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Specifics knowledge links between COVID-19 and urban food systems in Nigeria 具体说明新冠肺炎与尼日利亚城市食品系统之间的知识联系
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1955957
O. T. Aduloju, A. Bako, A. O. Anofi
ABSTRACT COVID-19 pandemic has brought significant adverse impacts, in all ramifications, to the Nigerian society, especially in worsening the hunger situation resulting from the distortion of the urban food system. It has inhibited food choices and access for urban residents due to restrictions imposed on movement and human interactions. In Nigeria, the majority is in the informal economy who depend on the daily income for everyday needs, including food. This study, therefore, establishes specific knowledge links between COVID-19 and the urban food system. Also, it reviewed the impacts of adopted safety protocols and government policies during the COVID-19 pandemic on the Nigerian urban food supply system vis-a-vis state and non-state interventions to provide palliatives for the urban poor and vulnerable groups. The paper concluded that Nigeria has not adequately built a resilient strategy for eventualities, such as the COVID-19 emergency. Also, all measures instituted at different levels of government towards strengthening the urban food system during the pandemic were grossly inadequate as they could barely serve a fraction of the urban vulnerable. Therefore, the paper suggests a holistic policy review towards promoting resilience in the urban food system to withstand future emergencies.
2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行给尼日利亚社会带来了巨大的负面影响,尤其是城市粮食系统扭曲导致的饥饿状况恶化。由于对行动和人际交往的限制,它抑制了城市居民的食物选择和获取。在尼日利亚,大多数人在非正规经济中工作,他们依靠每天的收入来满足日常需求,包括食物。因此,本研究确立了COVID-19与城市粮食系统之间的具体知识联系。此外,它还审查了2019冠状病毒病大流行期间通过的安全协议和政府政策对尼日利亚城市粮食供应系统的影响,以及为城市贫困人口和弱势群体提供缓解措施的国家和非国家干预措施。该报告的结论是,尼日利亚尚未充分制定应对COVID-19紧急情况等突发事件的弹性战略。此外,在疫情期间,各级政府为加强城市粮食系统而采取的所有措施都严重不足,因为它们只能为一小部分城市弱势群体提供服务。因此,本文建议进行全面的政策审查,以提高城市粮食系统抵御未来紧急情况的韧性。
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引用次数: 2
An exploration of the domains of the inequality trajectory in Zimbabwe 津巴布韦不平等轨迹领域的探索
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1955956
T. Nhapi
ABSTRACT Pervasive natural climatic shocks and poverty combine to reinforce inequalities in Zimbabwe. Despite commitments to poverty eradication and socio-economic transformation through Sustainable Development Goals and the incoming Government of Zimbabwe’s socio-economic blueprint National Development Strategy 2021–2025, robust poverty mitigation gaps still exist. The aim of the article is to explore the domains of inequality in Zimbabwe. The article is secondary literature-based and relies on various applied action research studies, journal articles, evaluations commissioned by different Zimbabwean state and non-state actors. The article concludes by identifying pathways by which more robust pro-poor interventions can achieve desired outcomes of galvanising the social functioning of the Zimbabwean vulnerable.
普遍的自然气候冲击和贫困加剧了津巴布韦的不平等。尽管津巴布韦政府承诺通过可持续发展目标和即将出台的《2021-2025年国家发展战略》社会经济蓝图来消除贫困和实现社会经济转型,但仍然存在巨大的减贫差距。这篇文章的目的是探讨津巴布韦不平等的领域。这篇文章是基于二手文献的,并依赖于各种应用行动研究、期刊文章、津巴布韦不同国家和非国家行为体委托的评估。文章最后确定了一些途径,通过这些途径,更有力的扶贫干预措施可以实现激发津巴布韦弱势群体社会功能的预期结果。
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引用次数: 4
Governing ‘levelling-up’ in the UK: challenges and prospects 英国治理“升级”:挑战与前景
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-27 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1957495
J. Connolly, R. Pyper, Arno van der Zwet
ABSTRACT Following the Conservative Party’s victory in the 2019 UK General Election, and its success in achieving significant electoral gains across traditional Labour Party ‘red’ areas in the north of England, Prime Minister Boris Johnson vowed not to let down the new Conservative voters and pledged that his government would address longstanding regional inequalities in the UK. Consequently, ‘levelling up’ became part of the public policy lexicon, and, in March 2021, the government published its Levelling Up Fund prospectus. The concept of levelling up enjoys widespread political support, has featured in important policy initiatives beyond the UK, and has been the subject of considerable theorising. This article considers how social scientists might evaluate the success or otherwise of the UK government’s levelling-up agenda. The article suggests that any evaluation of this agenda requires the need to take into account aspects of network complexity, the resource allocation arrangements attached to the policy, and what the policy signifies in terms of governance leadership in the context of delivering public value. The article concludes that the UK government’s plans risk falling short of delivering a sustained reform programme to reduce area-based inequalities.
摘要继保守党在2019年英国大选中获胜,并成功在英格兰北部传统的工党“红色”地区取得重大选举胜利后,首相鲍里斯·约翰逊发誓不会让新的保守党选民失望,并承诺他的政府将解决英国长期存在的地区不平等问题。因此,“平准”成为公共政策词汇的一部分,2021年3月,政府发布了平准基金招股说明书。调平的概念得到了广泛的政治支持,在英国以外的重要政策举措中都有体现,并且一直是大量理论研究的主题。这篇文章考虑了社会科学家如何评估英国政府升级议程的成功与否。文章建议,对这一议程的任何评估都需要考虑网络复杂性、政策所附带的资源分配安排,以及政策在实现公共价值的背景下对治理领导力的意义。文章的结论是,英国政府的计划有可能达不到减少地区不平等的持续改革计划。
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引用次数: 15
Immigrant families in France and their experience of professionals’ prejudice against their children 法国移民家庭及其专业人士对子女偏见的经历
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-13 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1948094
C. Delcroix
ABSTRACT Among social policies in France, those concerning childhood are primarily aimed at populations living in deprived neighbourhoods where immigrant families live side by side with disadvantaged native French single mothers, disabled workers and long-term unemployed families. However, immigrant families are ‘captives’, and they can neither move easily due to lack financial resources nor access private housing markets because some private landlords refuse to accept immigrant tenants. This article is based on in-depth studies using parents’ life-stories, family case histories and semi-structured interviews with professionals carried out in various French cities. It was found that immigrant families, most of whom come from former French colonies (North Africa, Black Africa), have expectations about the French health, social and school systems. The future of their children is at the heart of their migration project. This paper shows how these families report making sacrifices for their children to achieve success in French society, in spite of the risks of living in poverty. But one unexpected risk lies in the prejudices of some professionals against their children. The paper sheds light on how immigrant parenting in France is still shaped by colonialism and class, and how it influences the policy response with various consequences.
在法国的社会政策中,与儿童有关的政策主要针对生活在贫困社区的人口,在这些社区中,移民家庭与处境不利的法国本土单身母亲、残疾工人和长期失业家庭生活在一起。然而,移民家庭是“俘虏”,由于缺乏财政资源,他们既不能轻易搬家,也不能进入私人住房市场,因为一些私人房东拒绝接受移民房客。这篇文章是基于深入研究,使用父母的生活故事,家庭病史和半结构化的专业人士在法国各城市进行的采访。研究发现,大多数来自前法国殖民地(北非、黑非洲)的移民家庭对法国的卫生、社会和学校制度抱有期望。孩子的未来是他们移民计划的核心。这篇论文展示了这些家庭如何为他们的孩子在法国社会取得成功而做出牺牲,尽管生活在贫困中的风险。但一个意想不到的风险在于一些专业人士对孩子的偏见。这篇论文揭示了殖民主义和阶级是如何塑造法国移民的养育方式的,以及它是如何影响政策反应并带来各种后果的。
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引用次数: 1
COVID-19: an age of fear, simulacra, or reality? 新冠肺炎:恐惧、模拟还是现实的时代?
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-29 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1942964
Zakia Resshid Ehsen, K. Alam
ABSTRACT The present research aims to deconstruct the proclamatory discourses on COVID-19 circulating in the networks of cyberspaces. The study attempts to analyse whether the knowledge produced about the precautionary assumptions such as a lockdown or social distancing are intentionally highlighted through media and other social networks. For this purpose, the research borrows Jean Baudrillard’s concept of Simulacra and Simulation to analyse how the COVID-19 pandemic creates a sensation of unreal fear at the global level. This excessive sensation constructs a culture of exercising power that gradually replaces the real understanding of discrimination between reality and imitation. This projection of sustained discordance aligns with Baudrillard’s basic tenets of media simulation of reality, wherein a simulation process is a fabricated culture constructed by human beings that dominates nature through a reversal of commonsensical understanding about the relationship between nature and the culture that is constructed by man. Hence, whatever knowledge is consumed as a constructed entity remains a copy ad infinitum. The exploration demonstrates the stage of hyper-reality highlighted in the process of simulation and simulacra. The present analysis is interested in perusing the effects of interpenetration between the real/created media knowledge production through Baudrillard’s concept of simulation simulacra.
摘要本研究旨在解构网络空间中流传的关于新冠肺炎的宣言话语。这项研究试图分析是否有意通过媒体和其他社交网络强调关于封锁或保持社交距离等预防性假设的知识。为此,本研究借用了让·波德里亚的“模拟和模拟”概念,分析新冠肺炎大流行如何在全球范围内造成不真实的恐惧感。这种过度的感觉构建了一种行使权力的文化,逐渐取代了对现实与模仿之间区别的真正理解。这种持续不和谐的投射符合鲍德里亚对现实的媒体模拟的基本原则,其中模拟过程是人类通过颠倒对自然和人类构建的文化之间关系的常识性理解而构建的、支配自然的捏造文化。因此,任何知识作为一个构建的实体被消耗,都是无限的复制品。该探索展示了在模拟和拟像过程中突出的超现实阶段。本分析旨在通过鲍德里亚的模拟拟像概念来探究真实/创造的媒介知识生产之间的渗透效应。
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引用次数: 1
Globalisation in the context of subjective identity, deviance and social control 主观身份、偏差和社会控制背景下的全球化
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1941228
G. Cifaldi, N. Malizia
ABSTRACT The work addresses the issue of globalisation and deviance, in the context of subjective, social, and gender identity and forms of social control. According to many theories, over time the globalisation is destined to produce social fragmentation, destructuring of society, and increase in individual uncertainty, followed by a general amplification of forms of social deviance; moreover, the shift from social identity to cultural identity, the possibility that cultural interdependence could favour the transition from a subjectivity understood as a concept borderig with the idea of fusion of horizons, or shift to an open (cosmopolitan) subjectivity. Such uncertainties or alterations can have repercussions concerning deviance, where subjectivity prevails and leads the individual to place himself in the most useful and beneficial part of society bypassing limitations, exploiting all possible opportunities and where social control, now informal, is overtaken by self-control.
该作品探讨了在主观、社会、性别认同和社会控制形式的背景下,全球化和越轨行为的问题。根据许多理论,随着时间的推移,全球化注定会产生社会分裂、社会破坏和个人不确定性的增加,随之而来的是社会越轨行为的普遍扩大;此外,从社会身份到文化身份的转变,文化相互依存的可能性可能有利于从一种被理解为与视界融合观念接壤的概念的主体性过渡,或转向一种开放的(世界主义的)主体性。这种不确定性或变化可能对偏差产生影响,主观性占上风,导致个人将自己置于社会中最有用和最有益的部分,绕过限制,利用所有可能的机会,现在非正式的社会控制被自我控制所取代。
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引用次数: 2
World disorder and peace research: a sociological, post-nationalist reading of the pathway to sustainable peace 世界无序与和平研究:通往可持续和平之路的社会学、后民族主义解读
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-22 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1942183
Romina Gurashi
ABSTRACT This paper offers a sociological reading of the concept of world order within the peace research debate, mindful of the complexity of systemic factors that influence changing interpretations. By addressing the clash of thought currents that have seen ‘traditionalist’ peace researchers interpret peace as a phenomenon opposed to conflict, while ‘progressive’ researchers view it as a social and sustainable development capable of mitigating conflict while containing disruptive aspects, this study critically reconstructs utopian conflict theories within a complex mosaic, which leads from conflict to a new vision of a peaceful world. In this view, there is no longer room for a concept of world order as expression of an arbitrary system of dominance, but a tendency to read social reality through the lenses of the complexity theories as a worldwide disorder. Following giants such as Kenneth Boulding and Johan Galtung, this paper investigates the four interconnected pillars of the new worldview – peace, society, economy, and nature – and the role played by conflict in defining its identity. Pursuing a vision that seeks to recompose the contents of positive peace and sustainable development, the researcher will try to understand the direction taken by the new sustainability paradigms.
本文对和平研究辩论中的世界秩序概念进行了社会学解读,注意到影响不断变化的解释的系统因素的复杂性。通过解决“传统主义”和平研究人员将和平解释为一种与冲突相反的现象,而“进步主义”研究人员将其视为一种社会和可持续发展,能够缓解冲突,同时包含破坏性的方面,这项研究批判性地重建了复杂马赛克中的乌托邦冲突理论,从冲突走向和平世界的新愿景。在这种观点中,不再存在将世界秩序概念作为任意统治体系的表达的空间,而是倾向于通过复杂性理论的镜头将社会现实解读为一种世界性的混乱。继Kenneth Boulding和Johan Galtung等巨人之后,本文研究了新世界观的四个相互关联的支柱——和平、社会、经济和自然——以及冲突在定义其身份方面所起的作用。为了追求一个寻求重新组合积极和平与可持续发展内容的愿景,研究人员将试图理解新的可持续发展范式所采取的方向。
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引用次数: 0
Ascribed identities in the global era: a complex approach 全球化时代的身份归属:一种复杂的方法
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1933157
Massimiliano Ruzzeddu
ABSTRACT This study focuses on the process of identity-building, wherein I aim to provide theoretical tools, other than social-psychology (especially symbolic interactionism), to help analyze the said process. Within the epistemic framework of complexity theories, I demonstrate that historical sociology provides sufficient background for understanding contemporary identity phenomena from a macro-sociological perspective. This enables the assessment of how, in the current scenario, identity dynamics can affect global phenomena and how the global social structure can affect identity-building processes worldwide. The notion of ascribed identities is, thus, crucial. In this study, I describe modernisation as a process where the ascribed characteristics (gender, religion, ethnicity) progressively lose their function of rigidly defining a person's identity, on behalf of personal achievements. Within this framework, I describe the current re-strengthening of ascribed identities and assess, through this description, which phase of the modernisation process is nowadays taking place.
本研究的重点是身份建构的过程,其中我的目的是提供理论工具,而不是社会心理学(特别是符号互动主义),以帮助分析上述过程。在复杂性理论的认识论框架内,我论证了历史社会学为从宏观社会学角度理解当代身份现象提供了充分的背景。这使我们能够评估,在目前的情况下,身份动态如何影响全球现象,以及全球社会结构如何影响世界范围内的身份建立过程。因此,归属身份的概念至关重要。在这项研究中,我将现代化描述为一个过程,在这个过程中,所赋予的特征(性别、宗教、种族)逐渐失去了严格定义一个人身份的功能,代表了个人成就。在这个框架内,我描述了目前对身份的重新强化,并通过这一描述来评估现代化进程的哪个阶段正在发生。
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引用次数: 0
Polish low-income mothers: conversions of human, social and cultural capitals through their lifetime 波兰低收入母亲:一生中人类、社会和文化资本的转换
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-28 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1931954
K. Gajek, Paulina Marchlik
ABSTRACT The aim of this article is to identify the human, social and cultural capitals of Polish low-income mothers, and to reconstruct the capitals’ conversion. The research was carried out using the method of (auto)biographical interview rooted in the tradition of symbolic interactionism, while data (autobiographical narratives about life) were collected in two Polish cities as part of the ISOTIS project, using the narrative interview technique developed by Schütze [(2008). Biography analysis on the empirical base of autobiographical narratives: How to analyse autobiographical narrative interviews – part one. European Studies on Inequalities and Social Cohesion, 1, 153–242], which was adapted by the ISOTIS project team. The analysis of women’s autobiographical narratives made it possible to reconstruct the events that were significant to them and the resources that they activated in everyday situations, compensating for the shortage of material capital. Recognition of the sequences of process structures occurring in the biographies revealed the narrators’ attitude to certain phases in their lives and the dominant forms of their activity that influenced their decisions and choices.
本文的目的是识别波兰低收入母亲的人力资本、社会资本和文化资本,并重建资本的转换。本研究采用植根于符号互动主义传统的(自动)传记式访谈方法进行,而作为ISOTIS项目的一部分,数据(关于生活的自传式叙述)是在波兰的两个城市收集的,采用了sch策[(2008)]开发的叙事访谈技术。自传体叙事经验基础上的传记分析:如何分析自传体叙事访谈——第一部分。《欧洲不平等与社会凝聚力研究》,第1卷,153-242页],由ISOTIS项目组改编。通过对女性自传体叙事的分析,可以重构对她们有重要意义的事件,以及她们在日常生活中所激活的资源,弥补物质资本的不足。对传记中出现的过程结构序列的认识揭示了叙述者对他们生活中某些阶段的态度以及影响他们决策和选择的主要活动形式。
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引用次数: 2
Social stratification: past, present, and future 社会分层:过去、现在和未来
IF 2.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/21582041.2021.1916575
J. Jarman, P. Lambert, R. Penn
ABSTRACT ‘Social Stratification, Past, Present, and Future’ celebrates the 50th anniversary of the annual Cambridge Social Stratification Seminar. This editorial presents a brief characterisation of the ‘Cambridge school’ approach that has featured prominently through the seminar’s lifetime. Then it discusses the domains and topics explored in this issue – education; intergenerational transmission of inequality; family, work and employment; occupations; migration for work; housing, and political preferences. While most of the papers focus on Great Britain, several papers involve international comparisons, one focuses on stratification in India, and another on China. Collectively, researchers reveal how social hierarchy influences people’s lives, and reproduces fairly stably over time. The papers also contribute to understanding the sometimes counter-intuitive outcomes that challenge those charged with policy development.
“社会分层,过去,现在和未来”庆祝剑桥年度社会分层研讨会50周年。这篇社论简要介绍了“剑桥学派”的方法,这种方法在研讨会的一生中一直占据突出地位。然后论述了本课题研究的领域和主题——教育;不平等的代际传递;家庭、工作和就业;职业;工作移民;住房和政治偏好。虽然大多数论文关注的是英国,但也有几篇论文涉及国际比较,一篇关注的是印度的分层,另一篇关注的是中国。总的来说,研究人员揭示了社会等级如何影响人们的生活,并随着时间的推移相当稳定地再现。这些论文还有助于理解有时与直觉相悖的结果,这些结果挑战了那些负责政策制定的人。
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引用次数: 0
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Contemporary Social Science
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