究以化粪池改下水道为研究背景,展示了如何将社会营销研究应用于推动成本高昂的一次性基础设施改善。社会营销人员有大量机会支持地方政府和其他组织推广主要技术,包括但不限于化粪池系统改造。方法518 名同时也是化粪池系统所有者的佛罗里达州成年居民完成了一项在线调查,该调查评估了主观和客观知识、对化粪池到下水道改造的态度,以及改造的动机和障碍。结果化粪池系统所有者大多支持化粪池改造项目;然而,他们认为最大的好处是个人利益,而与环境改善无关。尽管许多化粪池到下水道转换项目是出于环保目的而启动的,但行为改变工作应促进业主认识到转换的益处。本研究表明,目标受众宣传是环境规划过程的重要组成部分。考虑到水质基础设施项目的成本和复杂性,环境管理专业人员应将针对特定受众的强大社会营销计划作为实施和规划过程的一部分。本文的研究结果为社会营销人员提供了与环境管理专业人员合作的机会,他们的任务是鼓励将化粪池改造成下水道,或鼓励其他昂贵而重要的一次性行为。
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引用次数: 0
Comparison of COVID-19 Behaviour Change Campaign Ads in Tanzania: Results From a Randomised Controlled Survey-Based Experiment 坦桑尼亚 COVID-19 行为改变运动广告比较:基于随机控制调查的实验结果
IF 3 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-01-29 DOI: 10.1177/15245004241230310
Robert Aunger, Vishna Shah, Hugh Sharma Waddington, Kaposo Mwambuli
BackgroundIn circumstances where vaccine hesitancy is high, like in Tanzania in 2021, measures to control the spread of COVID-19 infection through non-pharmaceutical interventions, specifically mask-wearing, hand-washing and physical distancing, become crucial. This study was undertaken to inform the development of a context-adapted communication campaign to control COVID-19 in Tanzania.Focus of the ArticleThe study examines the effectiveness of three different behaviour change campaign ads created as part of the same control effort, and two of them by the same creative process, with the same creative team, at roughly the same time, in altering behavioural propensities for relevant target behaviours, including the washing of hands, the wearing of masks and social distancing, and key participant attitudes, such as the sense of obligation to others.Research QuestionThe main research question was: what are the effects of behaviour change campaign ads on propensities for engaging in COVID-19 target behaviours? We also examined behavioural attitudes and consumer appreciation of the ads (believability, likeability, relevance and surprise). The purpose of the study was to provide empirical evidence on the effectiveness of different messaging logics, in order to help improve future campaigns.MethodsWe designed a controlled survey experiment where participants were randomly assigned to receive one of the three campaign ads. These were called: the “Setting” campaign, which was designed using a theory-based Behaviour Centred Design (BCD) approach and produced with local partners; the “Password” campaign, which was the result of a substantial investment by a major international consortium; and the “Balance” campaign, a local adaption of “Password”; as well as an educational public service announcement, which served as an active control. An SMS survey was administered online to 2080 participants in Tanzania in 2022 to evaluate the potential effectiveness and consumer appreciation of the campaigns.ResultsThe results showed that the most costly campaign, “Password”, did not perform better than the other campaigns on any test. In particular, “Password” was not more effective than the theory-based “Setting” campaign on any single behavioural indicator or exposure variable. The “Setting” campaign was more effective than other ads on the expected qualities of appreciation (surprise, believability). However, the educational announcement achieved higher average response levels than all of the narrative-based treatments on measures of consumer appreciation, such as likeability, believability and relevance.Recommendations for PracticeThis study supported the proposition that a campaign specifically designed to elicit particular kinds of psychological responses could do so. It showed that a theory-based campaign, produced locally and at low cost, can compete on standard marketing values with high-quality creative processes and production values.
背景在对疫苗犹豫不决的情况下(如 2021 年的坦桑尼亚),通过非药物干预措施(特别是戴口罩、洗手和保持身体距离)控制 COVID-19 感染的传播变得至关重要。本研究旨在为制定适应坦桑尼亚国情的传播活动提供信息,以控制 COVID-19 的传播。文章重点本研究探讨了作为同一控制工作的一部分而制作的三个不同的行为改变活动广告的效果,其中两个广告是由同一创意团队在大致相同的时间以相同的创意流程制作的,这些广告改变了相关目标行为的行为倾向,包括洗手、戴口罩和社会疏远,以及主要参与者的态度,如对他人的义务感。研究问题主要研究问题是:行为改变活动广告对参与 COVID-19 目标行为的倾向性有何影响?我们还考察了行为态度和消费者对广告的评价(可信度、喜爱度、相关性和惊喜度)。研究的目的是为不同信息逻辑的有效性提供经验证据,以帮助改进未来的宣传活动。方法我们设计了一个受控调查实验,参与者被随机分配到三个宣传活动广告中的一个。这三个广告分别是:"设置 "广告,采用基于理论的 "行为中心设计"(BCD)方法进行设计,并与当地合作伙伴共同制作;"密码 "广告,由一家大型国际财团投入巨资制作;"平衡 "广告,是 "密码 "在当地的改编版;以及一个教育性公益广告,作为主动对照。2022 年,对坦桑尼亚的 2080 名参与者进行了在线短信调查,以评估这些宣传活动的潜在效果和消费者的评价。特别是,在任何单一行为指标或暴露变量上,"密码 "都没有比基于理论的 "设置 "活动更有效。在预期的欣赏品质(惊喜、可信度)方面,"设置 "广告比其他广告更有效。这项研究支持了这样一种观点,即专门设计的广告能够引起特定类型的心理反应。它表明,以理论为基础、在当地制作且成本低廉的宣传活动,可以在标准营销价值上与高质量的创意过程和制作价值竞争。
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引用次数: 0
Alleviating Help-Seeking Stigma Among Depressed College Students Through Shadow Social Marketing: A Meso-Level Intervention to a Wicked Problem 通过影子社会营销减轻抑郁大学生的求助耻辱感:针对恶性问题的中层干预措施
IF 3 Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.1177/15245004231225457
Paromita Goswami, Jaideep Ghosh
The current study addresses the issue of societal stigma attached to mental health issues of college students, which strongly suppress their attempts at help-seeking. ✓We design a meso-level midstream intervention to effect a behavior change of mentally depressed students, who, due to internalized societal stigma attached to mental health issues, strongly evade help-seeking. ✓We use theoretical arguments and formative research to design a shadow social marketing (SSM) meso-intervention to normalize help-seeking behavior of individuals suffering from mental health issues. ✓We perform field-testing of our intervention to ascertain its comparative efficacy against two competing micro-interventions. To address a complex problem that does not have a direct, clear-cut solution at either the micro or the macro level, we investigate, in this study, whether an SSM meso-intervention performs better than micro-interventions in alleviating social stigma attached to mental health issues. Its primary benefit is to establish a connection between the micro and the macro levels. Social marketing scholarship underscores a number of undesirable consequences of micro-level social marketing interventions that directly target individuals who suffer from mental depression, because their attempts at help-seeking are grossly suppressed by societal stigma attached to mental health issues. Our study contributes to the understanding of how the SSM meso-intervention could serve as a better alternative to direct interventions in normalizing help-seeking behaviour of affected individuals. We hope that changes of social norms at the community level can eventually lead to societal macro-level changes with modification and enhancement of institutional norms. We use an SSM approach to design a meso-level, midstream intervention to alleviate societal stigma that deters help-seeking of mentally depressed students in an educational institution. We use survey methods for data collection and Tobit regression for data analysis to empirically test our meso-intervention against two other micro-level interventions. Our hypothesis that stigmatized individuals are more likely to avail of wellbeing-related services offered by a platform based on an SSM, meso-intervention rather than by one that does not adopt such a strategy is empirically supported strongly ([Formula: see text]). A meso-level intervention is an essential prerequisite to bring about macro-level changes to address stigma attached to mental health issues. As a practical matter, changes of social norms at the community level have a strong potential for bringing about societal macro-level changes with modifications and enhancements of institutional norms and eventual micro-level help-seeking behavior.
本研究探讨了大学生心理健康问题所带来的社会污名化问题,这种污名化严重抑制了他们寻求帮助的尝试。✓我们设计了一种中层中游干预措施,以实现精神抑郁学生的行为改变,这些学生由于心理健康问题所带来的社会污名而强烈地逃避寻求帮助。✓我们利用理论论证和形成性研究设计了一种影子社会营销(SSM)中层干预措施,以规范心理健康问题患者的求助行为。✓我们对干预措施进行了实地测试,以确定其与两个相互竞争的微型干预措施的比较效果。为了解决一个在微观或宏观层面都没有直接、明确解决方案的复杂问题,我们在本研究中调查了 SSM 中观干预在减轻心理健康问题的社会耻辱感方面是否比微观干预更有效。它的主要好处是在微观和宏观层面之间建立联系。社会营销学术研究强调,直接针对精神抑郁症患者的微观层面的社会营销干预措施会产生一系列不良后果,因为他们寻求帮助的尝试会受到精神健康问题所带来的社会污名的严重压制。我们的研究有助于人们理解社会营销中层干预如何能更好地替代直接干预,使受影响者的求助行为正常化。我们希望,社区层面的社会规范变化最终能通过修改和加强制度规范,带来社会宏观层面的变化。我们采用 SSM 方法设计了一种中观层面的中游干预措施,以减轻阻碍教育机构中精神抑郁学生寻求帮助的社会成见。我们使用调查方法收集数据,并使用托比特回归法进行数据分析,从而对我们的中层干预措施与另外两种微观干预措施进行实证检验。我们的假设得到了实证的有力支持([公式:见正文]),即被污名化的个人更有可能利用基于 SSM 的中间干预平台提供的与福祉相关的服务,而不是利用未采用此类策略的平台。中层干预是实现宏观变革的必要前提,以解决心理健康问题所带来的耻辱感。实际上,社区层面的社会规范变革具有很大的潜力,可以通过修改和加强制度规范以及最终微观层面的求助行为,带来社会宏观层面的变革。
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引用次数: 0
A Systematic Review of Social Marketing Interventions Promoting Occupational Health and Safety 促进职业健康和安全的社会营销干预的系统综述
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-30 DOI: 10.1177/15245004231210854
Carolyn Lagoe, Derek Newcomer
Background Unintentional and preventable workplace injuries are a common occurrence across employment contexts. Campaign and intervention initiatives are often implemented to promote health and safety in the workplace. However, to date, scarce research has reviewed the manner in which social marketing principles have been used to inform these efforts. Focus of Article The current review seeks to address this gap by completing a systematic review of occupational health and safety interventions that utilize social marketing approaches. Research Question This review sought to identify key trends and characteristics across occupational health and safety social marketing efforts such as what topics, theories, and design characteristics are most often used to inform these initiatives. The review also sought to determine how effective social marketing tactics were in promoting behavior change. Method In total, 4,354 article titles and abstracts were reviewed across four databases. Ultimately, 11 articles reviewed met the set inclusion criteria, were reviewed, and subsequently analyzed. Results Results indicated that social marketing interventions typically addressed behaviors related to construction safety, agricultural safety, and safety within healthcare environments. While little continuity existed among information dissemination approaches specified, it was clear that many interventions used some form of traditional media (e.g., print, radio, etc.) as a mainstay of their approach. Further, most were effective in promoting behavior change. Importance to the Social Marketing Field While this review identified vital information relating to the development and implementation of occupational health and safety initiatives, clear gaps exist in how key campaign elements, messaging approaches, and strategies are documented in the literature. Recommendations for Research and Practice Practitioners can and should use information identified from this review to guide the development of social marketing interventions. Further, this work also provides important guidance on best practices for documenting features and outcomes of future social marketing efforts.
无意和可预防的工作场所伤害在就业环境中很常见。为促进工作场所的健康和安全,经常开展运动和干预措施。然而,到目前为止,很少有研究回顾了社会营销原则被用来为这些努力提供信息的方式。目前的审查旨在通过完成一个系统的审查,利用社会营销方法的职业健康和安全干预措施,以解决这一差距。研究问题:本综述旨在确定职业健康与安全社会营销工作的主要趋势和特征,例如哪些主题、理论和设计特征最常用于为这些倡议提供信息。该审查还试图确定社会营销策略在促进行为改变方面的有效性。方法共检索4个数据库的4354篇文章标题和摘要。最终,11篇文章符合既定的纳入标准,进行了审查,并随后进行了分析。结果社会营销干预主要针对建筑安全、农业安全和医疗卫生环境安全相关行为。虽然所指明的信息传播方法之间几乎没有连续性,但很明显,许多干预措施使用某种形式的传统媒介(例如印刷品、无线电广播等)作为其方法的支柱。此外,大多数在促进行为改变方面是有效的。对社会营销领域的重要性虽然本次审查确定了与职业健康和安全倡议的发展和实施有关的重要信息,但在如何在文献中记录关键活动要素、信息传递方法和策略方面存在明显差距。研究和实践建议:从业人员可以而且应该使用从本综述中确定的信息来指导社会营销干预措施的发展。此外,这项工作还为记录未来社会营销工作的特征和结果提供了重要的最佳实践指导。
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引用次数: 0
Input, Outcome, and Impact: A Program-Informed Model to Improve the Effectiveness of Corporate Social Marketing 输入、结果和影响:提高企业社会营销有效性的项目知情模型
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-26 DOI: 10.1177/15245004231209101
Alexander Campbell, Sameer Deshpande, Sunil Kumar, Sharyn Rundle-Thiele, Tracey West
Background The purpose of this research is to extend Corporate Social Marketing (CSM) literature and provide practitioners with a framework that can be used in different contexts, as the existing literature lacks an understanding of what factors determine the success of a CSM program and understand the interplay between cross-sector partnerships, CSM, and societal outcomes and impact delivery. Companies are taking a greater interest in addressing social issues, utilizing innovative CSR approaches such as CSM to promote behavior change among their audience while matching their core strengths and attributes ( Kotler et al., 2012 ). Focus of the Article The article evaluates how the CSM program Mein Pragati developed lasting behavior change and seeks to develop a conceptual model around its success. Research Question How can the CSM contribute to behavior change programs? Program Design/Approach Importance to the Social Marketing Field The proposed model (Input, Outcome, and Impact Model of Program Development) provides a structured approach to building a CSM program that changes behavior and develops mutual benefit between corporations, government, and nonprofits. Methods Using a case study approach, this paper analyzes a successful financial inclusion program, Mein Pragati of a global analytics company, CRISIL, and its CSR arm. The three studies (in-depth interviews with eight management members, in-depth interviews with 82 Sakhis (peer educators) and their spouses, and 248 survey interviews with beneficiaries reveal the connection between program development, social outcomes, and societal impact. Results Based on the findings of the three studies, the cross-sector Input, Output, and Outcome Model of the Program Development proposes ways to build effective CSR interventions. Individually, the findings from the in-depth interviews provide a thematic overview of CSM’s success, peer educator interviews identify the impact and outcomes of Mein Pragati, and beneficiary interviews demonstrate program success. Recommendations for Research and Practice Future research can empirically test the Input, Outcome, and Impact Model of Program Development, as further exploration of CSM is needed to understand how the concepts of people, planet, and profits can mutually benefit and provide both behavioral and societal change within program development.
本研究的目的是扩展企业社会营销(CSM)文献,并为从业者提供一个可以在不同背景下使用的框架,因为现有文献缺乏对决定CSM项目成功的因素的理解,以及对跨部门合作伙伴关系、CSM、社会结果和影响交付之间的相互作用的理解。公司对解决社会问题越来越感兴趣,利用创新的CSR方法,如CSM,在匹配其核心优势和属性的同时,促进受众的行为改变(Kotler et al., 2012)。本文评估了CSM项目Mein Pragati如何发展持久的行为改变,并试图围绕其成功建立一个概念模型。研究问题:CSM如何对行为改变项目做出贡献?项目设计/方法对社会营销领域的重要性所提出的模型(项目开发的输入、结果和影响模型)提供了一种结构化的方法来建立一个CSM项目,改变企业、政府和非营利组织之间的行为和发展互利。方法采用案例研究的方法,分析了一个成功的普惠金融项目——全球分析公司CRISIL的Mein Pragati及其企业社会责任部门。这三项研究(对8名管理人员的深度访谈,对82名同伴教育者及其配偶的深度访谈,以及对248名受益者的调查访谈)揭示了项目发展、社会成果和社会影响之间的联系。基于这三项研究的结果,项目制定的跨部门投入、产出和结果模型提出了建立有效的企业社会责任干预措施的方法。单独来看,深度访谈的结果提供了CSM成功的专题概述,同伴教育者访谈确定了“我的Pragati”的影响和结果,受益人访谈展示了项目的成功。未来的研究可以对项目开发的投入、结果和影响模型进行实证检验,因为需要进一步探索CSM,以了解人、地球和利润的概念如何相互受益,并在项目开发中提供行为和社会变革。
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引用次数: 0
Development and Piloting of the Enhanced Integrated Behavioral Model to Frame a Social Marketing Campaigns for Teens 构建青少年社会营销活动的强化综合行为模型的开发与试点
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1177/15245004231209271
Emily A. Lilo, Judith McIntosh White, David Weiss
Background Teenagers are at high-risk of obesity and related co-morbidities, and yet, are notoriously challenging to engage for behavior change. Focus This work offers an innovative integrated theoretical model, the Enhanced Integrated Behavioral Model (EIBM), drawing from communication, persuasion, and behavior-change theories to inform social marketing. Research Question Can the EIBM prove effective to reach and engage teens in both behavior- and social norms-change? Program Design/Approach We used EIBM to pilot a social marketing campaign aimed at increasing water consumption among teens and their networks. Importance to Field Social marketing is an approach, not a theory. Behavior change models usually provide only limited instruction on messaging. Communication theories can lack practical application guidance. By combining both, we propose a theoretical framework to maximize social marketing campaigns. Methods We piloted a two-tiered social media driven social marketing campaign for high school students to promote increased water consumption and decreased sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in rural New Mexico to change their behaviors and engage them as change agents. Results Our campaign guided students through various stages of attitude, empowerment, and behavior change, for themselves and their families and friends, supporting our model’s utility for social marketing campaign design and implementation. Recommendations for Research Further testing of EIBM for social marketing.
青少年是肥胖和相关合并症的高危人群,然而,他们的行为改变是出了名的具有挑战性。这项工作提供了一个创新的综合理论模型,增强综合行为模型(EIBM),借鉴了沟通、说服和行为改变理论,为社会营销提供信息。研究问题:EIBM能否证明在行为和社会规范的改变中有效地接触和吸引青少年?项目设计/方法我们利用EIBM进行了一项社会营销活动的试点,旨在增加青少年及其网络的用水量。社会营销是一种方法,而不是一种理论。行为改变模型通常只提供有限的消息传递指导。传播学理论缺乏实际应用指导。通过两者的结合,我们提出了一个最大化社会营销活动的理论框架。我们针对新墨西哥州农村地区的高中生开展了一项两层社交媒体驱动的社会营销活动,以促进他们增加水的消耗和减少含糖饮料的消耗,从而改变他们的行为,并使他们成为变革的推动者。结果我们的活动引导学生通过态度、授权和行为改变的不同阶段,为他们自己和他们的家人和朋友,支持我们的模型在社会营销活动设计和实施中的实用性。EIBM对社会营销的进一步测试。
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引用次数: 0
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