Electricity access has become a crucial issue in global South cities. While demand is growing, conventional grids are failing or insufficient, especially in Africa. Urban dwellers therefore have to develop a wide range of (in)formal infrastructures to meet their daily electricity needs. Building on recent studies on urban electricity in the global South, this paper aims to contribute to the debates on hybrid forms of electricity provision by analysing the diffusion of solar panels and generators in two cities, Ibadan in Nigeria and Cotonou in Benin. Although neighbouring and relatively similar, these two cities illustrate distinct daily electrical lives. In Nigeria, an electricity-exporting country, people face daily power outages. In Benin, a country that depends on Nigeria for its supply, there is electricity but it is difficult to connect to the grid because of connection costs. Based on an empirical study, the article shows that Ibadan’s inhabitants use generators as a complement to a conventional grid that is almost universal but unreliable. In Cotonou, solar energy is an alternative until they can connect to the grid. Generators and solar panels have become the material markers of urban Africa, providing information on inequalities in access to electricity.
{"title":"Electrifying urban Africa: energy access, city-making and globalisation in Nigeria and Benin","authors":"M. Rateau, Armelle Choplin","doi":"10.3828/IDPR.2021.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/IDPR.2021.4","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Electricity access has become a crucial issue in global South cities. While demand is growing, conventional grids are failing or insufficient, especially in Africa. Urban dwellers therefore have to develop a wide range of (in)formal infrastructures to meet their daily electricity needs. Building on recent studies on urban electricity in the global South, this paper aims to contribute to the debates on hybrid forms of electricity provision by analysing the diffusion of solar panels and generators in two cities, Ibadan in Nigeria and Cotonou in Benin. Although neighbouring and relatively similar, these two cities illustrate distinct daily electrical lives. In Nigeria, an electricity-exporting country, people face daily power outages. In Benin, a country that depends on Nigeria for its supply, there is electricity but it is difficult to connect to the grid because of connection costs. Based on an empirical study, the article shows that Ibadan’s inhabitants use generators as a complement to a conventional grid that is almost universal but unreliable. In Cotonou, solar energy is an alternative until they can connect to the grid. Generators and solar panels have become the material markers of urban Africa, providing information on inequalities in access to electricity.","PeriodicalId":46625,"journal":{"name":"International Development Planning Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83269575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Public-private collaboration is deemed critical for improving service delivery in the global South. This article examines how relations between state and private investors develop over time - and, by extension, how they affect service delivery - in different collaborative arrangements. Through a comparative historical analysis of two mixed-ownership water and sanitation companies in Brazil, the article challenges conventional policy prescriptions that focus on the role of institutional rules in governing public-private relations and insulating service provision from politics. The findings show the importance of understanding how organisational factors - such as the type of private participation - intersect with political processes to (re-)configure public-private relations and the direction of service delivery temporally. The cases both unflatten generic treatments of private participation and problematise the emphasis on institutional solutions that seek to depoliticise service delivery. In fact, insulation may risk closing political channels through which more progressive service outcomes can be achieved.
{"title":"The limits of insulation: the long-term political dynamics of public-private service delivery","authors":"Isadora Cruxên","doi":"10.3828/idpr.2021.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2021.12","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Public-private collaboration is deemed critical for improving service delivery in the global South. This article examines how relations between state and private investors develop over time - and, by extension, how they affect service delivery - in different collaborative arrangements. Through a comparative historical analysis of two mixed-ownership water and sanitation companies in Brazil, the article challenges conventional policy prescriptions that focus on the role of institutional rules in governing public-private relations and insulating service provision from politics. The findings show the importance of understanding how organisational factors - such as the type of private participation - intersect with political processes to (re-)configure public-private relations and the direction of service delivery temporally. The cases both unflatten generic treatments of private participation and problematise the emphasis on institutional solutions that seek to depoliticise service delivery. In fact, insulation may risk closing political channels through which more progressive service outcomes can be achieved.","PeriodicalId":46625,"journal":{"name":"International Development Planning Review","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80994245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores the resilience of the urban informal economy through multi-dimensional conflict. Karachi constituted an ideal case study for the research given the intensity and paradigmatic nature of the multi-dimensional conflict experienced in the city between 2008 and 2013. The paper applies a comparative frame in three sites (Sadar, Orangi and Lyari) to illustrate resilience of the informal economy and its role in supporting the urban poor in Karachi to survive and sometimes thrive, whilst also contributing to peaceful recovery and adaptation, albeit persistent divisions mean violence remains possible. The paper argues for greater recognition of and support for informal economies in urban policy, marking a shift away from the predominant neoliberal forms of governance that diminish the role of the state and burden already vulnerable people with the greatest risks, particularly in fragile, conflict-affected situations where half the world’s poor are predicted to live by 2030.
{"title":"Multi-dimensional conflict and the resilient urban informal economy in Karachi, Pakistan","authors":"Peter Mackie, A. Brown, A. Mehmood, S. Ahmed","doi":"10.3828/idpr.2021.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2021.13","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This paper explores the resilience of the urban informal economy through multi-dimensional conflict. Karachi constituted an ideal case study for the research given the intensity and paradigmatic nature of the multi-dimensional conflict experienced in the city between 2008 and 2013. The paper applies a comparative frame in three sites (Sadar, Orangi and Lyari) to illustrate resilience of the informal economy and its role in supporting the urban poor in Karachi to survive and sometimes thrive, whilst also contributing to peaceful recovery and adaptation, albeit persistent divisions mean violence remains possible. The paper argues for greater recognition of and support for informal economies in urban policy, marking a shift away from the predominant neoliberal forms of governance that diminish the role of the state and burden already vulnerable people with the greatest risks, particularly in fragile, conflict-affected situations where half the world’s poor are predicted to live by 2030.","PeriodicalId":46625,"journal":{"name":"International Development Planning Review","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81286997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regional greenway implementation requires a complex governance structure to deal with regional-local, cross-jurisdictional and cross-sectoral relations. This paper explores how these three intergovernmental relations are shaped by different governance structures and how they influence regional greenway implementation outcomes. An analytical framework was proposed considering four structural factors (size, specialisation, order and anarchy) and China’s inherited tiao (vertical)-kuai (horizontal) system of authority. By analysing a case-study project with evolving governance structures over time, the paper reveals that a more powerful, sectorally specialised, autonomous and inclusive local coordination office is ideal to foster institutional linkages within administrative jurisdiction, between adjacent governments and across government hierarchy. These links are essential for efficient and integrated greenway implementation in city-regions.
{"title":"Understanding the structure and complexity of regional greenway governance in China","authors":"Junxian Chen, S. Han, Siqing Chen","doi":"10.3828/idpr.2021.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2021.11","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Regional greenway implementation requires a complex governance structure to deal with regional-local, cross-jurisdictional and cross-sectoral relations. This paper explores how these three intergovernmental relations are shaped by different governance structures and how they influence regional greenway implementation outcomes. An analytical framework was proposed considering four structural factors (size, specialisation, order and anarchy) and China’s inherited tiao (vertical)-kuai (horizontal) system of authority. By analysing a case-study project with evolving governance structures over time, the paper reveals that a more powerful, sectorally specialised, autonomous and inclusive local coordination office is ideal to foster institutional linkages within administrative jurisdiction, between adjacent governments and across government hierarchy. These links are essential for efficient and integrated greenway implementation in city-regions.","PeriodicalId":46625,"journal":{"name":"International Development Planning Review","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90684991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elmond Bandauko, S. Kutor, Eunice Annan-Aggrey, G. Arku
In developing countries, people living in informal settlements are subjected to different forms of coercive control such as threats of evictions, exclusion, blocked access to urban services and other types of structural violence. These coercive measures are legitimised through the discursive branding of informal settlements as ‘unplanned’, ‘disorderly’ and ‘dangerous’ neighbourhoods. This paper examines how people living in these denigrated neighbourhoods engage with and resist this territorial stigmatisation. It uses data from key informant interviews (KIIs) with urban elites, in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) with residents of Harare’s informal settlements. Our analysis reveals that while some informal settlement residents have internalised stigmatising discourses, others resist them through constructing counternarratives that seek to portray their settlements as ‘good places for the urban poor’, thereby creating a positive image of their neighbourhoods in the context of extreme spatial and socio-economic marginalisation. These place-based narratives are rooted in the shared experiences with informality and associational life in a city where such residents are needed yet unwanted. We conclude that while informal settlement residents are aware of their precarity and tenure insecurities, these counternarratives build strong solidarities to resist state-sponsored evictions, arbitrary relocations and other forms of structural violence.
{"title":"‘They say these are places for criminals, but this is our home’: internalising and countering discourses of territorial stigmatisation in Harare’s informal settlements","authors":"Elmond Bandauko, S. Kutor, Eunice Annan-Aggrey, G. Arku","doi":"10.3828/idpr.2021.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2021.9","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000In developing countries, people living in informal settlements are subjected to different forms of coercive control such as threats of evictions, exclusion, blocked access to urban services and other types of structural violence. These coercive measures are legitimised through the discursive branding of informal settlements as ‘unplanned’, ‘disorderly’ and ‘dangerous’ neighbourhoods. This paper examines how people living in these denigrated neighbourhoods engage with and resist this territorial stigmatisation. It uses data from key informant interviews (KIIs) with urban elites, in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) with residents of Harare’s informal settlements. Our analysis reveals that while some informal settlement residents have internalised stigmatising discourses, others resist them through constructing counternarratives that seek to portray their settlements as ‘good places for the urban poor’, thereby creating a positive image of their neighbourhoods in the context of extreme spatial and socio-economic marginalisation. These place-based narratives are rooted in the shared experiences with informality and associational life in a city where such residents are needed yet unwanted. We conclude that while informal settlement residents are aware of their precarity and tenure insecurities, these counternarratives build strong solidarities to resist state-sponsored evictions, arbitrary relocations and other forms of structural violence.","PeriodicalId":46625,"journal":{"name":"International Development Planning Review","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84334134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Dovey, Tanzil Shafique, M. Oostrum, I. Chatterjee
{"title":"Viewpoint Informal settlement is not a euphemism for ‘slum’: what’s at stake beyond the language?","authors":"K. Dovey, Tanzil Shafique, M. Oostrum, I. Chatterjee","doi":"10.3828/idpr.2020.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/idpr.2020.14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46625,"journal":{"name":"International Development Planning Review","volume":"97 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85324964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bac Ninh, a province adjacent to the Hanoi Capital Region of Vietnam, has long been renowned for its centuries-old craft villages. Today, Bac Ninh is becoming renowned for the toxic environments pr...
北宁省毗邻越南首都河内地区，长期以来以其历史悠久的工艺村而闻名。如今，北宁因其有毒的环境而闻名。
{"title":"Social differentiation and access to clean water: a case study from Bac Ninh, Vietnam","authors":"Lisa B. W. Drummond, H. Lê","doi":"10.3828/IDPR.2019.30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/IDPR.2019.30","url":null,"abstract":"Bac Ninh, a province adjacent to the Hanoi Capital Region of Vietnam, has long been renowned for its centuries-old craft villages. Today, Bac Ninh is becoming renowned for the toxic environments pr...","PeriodicalId":46625,"journal":{"name":"International Development Planning Review","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72854436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature Based Solutions (NBS) for urban water management seek to harness natural processes and (re)connect diverse flows in the urban water cycle for increased ecological sustainability. Developed i...
{"title":"Nature Based Solutions for urban water management in Asian cities: integrating vulnerability into sustainable design","authors":"M. Kooy, K. Furlong, Vanessa Lamb","doi":"10.3828/IDPR.2019.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/IDPR.2019.17","url":null,"abstract":"Nature Based Solutions (NBS) for urban water management seek to harness natural processes and (re)connect diverse flows in the urban water cycle for increased ecological sustainability. Developed i...","PeriodicalId":46625,"journal":{"name":"International Development Planning Review","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80054493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Southeast Asia, how flooding is named or studied is not only a matter of fact, but distinctions of flooding as ‘beneficial’ or ‘disaster’ elicit specific reactions from city management, governme...
{"title":"Hydrosocial practice in an urbanising floodplain: local management and dilemmas of beneficial flooding","authors":"Vanessa Lamb","doi":"10.3828/IDPR.2019.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3828/IDPR.2019.5","url":null,"abstract":"In Southeast Asia, how flooding is named or studied is not only a matter of fact, but distinctions of flooding as ‘beneficial’ or ‘disaster’ elicit specific reactions from city management, governme...","PeriodicalId":46625,"journal":{"name":"International Development Planning Review","volume":"13 1","pages":"315-336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85308487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：