Pub Date : 2021-08-17DOI: 10.1080/03736245.2021.1962395
Evans Sackey Teye, P. Quarshie
ABSTRACT This study uses focus group discussion, key informant interview, and quantitative household survey to explore how smallholders access credits and loans influence adoption of modern production technologies and what are perceived limitations to access these financial instruments in the Shia-Osuduku District in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The specific objectives of the study are; (1) to assess the challenges rice farmers face in accessing finance, (2) to determine if access to finance impacts the adoption of modern rice production technologies and (3) to determine whether loan investments in improved technologies increase productivity and income levels of farmers. The study noted that issues of mistrust for smallholder farmers by financial institutions act as barriers to facilitating their access to loans and credits. Banks and financial institutions relay their mistrust through actions such as requesting outrageous collateral, guarantors, a high sum of savings capital, and a high-interest rate for agriculture loans, delays, and bureaucratic processes in accessing loans. The study suggested that enabling policy environment and frameworks with a supportive rural infrastructure such as warehouse receipt systems can significantly increase farmers’ access to credit instruments for investment in modern technologies to increase agricultural productivity, which is essential to address issues of food insecurities and rural poverty in Ghana.
{"title":"Impact of agricultural finance on technology adoption, agricultural productivity and rural household economic wellbeing in Ghana: a case study of rice farmers in Shai-Osudoku District","authors":"Evans Sackey Teye, P. Quarshie","doi":"10.1080/03736245.2021.1962395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2021.1962395","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study uses focus group discussion, key informant interview, and quantitative household survey to explore how smallholders access credits and loans influence adoption of modern production technologies and what are perceived limitations to access these financial instruments in the Shia-Osuduku District in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. The specific objectives of the study are; (1) to assess the challenges rice farmers face in accessing finance, (2) to determine if access to finance impacts the adoption of modern rice production technologies and (3) to determine whether loan investments in improved technologies increase productivity and income levels of farmers. The study noted that issues of mistrust for smallholder farmers by financial institutions act as barriers to facilitating their access to loans and credits. Banks and financial institutions relay their mistrust through actions such as requesting outrageous collateral, guarantors, a high sum of savings capital, and a high-interest rate for agriculture loans, delays, and bureaucratic processes in accessing loans. The study suggested that enabling policy environment and frameworks with a supportive rural infrastructure such as warehouse receipt systems can significantly increase farmers’ access to credit instruments for investment in modern technologies to increase agricultural productivity, which is essential to address issues of food insecurities and rural poverty in Ghana.","PeriodicalId":46279,"journal":{"name":"South African Geographical Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"231 - 250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79945261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-12DOI: 10.1080/03736245.2021.1963316
P. Quarshie
ABSTRACT This critical review paper expands on the meaning of place. It opens a new narrative on how the geographic concept of place is conceptualized in smallholder farmers and climate change adaptation literature in Sub-Saharan Africa. The review suggested that place is not only the ‘where’ of a location but a location geographically connected and interdependent to illustrate how smallholder farmers’ experiences in adapting to climate shocks interact with global efforts such as improving food security, eliminating poverty and building sustainable rural livelihood. Through the various climate change adaptation strategies exhibited by different farmer groups, the paper demonstrated that people in places have the agency to make choices that control their destinies irrespective of whatever global force overwhelms them. The paper argues sense of place expressed through ecological place meaning shapes people’s intuition, beliefs, actions and experiences as illustrated by smallholders’ perception of the determinant and barriers to effective adaptation strategies. The ecological place meaning also influences the ‘glocalization’ of climate impact on agroecological-based livelihoods at different locations and how maladaptive outcomes are perceived. Place gives people identity by (re)shaping actions and experiences and vice versa. There is an undeviating relationship between power, place and people’s experience. Further exploration of the relationship between lifeworld experiences, people, and power is central in understanding the meaning of place in smallholder farmers and climate change interaction.
{"title":"Exploring the concept of place in the literature on smallholder farmers and climate change adaptation in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"P. Quarshie","doi":"10.1080/03736245.2021.1963316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2021.1963316","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This critical review paper expands on the meaning of place. It opens a new narrative on how the geographic concept of place is conceptualized in smallholder farmers and climate change adaptation literature in Sub-Saharan Africa. The review suggested that place is not only the ‘where’ of a location but a location geographically connected and interdependent to illustrate how smallholder farmers’ experiences in adapting to climate shocks interact with global efforts such as improving food security, eliminating poverty and building sustainable rural livelihood. Through the various climate change adaptation strategies exhibited by different farmer groups, the paper demonstrated that people in places have the agency to make choices that control their destinies irrespective of whatever global force overwhelms them. The paper argues sense of place expressed through ecological place meaning shapes people’s intuition, beliefs, actions and experiences as illustrated by smallholders’ perception of the determinant and barriers to effective adaptation strategies. The ecological place meaning also influences the ‘glocalization’ of climate impact on agroecological-based livelihoods at different locations and how maladaptive outcomes are perceived. Place gives people identity by (re)shaping actions and experiences and vice versa. There is an undeviating relationship between power, place and people’s experience. Further exploration of the relationship between lifeworld experiences, people, and power is central in understanding the meaning of place in smallholder farmers and climate change interaction.","PeriodicalId":46279,"journal":{"name":"South African Geographical Journal","volume":"27 1","pages":"251 - 269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77047139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-06DOI: 10.1080/03736245.2020.1824804
J. Letsoalo, M. Potgieter
ABSTRACT In spite of their positive role, wetland ecosystems are under intense human pressure that results in their degradation and thus their ability to provide vital functions. The semi-urban community of Ga-Makanye in the Limpopo Province of South Africa is situated adjacent to a small wetland ecosystem. Because this community is poorly serviced in municipal functions such as personal and domestic waste removal, it implies the wetland will be vulnerable to pollution. Thus, an investigation was conducted via an interview schedule during 2018 in this community to determine the effects of discarded litter on the wetland ecosystem as well as perceptions of adjacent residents towards this small urban wetland. Results indicated that of the 56 households surveyed 66% dispose their household waste near or in the wetland. Males under the age of 20 accounted for 60% of this litter. Nearly 60% of respondents thought that wetlands are not important from an ecological or ecosystem service point of view. Thus, it is not surprising that 66% of residents polled indicated that they intentionally target the wetland area for waste disposal with the intent of filling it up to create a parkland. Only 34% of residents indicated they recycle and reuse some of the waste they generate. It is concluded that lower to middle-income communities such as Ga-Makanye pose a significantly larger threat to their surrounding environment due to large amounts of waste generated and a throw-away mentality, than for example, a lower socio-economic status community, who tend to re-use and recycle more.
{"title":"Domestic waste disposal in a small urban wetland area by Ga-Makanye Community, Limpopo Province, South Africa","authors":"J. Letsoalo, M. Potgieter","doi":"10.1080/03736245.2020.1824804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2020.1824804","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In spite of their positive role, wetland ecosystems are under intense human pressure that results in their degradation and thus their ability to provide vital functions. The semi-urban community of Ga-Makanye in the Limpopo Province of South Africa is situated adjacent to a small wetland ecosystem. Because this community is poorly serviced in municipal functions such as personal and domestic waste removal, it implies the wetland will be vulnerable to pollution. Thus, an investigation was conducted via an interview schedule during 2018 in this community to determine the effects of discarded litter on the wetland ecosystem as well as perceptions of adjacent residents towards this small urban wetland. Results indicated that of the 56 households surveyed 66% dispose their household waste near or in the wetland. Males under the age of 20 accounted for 60% of this litter. Nearly 60% of respondents thought that wetlands are not important from an ecological or ecosystem service point of view. Thus, it is not surprising that 66% of residents polled indicated that they intentionally target the wetland area for waste disposal with the intent of filling it up to create a parkland. Only 34% of residents indicated they recycle and reuse some of the waste they generate. It is concluded that lower to middle-income communities such as Ga-Makanye pose a significantly larger threat to their surrounding environment due to large amounts of waste generated and a throw-away mentality, than for example, a lower socio-economic status community, who tend to re-use and recycle more.","PeriodicalId":46279,"journal":{"name":"South African Geographical Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"374 - 380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83395193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-29DOI: 10.1080/03736245.2021.1945949
S. Zantsi, S. Mazwane, J. Greyling
ABSTRACT The South African land reform, particularly the aspect of land redistribution, has received strong criticism of being slow and inequitable, contrary to how it is envisaged in numerous land redistribution policies. Consequently, the recent report of the land reform advisory committee appointed by the president highlighted several issues in the understanding of land redistribution beneficiaries and recommended research to fill those knowledge gaps and inform policy design. This study therefore attempts to understand which factors could determine whether commercially oriented smallholders in the former homelands, who are regarded as potential land redistribution beneficiaries, would be willing to relocate to commercial farms formerly owned by white farmers. This objective is achieved by implementing a binary logistic regression to a sample of 454 commercially oriented smallholders, purposively and randomly surveyed in KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo. The results show that age, number of schooling years (education), dwelling asset base and feeling constrained by farming in the former homeland can predict the likelihood of relocating. Marginal effects suggest that education, dwelling asset base and feeling constrained by farming in the former homeland have more weight in predicting beneficiary relocation likelihood (dependent variable). Based on these findings, the article makes recommendations for land redistribution policies.
{"title":"Determinants of potential land reform beneficiaries’ willingness to relocate from their former homeland homestead farms to commercial farms","authors":"S. Zantsi, S. Mazwane, J. Greyling","doi":"10.1080/03736245.2021.1945949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2021.1945949","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The South African land reform, particularly the aspect of land redistribution, has received strong criticism of being slow and inequitable, contrary to how it is envisaged in numerous land redistribution policies. Consequently, the recent report of the land reform advisory committee appointed by the president highlighted several issues in the understanding of land redistribution beneficiaries and recommended research to fill those knowledge gaps and inform policy design. This study therefore attempts to understand which factors could determine whether commercially oriented smallholders in the former homelands, who are regarded as potential land redistribution beneficiaries, would be willing to relocate to commercial farms formerly owned by white farmers. This objective is achieved by implementing a binary logistic regression to a sample of 454 commercially oriented smallholders, purposively and randomly surveyed in KwaZulu-Natal and Limpopo. The results show that age, number of schooling years (education), dwelling asset base and feeling constrained by farming in the former homeland can predict the likelihood of relocating. Marginal effects suggest that education, dwelling asset base and feeling constrained by farming in the former homeland have more weight in predicting beneficiary relocation likelihood (dependent variable). Based on these findings, the article makes recommendations for land redistribution policies.","PeriodicalId":46279,"journal":{"name":"South African Geographical Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":"213 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79429047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-27DOI: 10.1080/03736245.2021.1941218
Kablan Antoine Effossou, M. Cho
ABSTRACT There is a growing demand of land by multinational commercial agribusinesses to meet the increasing demand for food in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and the export market. Land tenure system is identified as one of the factors stymieing the growth of agribusinesses in SSA. The difficulties involved in land tenure for agribusinesses have been frequently attributed to the co-existence of conflicting customary and statutory tenure . However, there is paucity of literature on the variability in land tenure across SSA and their impacts on agribusinesses. This paper reviews the literature on different land tenure and their implication for the growth in agribusiness across SSA. The method used for the literature review involved an analysis of published literature accessed from credible online sources. The analysis reveals that differences between the land tenure systems have varying impacts on agribusinesses across SSA. The study also found that the lack of compatibility between the statutory and customary laws generates resistance by some local community members against agribusiness investors particularly when members of the local communities feel side-lined in the land negotiation processes. The paper therefore articulates a compelling need for SSA countries to harmonize the existing land tenure systems to foster the development of agribusiness sectors.
{"title":"Land tenure conflict and agribusiness development in sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Kablan Antoine Effossou, M. Cho","doi":"10.1080/03736245.2021.1941218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2021.1941218","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is a growing demand of land by multinational commercial agribusinesses to meet the increasing demand for food in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and the export market. Land tenure system is identified as one of the factors stymieing the growth of agribusinesses in SSA. The difficulties involved in land tenure for agribusinesses have been frequently attributed to the co-existence of conflicting customary and statutory tenure . However, there is paucity of literature on the variability in land tenure across SSA and their impacts on agribusinesses. This paper reviews the literature on different land tenure and their implication for the growth in agribusiness across SSA. The method used for the literature review involved an analysis of published literature accessed from credible online sources. The analysis reveals that differences between the land tenure systems have varying impacts on agribusinesses across SSA. The study also found that the lack of compatibility between the statutory and customary laws generates resistance by some local community members against agribusiness investors particularly when members of the local communities feel side-lined in the land negotiation processes. The paper therefore articulates a compelling need for SSA countries to harmonize the existing land tenure systems to foster the development of agribusiness sectors.","PeriodicalId":46279,"journal":{"name":"South African Geographical Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"155 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79667238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-21DOI: 10.1080/03736245.2021.1941220
Tatenda Dzurume, T. Dube, K. H. Thamaga, C. Shoko, D. Mazvimavi
ABSTRACT The study sought to assess the impacts of land use and land cover (LULC) changes on two wetland systems (Makuleke and Nylsvley Nature Reserve) in the Limpopo Transfrontier River Basin (LTRB) in South Africa between 2014 and 2018. To fulfil this objective, multi-date Landsat images were used. Furthermore, the maximum likelihood classification algorithm was used to identify various LULC classes within delineated wetlands. The LULC changes were mapped from the two wetlands, with high overall accuracies, ranging from 80% to 89% for both study areas. The spatial extent of the Makuleke wetland declined by 2% between 2014 and 2018, whereas the Nylsvley wetland decreased by 3%. Built-up areas have increased slightly over the 2014 and 2018 period because of population growth and infrastructure development, which occupy a portion of the wetland. In Nylsvley wetland, it was evident that during the 5-year monitoring period, croplands increased steadily in the Nylsvley catchment. Overall, the results demonstrated a steady decline in natural vegetation cover in both wetlands. This information can aid in enforcing wetland legislations and LULC management practices that can help protect them from further encroachment and degradation.
{"title":"Use of multispectral satellite data to assess impacts of land management practices on wetlands in the Limpopo Transfrontier River Basin, South Africa","authors":"Tatenda Dzurume, T. Dube, K. H. Thamaga, C. Shoko, D. Mazvimavi","doi":"10.1080/03736245.2021.1941220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2021.1941220","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The study sought to assess the impacts of land use and land cover (LULC) changes on two wetland systems (Makuleke and Nylsvley Nature Reserve) in the Limpopo Transfrontier River Basin (LTRB) in South Africa between 2014 and 2018. To fulfil this objective, multi-date Landsat images were used. Furthermore, the maximum likelihood classification algorithm was used to identify various LULC classes within delineated wetlands. The LULC changes were mapped from the two wetlands, with high overall accuracies, ranging from 80% to 89% for both study areas. The spatial extent of the Makuleke wetland declined by 2% between 2014 and 2018, whereas the Nylsvley wetland decreased by 3%. Built-up areas have increased slightly over the 2014 and 2018 period because of population growth and infrastructure development, which occupy a portion of the wetland. In Nylsvley wetland, it was evident that during the 5-year monitoring period, croplands increased steadily in the Nylsvley catchment. Overall, the results demonstrated a steady decline in natural vegetation cover in both wetlands. This information can aid in enforcing wetland legislations and LULC management practices that can help protect them from further encroachment and degradation.","PeriodicalId":46279,"journal":{"name":"South African Geographical Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":"193 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86673166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-18DOI: 10.1080/03736245.2021.1941219
B. Kavhu, Henry Ndaimani
ABSTRACT Detection of key factors driving fire frequency, especially in protected areas, is important for effective management of ecosystems. In this study, we used Generalized Linear Models to test the contribution of natural (NDVI, wind speed, dry matter productivity, soil moisture, percentage tree cover, elevation and temperature) and anthropogenic (distance from settlements) factors as predictors of fire frequency in Hwange National Park and adjacent areas. We used the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to evaluate the variable contribution to fire frequency. The model results indicated that all the variables that were used contributed significantly to fire recurrence (p < 0.05). Distance from settlements contributed the most to the model whilst dry matter productivity and annual average temperature were second and third respectively. Removal of distance from settlements from the model increased the AIC value to 1411.2 while removal of dry matter productivity and temperature resulted in AICs of 1269.9 and 1265.8 respectively. Results showed that settlements which are found in the vicinity of the protected area influence the recurrence of fires. Findings from this study can be used for strategic fire management and for the development of effective measures to minimize fire recurrence in a protected area.
探测驱动火灾频率的关键因素，特别是在保护区，对于有效管理生态系统至关重要。在这项研究中，我们使用广义线性模型来测试自然因子(NDVI、风速、干物质生产力、土壤湿度、树木覆盖率百分比、海拔和温度)和人为因子(与住区的距离)对万基国家公园及其邻近地区火灾频率的预测作用。我们使用赤池信息准则(Akaike Information Criterion, AIC)来评估变量对火灾频率的贡献。模型结果表明，各变量对火灾复发均有显著影响(p < 0.05)。与居民点的距离对模型的影响最大，干物质生产力和年平均温度分别为第二和第三。从模型中去除与聚落的距离使AIC值增加到1411.2，而去除干物质生产力和温度使AIC值分别增加到1269.9和1265.8。结果表明，在保护区附近发现的定居点对火灾的再次发生有影响。这项研究的结果可用于战略火灾管理和制定有效措施，以尽量减少保护区的火灾复发。
{"title":"Analysing factors influencing fire frequency in Hwange National Park","authors":"B. Kavhu, Henry Ndaimani","doi":"10.1080/03736245.2021.1941219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2021.1941219","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Detection of key factors driving fire frequency, especially in protected areas, is important for effective management of ecosystems. In this study, we used Generalized Linear Models to test the contribution of natural (NDVI, wind speed, dry matter productivity, soil moisture, percentage tree cover, elevation and temperature) and anthropogenic (distance from settlements) factors as predictors of fire frequency in Hwange National Park and adjacent areas. We used the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC) to evaluate the variable contribution to fire frequency. The model results indicated that all the variables that were used contributed significantly to fire recurrence (p < 0.05). Distance from settlements contributed the most to the model whilst dry matter productivity and annual average temperature were second and third respectively. Removal of distance from settlements from the model increased the AIC value to 1411.2 while removal of dry matter productivity and temperature resulted in AICs of 1269.9 and 1265.8 respectively. Results showed that settlements which are found in the vicinity of the protected area influence the recurrence of fires. Findings from this study can be used for strategic fire management and for the development of effective measures to minimize fire recurrence in a protected area.","PeriodicalId":46279,"journal":{"name":"South African Geographical Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"177 - 192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81912597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-13DOI: 10.1080/03736245.2021.1934093
Xolile G. Ncipha, V. Sivakumar
ABSTRACT South Africa is the dominant continental source region of CO2 fossil fuel emissions. This is a result of the strong dependence of its economy on fossil fuels. However, the observations of atmospheric CO2 in South Africa are inadequate. The country has the Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) Cape Point station as the only site with long-term ambient CO2 monitoring record. In this study, satellite data retrieved from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) instrument on board the Aura satellite from Dec 2004 to Dec 2009 is used for the first time to quantify the spatial distribution of CO2 over South Africa, as well as to determine its annual variability at selected sites. The study found that the surface CO2 foot print in South Africa resembles the industrial CO2 emission sources spatial distribution, particularly during the summer and autumn. In winter and spring seasons the surface CO2 foot prints are spatially expanded as a result of contributions of emissions from biomass and domestic fossil fuel combustion. The surface levels of CO2 at the study areas have been increasing during the period of the analysis.
{"title":"The first national scale spatial and temporal analysis of surface CO2 over South Africa utilising satellite retrievals","authors":"Xolile G. Ncipha, V. Sivakumar","doi":"10.1080/03736245.2021.1934093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03736245.2021.1934093","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT South Africa is the dominant continental source region of CO2 fossil fuel emissions. This is a result of the strong dependence of its economy on fossil fuels. However, the observations of atmospheric CO2 in South Africa are inadequate. The country has the Global Atmospheric Watch (GAW) Cape Point station as the only site with long-term ambient CO2 monitoring record. In this study, satellite data retrieved from the Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) instrument on board the Aura satellite from Dec 2004 to Dec 2009 is used for the first time to quantify the spatial distribution of CO2 over South Africa, as well as to determine its annual variability at selected sites. The study found that the surface CO2 foot print in South Africa resembles the industrial CO2 emission sources spatial distribution, particularly during the summer and autumn. In winter and spring seasons the surface CO2 foot prints are spatially expanded as a result of contributions of emissions from biomass and domestic fossil fuel combustion. The surface levels of CO2 at the study areas have been increasing during the period of the analysis.","PeriodicalId":46279,"journal":{"name":"South African Geographical Journal","volume":"94 1","pages":"137 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91060581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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