Abstract This article examines Friedrich Ristenpart's role in popularizing scientific knowledge as director of the National Astronomical Observatory in Santiago, Chile, from 1909 to 1911. Our analysis centers on four scientific texts that he published with the aim of reaching a wider reading public; we also draw on press releases and administrative documents, among other sources. We posit that Ristenpart's role in popularizing scientific knowledge was closely aligned with Chilean president Pedro Montt's political agenda to modernize the nation by establishing new scientific institutions, restoring old ones, and using the 1910 centennial of Chilean independence to showcase these institutional advances. This essay also explores why Ristenpart's communicative strategy, which was dependent on the incumbent government's power, made it difficult for him to cultivate local buy-in and ultimately realize his goal of popularizing scientific knowledge.
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Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.1215/00182168-10942793
Andrew Nickson
Abstract This article challenges the fourth ally thesis, which argues that Great Britain was a crucial actor underpinning the combined forces of Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay that defeated Paraguay in the 1864–70 War of the Triple Alliance. To date, the debate has focused on British involvement in the genesis and financing of the allied war effort. This article instead focuses on the postwar behavior of the British government, exploring its attitude to the 892 mainly English colonists of the failed 1872–73 Lincolnshire farmers emigration scheme to Paraguay. The British government's open hostility to the scheme and its lack of concern for the plight of the colonists offer new evidence suggesting that the War of the Triple Alliance was of little interest to British imperialism in general and to settler colonialism in particular.
{"title":"Great Britain and the War of the Triple Alliance: The Lincolnshire Farmers Colonization Scheme to Paraguay and the Fourth Ally Thesis","authors":"Andrew Nickson","doi":"10.1215/00182168-10942793","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00182168-10942793","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article challenges the fourth ally thesis, which argues that Great Britain was a crucial actor underpinning the combined forces of Argentina, Brazil, and Uruguay that defeated Paraguay in the 1864–70 War of the Triple Alliance. To date, the debate has focused on British involvement in the genesis and financing of the allied war effort. This article instead focuses on the postwar behavior of the British government, exploring its attitude to the 892 mainly English colonists of the failed 1872–73 Lincolnshire farmers emigration scheme to Paraguay. The British government's open hostility to the scheme and its lack of concern for the plight of the colonists offer new evidence suggesting that the War of the Triple Alliance was of little interest to British imperialism in general and to settler colonialism in particular.","PeriodicalId":46440,"journal":{"name":"Hahr-Hispanic American Historical Review","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135352467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-06DOI: 10.1215/00182168-10942777
Alejandro Quintero Mächler
Abstract The article offers a contextualized introduction to one of the most interesting and understudied Spanish American responses to mid-nineteenth-century anticlericalism: Manuel Ramírez Aparicio's Los conventos suprimidos en México (1861–62), a unique assessment of the Reforma's aftermath and a pioneering historiographical effort eluding any facile categorization. Penned by a moderate Liberal who did not endorse the obliteration of the Catholic legacy, it inaugurated the conventual history genre in Mexico, the first of many textual and visual efforts to preserve the receding religious memory in print. The article highlights the first-person autopsy regime that determined the work's methodology, uncovers the assumptions that underlay Ramírez Aparicio's conception of inevitable historical change, and showcases how the notion of national material patrimony, paired with the idea of a Christianized Reforma, aimed at guaranteeing the permanence of all that was noble, admirable, and beneficial in conventual life while reconciling it with the Liberal Party's main tenets.
摘要本文以背景为背景，介绍了西班牙裔美国人对19世纪中期反教权主义的最有趣、也最未被充分研究的回应之一:曼努埃尔Ramírez阿帕西奥(Manuel Aparicio)的《女修道院》(Los conventos suprimidos en m西科)(1861-62)，这是对改革后果的独特评估，也是一项开创性的历史编纂工作，避免了任何简单的分类。这本书的作者是一位温和的自由党人，他不赞成抹杀天主教遗产，它开创了墨西哥的修道院历史流派，这是许多以文字和视觉方式保存逐渐消退的宗教记忆的努力中的第一次。这篇文章强调了决定作品方法论的第一视角解剖制度，揭示了Ramírez阿帕里西奥不可避免的历史变化概念背后的假设，并展示了国家物质遗产的概念如何与基督教化改革的想法相结合，旨在保证所有高贵、令人钦佩和有益的东西在修道院生活中的持久性，同时与自由党的主要原则相协调。
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