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The fight for our personal data: analyzing the economics of data and privacy on digital platforms 争夺我们的个人数据:分析数字平台上的数据和隐私经济学
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-12-2022-0258
Nofie Iman
PurposePersonal data is a powerful tool. The more someone know about us, the more power they got over us. But who will control the most of our personal data? Does the government and the big tech really care about our personal data? This paper aims to look at data practices, data-related policy making as well as its economic consequences in the context of emerging economies.Design/methodology/approachUsing qualitative methods such as literature review and analysis of numerous government documents, this paper inquires into the dynamics in the use of data by the business sectors, explains how data governance can add value to the business sectors while ensuring customers’ data privacy protection based on the data governance mechanism framework and details what it takes.FindingsUsing the case of Indonesian recent development on data privacy regulation, this paper describes the problems and threats to personal data protection. The advent of latest computing and mobile technology is shifting power relations between the governments, the big tech, as well as the end users. To conclude, the strategy and policy recommendations for implementing data privacy protection are also presented.Originality/valueThis paper provides a timely synthesis of data practices in the context of developing countries, particularly in relation to policy making and economic consequences. This paper also identifies and shares several promising future research ideas.
目的个人数据是一种强大的工具。别人对我们的了解越多,他们对我们的控制力就越强。但谁将控制我们的大部分个人数据?政府和大型科技公司真的关心我们的个人数据吗?本文旨在研究新兴经济体背景下的数据实践、数据相关政策制定及其经济后果。设计/方法/途径本文采用文献综述和分析大量政府文件等定性方法,探究了商业部门使用数据的动态,解释了数据治理如何在确保客户数据隐私保护的同时,根据数据治理机制框架为商业部门增加价值,并详细说明了数据治理所需的条件。研究结果本文以印度尼西亚数据隐私法规的最新发展为例,描述了个人数据保护面临的问题和威胁。最新计算和移动技术的出现正在改变政府、大型科技公司和最终用户之间的权力关系。最后,本文还提出了实施数据隐私保护的策略和政策建议。 原创性/价值 本文及时综合了发展中国家的数据实践,特别是与政策制定和经济后果相关的数据实践。本文还确定并分享了几种有前途的未来研究思路。
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引用次数: 0
Taking the edge of ostracism – a slow death: from socio-legal perspective 从社会法律角度看排斥的边缘--缓慢的死亡
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-26 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-01-2024-0011
Swati Chaudhury, Aditi Gupta, Kiran Nair, Apoorva Vats, Ranjan Chaudhuri, Zahid Hussain, Sheshadri Chatterjee

Purpose

First, with real-life examples and current research, this study aims to demonstrate the existence of various forms of ostracism (linguistic, gender, social and workplace). Second, following the “need-threat model,” this research addresses the previously unaddressed topic of coping with, reducing, mitigating or curbing workplace ostracism. Moreover, the researchers also proposed a “multiplying effect model” of ostracism.

Design/methodology/approach

Data was gathered from 199 service sector employees. The NVivo software is used for the thematic analysis of qualitative data(suggestions) gathered using open ended question on how to mitigate/reduce/curb ostracism.

Findings

The results generated were the suggestive measures, which were further categorized under three major themes: individual, society and organizational. The measures to reduce, mitigate and stop the practices of workplace ostracism can be initiated on all these three levels.

Originality/value

This is the only study that addresses the subject of decreasing, alleviating or eliminating workplace ostracism and explains the compounding effect of ostracism by suggesting a multiplying effect model. The study will pique the interest of the government and legislators to propose legal measures to prevent ostracism and achieve sustainable development goals (gender equality and reduced inequalities. The study’s practical, social, theoretical and managerial utility are discussed in the implications section.

目的首先,本研究通过现实生活中的例子和当前的研究,旨在证明存在各种形式的排斥(语言、性别、社会和工作场所)。其次,根据 "需求-威胁模型",本研究探讨了应对、减少、缓解或遏制职场排斥这一以往未曾涉及的话题。此外,研究人员还提出了排斥的 "乘数效应模型"。使用 NVivo 软件对收集到的定性数据(建议)进行了专题分析,并使用开放式问题来询问如何缓解/减少/遏制排斥现象。研究结果研究结果是建议性措施,这些措施被进一步归类为三大主题:个人、社会和组织。原创性/价值这是唯一一项针对减少、缓解或消除工作场所排斥现象的研究,并通过提出一个乘法效应模型解释了排斥现象的复合效应。这项研究将激发政府和立法者的兴趣,提出法律措施,防止排斥现象,实现可持续发展目标(性别平等和减少不平等)。本研究在实践、社会、理论和管理方面的实用性将在影响部分进行讨论。
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引用次数: 0
When the goose stops laying golden eggs: supervening loss of trust in long-term contracts under the PICC 当鹅不再下金蛋时:PICC 下长期合同信任缺失的加剧
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-21 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-11-2023-0246
Hassan Mohamed
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the supervening loss of inter-organisational trust in long-term commercial contracts. The underlying research question is whether contract law – the legal institution regulating economic exchanges – should intervene and enable a party to a long-term commercial contract to extricate itself from a situation where a relationship of trust has broken down irretrievably.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses doctrinal methodology and theoretical conceptualisation to answer the underlying research question. The legal instrument chosen for analysis purposes is the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts. This paper also draws on extant literature on inter-organisational trust (including conceptual and empirical studies) to support the arguments and propositions. Furthermore, this study proceeds to assess the substantive justifiability of the proposed remedial measure using four normative values: legal certainty and predictability, protection of the performance interest, economic efficiency and the preservation of the relation.FindingsThe central argument put forward in this paper is the reformulation of draft Article 6.3.1 proposed by the UNIDROIT Working Group on Long-Term Contracts, which confers a novel right to terminate for a compelling reason. This paper presents a multidimensional model of inter-organisational trust that would serve as the conceptual framework for the proposed reformulation of the provision and establishes a coherent juridical basis for the legal solution that would accord with the Principles of International Commercial Contracts’ general remedial scheme. As for the normative assessment, this paper demonstrates that the proposed remedial measure would significantly promote efficient outcomes and positively serve the norms of legal certainty, protection of the performance interest and the preservation of the relation.Originality/valueThis paper addresses the lacuna in current legal scholarship in relation to the adverse socio-economic effects following trust violation and deterioration in inter-organisational relationships. Additionally, the propositions and findings should contribute to the workings of the UNIDROIT in adopting new rules and principles that would serve the special requirements of cross-border trade.
本文旨在研究长期商业合同中组织间信任的不断丧失。研究的基本问题是,合同法--规范经济交流的法律机构--是否应进行干预,使长期商业合同的一方能够摆脱信任关系已无可挽回地破裂的局面。为分析目的而选择的法律文书是国际统一私法协会的《国际商事合同通则》。本文还借鉴了有关组织间信任的现有文献(包括概念研究和实证研究),以支持论点和命题。此外,本研究还着手利用四种规范价值来评估拟议补救措施的实质合理性:法律确定性和可预见性、履约利益保护、经济效率和关系维护。 研究结果本文提出的中心论点是重新拟订国际统一私法协会长期合同工作组提出的第 6.3.1 条草案,该草案赋予了一项新的权利,即以令人信服的理由终止合同。本文提出了一个组织间信任的多维模型,该模型将作为拟议重新拟订该条款的概念框架,并为符合《国际商事合同通则》一般补救方案的法律解决方案奠定了一致的司法基础。至于规范性评估,本文表明拟议的补救措施将极大地促进有效结果,并积极服务于法律确定性、履约利益保护和关系维护等规范。此外,本文的主张和结论应有助于国际统一私法协会通过新的规则和原则来满足跨境贸易的特殊要求。
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引用次数: 0
Intellectual capital efficiency: the missing piece to your corporate governance and profitability puzzle 知识资本效率:公司治理和盈利难题中缺失的一环
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-09-2023-0205
Misal Ijaz, Abeera Zarrar, Farah Naz

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the synergy of corporate governance (CG) with intellectual capital (IC) and to assess the moderating effect of profitability indicator on the aforementioned synergy using agency theory, resource-based view theory and theory of financial ratios as conceptual frameworks.

Design/methodology/approach

The sample includes 72 companies with a six-year data set drawn from the KSE 100 Index companies of Pakistan. In addition, the study adopts Pulic’s model to compute the efficiency of IC. The research uses fixed-effect panel regression for analysis and two-stage least squares regression (2SLS) to address endogeneity issues in the estimation process.

Findings

The results showcased that chief executive officer duality possesses negligible impact on IC efficiency (ICE), while independent directors, audit committees and board size tend to attain a strong association with IC. Moreover, it postulates that the moderation of return on equity strengthens the path between all governance components and ICE significantly.

Originality/value

The research uses a 2SLS regression analysis to explore how CG practices take hold on the effectiveness of IC in Pakistan while taking into account the moderating impact of profitability. The findings add to the body of knowledge on the value that strong governance practices have on businesses and society.

本研究的目的是以代理理论、资源观理论和财务比率理论为概念框架,评估公司治理(CG)与知识资本(IC)的协同作用,并评估盈利能力指标对上述协同作用的调节作用。此外,研究还采用了普利克模型来计算集成电路的效率。研究结果表明,首席执行官双重性对集成电路效率(ICE)的影响微乎其微,而独立董事、审计委员会和董事会规模往往与集成电路有密切联系。此外,研究还推测,股本回报率的调节作用会显著加强所有治理要素与 ICE 之间的关系。原创性/价值该研究采用 2SLS 回归分析,探讨了企业管治实践如何影响巴基斯坦 IC 的有效性,同时考虑了盈利能力的调节作用。研究结果丰富了关于强有力的治理实践对企业和社会的价值的知识体系。
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引用次数: 0
Green banking laws and regulations in Mauritius: a comparative study with other countries’ policies 毛里求斯的绿色银行法律法规:与其他国家政策的比较研究
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-20 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-10-2023-0243
A. Beebeejaun, Teekshna Maharoo
PurposeFinancial institutions, including banks, have their responsibilities to contribute towards the preservation of the environment. Green banking is an emerging concept that involves eco-friendly initiatives by banks and although Mauritius lacks a comprehensive regulatory framework for green banking, there exists a few green regulations and guidelines. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to critically analyse the existing legal and regulatory framework on green banking in Mauritius. It is expected that this study will showcase the need for some more robust and proper green banking legal and regulatory framework in Mauritius.Design/methodology/approachTo achieve the research objective, a black-letter analysis is used to analyse the existing regulatory framework in Mauritius. Moreover, a comparative analysis of the current legal frameworks on green banking in countries like Bangladesh, Indonesia, Pakistan and the UK is carried out.FindingsThis study recommends the establishment of a guideline or legal framework for green banking, a Sustainable Finance Policy, a legal binding framework for issuance of bonds, adoption of a Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosure guideline, compulsory environmental reporting and disclosures and a green standard rating.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this research is among the first literature on green banking laws, especially in the context of a developing country being Mauritius, and it is anticipated that the findings are of use not only to academics but also to the wider community in general.
目的包括银行在内的金融机构有责任为保护环境做出贡献。绿色银行是一个新兴概念,涉及银行的生态友好举措,虽然毛里求斯缺乏绿色银行的全面监管框架,但存在一些绿色法规和准则。因此,本研究的目的是批判性地分析毛里求斯现有的绿色银行法律和监管框架。为实现研究目标,本研究采用黑字分析法来分析毛里求斯现有的监管框架。此外,还对孟加拉国、印度尼西亚、巴基斯坦和英国等国现行的绿色银行业务法律框架进行了比较分析。研究结果本研究建议制定绿色银行业务指南或法律框架、可持续金融政策、具有法律约束力的债券发行框架、通过气候相关财务披露工作组指南、强制性环境报告和披露以及绿色标准评级。独创性/价值 据作者所知,本研究是关于绿色银行法的首批文献之一,尤其是在毛里求斯这样一个发展中国家的背景下,预计研究结果不仅对学术界有用,而且对更广泛的社会也有用。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing creditor decision-making in South African business rescue proceedings: a comprehensive analysis of information requirements in business rescue plans 加强南非企业拯救程序中的债权人决策:全面分析企业拯救计划中的信息要求
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-19 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-10-2023-0234
Mamekwa Katlego Kekana, Marius Pretorius, Nicole Varela Aguiar De Abreu

Purpose

Business rescue, as a mechanism to aid financially distressed companies in South Africa, has received considerable academic and practical recognition. However, the business rescue plan is an overlooked and, perhaps, underdeveloped aspect of the regime. For stakeholders, this is the ultimate decision-making document. Creditors are the most influential stakeholders in business rescue proceedings owing to their voting rights. For creditors to make informed decisions and exercise their votes meaningfully, the business rescue plan should be transparent and adequately disclose relevant and reliable information. This study aims to identify creditors’ primary information needs to enhance the sufficiency and decision-usefulness of business rescue plans, not only to entice the vote of creditors but to enforce accountability from practitioners.

Design/methodology/approach

Using a qualitative research design, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 executives from 10 South African financial institutions.

Findings

The findings reveal that comprehensive disclosure of financial, commercial and legal information in business rescue plans was a critical antecedent for stakeholder decision-making. Additionally, leadership and social impact information were influential determinants. This study advances academic knowledge and, for practitioners, adds value to the development of business rescue plans. This can enhance creditors' confidence in supporting the rescue effort and approving the plan.

Practical implications

This study advances academic knowledge and, for practitioners, adds value to the development of business rescue plans. This can enhance creditors' confidence in supporting the rescue effort and approving the plan.

Originality/value

The originality of this article lies in its investigation of how creditors assess the information in BR plans as a precursor to supporting the company’s reorganisation in a creditor-friendly business rescue system such as South Africa. This study provides novel insights into the decision-making process, particularly how creditors assess BR plans, address information asymmetry and vote on the plan.

目的 企业拯救作为南非援助陷入财务困境公司的一种机制,在学术界和实践中都得到了广泛认可。然而,企业拯救计划是该机制中被忽视的一个方面,或许也是发展不足的一个方面。对于利益相关者来说,这是最终的决策文件。在企业拯救程序中,债权人因其投票权而成为最具影响力的利益相关者。为使债权人做出知情决定并有意义地行使投票权,企业拯救计划应具有透明度,并充分披露相关的可靠信息。本研究旨在确定债权人的主要信息需求,以提高企业拯救计划的充分性和决策有用性,这不仅是为了吸引债权人投票,也是为了加强从业者的责任感。研究结果研究结果表明,企业拯救计划中财务、商业和法律信息的全面披露是利益相关者决策的关键先决条件。此外,领导力和社会影响信息也是有影响力的决定因素。这项研究不仅促进了学术知识的发展,而且为从业人员制定企业拯救计划增添了价值。对实践者而言,这项研究为企业拯救计划的制定增添了价值。原创性/价值本文的原创性在于它调查了在南非这样一个对债权人友好的企业拯救体系中,债权人如何评估企业拯救计划中的信息,以此作为支持公司重组的先决条件。这项研究为决策过程,尤其是债权人如何评估企业重组计划、解决信息不对称问题以及对计划进行投票提供了新颖的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Reassessing Saudi Arabia’s foreign investment laws: from protectionism to liberalization 重新评估沙特阿拉伯的外国投资法:从保护主义到自由化
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-12-2023-0270
Ibrahim Mathker Saleh Alotaibi, Mohammad Omar Mohammad Alhejaili, Doaa Mohamed Ibrahim Badran, Mahmoud Abdelgawwad Abdelhady

Purpose

This paper aims to examine the extent to which these reforms address the limitations of Saudi Arabia’s previous investment framework. Long viewed as a hostile environment in which to do business, the Saudi Government has enacted a broad sweep of measures aimed at restoring investor confidence in central aspects of the country’s evolving private law framework.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper offers a timely assessment of the raft of foreign investment reforms, both legislative and regulatory, that have been introduced in Saudi Arabia over the last decade.

Findings

The paper will proceed by outlining the perceived failings of the old investment regime before going on to reforms.

Originality/value

It will consider the remaining obstacles to the flow of foreign investment in Saudi Arabia in the context of the dual forces that have historically defined the Kingdom’s ambivalent investment law regime.

本文旨在研究这些改革在多大程度上解决了沙特阿拉伯以往投资框架的局限性。长期以来,沙特阿拉伯一直被视为一个不利于经商的环境,沙特政府颁布了一系列广泛的措施,旨在恢复投资者对该国不断发展的私法框架核心方面的信心。原创性/价值本文将从历史上界定沙特阿拉伯王国矛盾的投资法律制度的双重力量的角度来考虑外国投资在沙特阿拉伯流动的剩余障碍。
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引用次数: 0
Reconciliation and settlement in the anti-privatization strike: a case study of power supply sector in Maharashtra, India 反私有化罢工中的和解与解决:印度马哈拉施特拉邦供电部门案例研究
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-04-2023-0070
Sujoy Sen, Sanjeev Kadam, Reshma Nair

Purpose

This paper aims to study the motives that led to conflict between two groups – Employees of state-owned power distribution companies and the Government – over permitting parallel licensing to a private company for power distribution services in selected areas of the Maharashtra state in India. The study also seeks to comprehend the reconciliation process and the role of leadership in thwarting the strike that could have impacted common citizens.

Design/methodology/approach

The research is built on a case-based approach to analyze the pre- and poststrike environment along with the impact of the power shortage during the few hours of the strike. A semi-structured interview method wherein government and employee union representatives were interviewed to understand their version of the incident is used. Related literature, reports and news were reviewed to realize the impacts and consequences of similar situations in the past.

Findings

The strike was called off within a few hours with the intervention of state government to resolve the issue, promising the union the government’s intention not to privatize but to invest INR 500bn in the three government companies. The parallel licensing may impact government-owned power distribution companies as well as customers in the future.

Practical implications

It will pave the way for lessons related to such incidence where the Government and the Unions are at loggerheads over issues like privatization or ownership of the company and help the involved and other parties to seek a viable solution. The role of resilient leadership demonstrated by both parties led to a win-win solution within a few hours of the strike.

Originality/value

The paper is a case study on an issue that is very contemporary; the role of leadership and its swiftness in decision-making that led to a solution to a very complex situation is something that was not done earlier in the context of the State vs Union issue.

本文旨在研究在印度马哈拉施特拉邦选定地区,国有配电公司员工和政府这两个群体之间因允许私营公司平行获得配电服务许可证而发生冲突的动机。本研究还试图了解和解过程以及领导层在挫败可能影响普通公民的罢工中所发挥的作用。研究采用基于案例的方法,分析罢工前后的环境以及罢工期间几个小时电力短缺所造成的影响。研究采用了半结构化访谈法,对政府和工会代表进行了访谈,以了解他们对事件的看法。研究还查阅了相关文献、报告和新闻,以了解过去类似情况的影响和后果。研究结果在州政府的干预下,罢工在几小时内被取消,政府向工会承诺不会私有化,而是向三家政府公司投资 5000 亿印度卢比。这将为政府和工会在私有化或公司所有权等问题上僵持不下的教训铺平道路,并帮助相关各方和其他各方寻求可行的解决方案。双方所表现出的坚韧不拔的领导作用导致在罢工发生后的几个小时内就达成了双赢的解决方案。 独创性/价值本文是对一个非常具有时代特征的问题进行的案例研究;领导作用及其在决策中的迅速作用导致解决了一个非常复杂的局面,这在国家与工会问题的背景下是前所未有的。
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引用次数: 0
Legal issues of transparency and disclosure in Ethiopian state-owned enterprises: a global perspective 埃塞俄比亚国有企业透明度和信息披露的法律问题:全球视角
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-11-2023-0256
Alemayehu Yismaw Demamu
PurposeEthiopia has enacted laws on transparency and disclosure of information in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). However, these laws are not strict enough, with the transparency and disclosure practices disappointing in the country. Thus, this study aims to investigate the legal framework governing transparency and disclosure in SOEs.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses doctrinal, qualitative and comparative approaches. Domestic legal texts are appraised based on the organization for economic co-operation and development Guideline on Corporate Governance of State-owned Enterprises, the World Bank Toolkit on Corporate Governance of State-owned Enterprises and best national practices. This approach has been further corroborated by qualitative analysis of the basic principles of transparency and disclosure.FindingsThe finding reveals that the laws on transparency and disclosure do not comply with global practices and are inadequate to ensure transparency and discourse in SOEs. They fail to establish appropriate disclosure frameworks and practices at the SOE and state-ownership entity levels. They also indiscriminately subject enterprises to multiple auditing functions and conflicting responsibilities.Originality/valueTo the author’s knowledge, this study is the first legal literature on transparency and disclosure in Ethiopian SOEs. This study assists the state as owner in reforming the laws and uplifting SOEs from their current unpleasant condition. It can also become a reference for future research.
目的埃塞俄比亚颁布了关于国有企业透明度和信息披露的法律。然而,这些法律不够严格,该国的透明度和信息披露做法令人失望。因此,本研究旨在调查规范国有企业透明度和信息披露的法律框架。在经济合作与发展组织《国有企业公司治理指南》、世界银行《国有企业公司治理工具包》和最佳国家实践的基础上,对国内法律文本进行了评估。研究结果表明,有关透明度和信息披露的法律不符合全球惯例,不足以确保国有企业的透明度和话语权。这些法律未能在国有企业和国有产权实体层面建立适当的披露框架和做法。据作者所知,本研究是第一部关于埃塞俄比亚国有企业透明度和信息披露的法律文献。本研究有助于国家作为所有者改革法律,使国有企业摆脱目前的不愉快状况。它还可以为今后的研究提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Legal issues of transparency and disclosure in Ethiopian state-owned enterprises: a global perspective 埃塞俄比亚国有企业透明度和信息披露的法律问题:全球视角
IF 1.5 Q1 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2024-02-15 DOI: 10.1108/ijlma-11-2023-0256
Alemayehu Yismaw Demamu
PurposeEthiopia has enacted laws on transparency and disclosure of information in state-owned enterprises (SOEs). However, these laws are not strict enough, with the transparency and disclosure practices disappointing in the country. Thus, this study aims to investigate the legal framework governing transparency and disclosure in SOEs.Design/methodology/approachThis study uses doctrinal, qualitative and comparative approaches. Domestic legal texts are appraised based on the organization for economic co-operation and development Guideline on Corporate Governance of State-owned Enterprises, the World Bank Toolkit on Corporate Governance of State-owned Enterprises and best national practices. This approach has been further corroborated by qualitative analysis of the basic principles of transparency and disclosure.FindingsThe finding reveals that the laws on transparency and disclosure do not comply with global practices and are inadequate to ensure transparency and discourse in SOEs. They fail to establish appropriate disclosure frameworks and practices at the SOE and state-ownership entity levels. They also indiscriminately subject enterprises to multiple auditing functions and conflicting responsibilities.Originality/valueTo the author’s knowledge, this study is the first legal literature on transparency and disclosure in Ethiopian SOEs. This study assists the state as owner in reforming the laws and uplifting SOEs from their current unpleasant condition. It can also become a reference for future research.
目的埃塞俄比亚颁布了关于国有企业透明度和信息披露的法律。然而,这些法律不够严格,该国的透明度和信息披露做法令人失望。因此,本研究旨在调查规范国有企业透明度和信息披露的法律框架。在经济合作与发展组织《国有企业公司治理指南》、世界银行《国有企业公司治理工具包》和最佳国家实践的基础上,对国内法律文本进行了评估。研究结果表明,有关透明度和信息披露的法律不符合全球惯例,不足以确保国有企业的透明度和话语权。这些法律未能在国有企业和国有产权实体层面建立适当的披露框架和做法。据作者所知,本研究是第一部关于埃塞俄比亚国有企业透明度和信息披露的法律文献。本研究有助于国家作为所有者改革法律,使国有企业摆脱目前的不愉快状况。它还可以为今后的研究提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Law and Management
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