首页 > 最新文献

Journal of Transportation Safety & Security最新文献

英文 中文
Investigating the safety performance of the new continuous green T-partial cloverleaf A interchange 新型连续绿色t型部分立交A立交的安全性能研究
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-04-15 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2061095
Mutasem Alzoubaidi, M. Zlatkovic
Abstract This study proposes and investigates the safety performance of a new innovative interchange design, called the continuous green T-partial cloverleaf A (CGT-parclo A). The CGT-parclo A was compared with various other conventional and unconventional service interchange designs. To address the objectives of this research, a simulation modeling network was built using VISSIM microsimulation software coupled with Econolite’s external ASC/3 Software-in-the-Loop signal controller. The Federal Highway Administration’s Surrogate Safety Assessment Model was employed to produce results of surrogate safety measures. Moreover, analyses of variance were conducted to examine the statistical significance of the results. The findings indicate that the CGT-parclo A is the best form of parclo A interchanges, with the potential to reduce the likelihood of crashes as well as their frequencies and severities. Specifically, the CGT-parclo A reduced the crossing conflicts, rear-end conflicts, lane change conflicts, and the total number of conflicts by ranges of 6.4% to 43.7%, 4.8% to 19.7%, 1.2% to 30.0%, and 7.6% to 28.1%, respectively.
摘要本研究提出并研究了一种新型创新立交设计,即连续绿色t型部分三叶草立交a (CGT-parclo a)的安全性能,并将CGT-parclo a与其他各种常规和非常规服务立交设计进行了比较。为了实现本研究的目标,使用VISSIM微仿真软件与Econolite的外部ASC/3软件在环信号控制器相结合,构建了仿真建模网络。采用联邦公路管理局的替代安全评估模型得出替代安全措施的结果。此外,进行方差分析以检验结果的统计显著性。研究结果表明,CGT-parclo A是parclo A交汇处的最佳形式,有可能减少碰撞的可能性以及它们的频率和严重程度。其中,CGT-parclo A将交叉口冲突、追尾冲突、变道冲突和总冲突数量分别降低了6.4% ~ 43.7%、4.8% ~ 19.7%、1.2% ~ 30.0%和7.6% ~ 28.1%。
{"title":"Investigating the safety performance of the new continuous green T-partial cloverleaf A interchange","authors":"Mutasem Alzoubaidi, M. Zlatkovic","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2061095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2061095","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study proposes and investigates the safety performance of a new innovative interchange design, called the continuous green T-partial cloverleaf A (CGT-parclo A). The CGT-parclo A was compared with various other conventional and unconventional service interchange designs. To address the objectives of this research, a simulation modeling network was built using VISSIM microsimulation software coupled with Econolite’s external ASC/3 Software-in-the-Loop signal controller. The Federal Highway Administration’s Surrogate Safety Assessment Model was employed to produce results of surrogate safety measures. Moreover, analyses of variance were conducted to examine the statistical significance of the results. The findings indicate that the CGT-parclo A is the best form of parclo A interchanges, with the potential to reduce the likelihood of crashes as well as their frequencies and severities. Specifically, the CGT-parclo A reduced the crossing conflicts, rear-end conflicts, lane change conflicts, and the total number of conflicts by ranges of 6.4% to 43.7%, 4.8% to 19.7%, 1.2% to 30.0%, and 7.6% to 28.1%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"11 1","pages":"350 - 375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75160544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
A comparative study of factors associated with motorcycle crash severities under different causal scenarios 不同因果情景下摩托车碰撞严重程度相关因素的比较研究
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-04-11 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2063464
E. Adanu, A. Lidbe, Jun Liu, Steven L. Jones
Abstract This study was carried out to examine the factors associated with motorcycle crash severity in Alabama, under different manner of crash and causal scenarios using mixed logit modeling. Three crash mechanisms were considered in this study: single-vehicle motorcycle crash with motorcyclist at fault, multi-vehicle collision between a motorcycle and another vehicle with motorcyclist being at fault, and motorcyclist not at fault in a collision between a motorcycle and another vehicle. The model estimation results showed that crashes that happened in rural areas were more likely to be severe, irrespective of the causal unit or manner of collision. The results also show that fatigue among motorcyclists was associated with severe injury, whereas driver fatigue was linked to no injury outcome. Further, it was found that risky behaviors such as speeding, driving/riding under the influence of alcohol or drugs, driving/riding with invalid license were significantly associated with severe injury outcome. Developing the injury-severity models based on the segmented crash data has helped to reveal some similarities and differences in crash outcomes based on the crash mechanism and the at-fault road user. It is expected that these findings would provide a data-driven evidence to improve motorcycle safety in the state.
摘要本研究采用混合logit模型,在不同的碰撞方式和因果情景下,对美国阿拉巴马州摩托车碰撞严重程度的相关因素进行了研究。本研究考虑了三种碰撞机制:摩托车单车碰撞,摩托车手有过错;摩托车多车碰撞,摩托车手有过错;摩托车与另一辆车碰撞,摩托车手无过错。模型估计结果表明,无论碰撞的原因单位或方式如何,发生在农村地区的碰撞更有可能是严重的。结果还表明,摩托车手的疲劳与严重伤害有关,而驾驶员的疲劳与没有伤害结果有关。此外,我们还发现超速、酒后或吸毒后驾驶/骑行、持无效驾照驾驶/骑行等危险行为与严重伤害结果显著相关。基于分段碰撞数据开发的伤害严重程度模型有助于揭示基于碰撞机制和过错道路使用者的碰撞结果的一些异同。预计这些发现将为改善该州的摩托车安全提供数据驱动的证据。
{"title":"A comparative study of factors associated with motorcycle crash severities under different causal scenarios","authors":"E. Adanu, A. Lidbe, Jun Liu, Steven L. Jones","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2063464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2063464","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study was carried out to examine the factors associated with motorcycle crash severity in Alabama, under different manner of crash and causal scenarios using mixed logit modeling. Three crash mechanisms were considered in this study: single-vehicle motorcycle crash with motorcyclist at fault, multi-vehicle collision between a motorcycle and another vehicle with motorcyclist being at fault, and motorcyclist not at fault in a collision between a motorcycle and another vehicle. The model estimation results showed that crashes that happened in rural areas were more likely to be severe, irrespective of the causal unit or manner of collision. The results also show that fatigue among motorcyclists was associated with severe injury, whereas driver fatigue was linked to no injury outcome. Further, it was found that risky behaviors such as speeding, driving/riding under the influence of alcohol or drugs, driving/riding with invalid license were significantly associated with severe injury outcome. Developing the injury-severity models based on the segmented crash data has helped to reveal some similarities and differences in crash outcomes based on the crash mechanism and the at-fault road user. It is expected that these findings would provide a data-driven evidence to improve motorcycle safety in the state.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"897 1","pages":"376 - 396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83349541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A simulation analysis to explore when using a calibration function is preferred over a scalar factor for calibrating safety performance functions 当使用校准函数优于标量因子来校准安全性能函数时,进行模拟分析以探索
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-04-06 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2056932
M. Shirazi, Srinivas R. Geedipally
Abstract The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) recommends calibrating Safety Performance Functions using a scalar calibration factor. Recently, a few studies explored the merits of estimating a calibration function instead of a calibration factor. Although it seems a promising approach, it is not clear when a calibration function should be preferred over a scalar calibration factor. On the one hand estimating a scalar factor is easier than estimating a calibration function; on the other hand, the calibration results may improve using a calibration function. This study performs a simulation study to compare the two calibration strategies for different ranges of data characteristics (i.e.: sample mean and variance) as well as the sample size. A measure of prediction accuracy is used to compare the two methods. The results show that as the sample size increases, or variation of data decreases, the calibration function performs better than the scalar calibration factor. If the analyst can collect a sample of at least 150 locations, calibration function is recommended over the scalar factor. If the HSM recommendation of 30-50 locations is used and the analyst desires a better accuracy, calibration function is recommended only if the coefficient of variation of data is less than 2. Otherwise, calibration factor yields better results.
摘要公路安全手册(HSM)推荐使用标量校准因子来校准安全性能函数。最近,一些研究探讨了估计校准函数而不是估计校准因子的优点。虽然这似乎是一种很有前途的方法,但尚不清楚何时应该优先使用校准函数而不是标量校准因子。一方面,估计标量因子比估计校准函数更容易;另一方面,使用校准函数可以改善校准结果。本研究进行了模拟研究,比较了两种校准策略在不同范围的数据特征(即:样本均值和方差)以及样本量。用一种预测精度度量来比较这两种方法。结果表明,随着样本量的增大或数据变化量的减小,该校正函数的校正效果优于标量校正因子。如果分析人员可以收集至少150个位置的样本,则建议在标量因子上使用校准功能。如果使用HSM推荐的30-50个位置,并且分析人员希望获得更好的精度,则只有当数据的变异系数小于2时,才建议使用校准函数。否则,校正因子可获得更好的结果。
{"title":"A simulation analysis to explore when using a calibration function is preferred over a scalar factor for calibrating safety performance functions","authors":"M. Shirazi, Srinivas R. Geedipally","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2056932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2056932","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Highway Safety Manual (HSM) recommends calibrating Safety Performance Functions using a scalar calibration factor. Recently, a few studies explored the merits of estimating a calibration function instead of a calibration factor. Although it seems a promising approach, it is not clear when a calibration function should be preferred over a scalar calibration factor. On the one hand estimating a scalar factor is easier than estimating a calibration function; on the other hand, the calibration results may improve using a calibration function. This study performs a simulation study to compare the two calibration strategies for different ranges of data characteristics (i.e.: sample mean and variance) as well as the sample size. A measure of prediction accuracy is used to compare the two methods. The results show that as the sample size increases, or variation of data decreases, the calibration function performs better than the scalar calibration factor. If the analyst can collect a sample of at least 150 locations, calibration function is recommended over the scalar factor. If the HSM recommendation of 30-50 locations is used and the analyst desires a better accuracy, calibration function is recommended only if the coefficient of variation of data is less than 2. Otherwise, calibration factor yields better results.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"91 1","pages":"335 - 349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86972263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Characterizing the differences of injury severity between single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes in China 中国单车与多车碰撞损伤严重程度差异特征分析
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2056931
Jingfeng Ma, Gang Ren, Haojie Li, S. Wang, Jingcai Yu
Abstract It is of paramount importance for mitigating road crash losses to characterize the relationship between crash injury severities and contributing factors. Existing studies have revealed mechanism differences of single-vehicle (SV) and multi-vehicle (MV) crashes. This study positions itself at exploring the differences from spatiotemporal, road-environment, driver-vehicle, and collision characteristics. A model comparison as well as the elasticities for the optimal model (partial proportional odds model) is implemented based on 18,083 SV crashes and 22,162 MV crashes in China. The results evidenced the great differences that time, road, speed, lighting, and weather are found to have a positive correlation with only SV crash injury severity, yet negatively related with only MV crash injury severity. Area, location, and angle are significant only for SV crashes, while day, interference, and wind are significant only for MV crashes. The findings revealed that gender, age, collision, location, and time are more influencing factors in SV crashes, while collision, age, gender, vehicle, and wind have more contributions to MV crashes. The findings could provide an insightful reference for prioritizing effective countermeasures to mitigate traffic crash losses.
摘要研究碰撞损伤严重程度与影响因素之间的关系对减轻道路交通事故损失具有重要意义。已有研究揭示了单车碰撞与多车碰撞的机理差异。本研究旨在探索时空、道路环境、驾驶员-车辆和碰撞特征的差异。基于中国18083起SV事故和22162起MV事故,对模型进行了比较,并对最优模型(部分比例赔率模型)进行了弹性分析。结果表明,时间、道路、速度、照明、天气与机动车碰撞损伤严重程度呈正相关,与机动车碰撞损伤严重程度呈负相关。面积、位置和角度仅对SV碰撞有意义,而白天、干扰和风力仅对MV碰撞有意义。结果表明,性别、年龄、碰撞、地点和时间对SV碰撞的影响较大,碰撞、年龄、性别、车辆和风对MV碰撞的影响较大。研究结果可为制定有效对策以减轻交通事故损失提供有见地的参考。
{"title":"Characterizing the differences of injury severity between single-vehicle and multi-vehicle crashes in China","authors":"Jingfeng Ma, Gang Ren, Haojie Li, S. Wang, Jingcai Yu","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2056931","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2056931","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is of paramount importance for mitigating road crash losses to characterize the relationship between crash injury severities and contributing factors. Existing studies have revealed mechanism differences of single-vehicle (SV) and multi-vehicle (MV) crashes. This study positions itself at exploring the differences from spatiotemporal, road-environment, driver-vehicle, and collision characteristics. A model comparison as well as the elasticities for the optimal model (partial proportional odds model) is implemented based on 18,083 SV crashes and 22,162 MV crashes in China. The results evidenced the great differences that time, road, speed, lighting, and weather are found to have a positive correlation with only SV crash injury severity, yet negatively related with only MV crash injury severity. Area, location, and angle are significant only for SV crashes, while day, interference, and wind are significant only for MV crashes. The findings revealed that gender, age, collision, location, and time are more influencing factors in SV crashes, while collision, age, gender, vehicle, and wind have more contributions to MV crashes. The findings could provide an insightful reference for prioritizing effective countermeasures to mitigate traffic crash losses.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"79 1","pages":"314 - 334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81414779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Modelling participation in road accidents of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls 模拟使用手动控制的残疾司机在道路交通事故中的参与情况
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2056930
Đorđe Petrović, Dalibor Pešić, R. Mijailović, Bojana Milošević
Abstract Almost 200 million persons with disabilities face specific difficulties in everyday life. Private vehicles provide persons with disabilities with a high level of flexibility, a high level of time efficiency, and a better quality of life. It is sometimes necessary to make vehicle modifications to enable persons with disabilities to drive. One of the most frequent modifications is hand controls. Although drivers with disabilities who use hand controls face the same risk of road accidents as non-disabled drivers, predictors of road accidents for drivers with disabilities who use hand controls have not been the subject of earlier research. The predictors show which factors influence the occurrence of road accidents of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls. This paper aims to develop a model that describes the participation in road accidents of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls and recognises contributing predictors. A multidisciplinary team of experts identified twenty-three predictors that impact road accidents of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls. Bayesian logistic regression models have identified speeding, alcohol consumption, mobile phone usage, and especially fatigue as risky behaviours. This paper proposes several important measures that would improve the safety of drivers with disabilities using hand controls.
近2亿残疾人在日常生活中面临特殊困难。私家车为残疾人提供了高度的灵活性、高度的时间效率和更好的生活质量。有时需要对车辆进行改装,使残疾人能够驾驶。最常见的修改之一是手动控制。虽然使用手动控制的残疾司机与非残疾司机面临着同样的道路交通事故风险,但使用手动控制的残疾司机的道路交通事故预测因素并不是早期研究的主题。预测因子显示了哪些因素会影响使用手动控制的残疾司机发生交通事故。本文旨在开发一个模型,描述使用手动控制的残疾司机在道路事故中的参与情况,并识别有助于预测的因素。一个多学科专家小组确定了23个影响使用手动控制的残疾司机道路事故的预测因素。贝叶斯逻辑回归模型已经确定超速、饮酒、使用移动电话,尤其是疲劳是危险行为。本文提出了几项重要的措施,以提高使用手动控制的残疾司机的安全性。
{"title":"Modelling participation in road accidents of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls","authors":"Đorđe Petrović, Dalibor Pešić, R. Mijailović, Bojana Milošević","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2056930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2056930","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Almost 200 million persons with disabilities face specific difficulties in everyday life. Private vehicles provide persons with disabilities with a high level of flexibility, a high level of time efficiency, and a better quality of life. It is sometimes necessary to make vehicle modifications to enable persons with disabilities to drive. One of the most frequent modifications is hand controls. Although drivers with disabilities who use hand controls face the same risk of road accidents as non-disabled drivers, predictors of road accidents for drivers with disabilities who use hand controls have not been the subject of earlier research. The predictors show which factors influence the occurrence of road accidents of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls. This paper aims to develop a model that describes the participation in road accidents of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls and recognises contributing predictors. A multidisciplinary team of experts identified twenty-three predictors that impact road accidents of drivers with disabilities who use hand controls. Bayesian logistic regression models have identified speeding, alcohol consumption, mobile phone usage, and especially fatigue as risky behaviours. This paper proposes several important measures that would improve the safety of drivers with disabilities using hand controls.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"97 1","pages":"291 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74375593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Young drivers and cellphone distraction: Pattern recognition from fatal crashes 年轻司机和手机分心:致命车祸的模式识别
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-03-28 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2048763
M. Hossain, Huaguo Zhou, Subasish Das, Xiaoduan Sun, Ahmed Hossain
Abstract More than 30% of cellphone-distracted fatal crashes occurred to drivers younger than 25-years-old in 2018, even though they constitute less than 12% of total licensed drivers in the U.S. Using joint correspondence analysis (JCA), this study analyzed six years (2014–2019) of cellphone-related fatal crashes involving young drivers based on the data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). This unsupervised learning algorithm can graphically display the co-occurrence of variable categories in a lower-dimensional space by effectively summarizing the knowledge of a complex crash dataset. The Boruta algorithm was applied to select the relevant features from the preliminary crash dataset. The empirical results of JCA manifest a few interesting fatal crash patterns. For example, young male drivers in light trucks were involved in deadly collisions while performing specific cellphone activities (other than talking and listening), cellphone-related fatal crashes occurred to young females with prior crash records, and so on. Apart from alcohol and drug involvement, this study identified young drivers’ additional risk-taking maneuvers while engaged in cellphone usage, including: disregarding traffic signs and signals, speeding, and unrestrained driving. The associations could guide the safety officials and policymakers in developing appropriate engineering, education, and enforcement strategies when dealing with cellphone-distracted young drivers.
2018年,超过30%的手机分心致命车祸发生在25岁以下的司机身上,尽管他们占美国有执照司机总数的比例不到12%。本研究利用联合对应分析(JCA),根据死亡分析报告系统(FARS)的数据,分析了6年(2014-2019年)涉及年轻司机的手机相关致命车祸。这种无监督学习算法可以通过有效地总结复杂碰撞数据集的知识,以图形化的方式显示低维空间中变量类别的共现。采用Boruta算法从初步碰撞数据集中选择相关特征。JCA的实证结果显示了一些有趣的致命碰撞模式。例如,轻型卡车的年轻男性司机在进行特定的手机活动(而不是打电话和听电话)时发生致命碰撞,与手机相关的致命碰撞发生在有撞车记录的年轻女性身上,等等。除了酗酒和吸毒,这项研究还发现,年轻司机在使用手机时还会做出额外的冒险行为,包括:无视交通标志和信号、超速和无节制驾驶。这些协会可以指导安全官员和政策制定者在处理手机分心的年轻司机时制定适当的工程、教育和执法策略。
{"title":"Young drivers and cellphone distraction: Pattern recognition from fatal crashes","authors":"M. Hossain, Huaguo Zhou, Subasish Das, Xiaoduan Sun, Ahmed Hossain","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2048763","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2048763","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract More than 30% of cellphone-distracted fatal crashes occurred to drivers younger than 25-years-old in 2018, even though they constitute less than 12% of total licensed drivers in the U.S. Using joint correspondence analysis (JCA), this study analyzed six years (2014–2019) of cellphone-related fatal crashes involving young drivers based on the data from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS). This unsupervised learning algorithm can graphically display the co-occurrence of variable categories in a lower-dimensional space by effectively summarizing the knowledge of a complex crash dataset. The Boruta algorithm was applied to select the relevant features from the preliminary crash dataset. The empirical results of JCA manifest a few interesting fatal crash patterns. For example, young male drivers in light trucks were involved in deadly collisions while performing specific cellphone activities (other than talking and listening), cellphone-related fatal crashes occurred to young females with prior crash records, and so on. Apart from alcohol and drug involvement, this study identified young drivers’ additional risk-taking maneuvers while engaged in cellphone usage, including: disregarding traffic signs and signals, speeding, and unrestrained driving. The associations could guide the safety officials and policymakers in developing appropriate engineering, education, and enforcement strategies when dealing with cellphone-distracted young drivers.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"122 1","pages":"239 - 264"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84780901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Surrogate safety assessment of super DDI design: A case study in Denver, Colorado 超级DDI设计的替代安全性评估:以科罗拉多州丹佛市为例
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-03-23 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2054038
M. Haq, A. Molan, K. Ksaibati
Abstract This paper aims to advance the current research on the new super diverging diamond interchange (Super DDI) design by evaluating the safety performance of its two versions (super DDI-1 and super DDI-2) using real-field data. Three interchanges were selected in Denver metro, Colorado as the potential candidates to model for future retrofit. This study considered four interchange designs (i.e., existing diamond, DDI, super DDI-1, and super DDI-2) to assess the safety performance using the combination of VISSIM, Synchro, and SSAM analyzing tools. Several microsimulation models (120 scenarios with 600 runs in total) were created with three peak hours (AM, Noon, and PM) for existing (the year 2020) and projected (the year 2030) traffic volumes. Based on the results, both super DDI versions showed high potential in improving safety. As an important finding from this research, super DDI designs outperformed DDI when considering adjacent signals, while DDI performed apparently similar or sometimes even insignificantly better compared to super DDI if no adjacent intersections were located in the vicinity and if the demand was lower than DDI’s capacity.
摘要:通过对超发散型金刚石立交(super DDI-1)和超发散型金刚石立交(super DDI-2)两个版本的安全性能进行实场数据评价,进一步推进了超发散型金刚石立交(super DDI)设计的研究进展。科罗拉多州丹佛市的三个立交桥被选为未来改造的潜在候选者。本研究考虑了四种立交设计(即现有钻石、DDI、超级DDI-1和超级DDI-2),使用VISSIM、Synchro和SSAM分析工具组合评估安全性能。为现有(2020年)和预计(2030年)交通量创建了几个微观模拟模型(120个场景,总共运行600次),其中包含三个高峰时段(上午、中午和下午)。结果表明,两种超级DDI版本在提高安全性方面具有很大的潜力。本研究的一个重要发现是,当考虑相邻信号时,超级DDI设计优于DDI,而当附近没有相邻交叉口且需求低于DDI的容量时,DDI的表现与超级DDI明显相似,有时甚至不明显。
{"title":"Surrogate safety assessment of super DDI design: A case study in Denver, Colorado","authors":"M. Haq, A. Molan, K. Ksaibati","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2054038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2054038","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper aims to advance the current research on the new super diverging diamond interchange (Super DDI) design by evaluating the safety performance of its two versions (super DDI-1 and super DDI-2) using real-field data. Three interchanges were selected in Denver metro, Colorado as the potential candidates to model for future retrofit. This study considered four interchange designs (i.e., existing diamond, DDI, super DDI-1, and super DDI-2) to assess the safety performance using the combination of VISSIM, Synchro, and SSAM analyzing tools. Several microsimulation models (120 scenarios with 600 runs in total) were created with three peak hours (AM, Noon, and PM) for existing (the year 2020) and projected (the year 2030) traffic volumes. Based on the results, both super DDI versions showed high potential in improving safety. As an important finding from this research, super DDI designs outperformed DDI when considering adjacent signals, while DDI performed apparently similar or sometimes even insignificantly better compared to super DDI if no adjacent intersections were located in the vicinity and if the demand was lower than DDI’s capacity.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"84 1","pages":"265 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77222793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
An integrated solution to identify pedestrian-vehicle accident prone locations: GIS-based multicriteria decision approach 行人-车辆事故易发地点识别的综合解决方案:基于gis的多准则决策方法
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-03-12 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2048760
Burak Yigit Katanalp, Ezgi Eren, Y. Alver
Abstract Spatial distributions of pedestrian-vehicle accident-prone locations (APLs) according to GIS-based models differ. Also, which APLs are determined by conventional models are more critical or which model is more successful in determining APL is still a major concern. To bridge this gap, this paper presents an innovative GIS-based Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach to identify the most critical APLs and to rank APLs with the compromising results of four GIS-based models. The results of planar KDE, network-based KDE, Getis-Ord Gi*, and Local Moran’s I which are weighted with prediction accuracy index (PAI), were evaluated together with MCDM methods: traditional VIKOR and psychometric VIKOR. Results & Discussion: The 15 most critical APLs in the compromise solution were ranked for four time periods. Network-based KDE gave the best performance, while Local Moran’s I performed the worst. Sensitivity analysis showed that the Psychometric VIKOR provides acceptable stability in the rankings of the APLs. The innovative MCDM approaches allowed the results of several models to be evaluated together. Thus, more reliable APLs were identified. Local governments with limited budgets can determine which APLs should be considered to improve pedestrian safety with the recommended approach and can apply to any study area.
基于gis的行人-车辆事故易发地点(api)的空间分布存在差异。此外,由传统模型确定哪些APL更为关键,或者哪种模型在确定APL方面更成功仍然是一个主要问题。为了弥补这一差距,本文提出了一种创新的基于gis的多标准决策(MCDM)方法,以识别最关键的api,并将api与四个基于gis的模型的折衷结果进行排名。将平面KDE、基于网络的KDE、Getis-Ord Gi*、Local Moran’s I等加权预测准确度指数(PAI)与MCDM方法(传统VIKOR和心理测量VIKOR)进行比较。结果与讨论:妥协方案中15个最关键的api按4个时间段进行排名。基于网络的KDE提供了最好的性能,而Local Moran的I表现最差。敏感性分析表明,心理测量VIKOR在api排名中提供了可接受的稳定性。创新的MCDM方法允许将几个模型的结果一起评估。因此,确定了更可靠的api。预算有限的地方政府可以根据建议的方法决定应该考虑哪些api来改善行人安全,并且可以应用于任何研究区域。
{"title":"An integrated solution to identify pedestrian-vehicle accident prone locations: GIS-based multicriteria decision approach","authors":"Burak Yigit Katanalp, Ezgi Eren, Y. Alver","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2048760","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2048760","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Spatial distributions of pedestrian-vehicle accident-prone locations (APLs) according to GIS-based models differ. Also, which APLs are determined by conventional models are more critical or which model is more successful in determining APL is still a major concern. To bridge this gap, this paper presents an innovative GIS-based Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) approach to identify the most critical APLs and to rank APLs with the compromising results of four GIS-based models. The results of planar KDE, network-based KDE, Getis-Ord Gi*, and Local Moran’s I which are weighted with prediction accuracy index (PAI), were evaluated together with MCDM methods: traditional VIKOR and psychometric VIKOR. Results & Discussion: The 15 most critical APLs in the compromise solution were ranked for four time periods. Network-based KDE gave the best performance, while Local Moran’s I performed the worst. Sensitivity analysis showed that the Psychometric VIKOR provides acceptable stability in the rankings of the APLs. The innovative MCDM approaches allowed the results of several models to be evaluated together. Thus, more reliable APLs were identified. Local governments with limited budgets can determine which APLs should be considered to improve pedestrian safety with the recommended approach and can apply to any study area.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"1 1","pages":"137 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88827158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Predicting pedestrian crash locations in urban India: An integrated GIS-based spatiotemporal HSID technique 预测印度城市行人碰撞位置:基于gis的综合时空HSID技术
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2048759
Md Saddam Hussain, A. Goswami, Ankit Gupta
Abstract Pedestrians are one of the most vulnerable road users globally. Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest among the scientific community to analyze and enhance pedestrians' safety in an environment dominated by motor vehicles. This study proposes a three-step methodology to identify current and future critical pedestrian crash hotspots. Firstly, available multi-year crash data from two cities in India is digitized, and the spatial autocorrelation tool is used to determine the pedestrian crash hotspots. Secondly, space-time cube and emerging hotspot analysis are carried out to predict crash hotspots along urban streets. Finally, Hotspot Identification (HSID) methods, i.e., Equivalent Property Damage Only (EPDO) and Upper-tail Critical Tests are used to rank the road links based on spatio-temporal crash severity leading to the identification of links needing urgent interventions. The proposed three-step integrated methodology is novel and has never been used to simultaneously identify and prioritize the critical pedestrian crash locations as it has been done in the present study. The developed methodology identifies sections of arterial roads—Strand Road and AJC Bose Road in Kolkata and Gota Road in Ahmedabad, as the critical hotspot links that require urgent intervention.
行人是全球最脆弱的道路使用者之一。近年来,科学界对分析和提高行人在机动车主导环境中的安全越来越感兴趣。本研究提出了一个三步方法来识别当前和未来的关键行人碰撞热点。首先,对印度两个城市的多年碰撞数据进行数字化处理,并利用空间自相关工具确定行人碰撞热点。其次,采用时空立方体和新兴热点分析方法预测城市街道沿线的碰撞热点;最后,使用热点识别(HSID)方法,即等效财产损害(EPDO)和上尾临界测试,根据时空碰撞严重程度对道路链路进行排序,从而识别出需要紧急干预的链路。所提出的三步综合方法是新颖的,从未被用于同时识别和优先考虑行人碰撞的关键位置,因为它已经在本研究中完成。开发的方法确定了干线道路的部分路段-加尔各答的strand路和AJC Bose路以及艾哈迈达巴德的Gota路,作为需要紧急干预的关键热点路段。
{"title":"Predicting pedestrian crash locations in urban India: An integrated GIS-based spatiotemporal HSID technique","authors":"Md Saddam Hussain, A. Goswami, Ankit Gupta","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2048759","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2048759","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pedestrians are one of the most vulnerable road users globally. Recent years have witnessed an increasing interest among the scientific community to analyze and enhance pedestrians' safety in an environment dominated by motor vehicles. This study proposes a three-step methodology to identify current and future critical pedestrian crash hotspots. Firstly, available multi-year crash data from two cities in India is digitized, and the spatial autocorrelation tool is used to determine the pedestrian crash hotspots. Secondly, space-time cube and emerging hotspot analysis are carried out to predict crash hotspots along urban streets. Finally, Hotspot Identification (HSID) methods, i.e., Equivalent Property Damage Only (EPDO) and Upper-tail Critical Tests are used to rank the road links based on spatio-temporal crash severity leading to the identification of links needing urgent interventions. The proposed three-step integrated methodology is novel and has never been used to simultaneously identify and prioritize the critical pedestrian crash locations as it has been done in the present study. The developed methodology identifies sections of arterial roads—Strand Road and AJC Bose Road in Kolkata and Gota Road in Ahmedabad, as the critical hotspot links that require urgent intervention.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"46 1","pages":"103 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77888984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Does random slope hierarchical modeling always outperform random intercept counterpart? Accounting for unobserved heterogeneity in a real-time empirical analysis of critical crash occurrence 随机斜率分层模型总是优于随机截距模型吗?在关键事故发生的实时实证分析中考虑未观察到的异质性
IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q3 TRANSPORTATION Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1080/19439962.2022.2048761
Arash Khoda Bakhshi, Mohamed M. Ahmed
Abstract Traffic crashes impose tremendous socio-economic losses on societies. To alleviate these concerns, countless traffic safety researches have shed light on the cognition of observable crash/crash severity contributing factors. Nonetheless, some influential factors might not be observable or measurable, referred to as unobserved heterogeneity, that could be accounted for by structuring random intercepts and slopes in hierarchical models. With this respect, although it is known random slopes can capture more unobserved heterogeneity, most previous studies utilized random intercepts to simplify result interpretations, indicating an inconsistency in the literature considering the hierarchical modeling specification. This study delves into the mentioned confusion within an empirical real-time clustering critical crashes, involving fatal or incapacitating injuries, versus non-critical crashes throughout 402-miles of Interstate-80 in Wyoming. The crash dataset was conflated with real-time traffic-related and environmental contributing factors. Regarding the inclusion of random intercepts and slopes, eleven Logistic regressions were conducted. As a data-dependent matter, results depicted random slopes, compared to random intercepts, do not necessarily enhance models’ out-of-sample predictive performance because they impose much more complexity on the models’ structure. Besides, considering the type of unobserved heterogeneity, if random slopes are required, random intercepts should be accompanied to allow data showing their true patterns.
交通事故给社会造成了巨大的社会经济损失。为了减轻这些担忧,无数的交通安全研究揭示了对可观察到的碰撞/碰撞严重程度影响因素的认知。尽管如此,一些影响因素可能无法观察到或测量,称为未观察到的异质性,这可以通过构建分层模型中的随机截距和斜率来解释。在这方面,尽管已知随机斜率可以捕获更多未观察到的异质性,但大多数先前的研究使用随机截距来简化结果解释,这表明考虑到分层建模规范,文献中存在不一致。这项研究深入研究了在怀俄明州80号州际公路402英里范围内,涉及致命或致残伤害的关键事故与非关键事故的经验实时集群中所提到的混乱。碰撞数据集与实时交通相关和环境因素相结合。关于随机截距和斜率的纳入,进行了11次Logistic回归。作为一个数据依赖的问题,与随机截距相比,描述随机斜率的结果不一定能提高模型的样本外预测性能,因为它们对模型的结构施加了更多的复杂性。此外,考虑到未观测到的异质性类型,如果需要随机斜率,则应伴随着随机截距,以使数据显示其真实模式。
{"title":"Does random slope hierarchical modeling always outperform random intercept counterpart? Accounting for unobserved heterogeneity in a real-time empirical analysis of critical crash occurrence","authors":"Arash Khoda Bakhshi, Mohamed M. Ahmed","doi":"10.1080/19439962.2022.2048761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/19439962.2022.2048761","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Traffic crashes impose tremendous socio-economic losses on societies. To alleviate these concerns, countless traffic safety researches have shed light on the cognition of observable crash/crash severity contributing factors. Nonetheless, some influential factors might not be observable or measurable, referred to as unobserved heterogeneity, that could be accounted for by structuring random intercepts and slopes in hierarchical models. With this respect, although it is known random slopes can capture more unobserved heterogeneity, most previous studies utilized random intercepts to simplify result interpretations, indicating an inconsistency in the literature considering the hierarchical modeling specification. This study delves into the mentioned confusion within an empirical real-time clustering critical crashes, involving fatal or incapacitating injuries, versus non-critical crashes throughout 402-miles of Interstate-80 in Wyoming. The crash dataset was conflated with real-time traffic-related and environmental contributing factors. Regarding the inclusion of random intercepts and slopes, eleven Logistic regressions were conducted. As a data-dependent matter, results depicted random slopes, compared to random intercepts, do not necessarily enhance models’ out-of-sample predictive performance because they impose much more complexity on the models’ structure. Besides, considering the type of unobserved heterogeneity, if random slopes are required, random intercepts should be accompanied to allow data showing their true patterns.","PeriodicalId":46672,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Transportation Safety & Security","volume":"3 1","pages":"177 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85443482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
期刊
Journal of Transportation Safety & Security
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1