Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5272899
E. Assad, M. Calmon, M. Lopes-Assad, Rafael Feltran-Barbieri, J. Pompeu, L. Domingues, C. Nobre
ABSTRACT Losses in agricultural production, mainly caused by extreme temperature, rainfall and drought, have demanded the adaptation of the Brazilian agriculture to the ongoing climate change. This study aimed to evaluate, through an integrative review, the effects of agricultural practices established by two Brazilian public policies (ABC Plan and Planaveg) on the resilience and adaptation of the country’s agricultural systems, considering the effects on local climate and extreme events. All the Embrapa library collections were used as main sources, and the Google Scholar was used as a secondary source. The search included publications from 1998 to April 2022 and resulted in 334 data, extracted from 51 references, covering at least one factor and one practice. The review showed that the proposed practices may contribute to the resilience and adaptation of the Brazilian agricultural and forestry sectors to climate change in the main production regions. Studies have indicated that the incorporation of the arboreal component into production systems may provide an environment more resilient to droughts, increased air humidity, reduced temperature impact and reduced fire risks, among other benefits. The adoption of the ABC Plan and Planaveg practices by the agricultural sector is an option feasible, strategic and well-aligned with a low-carbon economy, while it increases the resilience to present and future climate change impacts.
{"title":"Adaptation and resilience of agricultural systems to local climate change and extreme events: an integrative review","authors":"E. Assad, M. Calmon, M. Lopes-Assad, Rafael Feltran-Barbieri, J. Pompeu, L. Domingues, C. Nobre","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5272899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272899","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Losses in agricultural production, mainly caused by extreme temperature, rainfall and drought, have demanded the adaptation of the Brazilian agriculture to the ongoing climate change. This study aimed to evaluate, through an integrative review, the effects of agricultural practices established by two Brazilian public policies (ABC Plan and Planaveg) on the resilience and adaptation of the country’s agricultural systems, considering the effects on local climate and extreme events. All the Embrapa library collections were used as main sources, and the Google Scholar was used as a secondary source. The search included publications from 1998 to April 2022 and resulted in 334 data, extracted from 51 references, covering at least one factor and one practice. The review showed that the proposed practices may contribute to the resilience and adaptation of the Brazilian agricultural and forestry sectors to climate change in the main production regions. Studies have indicated that the incorporation of the arboreal component into production systems may provide an environment more resilient to droughts, increased air humidity, reduced temperature impact and reduced fire risks, among other benefits. The adoption of the ABC Plan and Planaveg practices by the agricultural sector is an option feasible, strategic and well-aligned with a low-carbon economy, while it increases the resilience to present and future climate change impacts.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5272687
B. P. D. Silva, T. E. Masetto, L. C. F. D. Souza
ABSTRACT Sunn hemp (Crotalaria spectabilis) is widely used for soil correction and cover, but it is still necessary to know the characteristics that influence the storage of its seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of sunn hemp seeds under uncontrolled environmental conditions and in acclimatization chamber. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with four replicates, in subplots evaluated in different periods. Freshly harvested seeds and seeds at 90, 180 and 270 days of storage were evaluated for germination, first germination count, germination speed index, seedling emergence in the field, accelerated aging, cold test and seedling growth. The environment and storage time significantly influenced the seed germination and vigor. The seeds showed a high physiological performance for both the environmental conditions, maintaining the ability to produce normal seedlings up to approximately 150 days of storage, deteriorating afterwards, although without losing their germination capacity up to 270 days of storage.
{"title":"Changes in the physiological potential of sunn hemp seeds during storage","authors":"B. P. D. Silva, T. E. Masetto, L. C. F. D. Souza","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5272687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272687","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Sunn hemp (Crotalaria spectabilis) is widely used for soil correction and cover, but it is still necessary to know the characteristics that influence the storage of its seeds. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of sunn hemp seeds under uncontrolled environmental conditions and in acclimatization chamber. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with four replicates, in subplots evaluated in different periods. Freshly harvested seeds and seeds at 90, 180 and 270 days of storage were evaluated for germination, first germination count, germination speed index, seedling emergence in the field, accelerated aging, cold test and seedling growth. The environment and storage time significantly influenced the seed germination and vigor. The seeds showed a high physiological performance for both the environmental conditions, maintaining the ability to produce normal seedlings up to approximately 150 days of storage, deteriorating afterwards, although without losing their germination capacity up to 270 days of storage.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5272755
C. E. S. Oliveira, A. Jalal, Julia Revolti Oliveira, Karen Vicentini Tamburi, M. C. T. Teixeira Filho
ABSTRACT Using beneficial fungi and bacteria to plant growth may reduce the leaf nitrate content and improve the quality of produced food. This study aimed to evaluate the isolated and combined effect of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and Trichoderma hazianum at two electrical conductivities on the nutrition and production of hydroponic arugula cultivation. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with five replications. The treatments consisted of inoculations (non-inoculated, A. brasilense, T. harzianum and co-inoculation) and two electrical conductivities (1.4 and 1.6 dS m-1). The isolated inoculation of T. harzianum and A. brasilense produced a higher root fresh mass, while the leaf chlorophyll index was higher with the inoculation of A. brasilense, concerning the other treatments. The inoculation of A. brasilense reduced the nitrate content in the arugula leaves. The inoculations and co-inoculation of A. brasilense and T. harzianum improved the yield components and plant nutrition, reduced the leaf nitrate content and promoted the biofortification of arugula leaves with Zn and Fe. In addition, the inoculation with T. harzianum increased the P and S leaf content.
{"title":"Leaf inoculation of Azospirillum brasilense and Trichoderma harzianum in hydroponic arugula improve productive components and plant nutrition and reduce leaf nitrate","authors":"C. E. S. Oliveira, A. Jalal, Julia Revolti Oliveira, Karen Vicentini Tamburi, M. C. T. Teixeira Filho","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5272755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272755","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using beneficial fungi and bacteria to plant growth may reduce the leaf nitrate content and improve the quality of produced food. This study aimed to evaluate the isolated and combined effect of inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense and Trichoderma hazianum at two electrical conductivities on the nutrition and production of hydroponic arugula cultivation. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks, in a 4 x 2 factorial scheme, with five replications. The treatments consisted of inoculations (non-inoculated, A. brasilense, T. harzianum and co-inoculation) and two electrical conductivities (1.4 and 1.6 dS m-1). The isolated inoculation of T. harzianum and A. brasilense produced a higher root fresh mass, while the leaf chlorophyll index was higher with the inoculation of A. brasilense, concerning the other treatments. The inoculation of A. brasilense reduced the nitrate content in the arugula leaves. The inoculations and co-inoculation of A. brasilense and T. harzianum improved the yield components and plant nutrition, reduced the leaf nitrate content and promoted the biofortification of arugula leaves with Zn and Fe. In addition, the inoculation with T. harzianum increased the P and S leaf content.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5273631
João Paulo da Silva, Raissa Rachel Salustriano da Silva-Matos, Larissa Macelle de Paulo Barbosa, Romário Martins Costa, S. S. Matos, M. F. Araújo
ABSTRACT Owing to the high prices of agricultural inputs, it is necessary to seek alternatives that minimize costs during the seedling production stage, such as the use of agro-industrial residues to formulate substrates and the application of humic substances to increase the availability of nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings in substrates based on carnauba bagana under increasing doses of humic substances. The design was completely randomized, in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, referring to three substrates formulated with carnauba bagana (0, 50 and 100 %) plus soil and four doses of humic substances (0, 12.5, 25 and 50 g L-1). The use of carnauba bagana in the substrate increased the leaf area, plant height, stem diameter, root length, root volume, shoot and root dry mass, and improved the seedlings quality. The application of humic substances to the substrate did not stimulate the seedlings development.
由于农业投入品价格高昂，有必要在苗木生产阶段寻求成本最低的替代品，如利用农用工业残留物配制基质和施用腐殖质物质以增加养分的可用性。本研究旨在研究在增加腐殖质物质剂量的情况下，以巴西棕榈为基质的黄色百香果幼苗的产量。设计采用完全随机、3 × 4因子方案，采用巴西棕榈(0,50和100%)加土壤和4种剂量的腐殖质物质(0,12.5,25和50 g L-1)配制3种基质。在基质中施用巴西棕榈可增加植株叶面积、株高、茎粗、根长、根体积、茎干质量和根干质量，提高幼苗质量。在基质上施用腐殖质物质对幼苗发育没有促进作用。
{"title":"Carnauba bagana substrate and application of humic substances on the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings","authors":"João Paulo da Silva, Raissa Rachel Salustriano da Silva-Matos, Larissa Macelle de Paulo Barbosa, Romário Martins Costa, S. S. Matos, M. F. Araújo","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5273631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5273631","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Owing to the high prices of agricultural inputs, it is necessary to seek alternatives that minimize costs during the seedling production stage, such as the use of agro-industrial residues to formulate substrates and the application of humic substances to increase the availability of nutrients. This study aimed to evaluate the production of yellow passion fruit seedlings in substrates based on carnauba bagana under increasing doses of humic substances. The design was completely randomized, in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme, referring to three substrates formulated with carnauba bagana (0, 50 and 100 %) plus soil and four doses of humic substances (0, 12.5, 25 and 50 g L-1). The use of carnauba bagana in the substrate increased the leaf area, plant height, stem diameter, root length, root volume, shoot and root dry mass, and improved the seedlings quality. The application of humic substances to the substrate did not stimulate the seedlings development.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5272850
Letícia Ferreira Vieira, J. W. Silva, M. R. Nascimento, P. Santos, Danilo Força Baroni
ABSTRACT Path analysis is a methodology able of splitting the correlation coefficients into direct and indirect effects, helping the breeder in the study of quantitative traits. This study aimed to use path analysis to quantify such effects on the yield of theoretical ethanol, exerted by the variables total and culm dry matter yield, soluble solids content at harvest and efficiency of broth extraction, and on culm yield, by the agronomic variables average plant height at harvest, number of days until flowering, green matter yield and percentage of culms in the green matter yield. The soluble solids content variable presented the greatest total (0.8844) and direct (0.5969) effects on the yield of theoretical ethanol, indicating a great dependence of the main variable by the explanatory variable. The largest indirect effect was via culm yield (0.2820). The four variables considered as dependent (average plant height, number of days until flowering, percentage of culms in the yield of green matter and green matter yield) showed positive values for the total effect on culm yield. The largest direct effect (0.8010) was exerted by the green matter yield.
{"title":"Path analysis in the evaluation of ethanol and culm yield components in sweet sorghum","authors":"Letícia Ferreira Vieira, J. W. Silva, M. R. Nascimento, P. Santos, Danilo Força Baroni","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5272850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272850","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Path analysis is a methodology able of splitting the correlation coefficients into direct and indirect effects, helping the breeder in the study of quantitative traits. This study aimed to use path analysis to quantify such effects on the yield of theoretical ethanol, exerted by the variables total and culm dry matter yield, soluble solids content at harvest and efficiency of broth extraction, and on culm yield, by the agronomic variables average plant height at harvest, number of days until flowering, green matter yield and percentage of culms in the green matter yield. The soluble solids content variable presented the greatest total (0.8844) and direct (0.5969) effects on the yield of theoretical ethanol, indicating a great dependence of the main variable by the explanatory variable. The largest indirect effect was via culm yield (0.2820). The four variables considered as dependent (average plant height, number of days until flowering, percentage of culms in the yield of green matter and green matter yield) showed positive values for the total effect on culm yield. The largest direct effect (0.8010) was exerted by the green matter yield.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"272 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5270483
E. Z. Godinho, F. L. Caneppele
ABSTRACT Renewable energies have been occupying more and more space in energy matrices worldwide, and lignocellulosic biomasses are promising for these energy sources. This study aimed to develop a fuzzy model to optimize the ferrous sulfate concentration and temperature in the pre-treatment of elephant grass. Five concentrations (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mM) and three temperatures (25, 40 and 55 ºC) were used as input. The application of the fuzzy model evidenced that the best results for cellulose exposure (53.1 %) were achieved by using a ferrous sulfate concentration between 20 and 22.5 mM and temperature between 39.5 and 42.5 ºC.
{"title":"Fuzzy system in a ferrous sulfate pre-treatment of elephant grass","authors":"E. Z. Godinho, F. L. Caneppele","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5270483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5270483","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Renewable energies have been occupying more and more space in energy matrices worldwide, and lignocellulosic biomasses are promising for these energy sources. This study aimed to develop a fuzzy model to optimize the ferrous sulfate concentration and temperature in the pre-treatment of elephant grass. Five concentrations (10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 mM) and three temperatures (25, 40 and 55 ºC) were used as input. The application of the fuzzy model evidenced that the best results for cellulose exposure (53.1 %) were achieved by using a ferrous sulfate concentration between 20 and 22.5 mM and temperature between 39.5 and 42.5 ºC.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67250745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5270577
Antonio Maricélio Borges de Souza, Larissa Benetasso Chioda, Kássia Barros Ferreira, G. R. Vieira, T. Campos, K. F. L. Pivetta
ABSTRACT Substrate composition is a major factor influencing seedling quality. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of biosolid as a substrate component in the initial growth of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments, five replicates and seven plants per plot. The treatments consisted of substrates resulting from the mixture of subsoil (SS) and biosolid (BIO) at different proportions: 100 % SS; 20 % BIO + 80 % SS; 40 % BIO + 60 % SS; 60 % BIO + 40 % SS; 80 % BIO + 20 % SS; 100 % BIO. The seedling quality and morphological characteristics were evaluated. There was an increase up to the proportion of 60 % of biosolid for shoot height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, total chlorophyll content, root length, shoot dry matter and Dickson’s quality index. For the root and total dry matter, increases occurred up to the proportion of 40 % of biosolid. Therefore, the use of biosolid in the proportions of 40 and 60 % in the substrate composition proved to be efficient, as they promoted a satisfactory initial growth (all seedlings presented shoot height between 30 and 40 cm and stem diameter of 5 mm) and quality of the evaluated seedlings.
基质组成是影响幼苗品质的主要因素。本研究旨在评价生物固体作为底物组分在洋蓟(Syagrus romanzoffiana, Cham)初始生长中的潜力。格拉斯曼幼苗。试验设计完全随机化，6个处理，5个重复，每亩7株。处理由不同比例的底土(SS)和生物固体(BIO)混合而成的基质组成:100% SS;20% bio + 80% ss;40% bio + 60% ss;60% bio + 40% ss;80% bio + 20% ss;100%生物。对幼苗品质和形态特征进行了评价。茎高、茎粗、叶数、叶面积、总叶绿素含量、根长、茎干物质和迪克森品质指数的生物固体添加比例增加到60%以上。对于根和总干物质，生物固体的比例增加到40%。因此，在基质组成中使用比例为40%和60%的生物固体被证明是有效的，因为它们促进了令人满意的初始生长(所有幼苗的苗高在30至40 cm之间，茎粗为5 mm)和评估幼苗的质量。
{"title":"Initial growth of Syagrus romanzoffiana seedlings in biosolid-based substrate1","authors":"Antonio Maricélio Borges de Souza, Larissa Benetasso Chioda, Kássia Barros Ferreira, G. R. Vieira, T. Campos, K. F. L. Pivetta","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5270577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5270577","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Substrate composition is a major factor influencing seedling quality. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of biosolid as a substrate component in the initial growth of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Cham.) Glassman seedlings. The experimental design was completely randomized, with six treatments, five replicates and seven plants per plot. The treatments consisted of substrates resulting from the mixture of subsoil (SS) and biosolid (BIO) at different proportions: 100 % SS; 20 % BIO + 80 % SS; 40 % BIO + 60 % SS; 60 % BIO + 40 % SS; 80 % BIO + 20 % SS; 100 % BIO. The seedling quality and morphological characteristics were evaluated. There was an increase up to the proportion of 60 % of biosolid for shoot height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf area, total chlorophyll content, root length, shoot dry matter and Dickson’s quality index. For the root and total dry matter, increases occurred up to the proportion of 40 % of biosolid. Therefore, the use of biosolid in the proportions of 40 and 60 % in the substrate composition proved to be efficient, as they promoted a satisfactory initial growth (all seedlings presented shoot height between 30 and 40 cm and stem diameter of 5 mm) and quality of the evaluated seedlings.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67250928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5271797
O. C. Bortolotto, A. Bueno, G. V. Silva, Bruna Teixeira Baixo
ABSTRACT The tobacco budworm Chloridea (Heliothis) virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has been recently reported in corn crops. However, there is no information regarding the biology of this species feeding on corn cobs. Additionally, the relationship between temperature and tobacco budworm feeding habits is important to project the adaptation of the insect in corn crops at different times and regions. This study aimed to investigate the development of C. virescens feeding on corn cobs, under controlled laboratory conditions, at three temperatures (25 ± 1 ºC, 28 ± 1 ºC and 31 ± 1 ºC). Although adult budworms were observed at all temperatures, the larval development period was reduced at 31 ± 1 ºC, resulting in a lower grain consumption. On the other hand, biological parameters such as larval and pupal viability, pupal weight and sex ratio did not vary with temperature. During the adult stage, a similar fecundity was recorded at all temperatures; however, the egg viability was zero. The optimal temperature for the C. virescens development was between 25 ± 1 ºC and 28 ± 1 ºC. The temperature of 31 ± 1 ºC affects the eggs development, preventing the next generation of tobacco budworms.
{"title":"Biological parameters of tobacco budworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) reared on corn cobs at different temperatures","authors":"O. C. Bortolotto, A. Bueno, G. V. Silva, Bruna Teixeira Baixo","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5271797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5271797","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The tobacco budworm Chloridea (Heliothis) virescens (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has been recently reported in corn crops. However, there is no information regarding the biology of this species feeding on corn cobs. Additionally, the relationship between temperature and tobacco budworm feeding habits is important to project the adaptation of the insect in corn crops at different times and regions. This study aimed to investigate the development of C. virescens feeding on corn cobs, under controlled laboratory conditions, at three temperatures (25 ± 1 ºC, 28 ± 1 ºC and 31 ± 1 ºC). Although adult budworms were observed at all temperatures, the larval development period was reduced at 31 ± 1 ºC, resulting in a lower grain consumption. On the other hand, biological parameters such as larval and pupal viability, pupal weight and sex ratio did not vary with temperature. During the adult stage, a similar fecundity was recorded at all temperatures; however, the egg viability was zero. The optimal temperature for the C. virescens development was between 25 ± 1 ºC and 28 ± 1 ºC. The temperature of 31 ± 1 ºC affects the eggs development, preventing the next generation of tobacco budworms.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5272674
B. P. D. Silva, T. E. Masetto, R. A. Garcia, Mariana Zampar Toledo
ABSTRACT Crotalaria crops have important uses, such as in green manuring, nematode control, biological nitrogen fixation and sugarcane reform in Savanna areas. Due to its strategic importance, knowledge about crotalaria seed production technology is a relevant factor to ensure the availability of high physiological quality seeds. This study aimed to assess the effect of two row spacings (20 and 40 cm) on the germination and vigor of Crotalaria ochroleuca and Crotalaria spectabilis seeds produced in two crop seasons (2018 and 2019). The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four replications, in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (spacing x crop season), for each species. The climatic conditions during seed production significantly infuenced the physiological quality of the crotalaria seeds. The 2018 harvest, with more abundant rainfall and milder temperatures during flowering, provided more vigorous seeds for both species. The 20 cm spacing was more efficient to produce C. ochroleuca seeds with high physiological performance. Notwithstanding, C. spectabilis seeds showed a higher physiological quality when produced under 40 cm spacing than when produced under denser cultivation.
{"title":"Row spacing and seed physiological quality of Crotalaria species","authors":"B. P. D. Silva, T. E. Masetto, R. A. Garcia, Mariana Zampar Toledo","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5272674","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5272674","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Crotalaria crops have important uses, such as in green manuring, nematode control, biological nitrogen fixation and sugarcane reform in Savanna areas. Due to its strategic importance, knowledge about crotalaria seed production technology is a relevant factor to ensure the availability of high physiological quality seeds. This study aimed to assess the effect of two row spacings (20 and 40 cm) on the germination and vigor of Crotalaria ochroleuca and Crotalaria spectabilis seeds produced in two crop seasons (2018 and 2019). The experimental design was randomized blocks, with four replications, in a 2 x 2 factorial scheme (spacing x crop season), for each species. The climatic conditions during seed production significantly infuenced the physiological quality of the crotalaria seeds. The 2018 harvest, with more abundant rainfall and milder temperatures during flowering, provided more vigorous seeds for both species. The 20 cm spacing was more efficient to produce C. ochroleuca seeds with high physiological performance. Notwithstanding, C. spectabilis seeds showed a higher physiological quality when produced under 40 cm spacing than when produced under denser cultivation.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632022v5273558
M. A. Silva, D. R. C. Cruz, L. Frasca, M. Filippi, A. Ferreira, A. Nascente
ABSTRACT Soybean inoculation and co-inoculation with multifunctional rhizobacteria is a sustainable alternative that may contribute to plant growth and increased agricultural production, making the product more competitive, as well as reducing costs for the producer. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation and co-inoculation with multifunctional Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. rhizobacteria on the early development of soybean. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with four treatments and ten replicates, totaling 40 experimental plots. The treatments consisted of the microbiolization of soybean seeds and a control treatment: BRM 32114 (Serratia sp.) isolate; BRM 63573 (Bacillus sp.) isolate (formerly named 1301); co-inoculation with BRM 32114 + BRM 63573; and control (without microbiolization). BRM 32114 and BRM 63753, both isolated and combined, were eficient to improve the initial development of soybean seedlings, providing significant effects for most of the analyzed variables (length, total surface, root volume and root, shoot and total biomass), when compared to the control treatment.
{"title":"Inoculation and co-inoculation with multifunctional rhizobacteria for the initial development of soybean","authors":"M. A. Silva, D. R. C. Cruz, L. Frasca, M. Filippi, A. Ferreira, A. Nascente","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632022v5273558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632022v5273558","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Soybean inoculation and co-inoculation with multifunctional rhizobacteria is a sustainable alternative that may contribute to plant growth and increased agricultural production, making the product more competitive, as well as reducing costs for the producer. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculation and co-inoculation with multifunctional Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. rhizobacteria on the early development of soybean. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with four treatments and ten replicates, totaling 40 experimental plots. The treatments consisted of the microbiolization of soybean seeds and a control treatment: BRM 32114 (Serratia sp.) isolate; BRM 63573 (Bacillus sp.) isolate (formerly named 1301); co-inoculation with BRM 32114 + BRM 63573; and control (without microbiolization). BRM 32114 and BRM 63753, both isolated and combined, were eficient to improve the initial development of soybean seedlings, providing significant effects for most of the analyzed variables (length, total surface, root volume and root, shoot and total biomass), when compared to the control treatment.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67251861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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