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No neighborhood left behind: building an ethos of community interconnections 没有一个社区掉队:建立社区互联精神
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1959840
A. Santiago, Richard J. Smith
We write this editorial as the world begins to reopen with the administration of 3.63 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines in more than 214 countries and territories around the globe. At the time of this writing, 1 billion or 12.9% of the world’s population have been fully vaccinated (Our World in Data, 2021). Although these are hopeful developments, we have not quite turned the corner on the pandemic as cases continue to climb. There are more than 191.1 million confirmed cases and 4.1 million deaths worldwide (Johns Hopkins Coronavirus Resource Center, 2021). The U.S. continues to lead all countries with total confirmed cases and deaths at 34.1 million and 609,000, respectively, but India and Brazil do not trail far behind. Further, countries around the world are bracing for a third, fourth or fifth wave of the pandemic with the spread of highly infectious COVID-19 variants. We also write as the United States nears the 6-month mark of the Biden administration and the country shows fleeting glimpses of recovery from the pandemic and the past four years of political turmoil. While there are signs that recovery may be on the horizon, the country is still reeling from the toll of the COVID-19 pandemic and the previous administration on the physical and mental well-being of the population as well as the economic health and vitality of the nation. Nonetheless the unevenness of the economic recovery is marked (CNN Business, n.d.). Despite gains in overall employment, the United States has 7.3 million fewer jobs now than the country had before the start of the pandemic (Congressional Research Services, 2021). The Department of Labor estimates more than 9.5 million U.S. workers lost their jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2021), leading to a record 14.8% unemployment rate in April 2020. Although the overall unemployment rate in June 2021 was markedly lower (5.9%), unemployment remains higher than the pre-COVID rate of 3.5% (Congressional Research Services, 2021). Unemployment continues to be higher among African American and Latino workers – 9.2% and 7.4%, respectively, underscoring the significantly slower jobs recovery experienced by minority workers (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2021). These rates are exacerbated by the anticipated permanent loss of approximately 3 million jobs in the leisure and hospitality as well as retail sectors of the economy where African American and Latino workers are disproportionately employed. The long-term unemployed – those who have been unemployed for six months or more – now total 4.0 million and are 2.9 million more than prior to the pandemic (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2021). JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PRACTICE 2021, VOL. 29, NO. 2, 91–98 https://doi.org/10.1080/10705422.2021.1959840
我们撰写这篇社论之际,世界开始重新开放,全球214多个国家和地区接种了36.3亿剂新冠肺炎疫苗。在撰写本文时,世界上有10亿人口,即12.9%的人口已经完全接种了疫苗(《我们的数据世界》,2021)。尽管这些都是有希望的事态发展,但随着病例继续攀升,我们还没有完全扭转疫情。全球确诊病例超过1.911亿例,死亡410万例(约翰斯·霍普金斯冠状病毒资源中心,2021)。美国的确诊病例和死亡病例总数分别为3410万例和60.9万例,继续领跑所有国家,但印度和巴西也紧随其后。此外,随着传染性极强的新冠肺炎变种的传播,世界各国正在为第三波、第四波或第五波疫情做好准备。我们还写这篇文章时,美国正接近拜登政府执政6个月的大关,该国从疫情和过去四年的政治动荡中短暂复苏。尽管有迹象表明复苏可能指日可待,但该国仍因新冠肺炎疫情造成的损失以及上届政府对民众身心健康以及国家经济健康和活力的影响而备受打击。尽管如此,经济复苏的不均衡性是显著的(CNN Business,n.d.)。尽管总体就业有所增加,但美国现在的就业岗位比疫情开始前减少了730万个(国会研究服务部,2021)。劳工部估计,超过950万美国工人在新冠肺炎大流行期间失去了工作(劳工统计局,2021年),导致2020年4月失业率达到创纪录的14.8%。尽管2021年6月的总体失业率明显较低(5.9%),但失业率仍高于新冠疫情前3.5%的失业率(国会研究服务,2021)。非裔美国人和拉丁裔工人的失业率继续上升,分别为9.2%和7.4%,突显出少数族裔工人的就业复苏明显放缓(劳工统计局,2021)。预计休闲和酒店业以及零售业将永久失去约300万个工作岗位,而非裔美国人和拉丁裔工人的就业比例过高,这加剧了这一比率。长期失业者——失业六个月或六个月以上的人——现在共有400万人,比疫情前多290万人(劳工统计局,2021)。《2021社区实践杂志》,第29卷,第2期,91-98https://doi.org/10.1080/10705422.2021.1959840
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引用次数: 1
The impact of U.S. refugee policy change & political rhetoric on nonprofit service providers’ emotional well-being 美国难民政策变化和政治言论对非营利服务提供者情感健康的影响
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1935377
Maria V. Wathen, P. L. Decker, C. Weishar
ABSTRACT This study examines how U.S. refugee policy changes from 2014 to 2018 affected the emotional well-being of nonprofit service providers. Participants identified the general political climate, including funding cuts; the Trump administration refugee bans; the unpredictable nature of policy change; and most impactful, negative political rhetoric, as affecting their emotional well-being. Negative effects on emotional well-being included an increase in stress, anger, sadness, despair, depression, helplessness, and caution. Negative rhetoric also impacted professional identities and personal relationships. Positive effects include greater motivation for advocacy. Impact on emotional well-being differed by level of organization at which the participant worked and by organizational characteristics.
摘要本研究考察了2014年至2018年美国难民政策的变化如何影响非营利服务提供商的情绪健康。与会者确定了总体政治气候,包括资金削减;特朗普政府的难民禁令;政策变化的不可预测性;以及影响他们情绪健康的最具影响力的负面政治言论。对情绪健康的负面影响包括压力、愤怒、悲伤、绝望、抑郁、无助和谨慎的增加。负面言论也影响了职业身份和个人关系。积极影响包括更大的宣传动机。对情绪幸福感的影响因参与者工作的组织级别和组织特征而异。
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引用次数: 1
Making the invisible visible: documenting slow violence through photovoice with youth in Nevada 让看不见的东西变得可见:通过内华达州年轻人的摄影声音记录缓慢的暴力
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1938327
Jennifer Willett, A. Tamayo, Alexi Rayo
ABSTRACT Conditions for slow violence, a type of environmental injustice that is hidden and occurs over time, are rife in Nevada. Research can be used to make these hidden problems visible in order to solve them, which this study aims to do through photovoice with youth in Nevada. The youth found that slow violence was common in their neighborhoods, slow violence impacted vulnerable people in their neighborhoods more than others, and accumulated due to inequitable services/infrastructure. Their solutions focused on how the community could band together, along the lines of People as Infrastructure theory.
摘要缓慢暴力是一种隐藏的环境不公,随着时间的推移而发生,在内华达州普遍存在。这项研究旨在通过对内华达州年轻人的摄影语音来解决这些隐藏的问题。这些年轻人发现,缓慢的暴力行为在他们的社区很常见,慢暴力对社区弱势群体的影响比其他人更大,而且是由于不公平的服务/基础设施而积累起来的。他们的解决方案集中在社区如何按照“人即基础设施”理论团结在一起。
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引用次数: 2
Shared spaces: scoping review of community resource persons providing informal parenting support to families with a migration background 共享空间:对为有移民背景的家庭提供非正式育儿支持的社区资源人员的范围审查
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1932002
Sofie Vindevogel, Fien Van Wolvelaer
ABSTRACT Little is known about the informal parenting support provided by Community Resource Persons (CRPs) in their communities. This scoping review seeks to improve conceptual clarity on CRPs and to inform research, policy and practice developments related to community-based parenting support. Based on thematic analysis of 14 eligible publications from the period between 2015 and 2019, this review demonstrates the unique position of CRPs in providing parenting support in their communities as well as in linking established support services and families’ support needs. It also highlights the need to move from a systems-based to a community-based approach in supporting migrant families and communities.
社区资源人员(CRPs)在其社区中提供的非正式育儿支持知之甚少。这一范围审查旨在提高社区养育方案概念的清晰度,并为与社区养育支助有关的研究、政策和实践发展提供信息。基于对2015年至2019年期间14份符合条件的出版物的专题分析,本综述展示了crp在其社区提供育儿支持以及将现有支持服务与家庭支持需求联系起来方面的独特地位。报告还强调,在支持移徙家庭和社区方面,需要从基于系统的方式转向基于社区的方式。
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引用次数: 2
From the archives: neighborhoods as the focus: the 1904 report of the Committee on Neighborhood Improvement 档案资料:以社区为焦点:1904年社区改善委员会的报告
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1931766
P. Stuart
ABSTRACT This “From the Archives” article provides the text of Jane Addams’ committee report on Neighborhood Improvement to the 1904 National Conference of Charities and Correction together with two excerpts from the discussion, by Lillian Wald and William E. Benson.
这篇“来自档案”的文章提供了简·亚当斯在1904年全国慈善与矫正会议上关于社区改善的委员会报告的文本,以及莉莲·沃尔德和威廉·e·本森讨论的两段摘录。
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引用次数: 2
The storming of Washington, DC: the city of love against the city of white supremacy 华盛顿特区的风暴:爱之城对抗白人至上之城
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1894866
Richard J. Smith, A. Santiago
On January 6, 2021, supporters of then-President Donald Trump attended a “Stop the Steal” rally hosted by the former President and his allies. They proceeded to march to the U.S. Capitol, with some illegally entering the building while the U.S. Congress was in session to certify the electoral college victory of President-elect Joe Biden (Swasey et al., 2021). This insurrection left 5 dead and over 140 officers injured (Wise, 2021). On the same day, Vice President Mike Pence said:
2021年1月6日,美国前总统唐纳德·特朗普的支持者参加了由特朗普及其盟友主办的“停止偷窃”集会。他们继续向美国国会大厦游行,一些人非法进入国会大厦,当时美国国会正在开会,以证明当选总统乔·拜登(Joe Biden)的选举人团胜利(Swasey et al., 2021)。这次暴动造成5人死亡,140多名军官受伤(Wise, 2021)。同一天,副总统迈克·彭斯表示:
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引用次数: 3
Internationalization of environmental education for global citizenship 全球公民环境教育的国际化
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1879983
B. Mcbeath, Qing Tian, Chen Wang, Bin Xu
ABSTRACT We present a teaching-and-learning case study of a 2018–2019 university-based summer institute in Beijing, China that concerned environmental education in support of global citizenship, involving Chinese and international faculty from education, social work, and related disciplines. The case study identifies: (1) the context of the summer institute; (2) its goals, design, and basic content; and (3) lessons learned for social work education. Specific attention is paid to: the importance of connecting university-based ecosocial work education with community-based practice in a Chinese context; addressing global social and environmental justice concerns through rural collaborative problem-solving; and navigating disciplinary boundaries involving social work education and other disciplines and professions.
本文以2018-2019年中国北京一所大学暑期学院为例,对来自教育、社会工作和相关学科的中国和国际教师进行了教学和学习案例研究。案例研究确定:(1)暑期学院的背景;(二)目标、设计和基本内容;(3)社会工作教育的经验教训。特别关注:在中国背景下,将大学生态社会工作教育与社区实践相结合的重要性;通过农村协作解决问题,解决全球社会和环境正义问题;在涉及社会工作教育和其他学科和专业的学科界限中导航。
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引用次数: 1
Developing the next generation of social work activists: Support for eliminating the micro–macro divide 培养下一代社会工作积极分子:支持消除微观-宏观鸿沟
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1881856
Dawn Apgar
ABSTRACT Social action is an ethical mandate, but the literature suggests that social work’s engagement in activities that remedy systemic social injustices have been inadequate. This study examined the social action of Master of Social Work graduates. Social workers who concentrated on macro practice felt more confident in nine competencies found to be common to this method. Enhanced social action was reported by macro social workers. Seven macro practice competencies were related to increased social action frequency. Educators must strive for a more inclusive curricular approach, regardless of concentration, to ensure that all graduates have the requisite skills for social change.
摘要社会行动是一项伦理任务,但文献表明,社会工作参与补救系统性社会不公正的活动是不够的。本研究考察了社会工作硕士毕业生的社会行为。专注于宏观实践的社会工作者对这种方法常见的九种能力更有信心。宏观社会工作者报告说,社会行动得到加强。七项宏观实践能力与社会行动频率的增加有关。教育工作者必须努力采用更具包容性的课程方法,无论注意力如何,以确保所有毕业生都具备社会变革所需的技能。
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引用次数: 5
Entrepreneurship as a community practice strategy: lessons from Detroit 创业作为社区实践策略:来自底特律的经验教训
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1881935
John Doering-White, Jihmmy Sanchez, Hannah Creasey
ABSTRACT This article examines entrepreneurship as a community practice strategy, drawing on interviews with 35 participants in a small business training program and six program staff members. Interviewees characterized entrepreneurship as an escape from the constraints of wage labor and as a way to participate actively in Detroit’s much publicized, yet inequitable revitalization. They also described entrepreneurship as risky and unnerving , especially in regards to taking on loans offered by the program. These findings illuminate opportunities and challenges associated with entrepreneurship as a strategy for promoting financial justice and community economic development.
本文通过对35名小型企业培训项目参与者和6名项目工作人员的访谈,将创业作为一种社区实践策略进行了研究。受访者认为,创业是摆脱雇佣劳动束缚的一种方式,是积极参与底特律广为人知但不公平的复兴的一种方式。他们还将创业描述为有风险和令人不安的,特别是在接受该计划提供的贷款方面。这些发现阐明了创业作为促进金融公正和社区经济发展的战略所带来的机遇和挑战。
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引用次数: 1
“We’re going to show up:” examining the work of a white antiracist organization “我们会出现的”检视一个白人反种族主义组织的工作
IF 1.1 Q2 SOCIAL WORK Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10705422.2021.1881936
Josal R. Diebold
ABSTRACT In responding to the calls of generations of leaders of color, white antiracists have committed to accountably organizing their own communities to dismantle white supremacy. Yet, there has been a dearth of research on white antiracist community organizing, specifically. Thus, this study, based on principles of community-based participatory research, sought to investigate the work of a white antiracist organization over the course of a year, using focus groups, open-ended surveys, and meeting notes. The data were qualitatively analyzed, resulting in 4 categories that describe the organization’s efforts, accomplishments, and growing edges. Limitations and implications are discussed.
摘要为了响应几代有色人种领袖的号召,白人反种族主义者致力于负责任地组织自己的社区,废除白人至上主义。然而,特别是对白人反种族主义社区组织的研究却很少。因此,这项研究基于社区参与性研究的原则,试图利用焦点小组、开放式调查和会议记录,调查一个白人反种族主义组织在一年中的工作。对数据进行了定性分析,得出了4个类别,描述了组织的努力、成就和成长优势。讨论了限制和影响。
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引用次数: 2
期刊
Journal of Community Practice
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