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Journal of Community Practice最新文献

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Community-engaged technology development for bridging service users and service providers: lessons from the field 社区参与的技术开发,以连接服务用户和服务提供者:实地经验教训
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2101573
Wonhyung Lee, Kelly M. Gross, C. Chelmis, Daphney-Stavroula Zois
ABSTRACT This article shares the experiences and lessons learned from a community project that aims to develop a technology-based solution to improve communications between service users and service providers. Through this multi-year project in the Capital District of New York State, a team of social workers and engineers created a mobile app prototype based on the feedback from the community. This case study shares insights for conceptualizing various phases of community engagement as well as for recruiting multiple groups of stakeholders in the process of creating a collective vision for technology development.
本文分享了一个社区项目的经验和教训,该项目旨在开发一种基于技术的解决方案,以改善服务用户和服务提供商之间的通信。通过这个在纽约州首都区进行的多年项目,一个由社会工作者和工程师组成的团队根据社区的反馈创建了一个移动应用程序原型。本案例研究分享了概念化社区参与的各个阶段以及在创建技术开发集体愿景的过程中招募多个利益相关者群体的见解。
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引用次数: 2
A convergence of crises: how do we move community practice forward? 危机的汇合:我们如何推进社区实践?
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2106765
Amy Mendenhall, Deborah Adams, Mary L. Ohmer, Michelle Mohr Carney
As we write this editorial, the COVID-19 pandemic continues, but has shifted to a different phase in which public health mandates, restrictions, and recommendations have lessened, vaccines are available for all ages six-months and older, and tentative conversations about what an endemic stage of the virus looks like have begun. Despite these changes, the virus case and positivity rates continue to fluctuate with the emergence of new variants and seasonal patterns of individuals engaging in travel and gatherings. Globally, as of early July 2022, there have been 547,901,157 confirmed cases of COVID-19, including 6,339,899 deaths, and over 12 billion vaccine doses have been administered. In the United States as of early July, 86,512,787 COVID-19 cases have been reported, including 1,010,089 deaths, and approximately 66% of the total US population has been fully vaccinated. Data suggests that more than 40% of US adults have had COVID-19, with 1 in 13 US adults experiencing “long COVID,” symptoms lasting three or more months after contracting the virus (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022). Additionally, the pandemic has amplified mental health concerns. In the first year of the pandemic, the global prevalence of anxiety and depression increased by 25%, with the most severe impact on young people, women, and people with preexisting physical health conditions (World Health Organization, 2022). During the pandemic in the U.S., approximately 4 in 10 adults have reported symptoms of anxiety or depression, up from 1 in 10 the year prior to the pandemic (Panchal et al., 2021). However, as an early pandemic report from the United Nations warned:
在我们撰写这篇社论的时候,新冠肺炎大流行仍在继续,但已经转移到一个不同的阶段,在这个阶段,公共卫生授权、限制和建议已经减少,所有六个月及以上的人都可以接种疫苗,关于病毒流行阶段的初步对话已经开始。尽管发生了这些变化,但随着新变种的出现以及旅行和聚会的季节性模式,病毒病例和阳性率仍在波动。截至2022年7月初,全球共有547901157例新冠肺炎确诊病例,包括6339899例死亡病例,已接种120多亿剂疫苗。截至7月初,美国已报告86512787例新冠肺炎病例,其中1010089例死亡,约66%的美国总人口已完全接种疫苗。数据显示,超过40%的美国成年人患有新冠肺炎,每13名美国成年人中就有1人患有“长期新冠肺炎”,症状在感染病毒后持续三个月或更长时间(美国疾病控制与预防中心,2022)。此外,新冠疫情加剧了人们对心理健康的担忧。在大流行的第一年,全球焦虑和抑郁的患病率增加了25%,对年轻人、女性和已有身体健康状况的人的影响最为严重(世界卫生组织,2022)。在美国疫情期间,大约十分之四的成年人报告有焦虑或抑郁症状,高于疫情前一年的十分之一(Panchal等人,2021)。然而,正如联合国早期的一份疫情报告所警告的那样:
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引用次数: 0
Youth civic and community engagement under Singapore’s COVID-19 lockdown: motivations, online mobilization, action, and future directions 新加坡新冠肺炎封锁下的青年公民和社区参与:动机、在线动员、行动和未来方向
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2108952
J. Kwan
ABSTRACT Disasters like COVID-19 adversely affect young adults but also present opportunities for civic and community engagement. Cognizant of and personally experiencing the pandemic’s disproportionate socio-economic fallout on disadvantaged communities, civically engaged young adults have mobilized and questioned government actors and structures which perpetuated pre-pandemic vulnerabilities. However, research gaps exist about their motivations, community engagement processes, and implications of post-disaster mobilization on long-term socio-political engagement with communities and governments. A thematic analysis of public podcast episodes produced by the author during Singapore’s COVID-19 lockdown revealed five chronologically related themes: “Pandemic and lockdown as triggers,” “Motivations,” “Online mobilization,” “Action,” and “Future directions.” Respondents, triggered by COVID-19, were motivated by new socio-economic needs and existing inequalities and responded quickly. Their seamless online mobilization and action informed future civic and political directions, resulting in two distinct approaches to long-term engagement. Those framing their initiatives as addressing preexisting needs called for more fundamental changes to ensure communities were not vulnerable to start with. Others who believed that the government’s pandemic response was adequate focused solely on their own initiatives, which they saw as filling gaps that the government could not. Youth COVID-19 engagement is thus likely to shape community-building and young adults’ expectations of governments.
像COVID-19这样的灾害对年轻人产生了不利影响,但也为公民和社区参与提供了机会。认识到并亲身经历了这一大流行病对弱势社区造成的不成比例的社会经济影响,参与公民活动的青年成年人动员起来,对使大流行病前脆弱性长期存在的政府行为体和结构提出了质疑。然而,在他们的动机、社区参与过程以及灾后动员对社区和政府长期社会政治参与的影响方面,研究存在差距。作者对新加坡新冠肺炎封锁期间制作的公共播客节目进行了专题分析,揭示了五个按时间顺序相关的主题:“流行病和封锁作为触发因素”、“动机”、“在线动员”、“行动”和“未来方向”。受2019冠状病毒病影响,受访者受到新的社会经济需求和现有不平等现象的推动,并迅速作出反应。他们无缝的在线动员和行动为未来的公民和政治方向提供了信息,从而形成了两种不同的长期参与方式。那些将他们的倡议定义为解决先前存在的需求的人呼吁进行更根本的变革,以确保社区从一开始就不容易受到伤害。还有一些人认为政府的疫情应对措施已经足够,他们只关注自己的举措,认为这些举措填补了政府无法填补的空白。因此,青年参与COVID-19可能会影响社区建设和年轻人对政府的期望。
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引用次数: 5
Community events as part of age-friendly community practice 社区活动是老年友好型社区实践的一部分
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2106526
N. Pope, E. Greenfield
ABSTRACT As the number of localities committing to age-friendly progress increases worldwide, there is growing interest in the processes and contexts that lead to systemic and long-term age-friendly community (AFC) impact. Our study aimed to advance research in this area by exploring community events as a mechanism through which practitioners work toward AFC goals. We used semi-structured interview data with core teams that participated in a multi-year developmental evaluation of eight grant-funded AFC initiatives in New Jersey. We employed a constructivist grounded theory approach to analyze the data, focusing on how AFC leaders facilitate events and what they perceive as the value of events. Findings highlighted the centrality of an inter-organizational context for event planning and implementation, as well as the unique positioning of AFC leaders relative to other community actors. Results further indicated that AFC leaders view events as immediately benefiting older adults and local organizational partners, while also having longer-term strategic value, including by deepening older adults’ engagement with the AFC initiative, providing opportunities for core teams to learn about aging in community, and expanding the AFC initiative’s community presence. We interpret these findings within a community-building framework, theorizing that events can strategically build relational capacity to sustain age-friendly progress within broader community systems.
摘要随着世界各地致力于老年友好进步的地区数量的增加,人们对产生系统性和长期老年友好社区(AFC)影响的过程和背景越来越感兴趣。我们的研究旨在通过探索社区活动作为从业者实现AFC目标的机制来推进这一领域的研究。我们使用了核心团队的半结构化访谈数据,这些团队参与了对新泽西州八项赠款资助的AFC倡议的多年发展评估。我们采用了基于建构主义的理论方法来分析数据,重点关注亚足联领导人如何促进事件以及他们认为事件的价值。调查结果强调了组织间环境对活动规划和实施的中心作用,以及亚足联领导人相对于其他社区行为者的独特定位。结果进一步表明,亚足联领导人认为,这些活动立即惠及老年人和当地组织合作伙伴,同时也具有长期战略价值,包括加深老年人对亚足联倡议的参与,为核心团队提供了解社区老龄化的机会,以及扩大亚足联倡议在社区的影响力。我们在社区建设框架内解释了这些发现,理论上认为事件可以战略性地建立关系能力,以在更广泛的社区系统中保持对年龄友好的进步。
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引用次数: 3
Third spaces and opioid use within Black communities of Dane County: a qualitative secondary data analysis 戴恩县黑人社区的第三空间和阿片类药物使用:定性二级数据分析
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2107133
T. Williams, Carolee Dodge Francis
ABSTRACT This study utilizes data initially collected by evaluators at Wisconsin’s Department of Health Services to create a secondary data analysis to investigate the opioid use and misuse among Black residents of Dane County. Sociologist Eric Klinenberg defines the term social infrastructure as the physical places and organizations that shape the way people interact. This study analyzes conversations of Black women, men, and youth throughout Dane County as they discuss the role of social infrastructure, specifically Third Spaces, as a contributing factor to drug abuse. Using a phenomenological design to analyze eleven focus groups and interview transcripts, this study helps fill the gap in scholarly literature of first-hand accounts from Black residents who have been impacted by the opioid crisis. Interviewees reveal that opioid use in Black communities throughout Dane County is exceptionally complex and involves multiple systems and structures that reach far beyond individuals’ choices and behaviors, which are often alluded to as the root of drug abuse. The first-hand accounts depict the impact of being denied access to spaces and how the absence of social infrastructure has impacted their lives. The results of this study help support arguments for easily accessible social, economic, and political resources in Black communities to reduce opioid abuse.
摘要本研究利用威斯康星州卫生服务部评估人员最初收集的数据,创建了二次数据分析,以调查丹县黑人居民中阿片类药物的使用和滥用情况。社会学家埃里克·克林伯格将社会基础设施一词定义为塑造人们互动方式的物理场所和组织。这项研究分析了达内县黑人女性、男性和青年的对话,他们讨论了社会基础设施,特别是第三空间,作为药物滥用的一个促成因素的作用。本研究采用现象学设计分析了11个焦点小组和访谈记录,有助于填补学术文献中对受阿片类药物危机影响的黑人居民的第一手描述的空白。受访者透露,达内县黑人社区的阿片类药物使用异常复杂,涉及多个系统和结构,远远超出了个人的选择和行为,而这往往被认为是药物滥用的根源。第一手资料描述了被拒绝进入空间的影响,以及缺乏社会基础设施对他们生活的影响。这项研究的结果有助于支持黑人社区易于获得的社会、经济和政治资源,以减少阿片类药物滥用的论点。
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引用次数: 1
The lens of community 社区的镜头
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2077598
Michelle Mohr Carney, Deborah Adams, Amy Mendenhall, Mary L. Ohmer
When asked what community we belong to, how do we respond? Do we define community in terms of our family, faith, profession, or geographic area? Many define communities in terms of space or place (MacQueen et al., 2001). I live in a city, I live in the suburbs, or I live in a rural community. For each member associated with these communities the identified categorization has meaning in terms of relationships that unite the community. Community is a structure, it’s a place, it’s a defined space, but community can also transcend space (Weil et al., 2012). It can be the place where we belong. Where we make meaning. Communities of meaning or those based on shared beliefs, shared experiences, or shared ethnicity also tell the story of the people in the community. The profession of social work differentiates itself from other helping professions with its focus on the person in the environment (Kondrat, 2013). What is the interaction between the environment and the individual? More specifically, what is the relationship between the community and the individuals in that community? We articulate this perspective as the person in environment orientation, but it is really the recognition that it is imperative to understand the interplay between the people and their communities. Community members are impacted by communities experiencing crises whether environmental, racial, economic, or because of an external force like gentrification. The most well-meaning individuals in those places cannot be separated from the trauma of poverty, discrimination, pollution, or war, and the resulting restrictions on life and barriers to meeting basic needs. In general, this issue observes our interaction with communities in three ways, as places that call us back and have meaning in our lives, as vulnerable places where external entities can disrupt or have disregard for community, and as “labs” of sorts where students and young people are recognized as vital members of the community with agency and voice who can engage with communities to impact programs and policies and create a vision for improved futures. This issue opens with an article by Sears et al. (2022) that highlights the resiliency of the Appalachian region in Kentucky where geographic and ontological communities intersect. They examine the interplay between Appalachian roots/identity and the rural isolation of residents. Rather than focusing on the commonly held stigma or deficits of the region as the primary lens, the authors choose to explore why young adults stay. The article speaks to resiliency, commitment to place, and what it means to call a community home. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PRACTICE 2022, VOL. 30, NO. 2, 105–108 https://doi.org/10.1080/10705422.2022.2077598
当被问及我们属于哪个社区时,我们如何回应?我们是否根据我们的家庭、信仰、职业或地理区域来定义社区?许多人用空间或地点来定义社区(MacQueen等人,2001年)。我住在城市,我住在郊区,或者我住在农村社区。对于与这些社区相关联的每个成员,所识别的分类在团结社区的关系方面具有意义。社区是一种结构,是一个地方,是一种定义的空间,但社区也可以超越空间(Weil et al.,2012)。它可以是我们的归属地。我们在哪里创造意义。有意义的社区或基于共同信仰、共同经历或共同种族的社区也讲述了社区中人们的故事。社会工作职业与其他帮助职业的区别在于,它关注的是环境中的人(Kondrat,2013)。环境和个人之间的互动是什么?更具体地说,社区和社区中的个人之间的关系是什么?我们将这种观点表述为以环境为导向的人,但这实际上是认识到,必须了解人们及其社区之间的相互作用。社区成员受到经历危机的社区的影响,无论是环境、种族、经济危机,还是由于士绅化等外部力量。这些地方最善意的人离不开贫困、歧视、污染或战争的创伤,以及由此对生活的限制和满足基本需求的障碍。总的来说,这个问题以三种方式观察我们与社区的互动,一种是召唤我们回来并在我们的生活中有意义的地方,另一种是外部实体可能破坏或无视社区的脆弱地方,作为“实验室”,学生和年轻人被公认为社区的重要成员,拥有代理权和发言权,可以与社区接触,影响项目和政策,并为改善未来创造愿景。本期以西尔斯等人的一篇文章开篇。(2022)强调了肯塔基州阿巴拉契亚地区的弹性,那里的地理和本体论社区相互交叉。他们研究了阿巴拉契亚的根源/身份与农村居民的孤立之间的相互作用。作者没有将该地区普遍存在的污名或缺陷作为主要视角,而是选择探究年轻人留下来的原因。这篇文章谈到了韧性、对地方的承诺,以及所谓的社区之家意味着什么。《2022年社区实践杂志》,第30卷,第2期,105-108https://doi.org/10.1080/10705422.2022.2077598
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引用次数: 0
The repercussions of large-scale immigration worksite raids on immigrant women: results from six rural communities 大规模移民工地突击搜查对移民妇女的影响:来自六个农村社区的结果
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2067608
Katherine M. Collins, Nicole L. Novak, Gladys E. Godinez, Tamera L. Shull, W. Lopez
ABSTRACT We conducted a community-based study to analyze outcomes of and community responses to six large-scale immigration worksite raids by conducting semi-structured interviews with individuals who responded to these raids. Participants (n = 77) represented four primary sectors: faith, advocacy, education, and law. Analyses show that large-scale immigration worksite raids frequently prompt family reorganization and generally impact men and women differently, as men are predominantly detained while women and children are generally left behind. Findings indicate a need for these raids to be eliminated completely, although they also reinforce the importance of implementing damage-mitigation strategies such as trauma-informed social services, legal guardianship clinics to facilitate guardianship paperwork, and policy changes to address family separation.
摘要:我们进行了一项基于社区的研究,通过对六次大规模移民工地突击搜查的响应者进行半结构化访谈,分析了这些突击搜查的结果和社区反应。参与者(n=77)代表四个主要部门:信仰、宣传、教育和法律。分析表明,大规模的移民工地突袭经常促使家庭重组,对男性和女性的影响通常不同,因为男性主要被拘留,而女性和儿童通常被留下。调查结果表明,有必要彻底消除这些袭击,尽管它们也加强了实施损害缓解战略的重要性,如创伤知情社会服务、促进监护文书工作的法律监护诊所,以及解决家庭分离问题的政策变化。
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引用次数: 2
Resident service coordinators as an underutilized resource in the design and development of affordable housing 驻地事务协调员是设计和发展经济适用住房方面未充分利用的资源
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2067607
Dustin C. Read, J. Robert, G. Galford
ABSTRACT Drawing on 20 semi-structured interviews with industry professionals, this study considers whether barriers to collaboration prevent affordable housing developers in the U.S. from collaborating with resident service coordinators when making development decisions. Results suggest executives working in both fields perceive barriers to collaboration to exist, many of which stem from competing interests, financial concerns, and organizational cultures that do not appropriately emphasize the importance of cross-disciplinary cooperation. Recommendations for overcoming these barriers include ongoing communication, a willingness to compromise, and a shared commitment to improving the lives of people who make affordable housing their home.
摘要通过对行业专业人士的20次半结构化访谈,本研究考虑了合作障碍是否会阻碍美国经济适用房开发商在制定开发决策时与驻地服务协调员合作。研究结果表明,在这两个领域工作的高管都认为存在合作障碍,其中许多障碍源于相互竞争的利益、财务问题和组织文化,这些文化没有适当强调跨学科合作的重要性。克服这些障碍的建议包括持续沟通、妥协意愿以及共同致力于改善以经济适用房为家的人们的生活。
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引用次数: 2
Youth participation in policy-making processes in the United Kingdom: a scoping review of the literature 联合王国青年参与决策过程:对文献的范围审查
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2073308
T. Macauley, H. Rolker, M. Scherer, J. Brock, N. Savona, A. Helleve, C. Knai
ABSTRACT Young people’s voices remain underrepresented in health policy processes. This scoping review focuses on the United Kingdom (UK) and investigates how and to what degree young people have participated in policy-making processes. We adapt an established framework categorizing how young people are involved in policy-related processes, ranging from advisory roles to communicating findings. We report a spectrum of practical examples, highlighting opportunities for successful policymaking with youth, in relation to key factors, such as type of involvement, role of facilitators, and the integration of young people in different stages of the process.
摘要:在卫生政策过程中,年轻人的声音仍然不足。这项范围界定审查的重点是联合王国,调查年轻人如何以及在多大程度上参与决策过程。我们调整了一个既定的框架,对年轻人如何参与政策相关过程进行分类,从咨询角色到沟通结果。我们报告了一系列实际例子,强调了与关键因素有关的与青年成功决策的机会,如参与类型、促进者的作用以及青年人融入这一进程的不同阶段。
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引用次数: 12
Service-learning, rights to the city, and justice in community practitioner preparation 服务学习,城市权利,正义在社区从业者的准备
IF 1.1 Q2 Social Sciences Pub Date : 2022-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2022.2070315
Garret J. Zastoupil, Carolina S. Sarmiento
ABSTRACT Critical service-learning (CSL) is an important pedagogy for the preparation of community practitioners. In this article, two service-learning practitioners offer “Rights to the City” (RTTC) as a framework to guide what “social change” means in CSL and for undergraduate students preparing to work in community settings. The article outlines three central tenets of RTTC: the democratically reimagined city (DRC), inhabitance, and difference. It then analyzes three case studies from their own service-learning courses to demonstrate the tenets in practice. The article concludes with considerations for how RTTC can shape forms of community-driven partnerships that prioritize social justice outcomes as part of student learning and practitioner training toward radical community practice.
批判性服务学习(CSL)是培养社区实践者的一种重要教学法。在本文中,两位服务学习实践者提供了“城市权利”(RTTC)作为指导CSL中“社会变革”含义的框架,并为准备在社区环境中工作的本科生提供了指导。本文概述了RTTC的三个核心原则:民主重构城市(DRC)、居民和差异。然后分析了他们自己的服务学习课程中的三个案例研究,以展示实践中的原则。文章最后考虑了RTTC如何塑造社区驱动的伙伴关系形式,将社会正义成果作为学生学习和从业者培训的一部分,以实现激进的社区实践。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Journal of Community Practice
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