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Age-Friendly Walkable Urban Spaces: A Participatory Assessment Tool 老年人友好型步行城市空间:参与性评估工具
Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1224791
Mariana Ferreira de Almeida
ABSTRACT Creating active-living, age-friendly communities requires new methods to assess public spaces and to engage older citizens in healthy urban planning. This article presents the development and piloting of a participatory group tool to evaluate and rate the quality of streets for walking from the viewpoint of older adults, designed as a simple and practical perceived built-environment measure for action and research purposes. The pilot study took place in two cities (Lisbon and Odivelas) in Portugal, and involved 32 older residents and local partners.
创建积极生活、老年人友好型社区需要新的方法来评估公共空间,并让老年人参与健康的城市规划。本文介绍了一种参与性团体工具的开发和试点,从老年人的角度来评估和评价街道的步行质量,作为一种简单实用的可感知的建筑环境措施,用于行动和研究目的。试点研究在葡萄牙的两个城市(里斯本和奥迪维拉斯)进行,涉及32名老年居民和当地合作伙伴。
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引用次数: 7
Factors Affecting Residential Care Facility Charges 影响安老院舍收费的因素
Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1224790
S. Karon, J. Wiener, G. Khatutsky, A. Greene, Ruby E. Johnson
ABSTRACT Residential care facilities, known by a variety of names such as assisted living or group homes, offer assistance to people who find it difficult to live alone but who do not need or wish to enter a nursing home. There is substantial variation in the amount that residents are charged each month. Data from the 2010 National Survey of Residential Care Facilities were used to identify factors that affect the total monthly charges to residents. These findings can inform an individual's search for an appropriate, affordable option.
住宿护理机构,有各种各样的名字,如辅助生活或团体之家,为那些发现难以独自生活但不需要或不希望进入养老院的人提供帮助。居民每月收取的费用有很大差异。本研究使用2010年全国安老院调查的数据,找出影响安老院每月总费用的因素。这些发现可以为个人寻找合适的、负担得起的选择提供信息。
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引用次数: 1
EOV Editorial Board EOV编委会
Pub Date : 2016-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1133146
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引用次数: 0
Provision of Universal Design Educational Material Following a Homeowner's Insurance Claim 在房主保险索赔后提供通用设计教育材料
Pub Date : 2016-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1198737
P. Beck, Susan Enguídanos, Anna Rahman, Emily Nabors, Beth Tracton-Bishop, J. Olshevski, J. Pynoos
ABSTRACT Although most older adults prefer to age in place, their homes often lack supporting features. Universal design (UD) modifications help promote independence and reduce the risk of accidents. This study investigated whether educating homeowners about UD following a home disaster influenced the repairs they made. Home insurance policyholders who submitted claims for damage to bathrooms or kitchens received an educational brochure introducing UD features. Homeowners completed follow-up surveys with questions about home modifications made, respondents' demographic characteristics, and householders' ability to perform activities of daily living (ADLs). Descriptive and bivariate analyses were conducted. Thirty-three of 37 respondents (89.2%) had implemented UD modifications, making an average of 9.1 UD modifications. Most respondents rated the brochure information positively and respondents' self-rated knowledge of UD improved after reading the brochure. The number of modifications made was positively associated with a householder having limitations in meal preparation, but not other ADL or functional limitations. Homeowners in the midst of repairing their home following an insurance claim and who received educational information about UD options implemented UD modifications, which could increase UD-modified housing stock and enhance the capacity for future generations to age in place.
尽管大多数老年人更喜欢在家里养老,但他们的家往往缺乏配套设施。通用设计(UD)修改有助于提高独立性并降低事故风险。这项研究调查了在家庭灾难后对房主进行UD教育是否会影响他们所做的维修。提交浴室或厨房损坏索赔的家庭保险保单持有人收到了介绍UD功能的教育小册子。房主完成了关于房屋改造、受访者人口特征和户主进行日常生活活动(adl)能力的后续调查。进行了描述性和双变量分析。37名受访者中有33名(89.2%)实施了UD修改,平均进行了9.1次UD修改。大多数受访者对宣传册信息的评价是积极的,受访者在阅读宣传册后对UD知识的自我评价有所提高。修改的数量与户主在膳食准备方面的限制呈正相关,但与其他ADL或功能限制无关。在保险索赔后修理房屋的房主和接受了有关UD选项的教育信息的房主实施了UD修改,这可以增加UD修改的住房存量,并增强后代的养老能力。
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引用次数: 3
Accessibility Improvement Models for Typical Flats: Mass-Customizable Design for Individual Circumstances 典型公寓的可达性改进模型:针对个人情况的大规模定制设计
Pub Date : 2016-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1198739
T. Kaasalainen, S. Huuhka
ABSTRACT Elderly housing policies in Finland emphasize aging in place and preparing the existing housing stock for the predicted increase in the aged population. Timely home modifications that enhance mobile accessibility are a focal target for these policies. This article introduces the idea of mass-customizable architectural accessibility improvement models (AIMs) that have been developed for typical Finnish flats. The applicability and generalizability of an AIM designed for an archetypal two-room flat is tested by applying it to nine case buildings in the city of Tampere. The model was found to be beneficial for 42 of the 45 rooms in the research material.
芬兰的老年住房政策强调老龄化到位,并为预测的老年人口增长做好现有住房储备的准备。及时改造房屋,提高移动设备的可及性是这些政策的重点目标。本文介绍了针对典型芬兰公寓开发的大规模可定制建筑可达性改进模型(AIMs)的概念。通过将其应用于坦佩雷市的9个案例建筑,测试了为原型两室公寓设计的AIM的适用性和通用性。该模型被发现对研究材料中45个房间中的42个是有益的。
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引用次数: 7
A Valued Relationship with Nature and Its Influence on the Use of Gardens by Older Adults Living in Residential Care 重视与自然的关系及其对居家长者使用花园的影响
Pub Date : 2016-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1198740
Lori Reynolds
ABSTRACT While there is growing interest in inclusion of gardens and outdoor spaces in residential care facilities for older adults, these spaces are often underutilized despite many identified, evidence-based benefits. A qualitative study of participant observations with behavior mapping, and individual and focus-group interviews, using a grounded theory methodology was used to understand value versus use of outdoor garden spaces. Individual and focus-group interviews were conducted with 32 residents from two facilities. Results revealed that views of nature are fundamentally important to resident well-being, that access to nature influences facility choice, and use of garden spaces is influenced by the way in which individuals prefer to enjoy nature.
虽然在老年人住宅护理设施中纳入花园和户外空间的兴趣越来越大,但尽管有许多确定的、基于证据的好处,这些空间往往未得到充分利用。本研究采用定性研究方法,通过行为映射、个人访谈和焦点小组访谈,对户外花园空间的价值与使用进行了分析。对来自两个设施的32名居民进行了个别和焦点小组访谈。结果表明,自然景观对居民的福祉至关重要,自然环境影响着设施的选择,而花园空间的使用受到个人喜欢享受自然的方式的影响。
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引用次数: 13
Geographic Migration Among Residents in Seniors Housing and Care Communities: Evidence From the Residents Financial Survey 老年居住与照护社区居民的地理迁移:来自居民财务调查的证据
Pub Date : 2016-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1198741
Norma B. Coe, A. Wu
ABSTRACT Although the elderly as a while show relatively little geographic migration in the U.S., we were interested in the geographic migration patterns among a specific subset of elderly that we know have moved out of the traditional family home—those living in assisted living and independent living communities. We analyze data from the Residents Financial Survey, a survey of 2,617 residents in assisted living and independent living communities that asked about their previous living arrangement, where they lived before moving to their current community, and how their care needs were previously met. We find there is substantial migration among respondents. Using self-reported and community-reported location and zip code information, we calculated whether people moved across state lines and we computed the distance people moved between their previous location and their current community. While the median distance moved is less than 10 miles, 20% moved across state lines and 21% of the sample moved more than 100 miles, with the average distance moved among the sample being 165 to 190 miles. The evolution of living arrangements shows that there are strong correlations among respondents' current living arrangements, previous living arrangements, and their plan to move in the future.
虽然美国老年人的地理迁移相对较少,但我们对老年人的地理迁移模式很感兴趣,我们知道这些老年人已经离开了传统的家庭家园,他们生活在辅助生活和独立生活社区。我们分析了居民财务调查的数据,该调查对辅助生活和独立生活社区的2617名居民进行了调查,询问他们以前的生活安排,他们搬到现在的社区之前住在哪里,以及他们以前的护理需求是如何得到满足的。我们发现受访者之间有大量的迁移。使用自我报告和社区报告的位置和邮政编码信息,我们计算了人们是否跨越州界,我们计算了人们在他们以前的位置和他们现在的社区之间移动的距离。虽然移动距离的中位数小于10英里,但20%的人跨州移动,21%的人移动超过100英里,样本之间的平均移动距离为165至190英里。居住安排的演变表明,受访者目前的居住安排、以前的居住安排和他们未来的搬家计划之间存在很强的相关性。
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引用次数: 2
Building Affordable Rental Housing for Seniors: Policy Insights From Canada 为老年人建造负担得起的租赁住房:来自加拿大的政策见解
Pub Date : 2016-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1198738
Catherine Leviten-Reid, A. Lake
ABSTRACT In the context of healthy aging, we explore newly constructed, unassisted affordable rental housing with respect to design, location, and the involvement of seniors in decision making. We do so from the perspectives of seniors and project sponsors. Overall, the themes that emerged from these two groups of participants diverge. Seniors spoke about the importance of shared space, design-related barriers to aging in place, and problems accessing transportation. They also expressed a range of views regarding participation in decision making, from conveying it was not necessary to requesting resident involvement. Project sponsors spoke about cost, feasibility, and, in certain cases, learning how to build housing; they also evinced disparate views about the nature of the housing they were providing and the importance of seniors' involvement. Recommendations include linking housing to health and social policy, implementing guidelines for sponsors related to design and location, and providing increased funding to offset new costs.
摘要:在健康老龄化的背景下,我们探讨新建的、无辅助的经济适用房在设计、位置和老年人参与决策方面的影响。我们从老年人和项目发起人的角度出发。总的来说,这两组参与者的主题是不同的。老年人谈到了共享空间的重要性,设计相关的老龄障碍,以及交通问题。他们还就参与决策问题表达了一系列意见,从表示没有必要到要求居民参与。项目发起人谈到了成本、可行性,在某些情况下,还谈到了如何建造住房;他们还对他们提供的住房的性质和老年人参与的重要性表现出不同的看法。建议包括将住房与卫生和社会政策联系起来,执行与设计和地点有关的赞助商准则,以及提供更多资金以抵消新的费用。
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引用次数: 8
Synthesizing ENABLE-AGE Research Findings to Suggest Evidence-Based Home and Health Interventions 综合ENABLE-AGE研究结果建议基于证据的家庭和健康干预措施
Pub Date : 2016-07-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1198742
S. Iwarsson, Charlotte Löfqvist, F. Oswald, B. Slaug, S. Schmidt, H. Wahl, S. Tomsone, I. Himmelsbach, M. Haak
ABSTRACT As the quest for knowledge translation from research to practice and policy contexts is growing stronger, researchers need to develop strategies for synthesizing research findings. Since home environments constitute an important context for the delivery of health care and social services to older adults and people aging with disabilities, research in this field can serve as an example for such endeavors. Using 35 original publications and one unpublished doctoral dissertation based on the European ENABLE-AGE Project, we aimed to demonstrate a systematic approach to synthesize research findings generated by large research projects as the basis for evidence-based interventions. The synthesized findings highlighted the complex interactions between objective and perceived aspects of housing and aspects of health in very old age, impacting on, for example, residential decision making. Independence in daily activity is influenced by the sociocultural care and service context. A familiar and safe neighborhood, a social network, and a good supply of services are important to perceptions of participation. Going further, we suggest housing-related interventions that address problems and challenges related to ongoing demographic changes. This article contributes to the development of strategies for knowledge translation, connecting research and practice and policy contexts struggling to meet the societal challenges that accompany population aging.
随着知识从研究到实践和政策语境转化的需求日益强烈,研究人员需要制定综合研究成果的策略。由于家庭环境是向老年人和老年残疾人提供保健和社会服务的一个重要背景,因此这一领域的研究可以作为这种努力的一个范例。利用欧洲ENABLE-AGE项目的35篇原始出版物和一篇未发表的博士论文,我们旨在展示一种系统化的方法,将大型研究项目产生的研究成果综合起来,作为循证干预的基础。综合调查结果突出了住房的客观方面和感知方面与老年人健康方面之间复杂的相互作用,影响到例如居住决策。日常活动的独立性受到社会文化关怀和服务环境的影响。熟悉而安全的社区、社交网络和良好的服务供应对参与感很重要。更进一步,我们建议采取与住房相关的干预措施,解决与持续的人口变化相关的问题和挑战。本文有助于知识翻译策略的发展,将研究和实践以及努力应对人口老龄化带来的社会挑战的政策背景联系起来。
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引用次数: 26
Designing an Ageless Social Community: Adapting a New Urbanist Social Core to Suit Baby Boomers in Later Life 设计一个永恒的社会社区:适应新的城市主义社会核心,以适应婴儿潮一代的晚年生活
Pub Date : 2016-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/02763893.2016.1162253
Nichole M. Campbell, Daejin Kim
ABSTRACT Since 90% of older adults prefer aging in place (Wang, Shepley, & Rodiek, 2012), it is important that neighborhood design supports successful aging. Beyond basic needs, research indicates quality interaction is associated with positive health and well-being benefits, particularly for older adults. In this, design supporting social relationships plays an essential role. This study's purpose was to identify New Urbanist neighborhood and social space design attributes supporting older residents' physiological and social needs. This case study used keyword-in-context analysis with focus group interview data to identify domains supporting social interaction for residents aging in place including: location factors, social factors, design factors, and programmatic factors.
由于90%的老年人喜欢就地养老(Wang, Shepley, & Rodiek, 2012),因此社区设计支持成功的养老是很重要的。除了基本需求之外,研究表明,高质量的互动与积极的健康和福祉有关,特别是对老年人而言。在这方面,支持社会关系的设计起着至关重要的作用。本研究的目的是找出支持老年居民生理和社会需求的新都市主义社区和社会空间设计属性。本案例研究采用焦点小组访谈数据进行语境关键词分析,以确定支持老年居民社会互动的领域,包括:地点因素、社会因素、设计因素和规划因素。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of Housing for the Elderly
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