Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a935507
Nevim Borçin
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Searching for the Divine in Plato and Aristotle: Philosophical Theoria and Traditional Practice</em> by Julie K. Ward <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Nevim Borçin </li> </ul> Julie K. Ward. <em>Searching for the Divine in Plato and Aristotle: Philosophical <span>Theoria</span> and Traditional Practice</em>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Pp. v, 208. € 99.99 ISBN 978-1-316-51941-7. <p>In this book, Julie K. Ward examines the concept of <em>theoria</em> within both philosophical and what she terms the ‘traditional’ frameworks. Her primary objective is to enhance the ongoing philosophical discussion surrounding Plato and Aristotle’s accounts of <em>theoria</em> by situating them within the context of the earlier practice of traditional <em>theoria</em>. By understanding the cultural ground from which these philosophical accounts spring, Ward rightly asserts that her work enables a deeper and more sustained critical analysis of both philosophers’ theories than what is found in current scholarship. <strong>[End Page 452]</strong></p> <p>The book features a well-structured introduction followed by six chapters and a concluding section summarizing the key points of the debate. Chapter 1 discusses the activities that comprise traditional <em>theoria</em>, giving precedence to <em>theoria</em> as festival attendance. It also introduces the family of terms relating to <em>theoria</em> and the notion of <em>theoria</em> as philosophical thinking. Chapter 2 explores the traditional usage of <em>theoria</em> in greater depth, referring to writers such as Herodotus, Thucydides, Aristophanes, Euripides, and briefly, Plato. This examination reveals that the traditional concept of <em>theoria</em> involves traveling to festivals and shrines to observe something sacred or highly significant, and these features persist through the philosophical development of the notion.</p> <p>Chapter 3 examines Plato’s treatment of both traditional and philosophical <em>theoria</em>. Ward contends that Plato stands at a crossroad between the traditional idea of <em>theoria</em> and his conception of it as abstract thinking. She insightfully demonstrates how Plato effectively contrasts traditional <em>theoria</em> with philosophical thinking in several dialogues, including the <em>Republic</em>, <em>Symposium</em>, <em>Phaedo</em>, <em>Crito</em>, and <em>Laws</em>. Chapter 4 focuses on Aristotle’s perspective. Ward argues that Aristotle preserves Plato’s understanding of <em>theoria</em> as philosophical intellection, an activity involving the apprehension of forms, but unlike Plato, does not use traditional <em>theoria</em> to define his account. In this chapter, to elucidate the leisurely nature of theoretical activity in Aristotle’s philosophy, Ward contrasts this activity, valued for its intrinsic worth, with act
{"title":"Searching for the Divine in Plato and Aristotle: Philosophical Theoria and Traditional Practice by Julie K. Ward (review)","authors":"Nevim Borçin","doi":"10.1353/clw.2024.a935507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2024.a935507","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Searching for the Divine in Plato and Aristotle: Philosophical Theoria and Traditional Practice</em> by Julie K. Ward <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Nevim Borçin </li> </ul> Julie K. Ward. <em>Searching for the Divine in Plato and Aristotle: Philosophical <span>Theoria</span> and Traditional Practice</em>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021. Pp. v, 208. € 99.99 ISBN 978-1-316-51941-7. <p>In this book, Julie K. Ward examines the concept of <em>theoria</em> within both philosophical and what she terms the ‘traditional’ frameworks. Her primary objective is to enhance the ongoing philosophical discussion surrounding Plato and Aristotle’s accounts of <em>theoria</em> by situating them within the context of the earlier practice of traditional <em>theoria</em>. By understanding the cultural ground from which these philosophical accounts spring, Ward rightly asserts that her work enables a deeper and more sustained critical analysis of both philosophers’ theories than what is found in current scholarship. <strong>[End Page 452]</strong></p> <p>The book features a well-structured introduction followed by six chapters and a concluding section summarizing the key points of the debate. Chapter 1 discusses the activities that comprise traditional <em>theoria</em>, giving precedence to <em>theoria</em> as festival attendance. It also introduces the family of terms relating to <em>theoria</em> and the notion of <em>theoria</em> as philosophical thinking. Chapter 2 explores the traditional usage of <em>theoria</em> in greater depth, referring to writers such as Herodotus, Thucydides, Aristophanes, Euripides, and briefly, Plato. This examination reveals that the traditional concept of <em>theoria</em> involves traveling to festivals and shrines to observe something sacred or highly significant, and these features persist through the philosophical development of the notion.</p> <p>Chapter 3 examines Plato’s treatment of both traditional and philosophical <em>theoria</em>. Ward contends that Plato stands at a crossroad between the traditional idea of <em>theoria</em> and his conception of it as abstract thinking. She insightfully demonstrates how Plato effectively contrasts traditional <em>theoria</em> with philosophical thinking in several dialogues, including the <em>Republic</em>, <em>Symposium</em>, <em>Phaedo</em>, <em>Crito</em>, and <em>Laws</em>. Chapter 4 focuses on Aristotle’s perspective. Ward argues that Aristotle preserves Plato’s understanding of <em>theoria</em> as philosophical intellection, an activity involving the apprehension of forms, but unlike Plato, does not use traditional <em>theoria</em> to define his account. In this chapter, to elucidate the leisurely nature of theoretical activity in Aristotle’s philosophy, Ward contrasts this activity, valued for its intrinsic worth, with act","PeriodicalId":46369,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL WORLD","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a935506
Conor Trainor
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Ancient Olive Presses and Oil Production in Cyrenaica (North-East Libya)</em> by Ahmed M. A. Buzaian <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Conor Trainor </li> </ul> Ahmed M. A. Buzaian. <em>Ancient Olive Presses and Oil Production in Cyrenaica (North-East Libya)</em>. Open Access Monograph 3. London: British Institute for Libyan and North African Studies, 2022. Pp. 176. $55.00. ISBN 9781915808004. Open access: https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/63736. <p><em>Publishers are invited to submit new books to be reviewed to Professor Lawrence Kowerski, Classics Program, Hunter College, 695 Park Ave., New York, NY 10065; email: lawrence.kowerski@hunter.cuny.edu</em>.</p> <p><em>Ancient Olive Presses and Oil Production in Cyrenaica</em> sets out to challenge the widely held interpretation that this region of north-east Libya (half of the Roman province of Crete and Cyrenaica) experienced a significant economic decline from the third century AD onward. The interpretation of economic decline has been established through ancient historical accounts relating to social unrest and a major regional earthquake. Ahmed Buzaian challenges this narrative by arguing convincingly that archaeological evidence can provide a different perspective.</p> <p>This book is an impressive piece of work which has grown out of the PhD research of Buzaian at the University of Leicester. The archaeological data presented in the book largely comes from Buzaian’s survey of a 30,000km<sup>2</sup> area. The survey was focused primarily on identifying and recording the remains of pressing and milling facilities and equipment across a region that roughly spans from modern day Benghazi to Tobruk, and into the elevated hinterlands to the south in Libya. During the survey, Buzaian identified 104 production-related sites, with over 250 examples of pressing and milling installations. The scope and scale of this study transforms our previous understanding of this region, and the wealth of data presented raises some important questions around the economic relationships between urban centers and rural hinterlands.</p> <p>There is not scope in this review to provide an in-depth summary, so I will highlight a few key areas in which this book makes a particularly substantial contribution to scholarship. Most obviously, it redefines the economic topography of Cyrenaica – at least in a sectoral and material sense. The focus on oil production across this region provides extremely valuable data relating to population sustainability, economic output, and the role of wider exchange networks in establishing production trends. The study also presents a picture of regional production with reference to pressing and extraction technologies specifically. This will be significant to those studying ancient oil and/or wine production, who tend to be reliant on
以下是内容的简要摘录，以代替摘要：评论者 Ahmed M. A. Buzaian 著，Conor Trainor Ahmed M. A. Buzaian 译。昔兰尼加（利比亚东北部）的古代橄榄榨油机和橄榄油生产》。Open Access Monograph 3.伦敦：英国利比亚和北非研究所，2022 年。Pp.176.$55.00.ISBN9781915808004。开放存取：https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/63736。欢迎出版商向亨特学院古典学项目 Lawrence Kowerski 教授提交待审新书，地址：695 Park Ave.，New York, NY 10065；电子邮件：lawrence.kowerski@hunter.cuny.edu。昔兰尼加的古代橄榄榨油机和橄榄油生产》一书旨在挑战人们普遍认为的利比亚东北部地区（罗马克里特岛和昔兰尼加省的一半）从公元三世纪起经历了严重的经济衰退这一观点。对经济衰退的解释是通过与社会动荡和地区大地震有关的古代历史记载确立的。艾哈迈德-布扎伊安对这种说法提出了挑战，他令人信服地指出，考古证据可以提供不同的视角。本书是布扎伊安在莱斯特大学的博士研究成果，是一部令人印象深刻的著作。书中介绍的考古数据主要来自布扎伊安对 3 万平方公里区域的调查。调查的主要重点是识别和记录整个地区的压榨和研磨设施及设备遗迹，范围大致从现代的班加西到托布鲁克，再到利比亚南部的高地腹地。在调查过程中，布扎伊安发现了 104 处与生产有关的遗址，其中有 250 多处压榨和碾磨设施。这项研究的范围和规模改变了我们以往对这一地区的认识，所提供的大量数据围绕城市中心和农村腹地之间的经济关系提出了一些重要问题。这篇评论没有足够的篇幅进行深入总结，因此我将强调本书对学术研究做出特别重大贡献的几个关键领域。最明显的是，它重新定义了昔兰尼加的经济地形--至少是在部门和物质意义上。对整个地区石油生产的关注提供了与人口可持续性、经济产出以及更广泛的交换网络在确定生产趋势方面的作用有关的极其宝贵的数据。该研究还具体介绍了压榨和开采技术方面的地区生产情况。这对研究古代石油和/或葡萄酒生产的人来说意义重大，因为他们往往依赖相同的古代书面资料（如 Theophrastus、Columella、Pliny the Elder）来填补材料记录的空白；然而，像本研究、R.弗兰克尔的《以色列和其他地中海国家古代的葡萄酒和石油生产》（Sheffield，1999 年）和 E. Dodds 的《东地中海罗马和古代晚期的葡萄酒生产》（Archaeopress，2020 年）等研究都突出强调了生产技术、做法甚至工艺的地区性特征。虽然古代文献很有帮助，但它们为我们提供的有关生产的描述并不一定普遍适用。本书详细介绍了昔利尼的碾磨和压榨工艺，对于研究其他罗马省份类似主题的人来说具有相当大的价值。[布扎伊安还对昔兰尼加的双耳陶器类型和生产模式进行了研究。虽然与石油生产本身没有直接关系，但生产双耳瓶是为了促进石油的运输/出口和商品化。虽然这项研究还有许多其他方面会引起更广泛的兴趣，但我在这里要指出的最后一个方面是对地区环境和人口可持续性的关注。这项工作密切关注昔兰尼加的环境先决条件，以考虑潜在的石油产量和当地人口的营养需求，从而了解盈余和潜在的出口产量。这部著作的重点是公元二世纪到四世纪，但也包括了更早和更晚时期（古典时期和希腊化时期，以及基督教和伊斯兰教早期）的证据。该书的编排总体上非常出色，BILNAS出版社应受到表扬...
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Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a935504
Judith P. Hallett
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> Gail Smith <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Judith P. Hallett </li> </ul> <p>Non solum hoc ipso die, sed etiam in aeternum posterum tempus, obitum doleamus, celebremus vitam collegae praestantissimae, quae, non sine magno labore,<sup>9</sup> fecit ut et haec universitas magnanima illustrisque, haec urbs excelsa concorsque<sup>10</sup> multo munificiores praeclarioresque factae sint.<sup>11</sup> Est tamen adepta gradum Baccalaureae Artium apud Universitatem voluptatibus diei carpentis faventem,<sup>12</sup> in civitate libertatis rerumque secundarum;<sup>13</sup> tunc, transgressa flumen Rhenum patriae nostrae,14 gradus Magistrae Artium apud universitatem lumen in divino lumine visituram<sup>15</sup> et Doctorisque Philosophiae apud universitatem exhortantem ut <strong>[End Page 446]</strong> perstaret et praestaret.<sup>16</sup> Ipsa praestitit laboribus explicandae comoediae Plautinae de asperis aerumnis servorum captivorumque, comediae olim ut optimae omnium fabularum scaenicarum laudatae: laborans ut prima interpres originis Africanae, et prima docta femina, opus eius modi experta.<sup>17</sup> Ipsa praestitit laboribus aestivis docendae linguae Latinae, et, in hac universitate, docendis illustrandisque et litteris antiquitatis Graecae Romanaeque, et feminarum Africanarum in lingua ultimorum Britannorum.<sup>18</sup> Ipsa praestitit laboribus augentibus facultates discipulorum diversorum, in compluribus ramis eruditionis, fulciens, administrans, locupletans, colens aequitatem et iustitiam omnibus. Vixit, et quem dedit cursum fortuna peregit.<sup>19</sup> Honoremus Gail Smith, beatae memoriae.</p> <p>Not only on this day itself, but also in everlasting time to come, let us mourn the passing, let us celebrate the life of a most distinguished colleague, who, not without great effort, has made both this hospitable and famous university, and a soaring, strong city devoted to unity, become much more bountiful and renowned. She received her BA degree, however, in New Jersey, at Montclair State University; she then earned an MA from Columbia University and a PhD from New York University, both across the Hudson. She herself has excelled by publishing a commentary on Plautus’ <em>Captivi</em>, as the first scholar and first woman scholar of African ancestry, to illuminate this second century BCE Roman play, which treats the painful sufferings of slaves and military captives. She herself has excelled by her efforts teaching for the City University of New York Summer Latin Institute, and for the Brooklyn College Classics and Africana Studies Departments. And she herself has excelled as founding director of the CUNY Pipeline program, and director of the Office of Educational Opportunity at the CUNY Graduate Center, winning external <strong>[End Page 447]</strong> grants for more than $11.5 million to empower students in all arts and sci
以下是内容的简要摘录，以代替摘要： 盖尔-史密斯（Gail Smith）、朱迪思-P-哈利特（Judith P. Hallett） 非但没有逝世，而且还在永恒的后世中逝世，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯，逝者如斯。12 在公民自由的基础上；13 但是，在我们的祖国，14 在大学里的文科学士和文科博士在神的光辉中徜徉，15 在大学里的哲学博士在神的光辉中遨游，16 在大学里的哲学博士在神的光辉中翱翔，17 在大学里的哲学博士在神的光辉中翱翔，18 在大学里的哲学博士在神的光辉中翱翔，19 在大学里的哲学博士在神的光辉中翱翔，20 在大学里的哲学博士在神的光辉中翱翔，21 在大学里的哲学博士在神的光辉中翱翔，22 在大学里的哲学博士在神的光辉中翱翔，23 在大学里的哲学博士在神的光辉中翱翔。16Ipsa praestitit laboribus explicandae comoediae Plautinae de asperis aerumnis servorum captivorumque, comediae olim ut optimae omnium fabularum scaenicarum praudatae: laborans ut prima interpres originis Africanae, et prima docta femina, opus eius modi experta.17Ipsa praestitit laboribus aestivis docendae linguae Latinae, et, in hac universitate, docendis illustrandisque et litteris antiquitatis Graecae Romanaeque, et feminarum Africanarum in lingua ultimorum Britannorum.18Ipsa praestit laboribus augentibus facultates discipulorum diversorum, in compluribus ramis eruditionis, fulciens, administrans, locupletans, colens aequitatem et iustitiam omnibus.Vixit, et quem dedit cursum fortuna peregit.19 Honoremus Gail Smith, beatae memoriae.不仅在今天，而且在未来的永恒岁月里，让我们悼念这位杰出同事的逝去，让我们赞颂她的一生，她不遗余力地使这所热情好客的著名大学和这座高耸入云、致力于团结的强大城市变得更加富饶和著名。然而，她是在新泽西州蒙特克莱尔州立大学获得学士学位的，之后又在哈德逊河对岸的哥伦比亚大学获得硕士学位，并在纽约大学获得博士学位。她作为第一位学者，也是第一位非洲裔女学者，为普劳图斯的《卡普提维》发表了评论，阐明了这部公元前二世纪的罗马戏剧，描写了奴隶和军事俘虏的痛苦。她本人在纽约市立大学夏季拉丁语学院、布鲁克林学院古典学系和非洲研究系的教学工作中表现出色。作为纽约市立大学管道计划的创始主任和纽约市立大学研究生中心教育机会办公室主任，她本人也表现出色，赢得了超过 1,150 万美元的外部 [尾页 447]赠款，使所有艺术和科学领域的学生都有能力继续深造，为所有人赢得一个更加公平公正的未来。她活出了自己的人生，也完成了自己的使命。Judith P. Hallett 马里兰大学学院帕克分校 脚注 9.Nil sine magno labore，"没有巨大的努力就没有一切"，布鲁克林学院的拉丁文校训。10.10. 布鲁克林的荷兰语校训 Eendraght Maeckt Maght，"团结就是力量"，被译成拉丁语为 Concordia roborat。纽约市的旗帜显示了州箴言 Excelsior，"eveupward"，以及出现在美国国玺上的[Vergilian]拉丁短语 E Pluribus Unum，"One out of many/more"。11.11. 维吉尔，《埃涅伊德》4.655，摘自黛朵的最后演讲：Urbem praeclaram statui，"我让一座城市（北非的迦太基）声名远播"。12.Carpe diem，"把握今天"，出自贺拉斯《奥德》1.11.8，是蒙特克莱尔州立大学的拉丁文校训。13."自由与繁荣 "是新泽西州的（英文）州训。14.1939 年，《生活》杂志将哈德逊河描述为 "美国的莱茵河（Rhenum flumen）"。15.In lumine tuo videbimus lumen，希伯来文《诗篇》36.9 的拉丁文译文，"在你的光中，我们将看见光明"，哥伦比亚大学的拉丁文校训。16.Perstare et praestare，"坚持不懈，出类拔萃"，纽约大学的拉丁文校训。17.18 世纪德国作家莱辛称赞普劳图斯的《卡普提维》是有史以来最好的戏剧，因为它对奴隶制和残酷的战争现实进行了生动的描写。18.卡图卢斯 11.11-12 Gallicum Rhenum ... ... ultimosque Britannos。她的研究和教学主题从普鲁塔克等古代语言作家的文本到惠特莉和赫斯顿等黑人女性的经典英文写作。19.Vergil, Aeneid 4. 653, Dido's words：Vixi et quem dederat cursum fortuna peregi，"我生活并完成了...
{"title":"Gail Smith","authors":"Judith P. Hallett","doi":"10.1353/clw.2024.a935504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2024.a935504","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> Gail Smith <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Judith P. Hallett </li> </ul> <p>Non solum hoc ipso die, sed etiam in aeternum posterum tempus, obitum doleamus, celebremus vitam collegae praestantissimae, quae, non sine magno labore,<sup>9</sup> fecit ut et haec universitas magnanima illustrisque, haec urbs excelsa concorsque<sup>10</sup> multo munificiores praeclarioresque factae sint.<sup>11</sup> Est tamen adepta gradum Baccalaureae Artium apud Universitatem voluptatibus diei carpentis faventem,<sup>12</sup> in civitate libertatis rerumque secundarum;<sup>13</sup> tunc, transgressa flumen Rhenum patriae nostrae,14 gradus Magistrae Artium apud universitatem lumen in divino lumine visituram<sup>15</sup> et Doctorisque Philosophiae apud universitatem exhortantem ut <strong>[End Page 446]</strong> perstaret et praestaret.<sup>16</sup> Ipsa praestitit laboribus explicandae comoediae Plautinae de asperis aerumnis servorum captivorumque, comediae olim ut optimae omnium fabularum scaenicarum laudatae: laborans ut prima interpres originis Africanae, et prima docta femina, opus eius modi experta.<sup>17</sup> Ipsa praestitit laboribus aestivis docendae linguae Latinae, et, in hac universitate, docendis illustrandisque et litteris antiquitatis Graecae Romanaeque, et feminarum Africanarum in lingua ultimorum Britannorum.<sup>18</sup> Ipsa praestitit laboribus augentibus facultates discipulorum diversorum, in compluribus ramis eruditionis, fulciens, administrans, locupletans, colens aequitatem et iustitiam omnibus. Vixit, et quem dedit cursum fortuna peregit.<sup>19</sup> Honoremus Gail Smith, beatae memoriae.</p> <p>Not only on this day itself, but also in everlasting time to come, let us mourn the passing, let us celebrate the life of a most distinguished colleague, who, not without great effort, has made both this hospitable and famous university, and a soaring, strong city devoted to unity, become much more bountiful and renowned. She received her BA degree, however, in New Jersey, at Montclair State University; she then earned an MA from Columbia University and a PhD from New York University, both across the Hudson. She herself has excelled by publishing a commentary on Plautus’ <em>Captivi</em>, as the first scholar and first woman scholar of African ancestry, to illuminate this second century BCE Roman play, which treats the painful sufferings of slaves and military captives. She herself has excelled by her efforts teaching for the City University of New York Summer Latin Institute, and for the Brooklyn College Classics and Africana Studies Departments. And she herself has excelled as founding director of the CUNY Pipeline program, and director of the Office of Educational Opportunity at the CUNY Graduate Center, winning external <strong>[End Page 447]</strong> grants for more than $11.5 million to empower students in all arts and sci","PeriodicalId":46369,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL WORLD","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a935500
Kieran McGroarty
Supposititious children may be defined as children smuggled into households and then presented as legitimate off-spring. This article considers the sources that refer to such children in the Classical and Hellenistic periods at Athens. It explores the underlying concern of the male citizen that these children might be enrolled in the citizen population. It explains that this anxiety was tied to the possible contamination of their imagined pure bloodlines, a contamination they believed threatened the legitimate operation of the social, cultural, and political mechanisms of the city.
{"title":"Supposititious Children and Athenian Civic Identity","authors":"Kieran McGroarty","doi":"10.1353/clw.2024.a935500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2024.a935500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Supposititious children may be defined as children smuggled into households and then presented as legitimate off-spring. This article considers the sources that refer to such children in the Classical and Hellenistic periods at Athens. It explores the underlying concern of the male citizen that these children might be enrolled in the citizen population. It explains that this anxiety was tied to the possible contamination of their imagined pure bloodlines, a contamination they believed threatened the legitimate operation of the social, cultural, and political mechanisms of the city.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":46369,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL WORLD","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a935501
Laura M. Banducci
Cato the Elder’s De agricultura, the first farming manual in Latin, inspired a genre of farming manuals and didactic texts; yet Cato’s real-life participation in farming and the accuracy of his knowledge has been called into question. Centuries later, we see the rise in agricultural writing among British gentlemen of the 18th and 19th centuries; here wealthy landowners wrote detailed instructions about menial labor. This paper explores the emergence of the farming genre among elite authors in these two contexts and considers how it reflects the tensions of two nascent empires.
老加图（Cato the Elder）的《农业》（De agricultura）是拉丁文中第一本农耕手册，它启发了农耕手册和说教文本的流派；然而，加图在现实生活中对农耕的参与及其知识的准确性却受到质疑。几个世纪后，我们看到 18 世纪和 19 世纪英国绅士们的农事写作兴起；在这里，富有的地主们写下了关于琐碎劳动的详细说明。本文探讨了在这两种背景下精英作家中出现的农事体裁，并探讨了它如何反映了两个新生帝国的紧张关系。
{"title":"Cato the Elder and the \"Theoretical Farmers\" of 18th- and 19th-century Britain","authors":"Laura M. Banducci","doi":"10.1353/clw.2024.a935501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2024.a935501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cato the Elder’s <i>De agricultura</i>, the first farming manual in Latin, inspired a genre of farming manuals and didactic texts; yet Cato’s real-life participation in farming and the accuracy of his knowledge has been called into question. Centuries later, we see the rise in agricultural writing among British gentlemen of the 18th and 19th centuries; here wealthy landowners wrote detailed instructions about menial labor. This paper explores the emergence of the farming genre among elite authors in these two contexts and considers how it reflects the tensions of two nascent empires.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":46369,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL WORLD","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a935502
Christine L. Johnston, Chelsea A.M. Gardner
This article presents a state-of-the-field assessment of the use of digital resources and tools in ancient Mediterranean studies teaching. This includes a presentation of the results of a recent survey focusing on pedagogical practices and multimedia use among ancient Mediterranean studies professionals and an overview of the benefits and challenges of incorporating rich-format media and digital resources into learner-centered curricula. The article also provides a summary of methodological approaches that can enhance learning retention and promote authentic and deep learning, with the goal of empowering students to think critically about the ancient past and their modern world.
{"title":"Digital Media and Online Resources in Ancient Mediterranean Teaching","authors":"Christine L. Johnston, Chelsea A.M. Gardner","doi":"10.1353/clw.2024.a935502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2024.a935502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article presents a state-of-the-field assessment of the use of digital resources and tools in ancient Mediterranean studies teaching. This includes a presentation of the results of a recent survey focusing on pedagogical practices and multimedia use among ancient Mediterranean studies professionals and an overview of the benefits and challenges of incorporating rich-format media and digital resources into learner-centered curricula. The article also provides a summary of methodological approaches that can enhance learning retention and promote authentic and deep learning, with the goal of empowering students to think critically about the ancient past and their modern world.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":46369,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL WORLD","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-20DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a935499
William Brockliss
Unlike the fat body of Iros, παχύς bodies in Homeric poetry are powerful, attractive, and consistent with a non-gender- specific conception of the erotic. In Odyssey 18, Iros’ bulk belies his lack of strength, but Odysseus’ large frame, elsewhere described as παχύς, both promises and delivers effective action. A threat of castration distances Iros from the erotic; Odysseus enjoys sexual intimacy with several characters. Penelope exercises seductive charms over the suitors in book 18, shortly after being described as παχύς; the description of her “παχύς hand” at 21.6 suggests both bulk and strength.
{"title":"Fat and Large Bodies in Homeric Poetry: Iros and Penelope","authors":"William Brockliss","doi":"10.1353/clw.2024.a935499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2024.a935499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unlike the fat body of Iros, παχύς bodies in Homeric poetry are powerful, attractive, and consistent with a non-gender- specific conception of the erotic. In <i>Odyssey</i> 18, Iros’ bulk belies his lack of strength, but Odysseus’ large frame, elsewhere described as παχύς, both promises and delivers effective action. A threat of castration distances Iros from the erotic; Odysseus enjoys sexual intimacy with several characters. Penelope exercises seductive charms over the suitors in book 18, shortly after being described as παχύς; the description of her “παχύς hand” at 21.6 suggests both bulk and strength.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":46369,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL WORLD","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142216039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-24DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a928924
Roman M. Frolov
This paper argues that Lucan’s use of the word privatus to refer to the proconsuls Caesar and Pompeius corresponds to the republican formal definition of promagistrates as privati vis-à-vis magistratus (the existence of such a definition is, however, a subject of modern debate). Additionally, Lucan uses the label privatus to highlight Caesar and Pompeius’ unusually proactive role in the sphere domi, outside their sphere of competence. Building on this analysis, it becomes possible to better appreciate Lucan’s distortions in his representation of Caesar as a proconsul.
{"title":"Lucan and Republican Promagistrates","authors":"Roman M. Frolov","doi":"10.1353/clw.2024.a928924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2024.a928924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper argues that Lucan’s use of the word <i>privatus</i> to refer to the proconsuls Caesar and Pompeius corresponds to the republican formal definition of promagistrates as <i>privati</i> vis-à-vis <i>magistratus</i> (the existence of such a definition is, however, a subject of modern debate). Additionally, Lucan uses the label <i>privatus</i> to highlight Caesar and Pompeius’ unusually proactive role in the sphere <i>domi</i>, outside their sphere of competence. Building on this analysis, it becomes possible to better appreciate Lucan’s distortions in his representation of Caesar as a proconsul.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":46369,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL WORLD","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141152101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-24DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a928927
Micah Myers
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Folds of Olympus: Mountains in Ancient Greek and Roman Culture</em> by Jason König <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Micah Myers </li> </ul> Jason König. <em>The Folds of Olympus: Mountains in Ancient Greek and Roman Culture</em>. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2022. Pp. xxx, 444. $45.00. ISBN 9780691201290. <p>Jason König’s monograph casts new emphasis on the role of mountains in ancient Mediterranean literature, art, and lived experience, from archaic Greece to early Christian contexts. König’s wide-ranging book, part of an even broader project on mountains funded by the Leverhulme Trust,<sup>1</sup> offers something for many readers, including Classicists interested in landscape, geography, and ecocriticism, as well as scholars from the cross-disciplinary field of “mountain studies.” It is also an embodied text, sprinkled with descriptions of the author’s own hikes up various peaks, especially in Greece. König views these mountain treks as having helped him understand his subject. He also expresses hope that his ascents will encourage others to follow the same scholarly and mountainous paths.</p> <p>The book is divided into four thematic sections. The first looks at mountains as places of divine-human interface. Chapter 1 reviews archaeological and textual evidence for summit altars, convincingly demonstrating the importance of mountains as places of worship around the Mediterranean. The next three chapters turn to literary sources: archaic Greek hexameter poetry (chapter 2); Pausanias (chapter 3); and biblical and early Christian pilgrimage traditions, from Exodus to Egeria (chapter 4). König’s discussion highlights that mountains feature repeatedly as spaces where humans and gods engage through religious ritual and divine epiphany, whether in the poetic present or the mythological or biblical past.</p> <p>In the second section, “Mountain Vision,” König returns to an argument put forward in the preface: that his book challenges the notion found in earlier mountain studies scholarship that only in the late eighteenth century did mountains come to be “appreciated as places of beauty and sublimity” (xx). Chapter 5 surveys examples of mountains described as beautiful and sublime from across classical literature, including Aeschylus, [Longinus] <em>On the Sublime</em>, and Lucretius. Chapter 6 focuses on volcanoes, particularly Mount Etna, as awe-inspiring objects of vision in sources ranging from Pindar to the Pseudo-Vergilian <em>Aetna</em>. Chapter 7, one of the strongest, considers mountains in Greek and Roman art. König argues that miniaturizing mountains or representing them as a rock or rock pile is not a matter of indifference. To the contrary, mountains were: “crowded with symbolic and narrative associations; it would have taken only a cursory representation of the summit to acti
{"title":"The Folds of Olympus: Mountains in Ancient Greek and Roman Culture by Jason König (review)","authors":"Micah Myers","doi":"10.1353/clw.2024.a928927","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2024.a928927","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Folds of Olympus: Mountains in Ancient Greek and Roman Culture</em> by Jason König <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Micah Myers </li> </ul> Jason König. <em>The Folds of Olympus: Mountains in Ancient Greek and Roman Culture</em>. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2022. Pp. xxx, 444. $45.00. ISBN 9780691201290. <p>Jason König’s monograph casts new emphasis on the role of mountains in ancient Mediterranean literature, art, and lived experience, from archaic Greece to early Christian contexts. König’s wide-ranging book, part of an even broader project on mountains funded by the Leverhulme Trust,<sup>1</sup> offers something for many readers, including Classicists interested in landscape, geography, and ecocriticism, as well as scholars from the cross-disciplinary field of “mountain studies.” It is also an embodied text, sprinkled with descriptions of the author’s own hikes up various peaks, especially in Greece. König views these mountain treks as having helped him understand his subject. He also expresses hope that his ascents will encourage others to follow the same scholarly and mountainous paths.</p> <p>The book is divided into four thematic sections. The first looks at mountains as places of divine-human interface. Chapter 1 reviews archaeological and textual evidence for summit altars, convincingly demonstrating the importance of mountains as places of worship around the Mediterranean. The next three chapters turn to literary sources: archaic Greek hexameter poetry (chapter 2); Pausanias (chapter 3); and biblical and early Christian pilgrimage traditions, from Exodus to Egeria (chapter 4). König’s discussion highlights that mountains feature repeatedly as spaces where humans and gods engage through religious ritual and divine epiphany, whether in the poetic present or the mythological or biblical past.</p> <p>In the second section, “Mountain Vision,” König returns to an argument put forward in the preface: that his book challenges the notion found in earlier mountain studies scholarship that only in the late eighteenth century did mountains come to be “appreciated as places of beauty and sublimity” (xx). Chapter 5 surveys examples of mountains described as beautiful and sublime from across classical literature, including Aeschylus, [Longinus] <em>On the Sublime</em>, and Lucretius. Chapter 6 focuses on volcanoes, particularly Mount Etna, as awe-inspiring objects of vision in sources ranging from Pindar to the Pseudo-Vergilian <em>Aetna</em>. Chapter 7, one of the strongest, considers mountains in Greek and Roman art. König argues that miniaturizing mountains or representing them as a rock or rock pile is not a matter of indifference. To the contrary, mountains were: “crowded with symbolic and narrative associations; it would have taken only a cursory representation of the summit to acti","PeriodicalId":46369,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL WORLD","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141152062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-24DOI: 10.1353/clw.2024.a928926
Isabella Image
Discussion of the Empress Fausta, wife of Constantine, has in the past concentrated largely on theories about her death. This article follows current trends on Late Antique empresses by examining the clues about her life and activities. It demonstrates her role in helping Constantine assert his imperial legitimacy, and suggests an involvement in church affairs and patronage of buildings. In all, she had more visibility in the public sphere than she is often credited with.
{"title":"\"Hard to find another woman like her\": Constantine's Empress Fausta","authors":"Isabella Image","doi":"10.1353/clw.2024.a928926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/clw.2024.a928926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Discussion of the Empress Fausta, wife of Constantine, has in the past concentrated largely on theories about her death. This article follows current trends on Late Antique empresses by examining the clues about her life and activities. It demonstrates her role in helping Constantine assert his imperial legitimacy, and suggests an involvement in church affairs and patronage of buildings. In all, she had more visibility in the public sphere than she is often credited with.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":46369,"journal":{"name":"CLASSICAL WORLD","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141152096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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