The self is, at least partially, grounded in bodily processing. In particular, processing the physiological state of the body (i.e., interoception) plays a key role in self-consciousness and the first-person experience. The present study examined cultural differences in interoceptive processing. We focused on a behavioral measure of cardiac processing, which was assessed using a heartbeat-counting task; namely, interoceptive accuracy (IAcc). Study 1 compared IAcc scores that were previously collected in Japan and the United Kingdom and found no statistically significant differences between the cultures. Study 2 was conducted in a more elaborate manner; that is, we collected new data on IAcc from Japanese students using better-adapted task instructions, as well as possible confounds that influence IAcc (i.e., time estimation, knowledge of heart rate, and actual heart rate). We compared these data with those collected from Belgian students and found that the Japanese participants detected heartbeats more accurately than did the Europeans. The results are discussed from the perspective of cultural differences in objective self-awareness, and a self-flexibility and a bodily precision account of IAcc.
{"title":"Cultural Differences in Interoceptive Accuracy: Comparison Between Japan and Europe1","authors":"Sakina Ubukata, Katsumi Watanabe, Tomoko Isomura","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12468","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The self is, at least partially, grounded in bodily processing. In particular, processing the physiological state of the body (i.e., interoception) plays a key role in self-consciousness and the first-person experience. The present study examined cultural differences in interoceptive processing. We focused on a behavioral measure of cardiac processing, which was assessed using a heartbeat-counting task; namely, interoceptive accuracy (IAcc). Study 1 compared IAcc scores that were previously collected in Japan and the United Kingdom and found no statistically significant differences between the cultures. Study 2 was conducted in a more elaborate manner; that is, we collected new data on IAcc from Japanese students using better-adapted task instructions, as well as possible confounds that influence IAcc (i.e., time estimation, knowledge of heart rate, and actual heart rate). We compared these data with those collected from Belgian students and found that the Japanese participants detected heartbeats more accurately than did the Europeans. The results are discussed from the perspective of cultural differences in objective self-awareness, and a self-flexibility and a bodily precision account of IAcc.</p>","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"65 4","pages":"294-309"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jpr.12468","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50147852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gossip promotes prosocial behavior via reputational concern. However, the relative effectiveness of positive and negative gossip has been understudied. I examined to what extent positive and negative gossip promoted prosocial behavior when a potential consequence of gossip was positively framed (a third party offering a financial bonus) and negatively framed (a third party deducting a bonus). I found that gossip, irrespective of its valence, promoted generosity via reputational concern in both contexts. Yet, analyses suggested that positive gossip may have a stronger effect in promoting prosociality. The findings, together with previous findings, call for further investigation of the relationship between the effectiveness of positive and negative gossip in promoting prosociality and types of reputational consequences.
{"title":"The Relative Effectiveness of Positive and Negative Gossip in Promoting Prosocial Giving: The Examination of the Valence of Gossip Content and Reputational Consequences","authors":"Hirotaka Imada","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12473","url":null,"abstract":"Gossip promotes prosocial behavior via reputational concern. However, the relative effectiveness of positive and negative gossip has been understudied. I examined to what extent positive and negative gossip promoted prosocial behavior when a potential consequence of gossip was positively framed (a third party offering a financial bonus) and negatively framed (a third party deducting a bonus). I found that gossip, irrespective of its valence, promoted generosity via reputational concern in both contexts. Yet, analyses suggested that positive gossip may have a stronger effect in promoting prosociality. The findings, together with previous findings, call for further investigation of the relationship between the effectiveness of positive and negative gossip in promoting prosociality and types of reputational consequences.","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83205548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We investigated whether stimulus‐processing in sensory or semantic memory influenced affective responses after repeated exposures. This entailed exploring whether activating sensory memory by comparing odor strength during exposure (Experiments 1 and 3) or activating semantic memory by naming the odor during exposure (Experiments 2 and 4) changed affective responses to the odor. Generally pleasant or generally unpleasant odors were presented to participants 40 times (Experiments 1 and 2) or 10 times (Experiments 3 and 4), and their liking for the odor was rated before and after the exposure. Results indicated that affective responses to odors became neutral after 40 exposures, regardless of processing the odor in sensory or semantic memory during the exposure. The liking score changed only for likable odors after 10 exposures, when the odor was processed in sensory memory (bottom‐up processing) during the exposure. These findings suggest that affective responses change through repeated exposure, regardless of the type of stimulus processing. However, the repeated exposure effect differed based on the stimulus‐processing type during the exposure, when the number of exposures was limited.
{"title":"Repeated Exposure Effect on the Likeability of Odors Depends on the Exposure Time and Stimulus‐Processing During Exposure","authors":"M. Ogawa, S. Ayabe‐Kanamura","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12471","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated whether stimulus‐processing in sensory or semantic memory influenced affective responses after repeated exposures. This entailed exploring whether activating sensory memory by comparing odor strength during exposure (Experiments 1 and 3) or activating semantic memory by naming the odor during exposure (Experiments 2 and 4) changed affective responses to the odor. Generally pleasant or generally unpleasant odors were presented to participants 40 times (Experiments 1 and 2) or 10 times (Experiments 3 and 4), and their liking for the odor was rated before and after the exposure. Results indicated that affective responses to odors became neutral after 40 exposures, regardless of processing the odor in sensory or semantic memory during the exposure. The liking score changed only for likable odors after 10 exposures, when the odor was processed in sensory memory (bottom‐up processing) during the exposure. These findings suggest that affective responses change through repeated exposure, regardless of the type of stimulus processing. However, the repeated exposure effect differed based on the stimulus‐processing type during the exposure, when the number of exposures was limited.","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76024247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Social relationships are highly salient for problem gambling. This study investigated the effect of others' presence or cooperation with others on risky gambling behavior among healthy undergraduate students. Based on the findings that individual differences moderate the social facilitation effect and team performance, we also focused on personality traits. A total of 36 participants completed the Game of Dice Task (GDT) in three conditions, within a crossover design: the sole condition (each participant conducted the GDT individually), the parallel condition (each participant conducted the GDT in parallel with another participant), and the cooperation condition (participants conducted the GDT at the same time and were told to consult with each other). Before the experiment, all participants completed the NEO Five Factor Inventory. The results showed no significant differences among the sole, parallel, and cooperation conditions in terms of risky gambling behavior. However, safer gambling behavior in the cooperation condition was significantly and positively correlated with conscientiousness. These findings suggest that a new harm‐reduction strategy focusing on cooperation with others while gambling could be developed.
{"title":"Does Cooperation with Others Reduce Risky Gambling Behavior?1","authors":"Takuhiro Takada, Masanori Kono, K. Yokomitsu","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12475","url":null,"abstract":"Social relationships are highly salient for problem gambling. This study investigated the effect of others' presence or cooperation with others on risky gambling behavior among healthy undergraduate students. Based on the findings that individual differences moderate the social facilitation effect and team performance, we also focused on personality traits. A total of 36 participants completed the Game of Dice Task (GDT) in three conditions, within a crossover design: the sole condition (each participant conducted the GDT individually), the parallel condition (each participant conducted the GDT in parallel with another participant), and the cooperation condition (participants conducted the GDT at the same time and were told to consult with each other). Before the experiment, all participants completed the NEO Five Factor Inventory. The results showed no significant differences among the sole, parallel, and cooperation conditions in terms of risky gambling behavior. However, safer gambling behavior in the cooperation condition was significantly and positively correlated with conscientiousness. These findings suggest that a new harm‐reduction strategy focusing on cooperation with others while gambling could be developed.","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80807743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Nagai, M. Kimura, M. Honda, Toshiharu Iida, Haruhisa Mizuno
{"title":"Gender Differences in Help‐Seeking: A Meta‐analysis of Japanese Studies, Including Unreported Data1","authors":"S. Nagai, M. Kimura, M. Honda, Toshiharu Iida, Haruhisa Mizuno","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12467","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86682199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I-Ting Huai-Ching Liu, Y. Uchida, Erina Joo, Fumika Mano-Usui, M. Okura, Y. Chishima, K. Ikeda, Nobuya Inagaki
{"title":"Psychosocial Factors Associated with Well‐Being and HbA1c of People with Diabetes in Japan: A Structural Equation Model1","authors":"I-Ting Huai-Ching Liu, Y. Uchida, Erina Joo, Fumika Mano-Usui, M. Okura, Y. Chishima, K. Ikeda, Nobuya Inagaki","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12464","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75722576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daichi Sugawara, M. Mizuno, S. Tani, K. Fukiya, Jun Sato
{"title":"Relationship Between Self‐Compassion and Turnover Intention Among Early Career Nurses in Japan1","authors":"Daichi Sugawara, M. Mizuno, S. Tani, K. Fukiya, Jun Sato","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12462","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"175 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75490617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tomoko Matsui, K. Hirai, Masako Shokoji, Miwa Nagatsuka, Madoka Tokuyama
{"title":"Changes in Social Relationships after Participation in a Group Intervention for Japanese Patients with Cancer: A Qualitative Study1","authors":"Tomoko Matsui, K. Hirai, Masako Shokoji, Miwa Nagatsuka, Madoka Tokuyama","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12458","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"33 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72611468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. E. Prasetio, Vanessa Maudy Putri, Agnes Sianipar
{"title":"The Moderating Role of Inhibition on Irrelevant Emotional Information in the Relation of Cognitive Reappraisal and Affect Balance: Evidence from a Negative Affective Priming Task","authors":"C. E. Prasetio, Vanessa Maudy Putri, Agnes Sianipar","doi":"10.1111/jpr.12465","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jpr.12465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46699,"journal":{"name":"Japanese Psychological Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76293734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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