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Shifting Teacher Evaluation Systems to Community Answerability Systems: (Re)Imagining How We Assess Black Women Teachers 将教师评估系统转变为社区可回答系统:(重新)想象我们如何评估黑人女教师
IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2022.1997523
Shanyce L. Campbell
Abstract Using a chronicle, this paper examines teacher evaluation systems to highlight how neoliberal reforms produce unjust conditions for both teachers and students of color. I specifically center Black women and their ways of knowing to provide a (re)imagining around what is possible when educational leaders move beyond reforms to create a system that holds teachers answerable to students and is rooted in love.
摘要:本文通过编年史来考察教师评价体系,以突出新自由主义改革如何为有色人种的教师和学生创造不公平的条件。我特别以黑人女性和她们的认知方式为中心,提供了一种(重新)想象,当教育领导者超越改革,创造一个让教师对学生负责、植根于爱的体系时,可能会发生什么。
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引用次数: 0
Suspended While Black in Majority White Schools: Implications for Math Efficacy and Equity 黑人在白人占多数的学校被停课:对数学效率和公平的影响
IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2022.1997312
Odis Johnson, Jason Jabbari
Abstract This article explores whether racial disparities in mathematics arise in majority White schools for students who receive in-school suspensions (ISS). Using data from the High School Longitudinal Survey and machine learning generated propensity scores to estimate average treatment effects, we find Black suspended students in schools with low White enrollment have math test scores and efficacy beliefs no different than non-suspended Black students, but experience declines in their math scores as the percentage of White enrollment increases.
摘要:本文探讨了在大多数白人学校中,接受校内停学(ISS)的学生在数学方面是否存在种族差异。使用来自高中纵向调查的数据和机器学习生成的倾向分数来估计平均治疗效果,我们发现白人入学率低的学校的黑人停学学生的数学考试成绩和有效性信念与未停学的黑人学生没有什么不同,但随着白人入学率的增加,他们的数学成绩下降。
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引用次数: 1
Classroom Composition Policy for Elementary Students Labeled English Learner: The Best of Intentions Gone Awry and Rectification 英语学习者小学生课堂作文政策:善意的偏离与纠正
IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-22 DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2022.1997522
Peggy Estrada
Abstract I describe how a policy aimed at increasing achievement among students labeled EL initially went awry—and how a researcher-district partnership persevered to rectify it. The policy, which called for 100% EL classrooms, produced unintended consequences. Critical discussion of empirical evidence and district-solicited input from multiple constituencies brought to light sociocultural, sociopolitical, and socioeconomic factors. This shift enabled policymakers to rectify the policy, allowing integration of ELs with non-EL peers.
我描述了一项旨在提高EL学生成绩的政策最初是如何出错的,以及研究人员与地区的合作是如何坚持不懈地纠正这一错误的。这项政策要求100%的英语教室,却产生了意想不到的后果。对经验证据的批判性讨论和来自多个选区的地区征求意见,揭示了社会文化,社会政治和社会经济因素。这种转变使政策制定者能够纠正政策,允许el与非el同行整合。
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引用次数: 0
The Predicaments of Addressing Equity without Attending to Race and Racism 解决平等而不关注种族和种族主义的困境
IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2022.1997524
Michael O'neill
Abstract This paper provides an analysis of one state’s Response to Intervention (RTI) model, bringing to light two predicaments that plague efforts to address disproportionality and support learning: 1) That RTI may continue to perpetuate disproportionality, both in the model’s tiers of support as well as in the placement of students in special education, and 2) That RTI relies on quality instruction but provides little leverage to intervene on that instruction.
本文分析了一个州的干预反应(RTI)模型,揭示了困扰解决歧化和支持学习努力的两个困境:1)在模型的支持层次和特殊教育学生的安置方面,RTI可能会继续使歧化现象长期存在;2)RTI依赖于高质量的教学,但对教学的干预作用很小。
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引用次数: 0
Reframing Restorative Justice in Education: Shifting Power to Heal and Transform School Communities 重塑教育中的恢复性正义:将权力转移到治愈和改造学校社区
IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-11-19 DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2022.1997510
April L. Mustian, Henry Cervantes, Robert Lee
Abstract Restorative Justice (RJ) is an educational “innovation” introduced into school communities as a counter approach to traditional punitive discipline practices. In this paper, we provide a critical examination of RJ in education by naming common pitfalls to RJ implementation in schools and providing four transformational cultural shifts schools might make to actualize an RJ model that challenges traditional notions of power, pays homage to culturally grounded traditions, and empowers youth to lead the way.
摘要恢复性司法(RJ)是一种引入学校社区的教育“创新”,是对传统惩罚性纪律做法的一种反制方法。在这篇论文中,我们通过列举学校实施RJ的常见陷阱,并提供学校可能进行的四种转型文化转变,来对教育中的RJ进行批判性的审视,以实现挑战传统权力观念、向文化传统致敬并赋予青年领导权的RJ模式。
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引用次数: 1
Exploring the Utility and Personal Relevance of Co-Produced Multiplicity Resources with Young People. 探索与年轻人共同制作的多元资源的实用性和个人相关性。
IF 1.7 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-07-27 eCollection Date: 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s40653-021-00377-7
Sarah Parry, Zarah Eve, Gemma Myers

Multiplicity, the experience of more than one self in the body, is an under-researched area of young people's mental health. The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of experts-by-experience within a community sample regarding two specific resources: a co-produced self-help guide about multiplicity for adolescents, and a set of guidelines for supporting someone who identifies as 'multiple'. 34 participants (Mage= 22.06, 2.26 SD; 15F, 1M, 18NBG) completed an online survey consisting of open-ended and Likert scale questions to assess the language, utility, transferability and therapeutic impact of the materials. Descriptive statistics and a Foucauldian-informed Narrative Analysis were employed to analyse responses, producing a summary of utility and two narrative chapters. The emergent chapters, 'Breaking the Stigma' and 'Recognising the Many', highlight the need for greater understanding and awareness of multiplicity, with psychoeducation materials viewed as helpful. Inclusive language can reduce stigma and normalise multiplicity as a response to trauma. With greater understanding, practitioners and researchers can collaborate with young people through trauma wise care, providing multiplicity sensitive language and support. Overall, the term 'parts' was viewed as problematic by the participants as it could imply the plural system is not coexisting as a whole. Additionally, opinions varied as to how much diagnostic language could and should be used to describe multiplicity; linguistically and conceptually. Importantly, compassion was seen as particularly essential for younger selves within the system; older in their years and presence, but often more vulnerable within the societies in which the system resides.

多重性,即在身体中存在多个自我的体验,是青少年心理健康研究不足的一个领域。本研究的目的是在社区样本中探讨经验专家对两种特定资源的看法:一份共同制作的青少年多重性自助指南,以及一套支持 "多重性 "认同者的指南。34 名参与者(年龄= 22.06,2.26 SD;15 名女性,1 名男性,18 名黑人)完成了一项在线调查,其中包括开放式问题和李克特量表问题,以评估材料的语言、实用性、可转移性和治疗效果。调查采用了描述性统计和福柯尔德式叙事分析法对回答进行分析,得出了实用性总结和两个叙事章节。新出现的章节 "打破成见 "和 "认识许多人 "强调了对多重性有更多了解和认识的必要性,并认为心理教育材料很有帮助。包容性的语言可以减少耻辱感,并将多重性作为对创伤的一种反应正常化。有了更多的了解,从业人员和研究人员可以通过创伤明智护理与年轻人合作,提供对多重性敏感的语言和支持。总体而言,与会者认为 "部分 "一词有问题,因为它可能意味着多元系统并非作为一个整体共存。此外,对于在语言上和概念上可以和应该在多大程度上使用诊断性语言来描述多重性,与会者的意见也不尽相同。重要的是,同情被认为对多元系统中的年轻自我尤为重要;他们的年龄和存在感都更老,但在多元系统所在的社会中往往更容易受到伤害。
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引用次数: 0
Three Decades of Culturally Relevant, Responsive, & Sustaining Pedagogy: What Lies Ahead? 三十年的文化相关性、响应性和持续性教学法:未来是什么?
IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-07-21 DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2021.1957632
Gloria Ladson-Billings
Since 1988 I have been researching what I came to call, “Culturally Relevant Pedagogy” (CRP). This work, that examines the pedagogical expertise of those teachers who are successful with students who have traditionally struggled in US classrooms, has exploded across the country and around the world. The challenge has been to identify teaching practices that have remained faithful to CRP theory. Thus, teaching that focuses on advancing student learning, developing cultural competence, and fostering critical consciousness is the only practice that accurately represents what is meant by Culturally Relevant Pedagogy. This work was initiated by the national attention being paid to teaching in the mid-1980s. Shulman’s (1987) highly cited article, “Knowledge and teaching” provided a generic look at teaching that focused on content knowledge, pedagogical knowledge, and what Shulman identified as “pedagogical content knowledge.” However, little in Shulman’s work spoke to the specificity of culture and the pedagogical expertise of teachers who were experiencing success with those students who rarely experienced school success. This was the perceived need that Culturally Relevant Pedagogy addressed. To his credit, Shulman chaired the Spencer Fellows selection process that chose my initial proposal on culturally relevant pedagogy. Although the early work on Culturally Relevant Pedagogy described teaching in elementary classrooms, over time scholars began to see and document outstanding practice in secondary classrooms. Similarly, scholars expanded the work beyond literacy and social studies to include STEAM subject areas (See for example, work of Emdin, Kinloch, Milner, and San Pedro). The point of these applications was to document the usefulness of the work in multiple contexts. By 2012, Paris (2012) began discussing a new stance on Culturally Relevant Pedagogy he termed, “Culturally Sustaining Pedagogy.” This work saw Culturally Relevant Pedagogy as foundational to creating a pedagogy that explicitly embodied resistance to the status quo and encouraged marginalized communities to fight for their linguistic and cultural sovereignty. This work gained traction and resulted in a volume (Paris & Alim, 2017) that included African American, Latinx, Asian American, Indigenous approaches to culturally sustaining pedagogies. Another aspect of CRP that has emerged over the last decade is the salience of youth culture and its influence on students, teachers, curriculum, pedagogy and culture writ large. The influence of youth culture is evident in the work of scholars such as Christopher Emdin, Bettina Love, Marc Lamont Hill, and others. Emdin’s (2016) critically acclaimed book and hands-on work with the Science Genius program (see, https://hiphoped.com/science-genius/ provided an important framework for understanding the power of youth culture to transform teaching and learning. CRP has gained lots of attention and traction in schools and districts throughout the US.
自1988年以来,我一直在研究我所谓的“文化相关教育学”(CRP)。这项研究考察了那些老师的教学专业知识,这些老师成功地教授了那些在美国课堂上一直挣扎的学生,这项研究在全国乃至全世界都得到了广泛的反响。我们面临的挑战是如何找到忠实于CRP理论的教学实践。因此,专注于促进学生学习、发展文化能力和培养批判意识的教学是唯一能够准确代表文化相关教学法的实践。这项工作是在20世纪80年代中期国家对教学的关注下开始的。舒尔曼(Shulman, 1987)被广泛引用的文章《知识与教学》(Knowledge and teaching)为教学提供了一个通用的视角,重点关注内容知识、教学知识以及舒尔曼所定义的“教学内容知识”。然而,在舒尔曼的工作中,很少谈到文化的特殊性和教师的教学专业知识,这些教师在那些很少经历学校成功的学生身上取得了成功。这就是文化相关教学法所要解决的需要。值得赞扬的是,舒尔曼主持了斯宾塞研究员评选过程,该过程选择了我关于文化相关教学法的最初提案。虽然文化相关教学法的早期工作描述的是小学课堂教学,但随着时间的推移,学者们开始看到并记录中学课堂上的杰出实践。同样,学者们将工作扩展到识字和社会研究之外,以包括STEAM主题领域(例如,参见Emdin, Kinloch, Milner和San Pedro的工作)。这些应用程序的重点是记录工作在多种上下文中的有用性。到2012年,Paris(2012)开始讨论文化相关教育学的新立场,他称之为“文化维持教育学”。这项工作将文化相关教育学视为创造一种明确体现对现状的抵抗并鼓励边缘化社区为其语言和文化主权而战的教育学的基础。这项工作获得了关注,并出版了一本书(Paris & Alim, 2017年),其中包括非裔美国人、拉丁裔美国人、亚裔美国人、土著文化维持教学法的方法。CRP在过去十年中出现的另一个方面是青年文化的显著性及其对学生、教师、课程、教学法和文化的影响。青年文化的影响在诸如克里斯托弗·埃姆丁、贝蒂娜·洛夫、马克·拉蒙特·希尔等学者的著作中是显而易见的。埃姆丁(2016)广受好评的书和与科学天才计划(见https://hiphoped.com/science-genius/)的实践工作为理解青年文化改变教学和学习的力量提供了一个重要的框架。CRP在美国各地的学校和地区获得了大量的关注和牵引力。教师专业组织、州教育部门和个别学区已经认可或订阅了某种形式的文化响应教育。印第安纳州出版了《文化响应教学:循证实践指南》https://doi.org/10.1080/00131725.2021.1957632
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引用次数: 34
Culturally Relevant Teaching: A Pivot for Pedagogical Transformation and Racial Reckoning 文化相关教学:教育转型和种族清算的支点
IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2021.1957637
T. Howard
Abstract Gloria Ladson Billings dubbed culturally relevant teaching as an approach to teaching that positions instruction within a familiar cultural framework for diverse learners. This essay argues that culturally centered works require a fundamental pivot if they are to be embraced and enacted. They require (1) an anti-racism analysis; (2) complexification of culture; and (3) relational trust as a concept to build dynamic and culturally informed teacher students’ interactions.
Gloria Ladson Billings将文化相关教学称为一种将教学置于熟悉的文化框架内,面向不同学习者的教学方法。本文认为,以文化为中心的作品如果要被接受和制定,就需要一个基本的支点。它们需要(1)反种族主义分析;(2)文化的复杂化;(3)以关系信任为概念构建动态的、文化知情的师生互动。
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引用次数: 9
Preparing Teachers to Be Culturally Multidimensional: Designing and Implementing Teacher Preparation Programs for Pedagogical Relevance, Responsiveness, and Sustenance 使教师成为文化多维的:设计和实施教师培训计划,以实现教学相关性、响应性和持续性
IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2021.1957638
Dorinda J. Carter Andrews
Abstract In this article, I suggest four key principles that are foundational for guiding the design and implementation of teacher education programs that prepare teachers who are culturally multidimensional in their pedagogy and practice. These programs help teachers develop mindsets, methods, and practices for enacting decolonial purposes of education with a deep and critical intentionality to context, content, methods, and identity. In this way, teachers are culturally relevant, responsive, and sustaining.
在本文中,我提出了指导教师教育计划的设计和实施的四个关键原则,这些原则可以培养在教学和实践中具有文化多维度的教师。这些课程帮助教师培养心态、方法和实践,以实现教育的非殖民目的,并对背景、内容、方法和身份具有深刻和批判性的意向性。通过这种方式,教师在文化上具有相关性、响应性和持续性。
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引用次数: 4
On Science Genius and Cultural Agnosia: Reality Pedagogy and/as Hip-Hop Rooted Cultural Teaching in STEM Education 论科学天才与文化狂热:STEM教育中的现实教育学与嘻哈文化教学
IF 1.3 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2021-07-19 DOI: 10.1080/00131725.2021.1957636
Christopher Emdin, Edmund Adjapong, I. Levy
Abstract This paper offers a theoretical and practical approach to teaching and learning in STEM education. We uncover the deficits in existing STEM pedagogies while outlining a culturally relevant/responsive model that reveals the science genius of youth who are marginalized in contemporary STEM classrooms. Through an analysis of the concept cultural agnosia, we suggest hip-hop as treatment of the condition and an approach for a more culturally rich approach to instruction.
本文为STEM教育的教学提供了一种理论和实践的方法。我们发现了现有STEM教学法的缺陷,同时概述了一个与文化相关/反应灵敏的模型,揭示了在当代STEM课堂中被边缘化的年轻人的科学天才。通过对文化失认这一概念的分析,我们建议将嘻哈音乐作为对这种情况的治疗,并提出一种更具文化内涵的教学方法。
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引用次数: 3
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