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PI3K Mutation Profiles on Exons 9 (E545K and E542K) and 20 (H1047R) in Mexican Patients With HER-2 Overexpressed Breast Cancer and Its Relevance on Clinical-Pathological and Survival Biological Effects. 墨西哥 HER-2 过度表达乳腺癌患者外显子 9(E545K 和 E542K)和 20(H1047R)上的 PI3K 基因突变概况及其对临床病理和生存生物学影响的相关性。
IF 1.6 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-15 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9058033
T Nieto-Coronel, Ortega-Gómez Alette, R Yacab, E A Fernández-Figueroa, C Lopez-Camarillo, L Marchat, H Astudillo-de la Vega, E Ruiz-Garcia

Background: Trastuzumab resistance is associated with overexpressing the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2), which results from the altered phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway in breast cancer patients. Objective: We quantified the frequency of PI3K enzyme single and double-point mutations in Mexican patients with HER-2 overexpressing breast cancer and its association with clinical-pathological variables. Methods: We embedded HER-2 breast samples in paraffin from 60 patients, extracted their DNA, and evaluated PI3K mutations in 49 HER-2-positive breast tumors. We focused on mutations for one exon 20 (H1047R) and two exon 9 PI3K (E545K, E542K) hotspots and characterized them as single and double-point mutations. The mean patient follow-up was 86 months. Results: Of 49 patients who tested positive for HER-2 breast cancer, 14.28% showed mutations in PI3K, 71.42% single-point, and 28.56% double-point mutations. We found single-point mutations in H1047R (42.85%) and E545K (28.57%). Only two patients exhibited double-point mutations: one in E542K/E545K and another in H1047R/E545K (14.28% each). Although we observed lower survival in patients with mutations in PI3K, we did not find a significant association between these factors (p = 0.191). However, single and double-point mutations in PI3K were significantly associated with the clinical stages of diagnosis and tumor size (p = 0.027 and p = 0.04, respectively). Conclusion: Single and double-point mutations in PI3K are related to tumor size and advanced clinical-pathological traits in Mexican patients with HER-2 overexpression, and future molecular studies are necessary to understand these findings.

背景:曲妥珠单抗的耐药性与人表皮生长因子受体 2(HER-2)的过度表达有关,而人表皮生长因子受体 2 的过度表达是乳腺癌患者体内磷酸肌酸 3- 激酶(PI3K)通路发生改变的结果。研究目的我们对墨西哥 HER-2 过度表达乳腺癌患者中 PI3K 酶单点和双点突变的频率及其与临床病理变量的关系进行了量化。研究方法我们将 60 例患者的 HER-2 乳腺样本包埋在石蜡中,提取其 DNA,并评估了 49 例 HER-2 阳性乳腺肿瘤中的 PI3K 基因突变。我们重点研究了一个20号外显子(H1047R)和两个9号外显子(E545K、E542K)的PI3K热点突变,并将其定性为单点和双点突变。患者的平均随访时间为 86 个月。结果在49名HER-2检测呈阳性的乳腺癌患者中,14.28%出现了PI3K突变,71.42%为单点突变,28.56%为双点突变。我们发现单点突变为 H1047R(42.85%)和 E545K(28.57%)。只有两名患者出现了双点突变:一名是E542K/E545K,另一名是H1047R/E545K(各占14.28%)。虽然我们观察到 PI3K 基因突变患者的生存率较低,但并未发现这些因素之间存在显著关联(p = 0.191)。然而,PI3K 的单点和双点突变与诊断的临床分期和肿瘤大小显著相关(分别为 p = 0.027 和 p = 0.04)。结论PI3K的单点和双点突变与HER-2过表达的墨西哥患者的肿瘤大小和晚期临床病理特征有关,未来的分子研究有必要了解这些发现。
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引用次数: 0
Factors Associated With Uptake of Breast Cancer Screening Among Catholic Nuns in Lake Zone, Tanzania. 坦桑尼亚湖区天主教修女接受乳腺癌筛查的相关因素。
IF 1.6 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-12 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5024392
Gotfrida Marandu, Rose Laisser, Kija Malale, Peter Rambau

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Breast cancer screening programs are widely promoted because of their effectiveness in the early detection of cancer. However, a significant proportion of eligible Catholic nuns in the Lake Zone of Tanzania remain underscreened. This study is aimed at investigating the factors associated with breast cancer screening uptake among Catholic nuns in Lake Zone, Tanzania. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study design among 385 catholic nuns. Simple random sampling was deployed to enrolled catholic nuns, the ODK collect v2023.2.4 was electronically used to collect data. Binary logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with the uptake of breast cancer screening. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA 18.0, with a significance level set at a p value less than 0.05. Result: The prevalence uptake of breast cancer screening (i.e., breast self-examination, clinical examination, or mammography examination) was 64% (n = 247, 95% CI, 59.3%-68.9%). A total of 57.4% had inadequate knowledge on the uptake of breast cancer screening (n = 221, 95% CI, 52.4%-62.4%). Also, the study found that 61.3% (95% CI, 56.4%-66.2%) of Catholic Nuns have negative attitudes towards the uptake of self-breast examination among Catholic nuns. The findings revealed that 55.6% (n = 133, 95% CI, 50.6%-60.6%) and 52.7% (n = 52.7%, 95% CI, 47.7%-57.7%) of Catholic nuns negatively accept breast cancer screening and self-breast examination, respectively. Nuns aged above 60 years were less likely to not perform BCS with a COR of 0.62 (95% CI, 0.39-0.97). Also, Catholic nuns who are in the nonhealth field are more likely to not perform BCS with a COR of 1.71 (95%, 1.07-2.74). Likewise, Catholic nuns who had negative acceptability of the Self-breast examination were more likely to not perform BCS with an AOR of 1.65 (95% CI, 1.07-2.55). Conclusion: A study found a low uptake of breast cancer screening among Catholic nuns. This highlights the need for breast health intervention programs within religious congregations to address misconceptions and promote early detection.

背景:乳腺癌是全球妇女最常见的癌症。乳腺癌筛查计划因其在早期发现癌症方面的有效性而得到广泛推广。然而,坦桑尼亚湖区相当一部分符合条件的天主教修女仍未接受筛查。本研究旨在调查坦桑尼亚湖区天主教修女接受乳腺癌筛查的相关因素。研究方法这是一项横断面研究,研究对象为 385 名天主教修女。对入选的天主教修女进行简单随机抽样,使用 ODK collect v2023.2.4 电子版收集数据。采用二元逻辑回归评估与接受乳腺癌筛查相关的因素。统计分析使用 STATA 18.0 进行,显著性水平设定为 p 值小于 0.05。结果接受乳腺癌筛查(即乳房自我检查、临床检查或乳房 X 光检查)的比例为 64%(n = 247,95% CI,59.3%-68.9%)。共有 57.4% 的人对接受乳腺癌筛查的知识不足(n = 221,95% CI,52.4%-62.4%)。研究还发现,61.3%(95% CI,56.4%-66.2%)的天主教修女对天主教修女接受自我乳房检查持消极态度。研究结果显示,55.6%(n = 133,95% CI,50.6%-60.6%)和 52.7%(n = 52.7%,95% CI,47.7%-57.7%)的天主教修女对乳腺癌筛查和自我乳房检查持消极态度。60岁以上的修女不太可能不进行BCS,COR值为0.62(95% CI,0.39-0.97)。此外,从事非卫生领域工作的天主教修女更有可能不进行 BCS,COR 值为 1.71(95%,1.07-2.74)。同样,对自我乳房检查有负面接受度的天主教修女也更有可能不进行 BCS,其 AOR 为 1.65(95% CI,1.07-2.55)。结论一项研究发现,天主教修女对乳腺癌筛查的接受度较低。这凸显了在宗教团体中开展乳房健康干预计划的必要性,以消除误解并促进早期检测。
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引用次数: 0
Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Tumor Immunogenicity and Beyond. 三阴性乳腺癌:肿瘤免疫原性及其他
IF 1.6 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-10-04 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2097920
Elio Ibrahim, Ernest Diab, Rony Hayek, Karim Hoyek, Hampig Kourie

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast malignancy with a poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Many studies show that TNBC exhibits heterogeneity across clinical, histopathological, and molecular levels. In this review, we discuss the immunogenic features of TNBC with a focus on immunotherapy and the current standard of care in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, and metastatic setting. In addition, we address the ongoing research on immunotherapy, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), poly ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors, and future challenges in the treatment of this entity.

三阴性乳腺癌(TNBC)是一种预后不良、治疗方案有限的乳腺恶性肿瘤。许多研究表明,TNBC 在临床、组织病理学和分子水平上表现出异质性。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论 TNBC 的免疫原性特征,重点是新辅助治疗、辅助治疗和转移性治疗中的免疫疗法和现行治疗标准。此外,我们还讨论了免疫疗法、抗体药物共轭物 (ADC)、多聚 ADP 核糖聚合酶 (PARP) 抑制剂等方面正在进行的研究,以及治疗该疾病的未来挑战。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing Awareness, Attitude, and Practices of Breast Cancer Screening and Prevention Among General Public and Physicians in Pakistan: A Nation With the Highest Breast Cancer Incidence in Asia. 评估巴基斯坦公众和医生对乳腺癌筛查和预防的认识、态度和做法:亚洲乳腺癌发病率最高的国家。
IF 1.6 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-28 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2128388
Adeel Aslam, Asma Ghulam Mustafa, Ali Hussnain, Hafsa Saeed, Fatima Nazar, Maha Amjad, Ayesha Mahmood, Atika Afzal, Anam Fatima, Doaa Kamal Alkhalidi

Introduction: Breast cancer is a global health challenge with significant mortality, affecting millions worldwide. The current study is aimed at evaluating awareness and practices related to breast cancer screening, prevention, and treatment among the general public and physicians in Lahore, Pakistan, which has a significant incidence of breast cancer. Methodology: The current study adopted a cross-sectional study design conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, between March and August 2023, among 404 participants from the general public and 240 physicians. Data collection and evaluation involved the use of validated questionnaires, and both descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using SPSS Version 25. Result: In Lahore, Pakistan, breast cancer awareness among the public was low, with 80.2% unaware of its global prevalence, 65.3% believing not everyone is at risk, and only 42.1% recognizing symptoms. Females showed greater awareness (OR: 1.020, CI: 0.617-1.686, p = 0.002) and positive attitudes (OR: 2.711, CI: 1.478-6.478, p = 0.045), while the 18-29 age group had higher odds of positive practices (OR: 4.317, CI: 2.678-5.956, p = 0.004). Educational attainment significantly influences knowledge and attitudes. Only 13.9% practiced self-examination. Among physicians, 88.8% were confident in screenings, but patient fear (42.9%) and financial barriers (79.2%) hindered action. Physicians with FCPS qualifications had higher odds of awareness (OR: 1.550, CI: 1.130-2.117, p = 0.007), attitudes (OR: 1.500, CI: 1.050-2.150, p = 0.025), and practices (OR: 1.470, CI: 1.070-2.017, p = 0.020). Those with 11-20 years of experience also showed better awareness (OR: 1.400, CI: 1.050-1.868, p = 0.022) and attitudes (OR: 1.450, CI: 1.045-2.018, p = 0.029). Conclusion: In conclusion, breast cancer awareness among the general public is limited, highlighting the need for tailored education programs. Although most physicians show high awareness, challenges in patient communication and barriers, such as fear and financial constraints, must be addressed to improve screening uptake. These findings emphasize the importance of targeted interventions to enhance public awareness, screening practices, and physician-patient communication.

引言乳腺癌是一项全球性的健康挑战,死亡率很高,影响着全球数百万人。巴基斯坦拉合尔是乳腺癌的高发区,本研究旨在评估当地公众和医生对乳腺癌筛查、预防和治疗的认识和做法。研究方法:本研究采用横断面研究设计,于 2023 年 3 月至 8 月期间在巴基斯坦拉合尔进行,共有 404 名公众和 240 名医生参加。数据收集和评估使用了经过验证的调查问卷,并使用 SPSS Version 25 进行了描述性和推论性统计。结果在巴基斯坦拉合尔,公众对乳腺癌的认知度较低,80.2%的人不知道乳腺癌在全球的发病率,65.3%的人认为并非人人都有患病风险,只有 42.1%的人认识到乳腺癌的症状。女性表现出更高的认知度(OR:1.020,CI:0.617-1.686,p = 0.002)和积极的态度(OR:2.711,CI:1.478-6.478,p = 0.045),而 18-29 岁年龄组的积极实践几率更高(OR:4.317,CI:2.678-5.956,p = 0.004)。受教育程度对知识和态度有很大影响。只有 13.9% 的人进行了自我检查。在医生中,88.8%的人对筛查有信心,但病人的恐惧(42.9%)和经济障碍(79.2%)阻碍了他们的行动。具有 FCPS 资格的医生在认识(OR:1.550,CI:1.130-2.117,P = 0.007)、态度(OR:1.500,CI:1.050-2.150,P = 0.025)和实践(OR:1.470,CI:1.070-2.017,P = 0.020)方面的几率更高。拥有 11-20 年工作经验的人也表现出更好的意识(OR:1.400,CI:1.050-1.868,p = 0.022)和态度(OR:1.450,CI:1.045-2.018,p = 0.029)。结论总之,公众对乳腺癌的认识有限,这凸显了制定有针对性的教育计划的必要性。虽然大多数医生对乳腺癌有较高的认识,但要提高乳腺癌筛查率,必须解决与患者沟通方面的挑战和障碍,如恐惧和经济限制。这些发现强调了有针对性的干预措施对提高公众意识、筛查实践和医患沟通的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of Tissue Eosinophilic Infiltration in Invasive Mammary Carcinoma. 浸润性乳腺癌组织嗜酸性粒细胞浸润评估
IF 1.6 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1514147
Farah Falah Hasan, Mohammed Haider Fadhil, Zainab Khalid Almukhtar

Background: Stromal inflammatory cells in malignant tissue have recently gained increasing interest. Unlike the extensive research on tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, published data about tumor-infiltrating eosinophils in breast cancer are scarce. Furthermore, similar studies have yet to be conducted in Iraq. Aims: The objective of this study is to examine the presence of eosinophilic infiltration by direct visualization using light microscopy and to analyze its relationship with other histological parameters in a group of Iraqi women diagnosed with invasive mammary cancer. Methods and material: A retrospective study enrolled 90 histological samples of invasive mammary carcinoma provided by core needle biopsy from a single center, together with their immunohistochemical results for ER and HER2-NEU. Data reviewing, direct morphological visualizations, and counting eosinophilic infiltration in tissue sections were done by two independent pathologists using light microscopy. The results were statistically correlated with the grade, ER, HER2-NEU, calcification, and axillary lymph node status at presentation. Results: Out of the entire sample size (90), 40 (44%) showed the presence of eosinophilic infiltration in the tissue, both intratumoral and stromal. Further analysis revealed that most eosinophilic infiltrates had an intermediate score (4-19) per 10 consecutive high-power fields. A strong and meaningful statistical relationship was seen between tissue eosinophilic infiltration and HER2/NEU status. A statistically insignificant correlation was seen between tissue eosinophilic infiltration and histological grade, ER receptor status, calcification, and axillary lymph node status at presentation. Conclusions: Eosinophils are tumor-infiltrating cells in breast cancer, both intratumoral and stromal. The presence of tissue eosinophilic infiltration can predict HER2/NEU negativity in breast cancer.

背景:恶性肿瘤组织中的基质炎性细胞最近越来越受到关注。与对肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞的广泛研究不同,有关乳腺癌中肿瘤浸润嗜酸性粒细胞的已发表数据很少。此外,类似的研究在伊拉克也尚未开展。目的:本研究的目的是通过光镜直接观察嗜酸性粒细胞浸润的存在,并分析一组被诊断为浸润性乳腺癌的伊拉克妇女中嗜酸性粒细胞浸润与其他组织学参数的关系。方法和材料:一项回顾性研究收集了一个中心通过核心针活检提供的 90 份浸润性乳腺癌组织学样本,以及这些样本的 ER 和 HER2-NEU 免疫组化结果。数据审核、直接形态学观察和组织切片中嗜酸性粒细胞浸润计数由两名独立病理学家使用光学显微镜完成。结果与患者发病时的分级、ER、HER2-NEU、钙化和腋窝淋巴结状态相关。结果在所有样本(90 例)中,有 40 例(44%)的组织出现了嗜酸性粒细胞浸润,包括瘤内和基质。进一步分析表明,大多数嗜酸性粒细胞浸润在每 10 个连续高倍视野中得分中等(4-19 分)。组织嗜酸性粒细胞浸润与 HER2/NEU 状态之间存在密切而有意义的统计学关系。组织嗜酸性粒细胞浸润与组织学分级、ER受体状态、钙化和发病时的腋窝淋巴结状态之间的相关性在统计学上并不显著。结论嗜酸性粒细胞是乳腺癌的肿瘤浸润细胞,包括瘤内细胞和基质细胞。组织嗜酸性粒细胞浸润的存在可预测乳腺癌的 HER2/NEU 阴性。
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引用次数: 0
Metformin as a Potential In Vitro Anticancer Modulator of Adenosine Monophosphate Kinase: A Review. 二甲双胍作为单磷酸腺苷激酶的潜在体外抗癌调节剂:综述。
IF 1.6 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/1094274
A G R Greshamali Jinadasa, H M Kasuni Akalanka, N D Amal Wageesha, Sagarika Ekanayake

Metformin (MET) is the commonly prescribed hypoglycemic agent used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). Pleiotropic effects of MET are emerging as a medication for other diseases including breast cancer (BC). Therefore, a literature review was conducted to investigate whether the anticancer effects of MET are mediated through adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK). This review assessed published data focusing on studies where BC cell lines were treated with MET to explore its potential anticancer effects via AMPK on BC cells. The published data reveals that activated AMPK induces anticancer effects primarily by suppressing cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, inhibition of metastasis and invasion, alteration of tumor microenvironment, and downregulation of tumorigenesis. In addition, MET was observed to induce AMPK-mediated effects when combined with other drugs. Further studies on assessing the potential use of MET alone or in combination with other drugs would pave the way to design new treatment strategies for BC.

二甲双胍(MET)是治疗 2 型糖尿病(DM)的常用降糖药。二甲双胍作为一种治疗包括乳腺癌(BC)在内的其他疾病的药物,其多效应正在显现。因此,我们进行了一项文献综述,以研究 MET 的抗癌作用是否通过单磷酸腺苷激酶 (AMPK) 介导。本综述评估了已发表的数据,重点关注用 MET 处理 BC 细胞系的研究,以探索 MET 通过 AMPK 对 BC 细胞的潜在抗癌作用。已发表的数据显示,活化的 AMPK 主要通过抑制细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡和细胞周期停滞、抑制转移和侵袭、改变肿瘤微环境以及下调肿瘤发生来诱导抗癌作用。此外,还观察到 MET 与其他药物联用时可诱导 AMPK 介导的效应。进一步研究评估 MET 单独使用或与其他药物联合使用的潜力,将为设计新的 BC 治疗策略铺平道路。
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引用次数: 0
Subcutaneous Trastuzumab: An Observational Study of Safety and Tolerability in Patients With Early HER2-Positive Breast Cancer. 皮下注射曲妥珠单抗:早期 HER2 阳性乳腺癌患者安全性和耐受性观察研究
IF 1.6 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-22 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9551710
Iris Otoya, Natalia Valdiviezo, Zaida Morante, Cindy Calle, Yomali Ferreyra, Norma Huarcaya-Chombo, Gabriela Polo-Mendoza, Carlos Castañeda, Tatiana Vidaurre, Silvia P Neciosup, Mónica J Calderón, Henry L Gomez

Purpose: In Peru, breast cancer (BC) stands as the most predominant malignancy neoplasm among women. Trastuzumab has marked a significant milestone in the management of this disease. It has been shown to improve prognosis in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-expressing female patients, but its repercussions and efficacy are yet to be analyzed in a context with limited resources. Methods: The study population is made of woman patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with HER2-positive BC at Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas (INEN, Lima, Peru) during 2019-2021 and treated with at least one dose of subcutaneous trastuzumab. We reviewed medical records to register treatment characteristics, adverse events (AEs), disease progression, and survival status. We considered a median follow-up time of 36 and 45 months for progression and survival status. Results: The majority of patients were over 50 years old (54.29%). Tumor size averaged 19.7 ± 16.1 mm. Lymph nodes were present in 44.78% of patients. Most patients received adjuvant chemotherapy (63.8%) as first-line treatment. Descriptive analyses of treatment outcomes revealed a 30% toxicity rate, primarily attributed to arthralgia (47.62%), followed by diarrhea, fatigue, and injection site reactions, with relatively lower discontinuation rates compared to larger scale studies. Differences in demographic, clinical, and treatment characteristics were not statistically significant concerning the emergence of AEs (p > 0.05). Progression appeared in nine patients, and the overall survival (OS) rate stood at 98.6% and 92.8%, respectively, during a median follow-up of 36 and 45 months. Conclusion: The research suggests that subcutaneous trastuzumab is comparable in effectiveness and safety to the intravenous administration. Regional-specific studies may provide valuable insights into demographic factors influencing treatment outcomes in Peru or other countries. Furthermore, it could represent a more accessible alternative, potentially enhancing patient adherence and optimizing healthcare resource logistics.

目的:在秘鲁,乳腺癌(BC)是女性最主要的恶性肿瘤。曲妥珠单抗是治疗这种疾病的一个重要里程碑。事实证明,它能改善表达人类表皮生长因子受体 2(HER2)的女性患者的预后,但在资源有限的情况下,其影响和疗效还有待分析。研究方法研究对象为2019-2021年期间在秘鲁利马国立肿瘤研究所(INEN)确诊为HER2阳性BC的18岁及以上女性患者,她们至少接受过一次皮下注射曲妥珠单抗的治疗。我们审查了医疗记录,以登记治疗特征、不良事件(AE)、疾病进展和生存状况。我们考虑了36个月和45个月的中位随访时间,以了解病情进展和生存状况。结果大多数患者年龄在 50 岁以上(54.29%)。肿瘤大小平均为 19.7 ± 16.1 毫米。44.78%的患者存在淋巴结。大多数患者接受辅助化疗(63.8%)作为一线治疗。对治疗结果的描述性分析显示,毒性发生率为30%,主要是关节痛(47.62%),其次是腹泻、疲劳和注射部位反应,与更大规模的研究相比,停药率相对较低。在出现 AEs 方面,人口统计学、临床和治疗特征的差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。在中位随访 36 个月和 45 个月期间,9 名患者的病情出现进展,总生存率(OS)分别为 98.6% 和 92.8%。结论研究表明,皮下注射曲妥珠单抗的有效性和安全性与静脉注射相当。针对特定地区的研究可为了解影响秘鲁或其他国家治疗效果的人口因素提供有价值的见解。此外,皮下注射曲妥珠单抗是一种更容易获得的替代疗法,有可能提高患者的依从性并优化医疗资源物流。
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引用次数: 0
Application of Intraoperative Radiotherapy in Early-Stage Breast Cancer Patients in a Clinical Setting. 术中放疗在早期乳腺癌患者中的临床应用。
IF 1.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-18 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5551907
Ao Wang, Elchanan Quint, Ivan Kukeev, Ravit Agassi, Olga Belochitski, Gay Barski, Julie Vaynshtein

Background: Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) has gained popularity in recent years as an alternative to external beam whole breast radiation therapy (WBRT) for early-stage breast cancer. Here, we report 43-month recurrence and survival outcomes in a multiethnic cohort treated with IORT in a clinical context. Method: Two hundred and eleven patients with low-risk features were treated with IORT for early-stage breast cancer from 2014 to 2021. Selection criteria were based on Group Europeen de Curietherapie-European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (GEC-ESTRO) guidelines: preferably unifocal intraductal carcinoma (IDC), aged > 50, tumor size ≤ 2.0 cm, and without lymph node involvement. All patients received 20 Gy of radiation dose during the lumpectomy. Information on patient and tumor characteristics was collected. Results: The mean age of this cohort was 67.5 years; 95.2% of patients are Jewish, and the rest are Bedouins (4.7%). Most tumors were intraductal carcinoma (97.2%) and stage 1 (94.8%). The mean follow-up time was 43.4 months. Bedouins had larger tumor sizes (mean 1.21 vs. 1.13 cm) and were younger at diagnosis than Jewish patients (mean 65.4 vs. 67.6 years), although the differences are not significant. The overall recurrence rate was 1.4%. One case of local recurrence (0.5%) and two cases of metastasis (0.9%) were observed during the study period. One patient died from metastasis. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that IORT in selected low-risk patients can achieve an excellent prognosis with low rates of recurrence and metastasis.

背景:术中放疗(IORT)作为早期乳腺癌外照射全乳腺放疗(WBRT)的替代疗法,近年来越来越受欢迎。在此,我们报告了一个多种族队列接受 IORT 治疗 43 个月后的复发和生存情况。治疗方法2014年至2021年,211名具有低风险特征的早期乳腺癌患者接受了IORT治疗。选择标准基于欧洲放射治疗和肿瘤学会(GEC-ESTRO)指南:最好是单灶导管内癌(IDC),年龄大于 50 岁,肿瘤大小小于 2.0 厘米,无淋巴结受累。所有患者在肿瘤切除术中都接受了 20 Gy 的放射剂量。收集了患者和肿瘤特征的相关信息。研究结果患者平均年龄为 67.5 岁;95.2% 的患者为犹太人,其余为贝都因人(4.7%)。大多数肿瘤为导管内癌(97.2%)和一期(94.8%)。平均随访时间为 43.4 个月。贝都因人的肿瘤尺寸较大(平均 1.21 厘米对 1.13 厘米),确诊时的年龄也比犹太患者年轻(平均 65.4 岁对 67.6 岁),但差异并不显著。总复发率为 1.4%。研究期间观察到一例局部复发(0.5%)和两例转移(0.9%)。一名患者死于转移。结论:我们的研究结果表明,对选定的低风险患者进行 IORT 治疗可获得良好的预后,且复发率和转移率较低。
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引用次数: 0
Insights Into the Emerging Entity of HER2-Low Breast Cancer. 洞察新出现的 HER2 低度乳腺癌实体。
IF 1.6 Q4 ONCOLOGY Pub Date : 2024-06-13 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2853007
Georges El Haddad, Ernest Diab, Michel Hajjar, Maroun Aoun, Farid Mallat, Ziad Zalaquett, Hampig-Raphael Kourie

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-low breast cancer (BC) is a subtype of BC that has been recently recognized as a separate clinical entity with distinct clinical and molecular characteristics. It is defined by a low level of HER2 protein expression, which distinguishes it from other more aggressive BC subtypes. Early studies suggest that it may have a more favorable prognosis than HER2-positive BC, as it is less likely to spread to other parts of the body and may be more responsive to standard BC treatments such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and hormone therapy. Given the relative new emergence of HER2-low BC, there is still much to be learned about this subtype; ongoing research is focused on identifying the underlying genetic mutations that contribute to HER2-low BC as well as developing targeted therapies that can improve outcomes for patients with this disease. This review is aimed at summarizing the current clinical knowledge on HER2-low BC, with the aim of creating a better understanding of this entity and paving the way for potential interventions and a new standard of care.

人表皮生长因子受体 2(HER2)低表达乳腺癌(BC)是最近被认为是一种独立临床实体的 BC 亚型,具有不同的临床和分子特征。它的定义是 HER2 蛋白表达水平低,这使其有别于其他更具侵袭性的 BC 亚型。早期研究表明,它的预后可能比 HER2 阳性 BC 更好,因为它较少扩散到身体的其他部位,对化疗、放疗和激素治疗等标准 BC 治疗的反应可能更强。鉴于 HER2 低度 BC 的出现相对较晚,人们对这一亚型仍有很多需要了解的地方;目前的研究重点是确定导致 HER2 低度 BC 的潜在基因突变,以及开发可改善该病患者预后的靶向疗法。本综述旨在总结目前有关 HER2 低水平 BC 的临床知识,目的是更好地了解这一实体,为潜在的干预措施和新的治疗标准铺平道路。
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引用次数: 0
Comprehensive Immunohistochemical Analysis of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Biomarkers in the Invasive Micropapillary Cancer of the Breast. 乳腺浸润性微乳头状癌上皮-间质转化生物标志物的免疫组化综合分析
IF 1.6 Q3 Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-11 eCollection Date: 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2350073
Ozden Oz, Funda Alkan Tasli, Resmiye Irmak Yuzuguldu, Baha Zengel, Demet Kocatepe Cavdar, Merih Guray Durak, Raika Durusoy

Background: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is commonly associated with a poor prognosis due to its high incidence of lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis (LNM). Our study is aimed at investigating the prognostic significance of the expressions of E-cadherin (E-cad), N-cadherin (N-cad), CD44s, and β-catenin (β-cat). In addition, it is aimed at deciphering the consistency of these markers between the IMPC, the invasive breast carcinoma, no-special type (IBC-NST), and LNM components in the same IMPC cases. Methods: Sixty-two IMPC cases with LNM from 1996 to 2018 were analyzed. Immunohistochemical staining was performed separately on the three regions for each patient. Statistical analyses included Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and McNemar's statistical tests. Results: Loss of CD44 expression in IMPC, IBC-NST, and LNM areas was associated with poor prognosis in overall survival (OS) (p = 0.010, p < 0.0005, p = 0.025). Loss of CD44 expression in the IBC-NST, gain of N-cad expression in the IMPC, and loss of β-cat expression in the LNM areas were indicators of poor prognosis in disease-free survival (DFS) (p = 0.005, p = 0.041, p = 0.009). Conclusion: Our evaluation of this rare subtype, focusing on the expression of key epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) molecules, revealed that it shares characteristics with the IBC-NST component within mixed tumors. Notably, contrary to expectations, a reduction in CD44 expression was found to adversely affect both OS and DFS. By conducting staining procedures simultaneously across three regions within the same patient, a novel approach has provided valuable insights into the mechanisms of EMT.

背景:乳腺浸润性微乳头状癌(IMPC)由于淋巴管侵犯和淋巴结转移(LNM)发生率高,通常预后较差。我们的研究旨在探讨 E-cad、N-cad、CD44s 和 β-catenin(β-cat)表达的预后意义。此外,该研究还旨在解读同一 IMPC 病例中 IMPC、浸润性乳腺癌、无特殊类型(IBC-NST)和 LNM 成分之间这些标记物的一致性。研究方法分析了1996年至2018年期间62例伴有LNM的IMPC病例。对每位患者的三个区域分别进行免疫组化染色。统计分析包括 Kaplan-Meier、Cox 回归和 McNemar 统计检验。结果CD44在IMPC、IBC-NST和LNM区域的表达缺失与总生存期(OS)的不良预后相关(p = 0.010,p < 0.0005,p = 0.025)。IBC-NST中CD44表达缺失、IMPC中N-cad表达增高、LNM区域中β-cat表达缺失是无病生存期(DFS)预后不良的指标(p = 0.005、p = 0.041、p = 0.009)。结论我们对这一罕见亚型进行了评估,重点研究了关键上皮-间质转化(EMT)分子的表达,结果发现它与混合瘤中的IBC-NST成分具有相同的特征。值得注意的是,与预期相反,CD44表达的减少会对OS和DFS产生不利影响。通过对同一患者的三个区域同时进行染色,一种新方法为了解 EMT 的机制提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
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International Journal of Breast Cancer
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