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Contributing to an Evidence-Based Practice in Canadian School Psychology 为加拿大学校心理学的循证实践做出贡献
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-12-03 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520977398
S. Shaw
The Canadian Journal of School Psychology has established itself as one of the leading scholarly journals in the profession of school psychology. In addition to promoting a Canada-wide version of professional school psychology, CJSP will continue to be an international leader for innovation and contributions to creating an evidence-based profession. CJSP will continue to publish the highest quality research and scholarship that contributes to the practice of school psychology, supports professionals working in schools and clinics, and presents new approaches to support the mental health, learning, and development of children and adolescents. The accomplishments and contents from 2020 are reviewed and a roadmap is described for the future of CJSP.
《加拿大学校心理学杂志》已成为学校心理学领域的领先学术期刊之一。除了推广加拿大范围内的专业学校心理学,CJSP将继续成为创新的国际领导者,并为创建循证职业做出贡献。CJSP将继续发表有助于学校心理学实践的最高质量研究和奖学金,支持在学校和诊所工作的专业人员,并提出支持儿童和青少年心理健康、学习和发展的新方法。回顾了2020年的成就和内容,并描述了CJSP的未来路线图。
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引用次数: 1
The Efficacy of Comprehensive School Health Course in Changing Pre-Service Teachers’ Attitudes and Reactions Toward Weight-Related Teasing 学校健康综合课程改变职前教师对体重相关取笑的态度和反应的效果
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-11-27 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520974916
Jessica F. Saunders, Sarah Nutter, Isabel Brun, D. Exner‐Cortens, S. Russell-Mayhew
Teachers view overt expressions of weight stigma, such as weight-related teasing, as troublesome but are often ill-prepared to address instances of weight-related teasing when they arise in the classroom. Comprehensive school health is an emerging framework that aims to better prepare teachers to address issues of health and wellness in the classroom, including weight-related teasing. We examined the efficacy of a university course in comprehensive school health in changing pre-service teachers’ attitudes and perceptions of weight-related teasing. Pre-service teachers read a vignette and responded to 10 items about the vignette at both the beginning and end of the semester-long course. Items relating to pre-service teachers’ perception of, responsibility and obligation to address the weight-related teasing event showed significant, positive change from the beginning to end of the semester. These results suggest that exposure to developmentally sound methods of delivering health-related content can support adaptive educator reactions to weight-related teasing.
教师们认为,公开表达体重污名,如与体重有关的调侃,很麻烦,但当课堂上出现与体重相关的调侃时,他们往往准备不足。全面的学校健康是一个新兴的框架,旨在让教师更好地准备在课堂上解决健康和身心健康问题,包括与体重相关的调侃。我们研究了大学综合学校健康课程在改变职前教师对体重相关调侃的态度和看法方面的效果。在整个学期的课程开始和结束时,职前教师阅读了一个小插曲,并回答了关于小插曲的10个项目。从学期初到学期末,与职前教师对处理与体重相关的戏弄事件的看法、责任和义务有关的项目显示出显著的积极变化。这些结果表明,接触提供健康相关内容的发展健全的方法可以支持教育者对与体重相关的调侃做出适应性反应。
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引用次数: 3
Reducing Low-Value Practices a Functional-Contextual Consideration to Aid in De-Implementation Efforts 减少低价值做法——协助取消执行工作的功能性背景考虑
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-11-26 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520974915
Ryan L. Farmer, I. Zaheer, Gary J. Duhon, S. Ghazal
Through innovation in research and self-correction, it is inevitable that some practices will be replaced or be discredited for one reason or another. De-implementation of discredited and low-value practices is a necessary step for school psychologists’ maintenance of evidence-based practices and to reduce unnecessary costs and risk. However, efforts to clarify de-implementation frameworks and strategies are ongoing. The scope of this paper follows McKay et al. in considering the potential for de-implementation strategies to be informed by applied behavior analysis and operant learning theory. We conceptualize low-value practice as sets of behaviors evoked by their context and maintained by their consequences, and thus de-implementation as behavior reduction. We discuss the need for future research given this perspective.
通过研究的创新和自我纠正,不可避免地会有一些做法因为这样或那样的原因被取代或失去信誉。不可信和低价值的实践是学校心理学家维持循证实践,减少不必要的成本和风险的必要步骤。然而,澄清非执行框架和战略的努力仍在进行中。本文的范围遵循McKay等人的观点,考虑应用行为分析和操作性学习理论为去实施策略提供信息的可能性。我们将低价值实践概念化为由其上下文引起并由其后果维持的一系列行为,从而将去实现视为行为减少。我们从这一角度讨论了未来研究的必要性。
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引用次数: 7
Teacher-Student Relationships and High School Drop-out: Applying a Working Alliance Framework 师生关系与高中辍学:工作联盟框架的应用
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-11-23 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520972558
Rick Noble, N. Heath, Amanda Krause, Maria A. Rogers
Relationships with teachers are a central component of a student’s school environment, and have been shown to be related to school engagement and persistence in secondary school. Working alliance is a conceptualization of professional relationships that emphasizes not only the emotional bond between a professional and their client, but also their collaboration on the goals and tasks of their work together. While this theory has garnered considerable support in the fields of counseling and healthcare, working alliance has only recently begun to be investigated in an education setting. The present study sought to investigate working alliance between students and teachers as a broader framework for relationships in a high school setting. Specifically, the primary objective was to examine the use of the working alliance framework in teacher-student relationships to predict risk of high school student drop-out. A series of multiple regressions was used to test this objective. Results demonstrated that student-rated school working alliance predicted risk of drop-out, and that the relationship was partially mediated by student engagement. These results provide evidence for the validity of the construct of working alliance as a useful conceptualization for teacher-student relationships, and enhance our understanding of working alliance in a secondary school setting. Implications for educators and practitioners are discussed.
与教师的关系是学生学校环境的核心组成部分,已被证明与学校的参与度和中学的坚持性有关。工作联盟是职业关系的概念化,它不仅强调专业人员和客户之间的情感纽带,还强调他们在共同工作的目标和任务上的合作。虽然这一理论在咨询和医疗保健领域获得了相当大的支持,但工作联盟最近才开始在教育环境中进行调查。本研究试图调查学生和教师之间的工作联盟,作为高中环境中更广泛的关系框架。具体而言,主要目的是研究在师生关系中使用工作联盟框架来预测高中生辍学的风险。一系列的多元回归被用来检验这个目标。结果表明,学生评分的学校工作联盟预测了辍学的风险,并且这种关系在一定程度上是由学生参与度介导的。这些结果为工作联盟结构作为师生关系的有用概念的有效性提供了证据,并增强了我们对中学环境中工作联盟的理解。讨论了对教育工作者和从业者的影响。
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引用次数: 6
Rumination as a Moderating Effect Between Math Computation and Executive Function Skills in Elementary Students 反刍在小学生数学计算与执行功能技能之间的调节作用
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-11-23 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520973087
Melissa Kang, A. Bédard, R. Martinussen
Although students with stronger executive functions (EFs) tend to do better on math computation (MC) assessments than students with weaker EFs, stressful testing situations may lower or affect their mathematical ability. Rumination is one maladaptive coping strategy that can negatively affect EF processes, but little is known about how it impacts the relationship between EFs and MC. This study aimed to examine the relationship between students’ performance on a standardized MC task and ratings of EF ability as a function of their level of rumination. In a sample of students from Grades 4 to 6 (n = 72, mean age = 10.74), there was an interaction between EF scores and rumination in predicting MC. Students with weaker EF scores demonstrated worse math performance than students with stronger EF scores. Interestingly, their level of rumination moderated this association. Specifically, EF difficulties were only associated with less proficient MC performance among high ruminators; this association was not observed among those students reporting low rumination levels. For school psychologists, these findings provide insight into the potential causes of poor MC performance among students with average or better EFs.
虽然执行功能较强的学生比执行功能较弱的学生在数学计算方面表现更好,但压力测试情境可能会降低或影响他们的数学能力。反刍是一种适应不良的应对策略,可以对EF过程产生负面影响,但它如何影响EF与MC之间的关系却知之甚少。本研究旨在研究学生在标准化MC任务中的表现与EF能力评分之间的关系,并将其作为反刍水平的函数。在4 - 6年级的学生样本中(n = 72,平均年龄= 10.74),EF分数和反刍在预测MC方面存在交互作用。EF分数较低的学生比EF分数较高的学生表现出更差的数学表现。有趣的是,他们的反刍水平缓和了这种联系。具体而言,在高反刍者中,EF困难仅与较不熟练的MC表现相关;这种关联在那些报告低反刍水平的学生中没有观察到。对于学校心理学家来说,这些发现让我们深入了解了情感表现一般或较好的学生的情感表现不佳的潜在原因。
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引用次数: 0
De-Implementing Inappropriate Accommodations Practices 取消实施不适当的住宿做法
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-11-22 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520972556
Benjamin J. Lovett, Allyson G. Harrison
Educational accommodations, which alter the manner in which instruction or assessments are administered, are often an appropriate part of a student’s academic program. However, accommodations are frequently overused and have significant limitations. De-implementing inappropriate accommodations is a complex task, but one made easier through a clear understanding of the factors that cause and maintain those accommodations practices. In the present paper, we use the logic of functional behavioral assessment to better understand why evaluators and school staff recommend and provide inappropriate accommodations. We identify problematic background beliefs, specific antecedents, and reinforcing consequences for inappropriate accommodations, before describing several effective strategies for de-implementing those accommodations.
教育住宿改变了教学或评估的管理方式,通常是学生学术课程的适当组成部分。然而,住宿经常被过度使用,并且有很大的局限性。消除不适当的调整是一项复杂的任务,但通过清楚地了解导致和维护这些调整实践的因素,可以使这项任务变得更容易。在本文中,我们使用功能行为评估的逻辑来更好地理解为什么评估者和学校工作人员推荐和提供不适当的住宿。在描述取消这些住宿的几个有效策略之前,我们确定了有问题的背景信念、具体的前因由和不适当住宿的强化后果。
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引用次数: 8
Why Questionable Assessment Practices Remain Popular in School Psychology: Instructional Materials as Pedagogic Vehicles 为什么有问题的评估实践在学校心理学中仍然流行:教学材料作为教学工具
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-11-20 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520978111
Ryan L. Farmer, Ryan J. McGill, Stefan C. Dombrowski, Gary L. Canivez
Surveys reveal that many school psychologists continue to employ cognitive profile analysis despite the long-standing history of negative research results from this class of practice. This begets the question: why do questionable assessment practices persist in school psychology? To provide insight on this dilemma, this article presents the results of a content analyses of available interpretive resources in the clinical assessment literature that may shed insight on this issue. Although previous reviews have evaluated the content of individual assessment courses, this is the first systematic review of pedagogical resources frequently adopted in reading lists by course instructors. The interpretive guidance offered across tests within these texts was largely homogenous emphasizing the primary interpretation of subscale scores, de-emphasizing interpretation of global composites (i.e., FSIQ), and advocating for the use of some variant of profile analysis to interpret scores and score profiles. Implications for advancing evidence-based assessment in school psychology training and guarding against unwarranted unsupported claims in clinical assessment is discussed.
调查显示,许多学校心理学家继续使用认知侧面分析,尽管这类实践的负面研究结果由来已久。这就产生了一个问题:为什么有问题的评估实践在学校心理学中持续存在?为了深入了解这一困境,本文介绍了临床评估文献中可用的解释性资源的内容分析结果,这些内容分析可能会对这一问题产生深入的了解。虽然以前的评论评估了个别评估课程的内容,但这是第一次系统地评估课程教师在阅读清单中经常采用的教学资源。这些文本中提供的跨测试的解释性指导在很大程度上是同质的,强调对子量表分数的主要解释,不强调对整体复合材料(即FSIQ)的解释,并提倡使用一些变体的概况分析来解释分数和分数概况。讨论了在学校心理培训中推进循证评估的意义,以及在临床评估中防范无根据的无根据的主张。
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引用次数: 10
Effects of Visual Activity Schedule on Decreasing Transition Latency 视觉活动计划对降低转换延迟的影响
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-10-14 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520964354
Rachel B. Pence, R. A. Allday, Amy D Spriggs, Justin D. Lane
A visual activity schedule (VAS) was used with a 7-year-old African-American (Non-Hispanic) male at-risk for school failure. An ABAB withdrawal design was used to assess the effectiveness of a VAS on decreasing latency during transitions. Results indicated that a VAS decreased transition latency between activities and reduced teacher prompting associated with the transitions. Limitations of this study and implications for practitioners and researchers are provided.
视觉活动计划表(VAS)用于一名有学业失败风险的7岁非裔美国人(非西班牙裔)男性。ABAB戒断设计用于评估VAS在减少过渡期潜伏期方面的有效性。结果表明,VAS降低了活动之间的转换延迟,并减少了与转换相关的教师提示。提供了这项研究的局限性以及对从业者和研究人员的启示。
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引用次数: 0
Peer Pressure and SNS Addiction in Adolescents: The Mediating Role of SNS-Use Motives 同伴压力与青少年社交网络成瘾:社交网络使用动机的中介作用
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-10-09 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520963277
Seon-Jeong Kim, Young-Jin Lim
The present research was carried out to clarify relationships between peer pressure, social networking site (SNS) addiction, and SNS-use motives in Korean adolescents. Adolescent SNS users (N = 300, 52.70% female) completed self-report measures of peer pressure, SNS addiction, and SNS-use motives. Findings indicated that adolescents reporting more peer pressure had higher levels of SNS addiction. Moreover, the relationship between peer pressure and SNS addiction was mediated by coping and social-conformity use motives. Results are discussed in terms of implications for prevention and intervention, for adolescents facing peer pressure.
本研究旨在阐明韩国青少年的同伴压力、社交网站成瘾和社交网络使用动机之间的关系。青少年社交网络用户(N = 300,52.70%的女性)完成了同伴压力、社交网络成瘾和社交网络使用动机的自我报告测量。研究结果表明,报告同伴压力越大的青少年社交网络成瘾程度越高。此外,同伴压力与社交网络成瘾之间的关系是由应对动机和社会一致性使用动机介导的。讨论了结果对面临同伴压力的青少年的预防和干预的影响。
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引用次数: 10
ADHD in Adolescents: Commentary on the Special Issue of Ripple Effects in Self-Perceptions and Social Relationships 青少年多动症:自我认知和社会关系中的涟漪效应特刊述评
IF 2.2 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2020-09-07 DOI: 10.1177/0829573520954584
S. Becker
Adolescence is a developmental period that affords both risk as well as enormous opportunity. Ripple effects can extend far and wide and speak to the nuance and complexity in understanding and treating ADHD during the adolescent period. The studies in this special issue provide novel and important insights into the lives of adolescents with ADHD, and they collectively point to important areas for both research and clinical attention. Further, each of the studies underscore the importance of soliciting the perspective of adolescents with ADHD. In this commentary, I consider the value of self-report when working with adolescents with ADHD, the possibility of a self-perception bias in youth with ADHD, challenges in assessing social functioning in adolescence, and implications for school-based assessments and interventions. For treatment specifically, I raise the possibility of a modular intervention approach for adolescents with ADHD and shared decision making that solicits and incorporates the adolescent perspective. The voices of adolescents with ADHD may be crucial for understanding how to lower risk, promote resilience, reduce stigma, and improve our assessments and interventions.
青春期是一个既有风险又有巨大机会的发展期。涟漪效应可以延伸到很远很远的地方,反映了青少年时期理解和治疗多动症的细微差别和复杂性。本期特刊中的研究为患有多动症的青少年的生活提供了新颖而重要的见解,它们共同指出了研究和临床关注的重要领域。此外,每一项研究都强调了征求患有多动症的青少年观点的重要性。在这篇评论中,我考虑了在与患有多动症的青少年合作时自我报告的价值,患有多动症青少年存在自我感知偏见的可能性,评估青春期社会功能的挑战,以及对学校评估和干预的影响。特别是在治疗方面,我提出了对患有多动症的青少年采用模块化干预方法的可能性,并提出了征求和纳入青少年观点的共同决策。患有多动症的青少年的声音可能对于理解如何降低风险、提高韧性、减少污名以及改进我们的评估和干预措施至关重要。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Canadian Journal of School Psychology
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