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What is the insolvency regime applied under Shariah for Islamic banks? 伊斯兰教法对伊斯兰银行适用的破产制度是什么?
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-04-01 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-08-2023-0191
Ahmad Hidayat bin Md Nor, Aishath Muneeza, Magda Mohsin

Purpose

This study aims to develop a comprehensive insolvency model tailored to Islamic banks, ensuring alignment with Shariah principles throughout pre-insolvency, bankruptcy and post-bankruptcy stages.

Design/methodology/approach

The research adopts a qualitative research method, using a desktop research approach. Primary sources and secondary sources are examined to gather information and draw conclusions.

Findings

This study presents a comprehensive insolvency model designed for Islamic banks, rooted in Shariah principles. The model covers pre-insolvency, bankruptcy (taflis) and post-bankruptcy stages, incorporating key Shariah parameters to ensure adherence to Islamic finance principles. It addresses challenges such as adapting to dynamic financial landscapes and varying interpretations of Shariah principles. Notably, the model recognizes the separate legal personality of Islamic banks and emphasizes transparency, fairness and compliance with religious obligations. In the post-bankruptcy stage, directors are urged to voluntarily settle remaining debts, aligning with ethical and Shariah-compliant standards.

Originality/value

The study contributes to the stability and growth of Shariah-compliant financial systems by extending insolvency principles to Islamic banks, providing a foundation for future research and policymaking specific to this context.

目的本研究旨在为伊斯兰银行量身定制一个全面的破产模式,确保在整个破产前、破产和破产后阶段符合伊斯兰教法原则。研究结果本研究提出了一个为伊斯兰银行设计的、植根于伊斯兰教法原则的综合破产模式。该模型涵盖破产前、破产(taflis)和破产后阶段,纳入了关键的伊斯兰教法参数,以确保遵守伊斯兰金融原则。它解决了适应动态金融环境和对伊斯兰教教法原则的不同解释等挑战。值得注意的是,该模式承认伊斯兰银行的独立法人地位,并强调透明度、公平性和遵守宗教义务。在破产后阶段,敦促董事自愿清偿剩余债务,与道德和符合伊斯兰教法的标准保持一致。 原创性/价值该研究通过将破产原则扩展到伊斯兰银行,为符合伊斯兰教法的金融体系的稳定和发展做出了贡献,为未来针对这一背景的研究和决策奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the adverse impact of social media: development of a theoretical model using conspiracy theory from socio-legal perspective 研究社交媒体的负面影响:从社会法律角度运用阴谋论建立理论模型
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-02-2024-0045
Sheshadri Chatterjee, Demetris Vrontis, Zahid Hussain, Gianpaolo Basile, Rosario Bianco

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop a model for investigating the sharing of harmful messages by employees using social media using the conspiracy theory from a socio-legal perspective. This study also examines the moderating role of different demographic parameters such as age, gender and education toward sharing harmful messages using social media.

Design/methodology/approach

Using the conspiracy theory and social impact theory as the foundation of this study, the authors developed theoretical model and validated it using the structural equation modeling technique with 342 participants from various organizations across Europe and Asia. The study also used different statistical measures to understand the demographic impacts toward sharing harmful messages.

Findings

It was found that epistemic, existential and social motives significantly and positively influence employees’ inappropriate message-sharing and seeking behavior, which in turn influences them to share harmful messages on social media. The study also indicates that there are some moderating impacts of employee demography toward sharing harmful messages using social media platforms.

Research limitations/implications

This study investigates the antecedents of sharing harmful messages using social media by employees. The present study could be useful for the organizations leaders as well as policymakers and legal fraternity. The study uses a limited number of feedback to validate the model. Also, this is a cross-sectional study which is another limitation of this study.

Originality/value

This study has proposed and validated a theoretical model by using the conspiracy theory as well as the social impact theory which is unique. Moreover, this study adds value to the existing literature on the harmful impacts of social media and its societal impacts. Besides, the validated model of this study has a high explanatory power which is another uniqueness of this study.

本研究的目的是从社会法律的角度,利用阴谋论建立一个调查员工利用社交媒体分享有害信息的模型。本研究还探讨了年龄、性别和教育程度等不同人口统计参数对使用社交媒体分享有害信息的调节作用。设计/方法/途径作者以共谋理论和社会影响理论作为本研究的基础,建立了理论模型,并使用结构方程模型技术对来自欧洲和亚洲不同组织的 342 名参与者进行了验证。研究结果发现,认识动机、存在动机和社会动机对员工的不当信息分享和寻求行为有显著的积极影响,进而影响他们在社交媒体上分享有害信息。研究还表明,员工人口统计学对使用社交媒体平台分享有害信息有一定的调节作用。 研究局限/意义 本研究调查了员工使用社交媒体分享有害信息的前因。本研究可能对组织领导者、政策制定者和法律界人士有所帮助。本研究使用了数量有限的反馈信息来验证模型。此外,这是一项横截面研究,这也是本研究的另一个局限性。原创性/价值本研究通过使用阴谋论和社会影响理论提出并验证了一个理论模型,这是独一无二的。此外,本研究还为有关社交媒体的有害影响及其社会影响的现有文献增添了价值。此外,本研究验证的模型具有很高的解释力,这是本研究的另一个独特之处。
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引用次数: 0
Investors’ perception towards investor protection measures taken by the government of India and SEBI: an ordinal approach 投资者对印度政府和 SEBI 采取的投资者保护措施的看法:一种序数法
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-03-26 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-12-2023-0276
Jaspreet Kaur
<h3>Purpose</h3><p>This study aims to determine experimentally factors affecting the satisfaction of retail stock investors with various investor protection regulatory measures implemented by the Government of India and Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI). Also, an effort has been made to gauge the level of satisfaction of retail equities investors with the laws and guidelines developed by the Indian Government and SEBI for their invested funds.</p><!--/ Abstract__block --><h3>Design/methodology/approach</h3><p>To accomplish the study’s goals, a well-structured questionnaire was created with the help of a literature review, and copies of it were filled by Punjabi retail equities investors with the aid of stockbrokers, i.e. intermediaries. Amritsar, Jalandhar, Ludhiana and Mohali-area intermediaries were chosen using a random selection procedure. Xerox copies of the questionnaire were given to the intermediaries, who were then asked to collect responses from their clients. Some intermediaries requested the researcher to sit in their offices to collect responses from their clients. Only 373 questionnaires out of 1,000 questionnaires that were provided had been received back. Only 328 copies were correctly filled by the equity investors. To conduct the analysis, 328 copies, which were fully completed, were used as data. The appropriate approaches, such as descriptives, factor analysis and ordinal regression analysis, were used to study the data.</p><!--/ Abstract__block --><h3>Findings</h3><p>With the aid of factor analysis, four factors have been identified that influence investors’ satisfaction with various investor protection regulatory measures implemented by government and SEBI regulations, including regulations addressing primary and secondary market dealings, rules for investor awareness and protection, rules to prevent company malpractices and laws for corporate governance and investor protection. The impact of these four components on investor satisfaction has been investigated using ordinal regression analysis. The pseudo-<em>R</em>-square statistics for the ordinal regression model demonstrated the model’s capacity for the explanation. The findings suggested that a significant amount of the overall satisfaction score about the various investor protection measures implemented by the government/SEBI has been explained by the regression model.</p><!--/ Abstract__block --><h3>Research limitations/implications</h3><p>A study could be conducted to analyse the perspective of various stakeholders towards the disclosures made and norms followed by corporate houses. The current study may be expanded to cover the entire nation because it is only at the state level currently. It might be conceivable to examine how investments made in the retail capital market affect investors in rural areas. The influence of reforms on the functioning of stock markets could potentially be examined through another study. It could be possible to undert
目的 本研究旨在通过实验确定影响散户股票投资者对印度政府和印度证券交易委员会(SEBI)实施的各种投资者保护监管措施的满意度的因素。为了实现研究目标,我们在文献综述的帮助下制作了一份结构合理的调查问卷,并在股票经纪人(即中介机构)的帮助下由旁遮普股票散户投资者填写。阿姆利则、贾兰达尔、卢迪亚纳和莫哈里地区的中介机构是通过随机选择程序选出的。调查问卷的复印件发给了中介,然后要求他们向客户收集答复。一些中介要求研究人员到他们的办公室收集客户的答复。在提供的 1000 份问卷中,只收回了 373 份。股票投资者正确填写的只有 328 份。为了进行分析,我们使用了完整填写的 328 份问卷作为数据。研究结果借助因子分析,确定了影响投资者对政府和证监会实施的各种投资者保护监管措施满意度的四个因素,包括一级和二级市场交易监管、投资者意识和保护规则、防止公司不当行为的规则以及公司治理和投资者保护法律。这四个部分对投资者满意度的影响采用了序数回归分析法进行研究。序数回归模型的假R平方统计量证明了模型的解释能力。研究的局限性/意义可以开展一项研究,分析各利益相关者对公司披露信息和遵循规范的看法。由于目前的研究仅局限于州一级,因此可以将目前的研究扩大到全国范围。可以考虑研究零售资本市场的投资如何影响农村地区的投资者。可以通过另一项研究来探讨改革对股票市场运作的影响。可以研究女性投资者对零售投资趋势的了解。可以在印度研究数字股票交易的影响。实际意义这项研究对监管机构制定保护散户股票投资者的政策极为有用。投资者需要得到保障和保护才能在证券市场自由交易,因此在投资者保护措施方面应给予他们更多自由。证券交易所应具备在交易中引入先进技术的潜力,以保护投资者免受任何形式的经济损失。由于政府有权制定规章制度,加强对投资者的保护。社会影响这项工作具有社会意义。因为如果有足够的规章制度来保护投资者,他们就能自由投资。公司将明智地使用资本并从中获利。公司应从利润中承担起企业社会责任,因为公司只是社会的一部分。 原创性/价值许多投资者可能缺乏必要的专业知识,无法做出正确的财务判断。他们可能不了解各种投资选择的全部风险回报情况。但是,他们必须了解印度政府及印度证券交易委员会(SEBI)为保障他们的利益而采取的各种投资者保护措施。投资者必须充分了解在与市场中介机构打交道时以及在股票市场上应采取的预防措施。
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引用次数: 0
Blockchain-based governance models in e-government: a comprehensive framework for legal, technical, ethical and security considerations 电子政务中基于区块链的治理模式:法律、技术、道德和安全考虑因素综合框架
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-03-22 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-08-2023-0172
Ghulam Mustafa, Waqas Rafiq, Naveed Jhamat, Zeeshan Arshad, Farhana Aziz Rana

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate blockchain as an e-government governance model. It assesses its alignment with legal frameworks, emphasizing robustness against disruptions and adherence to existing laws.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper explores blockchain’s potential in e-government, focusing on legal, ethical and governance aspects. It conducts an in-depth analysis of blockchain’s integration into data governance, emphasizing legal compliance and resilient security protocols.

Findings

The study comprehensively evaluates blockchain’s implementation, covering privacy, interoperability, consensus mechanisms, scalability and regulatory alignment. It highlights governance’s critical role in ensuring legal compliance within blockchain paradigms.

Research limitations/implications

Ethical and legal concerns arising from blockchain adoption remain unresolved. The study underscores how blockchain challenges its core principles of anonymity and decentralization in e-government settings.

Practical implications

The framework outlined offers potential for diverse technological environments, albeit raising ethical and legal queries. It emphasizes governance’s pivotal role in achieving legal compliance in blockchain adoption.

Social implications

Blockchain’s impact on legal and ethical facets necessitates further exploration to align with its core principles while addressing governance in e-government settings.

Originality/value

This study presents a robust framework for assessing blockchain’s viability in e-government, emphasizing legal compliance, despite ethical and legal intricacies that challenge its fundamental principles.

目的本研究旨在评估区块链作为一种电子政务治理模式。本文探讨了区块链在电子政务中的潜力,重点关注法律、道德和治理方面。研究结果该研究全面评估了区块链的实施情况,涉及隐私、互操作性、共识机制、可扩展性和监管协调。研究局限性/影响采用区块链引发的伦理和法律问题仍未得到解决。本研究强调了区块链如何在电子政务环境中挑战其匿名和去中心化的核心原则。社会影响区块链对法律和道德方面的影响需要进一步探索,以符合其核心原则,同时解决电子政务环境中的治理问题。原创性/价值本研究提出了一个强大的框架,用于评估区块链在电子政务中的可行性,强调法律合规性,尽管错综复杂的道德和法律问题对其基本原则提出了挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Digital market and its adequacy of merger assessment in Indonesian business competition law 印度尼西亚商业竞争法中的数字市场及其兼并评估的充分性
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-08-2023-0185
Sukarmi Sukarmi, Kukuh Tejomurti, Udin Silalahi

Purpose

This study aims to analyze the development of digital market characteristics particularly focusing on how the strategic choices of platforms are not fully reflected in pricing. In addition, the implications for the development of theories of harm are investigated to explore the necessity of a relevant market definition in assessing infringement and evaluating the adequacy of Indonesian competition law.

Design/methodology/approach

This study is a legal analysis that uses statutory approaches, cases, comparative law and the development of theories of harm in digital mergers. The case approach is conducted by analyzing three cases decided by the Indonesia Business Competition Supervisory Commission. This approach provides insight into the response of Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha concerning the merger and acquisition cases in the digital era as well as the provision of different analyses in conventional markets. However, competition can be potentially damaged in digital markets and a comparative law approach is taken by analyzing digital merger cases decided by authorities in other countries.

Findings

Results reveal that the digital market has created a “relevant market” that is challenging and blurred due to multi-sided network effects and consumer data usage characteristics. Platform-based enterprises’ prices fluctuate due to the digital market’s network effect and consumer data statistics. Smartphone prices depend on the number of apps and consumer data. Neoclassical theory focusing on product markets and location applied in Indonesia must be revised to establish a relevant digital economy market. To evaluate digital mergers, new harm theories are needed. The merger should also protect consumer data. Law Number 27 of 2022 on Personal Data Protection and Government Regulation on the Implementation of Electronic Systems and Transactions protects online consumers, a basic step in due diligence for digital mergers. The Indonesian Government should promptly strengthen the notion of “relevant markets” in the digital economy, which could lead to fair business competition violations like big data control. Notify partners or digital merger participants of the accessibility of sensitive data like transaction history and user location.

Originality/value

The development of digital market characteristics has implications for developing theories of harm in digital markets. Indonesian competition law needs to develop such theories of harm to analyze the potential for anticompetitive digital mergers in the digital economy era.

目的 本研究旨在分析数字市场特征的发展,尤其关注平台的战略选择如何未在定价中得到充分反映。此外,还研究了损害理论发展的影响,以探讨在评估侵权行为和评价印尼竞争法的适当性时,相关市场定义的必要性。本研究是一项法律分析,使用了法定方法、案例、比较法和数字兼并中损害理论的发展。案例分析法通过分析印度尼西亚商业竞争监督委员会裁决的三个案例进行。这种方法有助于深入了解印尼商业竞争监督委员会(Komisi Pengawas Persaingan Usaha)对数字时代并购案的回应,以及对传统市场的不同分析。研究结果显示,由于多方网络效应和消费者数据使用特点,数字市场创造了一个具有挑战性和模糊性的 "相关市场"。平台型企业的价格因数字市场的网络效应和消费者数据统计而波动。智能手机的价格取决于应用程序的数量和消费者数据。印尼应用的新古典理论侧重于产品市场和地点,必须加以修正,以建立相关的数字经济市场。为了评估数字兼并,需要新的损害理论。合并还应保护消费者数据。2022 年第 27 号《个人数据保护法》和《关于实施电子系统和交易的政府条例》保护在线消费者,这是数字兼并尽职调查的基本步骤。印尼政府应及时强化数字经济中 "相关市场 "的概念,这可能会导致违反公平商业竞争的行为,如大数据控制。通知合作伙伴或数字兼并参与者交易历史和用户位置等敏感数据的可获取性。原创性/价值数字市场特征的发展对数字市场损害理论的发展具有影响。印尼竞争法需要发展此类损害理论,以分析数字经济时代反竞争数字兼并的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Legal uncertainty of municipal bond issuance: a case study of Indonesia and Vietnam 市政债券发行的法律不确定性:印度尼西亚和越南案例研究
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-12-2023-0272
Benny Hutahayan, Mohamad Fadli, Satria Amiputra Amimakmur, Reka Dewantara

Purpose

This study aims to analyze the causes and implications of legal uncertainty in the issuance of conventional municipal bonds in Indonesia and to draw lessons from Vietnam’s approach in providing better legal certainty.

Design/methodology/approach

This study adopts a normative legal method with a legislative approach and applies a comparative approach. Data sources involve primary and secondary legal materials from both Indonesia and Vietnam.

Findings

The legal uncertainty is caused by a lack of coherence and consistency in legislation. Based on Vietnam’s experience, Indonesia can gain valuable insights related to providing strong legal certainty for parties involved in issuing or investing through conventional municipal bonds.

Research limitations/implications

This study focuses on the comparative legal analysis of conventional municipal bonds in Indonesia with Vietnam.

Practical implications

This research provides recommendations for the refinement of legislation regarding conventional municipal bonds to the government.

Social implications

This study is related to legal certainty as a strategy to attract investment through municipal bonds and to ensure the municipal bond issuance process is transparent and efficient.

Originality/value

This study provides a comparative perspective on the issuance of municipal bonds in Indonesia, with a special focus on Vietnam, emphasizing the urgency of harmonization in legal regulation and the sustainability of legal certainty.

目的本研究旨在分析印尼常规市政债券发行中法律不确定性的原因和影响,并从越南提供更好的法律确定性的方法中吸取经验教训。研究结果法律的不确定性是由立法缺乏连贯性和一致性造成的。基于越南的经验,印尼可以获得宝贵的启示,为参与发行或投资传统市政债券的各方提供强有力的法律确定性。研究局限性/意义本研究侧重于印尼和越南传统市政债券的比较法律分析。社会意义本研究与法律确定性有关,法律确定性是通过市政债券吸引投资并确保市政债券发行过程透明、高效的策略。原创性/价值本研究提供了印尼市政债券发行的比较视角,特别关注越南,强调了法律监管协调的紧迫性和法律确定性的可持续性。
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引用次数: 0
The IFRS adoption, corporate tax avoidance and the moderating effect of family ownership 国际财务报告准则》的采用、公司避税以及家族所有权的调节作用
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-03-13 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-06-2023-0135
Salma Chakroun, Anis Ben Amar

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the influence of the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) adoption on corporate tax avoidance (CTA). In addition, this study aims to explore whether family ownership moderates the impact of IFRS adoption on CTA.

Design/methodology/approach

The authors used a sample of 1,856 firms from various countries around the world, covering the period between 2010 and 2022. To estimate the proposed econometric models, the authors applied both fixed and random effects regression methods.

Findings

The present findings show that IFRS adoption has a negative impact on CTA, as measured by the effective tax rate and book-tax differences. This negative impact is more pronounced in “common law” countries than in “civil law countries.” Additionally, the authors found that family ownership plays a moderating role by positively affecting the impact of IFRS adoption on CTA.

Practical implications

The findings have practical, regulatory and academic implications for fostering accountability and fairness in taxation. This study suggests that implementing IFRS reduces tax avoidance and emphasizes the need for firms to evaluate the implications of IFRS adoption on their tax-planning strategies. It highlights the importance of aligning financial reporting practices with international standards to enhance transparency and minimize tax avoidance opportunities. The differential impact of IFRS adoption between “common law” and “civil law” countries underscores the role of legal and regulatory frameworks. In addition, family ownership plays a significant role in shaping tax-planning strategies. From an academic perspective, this research provides a foundation for further exploration into the relationship between IFRS adoption and tax avoidance.

Originality/value

The existing literature has predominantly concentrated on examining the effect of IFRS adoption on CTA, and the empirical findings have been inconsistent. This study introduces a novel perspective by considering the moderating influence of family ownership in determining the impact of IFRS adoption on CTA.

本文旨在研究采用《国际财务报告准则》(IFRS)对企业避税(CTA)的影响。此外,本研究还旨在探讨家族所有权是否会调节《国际财务报告准则》的采用对企业避税的影响。设计/方法/途径作者使用了来自全球不同国家的 1856 家公司作为样本,时间跨度为 2010 年至 2022 年。为了估算所提出的计量经济学模型,作者采用了固定效应和随机效应回归方法。研究结果本研究结果表明,采用《国际财务报告准则》对 CTA 有负面影响,具体影响以实际税率和账面税率差异衡量。这种负面影响在 "英美法系 "国家比在 "大陆法系 "国家更为明显。此外,作者还发现,家族所有权发挥了调节作用,对采用《国际财务报告准则》对 CTA 的影响产生了积极影响。这项研究表明,实施《国际财务报告准则》可以减少避税行为,并强调企业有必要评估采用《国际财务报告准则》对其税收筹划战略的影响。它强调了财务报告做法与国际标准接轨的重要性,以提高透明度并最大限度地减少避税机会。采用《国际财务报告准则》对 "英美法系 "和 "大陆法系 "国家的不同影响凸显了法律和监管框架的作用。此外,家族所有权在形成税务规划战略方面也发挥着重要作用。从学术角度看,本研究为进一步探讨《国际财务报告准则》的采用与避税之间的关系奠定了基础。 原创性/价值现有文献主要集中于研究《国际财务报告准则》的采用对 CTA 的影响,实证研究结果并不一致。本研究通过考虑家族所有权在决定采用《国际财务报告准则》对 CTA 的影响方面的调节作用,引入了一个新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
Reconnoitering the impact of corporate governance on carbon emission disclosure in an emerging setting 重新认识新兴环境下公司治理对碳排放披露的影响
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-03-12 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-11-2023-0251
Ankita Bedi, Balwinder Singh

Purpose

This study aims to determine the influence of corporate governance characteristics on carbon emission disclosure in an emerging economy.

Design/methodology/approach

The study is based on S&P BSE 500 Indian firms for the period of 6 years from 2016–2017 to 2021–2022. The panel data regression models are used to gauge the association between corporate governance and carbon emission disclosure.

Findings

The empirical findings of the study support the positive and significant association between board activity intensity, environment committee and carbon emission disclosure. This evinced that the board activity intensity and presence of the environment committee have a critical role in carbon emission disclosure. On the contrary, findings reveal a significant and negative relationship between board size and carbon emission disclosure.

Practical implications

The present study provides treasured insights to regulators, policymakers, investors and corporate managers, as the study corroborates that various corporate governance characteristics exert significant influence on carbon emission disclosure.

Originality/value

The current research work provides novel insights into corporate governance and climate change literature that good corporate governance significantly boosts the carbon emission disclosure of firms. Previous studies examining the impact of corporate governance on carbon emission disclosure ignored emerging economies. Thus, the current work explores the role of governance mechanisms on carbon emission disclosure in an emerging context. Further, to the best of the author’s knowledge, the current study is the first of its kind to investigate the role of corporate governance on carbon emission disclosure in the Indian context.

本研究旨在确定新兴经济体中公司治理特征对碳排放披露的影响。研究基于 S&P BSE 500 家印度公司,时间跨度为 2016-2017 年至 2021-2022 年,为期 6 年。研究结果该研究的实证结果表明,董事会活动强度、环境委员会和碳排放披露之间存在显著的正相关关系。这表明,董事会活动强度和环境委员会的存在对碳排放披露起着至关重要的作用。本研究为监管者、政策制定者、投资者和企业管理者提供了宝贵的启示,因为本研究证实了各种公司治理特征对碳排放信息披露具有重要影响。以往有关公司治理对碳排放披露影响的研究忽略了新兴经济体。因此,本研究探讨了新兴背景下治理机制对碳排放披露的作用。此外,据作者所知,目前的研究是首次在印度背景下研究公司治理对碳排放披露的作用。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm financial performance: does corporate governance matter? 企业社会责任对公司财务业绩的影响:公司治理重要吗?
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-09-2023-0203
Manel Gharbi, Anis Jarboui

Purpose

This study investigated how corporate social responsibility (CSR) impacts financial performance (FP) and examined the moderated role of corporate governance (CG). In particular, this paper aims to empirically examine the impact of CG on the relationship between CSR and FP.

Design/methodology/approach

This study was based on a sample of 200 firms over 2010/2021. The direct and moderating effects were tested by using multiple regression techniques.

Findings

The empirical findings indicated that companies with higher levels of CSR reporting invested more effectively than companies with lower CSR reporting levels. The empirical analysis suggested two main findings: CSR has a significant effect on FP, and this relationship depends on CG practices. This research presents new evidence that improves the discussion around CSR involvement and FP in French firms. Then, this research shows that CG positively moderates the impact of CSR on corporate FP.

Originality/value

These findings may be of interest to academic researchers, practitioners and regulators interested in discovering dividend policies, FP and CSR. The findings may interest different stakeholders, policymakers and regulatory bodies interested in enhancing CG initiatives to strengthen CSR because it suggests implementing a broadly accepted framework of good CG practices to meet the demand for greater transparency and accountability.

目的 本研究探讨了企业社会责任(CSR)如何影响财务绩效(FP),并考察了公司治理(CG)的调节作用。尤其是,本文旨在实证研究公司治理对企业社会责任与财务绩效之间关系的影响。设计/方法/途径本研究以 2010/2021 年间的 200 家公司为样本。实证研究结果表明,企业社会责任报告水平较高的公司比企业社会责任报告水平较低的公司投资更有效。实证分析得出了两个主要结论:企业社会责任对FP有重大影响,而这种关系取决于企业社会责任实践。这项研究提供了新的证据,从而改进了围绕法国企业社会责任参与和财务自由的讨论。原创性/价值这些发现可能会引起对发现股利政策、财务自由和企业社会责任感兴趣的学术研究人员、从业人员和监管人员的兴趣。不同的利益相关者、政策制定者和监管机构可能会对这些研究结果感兴趣,他们都希望通过加强企业管治措施来强化企业社会责任,因为这些研究结果表明,应实施一个广为接受的良好企业管治实践框架,以满足提高透明度和问责制的要求。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the complexities of binding international law on international organisations 探讨国际法对国际组织约束力的复杂性
IF 1.5 Q1 LAW Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-08-2023-0186
Samiksha Mathur, Sonu Agarwal

Purpose

This paper aims to discuss the positioning of international organisations (IOs) in the realm of international law. It proposes a more robust approach, arguing IOs have legal obligations akin to states to the extent which could be fulfilled by them. This paper suggests making IOs parties to international treaties like the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR), International Covenant on Economic Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) and Geneva Convention 1949 to codify their international responsibilities. In addition, it proposes amending multilateral treaties to grant IOs membership and create binding legal obligations for them, thereby enhancing the overall legal framework for IOs.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper opted for qualitative analytical approach of research by referring to international treaties and scholarly papers.

Findings

The authors have evaluated the bindingness of international law on IOs. The authors argue that jus cogens and customary international law are equally binding on IOs. However, treaties could only be binding on IOs to the extent of their consent. The authors have assessed prior violations of IOs. The authors argue that, to prevent such violations by IOs, creating obligations is the first step. Second, amendments are required in the existing international treaties that reflect the foundations of international humanitarian and international human rights law like the Geneva Convention 1949, ICCPR, and ICESCR, to permit IOs to join these treaties, resulting in binding international legal obligations.

Research limitations/implications

The most prominent assertion of this paper is that IOs as subjects of international law are bound by the principles of international law, including treaty law with consent, customary international laws, general principles of law and peremptory norms. To fulfil these obligations, a regime needs to be introduced wherein amendment is made in treaties to make IOs parties to them and structuring the law on responsibility for IOs. Considering the multifaceted nature of IO, the role it performs in contemporary times requires them to be bound by rules of international law just like states. There is a need to settle their position in global governance and give them more teeth to understand and fulfil their duties to ensure smooth functioning in the long run.

Originality/value

The paper fulfils an identified gap in the positioning of IOs under the international law.

本文旨在讨论国际组织在国际法领域中的定位。本文提出了一种更为稳健的方法,认为国际组织在其可以履行的范围内负有与国家类似的法律义务。本文建议让国际组织成为《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》(ICCPR)、《经济、社会、文化权利国际公约》(ICESCR)和《1949 年日内瓦公约》等国际条约的缔约国,以编纂其国际责任。此外,本文还建议修改多边条约,以授予国际组织成员资格并为其规定具有约束力的法律义务,从而加强国际组织的整体法律框架。研究结果作者评估了国际法对国际组织的约束力。作者认为,强制法和习惯国际法对国际组织具有同等约束力。然而,条约只能在国际组织同意的范围内对其具有约束力。作者评估了事先违反国际组织的情况。作者认为,要防止国际组织的此类违约行为,首先要确立义务。其次,需要对反映国际人道法和国际人权法基础的现有国际条约(如《1949 年日内瓦公约》、《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》和《经济、社会、文化权利国际公约》)进行修订,以允许国际组织加入这些条约,从而产生具有约束力的国际法律义务。研究局限/影响本文最突出的主张是,国际组织作为国际法的主体,受国际法原则的约束,包括经同意的条约法、习惯国际法、一般法律原则和强制性规范。为履行这些义务,需要引入一种制度,对条约进行修订,使国际组织成为条约缔约方,并构建国际组织责任法。考虑到国际组织的多面性,其在当代发挥的作用要求它们像国家一样受国际法规则的约束。有必要确定国际组织在全球治理中的地位,让国际组织有更多机会了解和履行其职责,以确保国际组织的长期顺利运作。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Law and Management
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