Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632023v5375987
Nilton César de Souza, Regina Lúcia Félix Ferreira, Bárbara Barbosa Mota, Márcio Chaves da Silva
ABSTRACT Seedling production is one of the most important stages of plant cultivation, with quality mainly depending on the substrate and plant material used. This study aimed to evaluate the production of Pereskia aculeata seedlings combining substrates and cutting diameters. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement, corresponding to five substrate combinations (commercial, kapok, palm, commercial + kapok and commercial + palm) and three cutting diameter ranges (0.5-3.0, 3.1-5.5 and 5.6-8.0 mm). The following parameters were evaluated: plant height, leaf length and width, number of shoots and leaves, root length, shoot and root fresh mass, shoot and root dry mass, total fresh and dry mass and Dickson quality index. There was a significant interaction effect between substrates and cutting diameters on the seedlings formed, except for number of shoots, leaf length and root dry mass. Seedlings of higher quality can be achieved with larger cutting diameters combined with commercial substrate. The palm and kapok substrates can be used alternatively when combined with larger cutting diameters.
{"title":"Production of Pereskia aculeata seedlings combining substrates and cutting diameters","authors":"Nilton César de Souza, Regina Lúcia Félix Ferreira, Bárbara Barbosa Mota, Márcio Chaves da Silva","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5375987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5375987","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Seedling production is one of the most important stages of plant cultivation, with quality mainly depending on the substrate and plant material used. This study aimed to evaluate the production of Pereskia aculeata seedlings combining substrates and cutting diameters. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement, corresponding to five substrate combinations (commercial, kapok, palm, commercial + kapok and commercial + palm) and three cutting diameter ranges (0.5-3.0, 3.1-5.5 and 5.6-8.0 mm). The following parameters were evaluated: plant height, leaf length and width, number of shoots and leaves, root length, shoot and root fresh mass, shoot and root dry mass, total fresh and dry mass and Dickson quality index. There was a significant interaction effect between substrates and cutting diameters on the seedlings formed, except for number of shoots, leaf length and root dry mass. Seedlings of higher quality can be achieved with larger cutting diameters combined with commercial substrate. The palm and kapok substrates can be used alternatively when combined with larger cutting diameters.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135102013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632023v5376287
Roger Ventura Oliveira, Adalberto Hipólito de Sousa, Gabriela da Silva Tamwing, Bárbara Barbosa Mota, Márcio Chaves da Silva
ABSTRACT Researches on the use of essential oil of Piper aduncum L. (EOPA) as a synergist in stored grain pests are still incipient. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of deltamethrin and EOPA, as well as to study the effect of the binary mixture of EOPA + deltamethrin, on five Sitophilus zeamais Brazilian populations. The toxicity was investigated based on concentration-mortality data from deltamethrin and EOPA in thirteen S. zeamais populations. The standard susceptibility population of ¼ LC20 was used with the deltamethrin combinations to generate lethal concentrations capable of causing 50 and 95 % of mortality (LC50 and LC95). A binary mixture of EOPA x deltamethrin was also tested in five S. zeamais populations to detect the synergistic effect with the deltamethrin. The concentration-mortality curves were generated, and the residual toxicity values after 24 h of exposure ranged 0.003-0.08 µL cm-2 for deltamethrin, 0.04-2.038 µL cm-2 for EOPA and 0.0016-0.014 µL cm-2 for the binary mixture. The S. zeamais populations showed an uneven toxicity in response to the deltamethrin. The Jacarezinho (Paraná state) population showed resistance, with toxicity ratios for LC50 increasing by 3.06 and 4.13 times, when compared to susceptible populations, for EOPA and deltamethrin, respectively. The Barbacena (Minas Gerais state) population was considered as the susceptibility standard in the EOPA toxicity bioassays. The binary mixture suppressed the resistance mechanism of the tested S. zeamais populations due to the synergistic action of the bioinsecticide with the deltamethrin.
{"title":"Toxicity and synergism of the essential oil of Piper aduncum L. in populations of Sitophilus zeamais (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)1","authors":"Roger Ventura Oliveira, Adalberto Hipólito de Sousa, Gabriela da Silva Tamwing, Bárbara Barbosa Mota, Márcio Chaves da Silva","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5376287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5376287","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Researches on the use of essential oil of Piper aduncum L. (EOPA) as a synergist in stored grain pests are still incipient. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of deltamethrin and EOPA, as well as to study the effect of the binary mixture of EOPA + deltamethrin, on five Sitophilus zeamais Brazilian populations. The toxicity was investigated based on concentration-mortality data from deltamethrin and EOPA in thirteen S. zeamais populations. The standard susceptibility population of ¼ LC20 was used with the deltamethrin combinations to generate lethal concentrations capable of causing 50 and 95 % of mortality (LC50 and LC95). A binary mixture of EOPA x deltamethrin was also tested in five S. zeamais populations to detect the synergistic effect with the deltamethrin. The concentration-mortality curves were generated, and the residual toxicity values after 24 h of exposure ranged 0.003-0.08 µL cm-2 for deltamethrin, 0.04-2.038 µL cm-2 for EOPA and 0.0016-0.014 µL cm-2 for the binary mixture. The S. zeamais populations showed an uneven toxicity in response to the deltamethrin. The Jacarezinho (Paraná state) population showed resistance, with toxicity ratios for LC50 increasing by 3.06 and 4.13 times, when compared to susceptible populations, for EOPA and deltamethrin, respectively. The Barbacena (Minas Gerais state) population was considered as the susceptibility standard in the EOPA toxicity bioassays. The binary mixture suppressed the resistance mechanism of the tested S. zeamais populations due to the synergistic action of the bioinsecticide with the deltamethrin.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632023v5375967
Josefa Grasiela Silva Santana, João Esdras Calaça Farias, Rogério Figueiredo Daher, Moisés Ambrósio, Cleudiane Lopes Leite, Ana kesia Faria Vidal, Maxwel Rodrigues Nascimento, Alexandre Gomes de Souza
ABSTRACT One of the challenges of the energy sector is the identification of renewable resources with less impact on the environment and that are economically viable. This study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity of eleven full-sib families of elephant grass, using quantitative traits associated with bioenergy production. The trial followed a randomized blocks design, with four replications and each plot (family) consisting of five plants, totaling 220 genotypes. Five quantitative traits were measured: dry matter yield, dry matter percentage, plant height, stem diameter and number of tillers. The genetic diversity was estimated using multivariate methods (principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering). The analysis revealed a significant genetic diversity among the full-sib of elephant grass, with a greater variability observed for dry matter yield and number of tillers. The families 1, 2, 5, 7 and 8 exhibited superior genotypes for bioenergy production-related traits. The grouping analysis generated twenty clusters, enabling the differentiation of genotypes. Eight clusters comprised genotypes with a high dry matter yield and plant height, simultaneously, surpassing the overall mean for number of tillers.
{"title":"Estimation of genetic diversity in full-sib families of elephant grass Cenchrus purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone","authors":"Josefa Grasiela Silva Santana, João Esdras Calaça Farias, Rogério Figueiredo Daher, Moisés Ambrósio, Cleudiane Lopes Leite, Ana kesia Faria Vidal, Maxwel Rodrigues Nascimento, Alexandre Gomes de Souza","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5375967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5375967","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One of the challenges of the energy sector is the identification of renewable resources with less impact on the environment and that are economically viable. This study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity of eleven full-sib families of elephant grass, using quantitative traits associated with bioenergy production. The trial followed a randomized blocks design, with four replications and each plot (family) consisting of five plants, totaling 220 genotypes. Five quantitative traits were measured: dry matter yield, dry matter percentage, plant height, stem diameter and number of tillers. The genetic diversity was estimated using multivariate methods (principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering). The analysis revealed a significant genetic diversity among the full-sib of elephant grass, with a greater variability observed for dry matter yield and number of tillers. The families 1, 2, 5, 7 and 8 exhibited superior genotypes for bioenergy production-related traits. The grouping analysis generated twenty clusters, enabling the differentiation of genotypes. Eight clusters comprised genotypes with a high dry matter yield and plant height, simultaneously, surpassing the overall mean for number of tillers.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135550937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632023v5375846
Emerson Wilberto Silva Leite, Marlon da Silva Garrido, Welson Lima Simoes, Alessandra Monteiro Salviano, Alessandro Carlos Mesquita
ABSTRACT An efficient organic cultivation can be a viable strategy to enhance the sustainability of the melon production chain. This study aimed to assess the physiological and productive responses, as well as the post-harvest quality, of melon fruits, as a function of biofertilizer doses. The experiment followed a randomized blocks design, in a split-plot arrangement, with four replications. The treatments included six biofertilizer doses (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 L plant-1) as subplots and two melon hybrids (AC 154 and Royal Amália) as plots. The use of 3 L plant-1 cycle-1 of the biofertilizer increased the sugar content in the leaf tissue, improved the photosynthetic efficiency, enhanced the biochemical variables and provided higher yields, in addition to improving the fruit post-harvest quality of the tested hybrids.
高效的有机栽培是提高甜瓜生产链可持续性的可行策略。本研究旨在评估生物肥料用量对甜瓜果实生理和生产反应以及采后品质的影响。实验采用随机分组设计，分图排列，重复4次。处理包括6个生物肥料剂量(0、1、2、3、4和5 L plant-1)作为亚区，2个甜瓜杂交品种(AC 154和Royal Amália)作为亚区。施用3l plant-1 cycle-1生物肥料可提高叶片组织中的糖含量，提高光合效率，增强生化指标，提高产量，并可改善试验杂交种的果实采后品质。
{"title":"Yield, physiology and quality of yellow melon grown with biofertilizer1","authors":"Emerson Wilberto Silva Leite, Marlon da Silva Garrido, Welson Lima Simoes, Alessandra Monteiro Salviano, Alessandro Carlos Mesquita","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5375846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5375846","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT An efficient organic cultivation can be a viable strategy to enhance the sustainability of the melon production chain. This study aimed to assess the physiological and productive responses, as well as the post-harvest quality, of melon fruits, as a function of biofertilizer doses. The experiment followed a randomized blocks design, in a split-plot arrangement, with four replications. The treatments included six biofertilizer doses (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 L plant-1) as subplots and two melon hybrids (AC 154 and Royal Amália) as plots. The use of 3 L plant-1 cycle-1 of the biofertilizer increased the sugar content in the leaf tissue, improved the photosynthetic efficiency, enhanced the biochemical variables and provided higher yields, in addition to improving the fruit post-harvest quality of the tested hybrids.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632023v5375822
Ana Paula Mendes Lopes, Alana Emanoele Pereira, Eunice Maria Baquião, Deucleiton Jardim Amorin, Silvia Renata Siciliano Wilcken
ABSTRACT Cover crop species have been used in mixes in order to improve soil conditions; however, it is important to evaluate the relationship of the employed cultivars with phytonematodes to identify those that do not multiply the pathogens in the cultivated area. This study aimed to assess the response of 11 plant species used in cover crop mix to Meloidogyne enterolobii, M. incognita and Pratylenchus brachyurus. Six experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design, with five replications. BMX Potência RR soybean and Santa Clara tomato were used as controls. In at least one of the experiments, IPR 91 Baili buckwheat was susceptible (reproduction factor - RF ≥ 1) to M. enterolobii, M. incognita and P. brachyurus. Common white lupin, URS Altiva white oat, Iapar 61 (Ibiporã) black oat and Embrapa 139 (Neblina) black oat were susceptible to M. enterolobii and M. incognita and resistant (RF < 1) and/or immune (RF = 0) to P. brachyurus. IPR 89 rye and IPR 116 radish were found susceptible to M. incognita and P. brachyurus and resistant to M. enterolobii. BRS 1501 millet and Embrapa 29 (Garoa) black oat were susceptible to M. incognita and resistant/immune to M. enterolobii and P. brachyurus. Brachiaria ruziziensis was considered resistant to M. enterolobii and M. incognita and susceptible to P. brachyurus. URS Corona white oat was the only cover crop considered to be resistant and/or immune to all the nematode species evaluated.
{"title":"Response of plants used in cover crop mix to Meloidogyne enterolobii, Meloidogyne incognita and Pratylenchus brachyurus","authors":"Ana Paula Mendes Lopes, Alana Emanoele Pereira, Eunice Maria Baquião, Deucleiton Jardim Amorin, Silvia Renata Siciliano Wilcken","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5375822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5375822","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cover crop species have been used in mixes in order to improve soil conditions; however, it is important to evaluate the relationship of the employed cultivars with phytonematodes to identify those that do not multiply the pathogens in the cultivated area. This study aimed to assess the response of 11 plant species used in cover crop mix to Meloidogyne enterolobii, M. incognita and Pratylenchus brachyurus. Six experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, using a completely randomized design, with five replications. BMX Potência RR soybean and Santa Clara tomato were used as controls. In at least one of the experiments, IPR 91 Baili buckwheat was susceptible (reproduction factor - RF ≥ 1) to M. enterolobii, M. incognita and P. brachyurus. Common white lupin, URS Altiva white oat, Iapar 61 (Ibiporã) black oat and Embrapa 139 (Neblina) black oat were susceptible to M. enterolobii and M. incognita and resistant (RF < 1) and/or immune (RF = 0) to P. brachyurus. IPR 89 rye and IPR 116 radish were found susceptible to M. incognita and P. brachyurus and resistant to M. enterolobii. BRS 1501 millet and Embrapa 29 (Garoa) black oat were susceptible to M. incognita and resistant/immune to M. enterolobii and P. brachyurus. Brachiaria ruziziensis was considered resistant to M. enterolobii and M. incognita and susceptible to P. brachyurus. URS Corona white oat was the only cover crop considered to be resistant and/or immune to all the nematode species evaluated.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135102020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632023v5375797
Igor Souza Stochi, Martha Freire da Silva, Cleverton Timóteo de Assunção, Victor Hugo Borsuk Damião
ABSTRACT One of the main obstacles in the okra production is the physical dormancy imposed by the tegument of the seeds. Although several methods for overcoming tegumentary dormancy have been proposed, little is known about their effect on the physiological quality of seeds. Thus, this study aimed to verify the effectiveness of methods for overcoming dormancy (control - no treatment; pre-soaking - seed soaking in water at 30 ºC, for 6 h; thermotherapy - immersion in water at 60 ºC, for 3 min; dry heat - oven at 70 ºC, for 5 min; thermal shock - immersion in water at 30 ºC, for 30 min, followed by 5 ºC, for 24 h; and sand scarification - friction between seeds and sand for 20 min), as well as to analyze their impacts on the physiological quality of okra seed lots. After the treatments were applied, images of the outer seed coat were obtained and the moisture content of the seeds, first germination count, germination, emergence, germination speed index and seedling length were measured. The treatments of pre-soaking, thermotherapy and thermal shock remove cell layers in the chalaza region, allowing a greater water absorption and showing to be efficient in overcoming dormancy, without affecting the physiological quality of the seeds. On the other hand, the dry heat treatment can affect the vigor of okra seeds.
{"title":"Do methods for overcoming dormancy affect the physiological quality of okra seeds?","authors":"Igor Souza Stochi, Martha Freire da Silva, Cleverton Timóteo de Assunção, Victor Hugo Borsuk Damião","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5375797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5375797","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One of the main obstacles in the okra production is the physical dormancy imposed by the tegument of the seeds. Although several methods for overcoming tegumentary dormancy have been proposed, little is known about their effect on the physiological quality of seeds. Thus, this study aimed to verify the effectiveness of methods for overcoming dormancy (control - no treatment; pre-soaking - seed soaking in water at 30 ºC, for 6 h; thermotherapy - immersion in water at 60 ºC, for 3 min; dry heat - oven at 70 ºC, for 5 min; thermal shock - immersion in water at 30 ºC, for 30 min, followed by 5 ºC, for 24 h; and sand scarification - friction between seeds and sand for 20 min), as well as to analyze their impacts on the physiological quality of okra seed lots. After the treatments were applied, images of the outer seed coat were obtained and the moisture content of the seeds, first germination count, germination, emergence, germination speed index and seedling length were measured. The treatments of pre-soaking, thermotherapy and thermal shock remove cell layers in the chalaza region, allowing a greater water absorption and showing to be efficient in overcoming dormancy, without affecting the physiological quality of the seeds. On the other hand, the dry heat treatment can affect the vigor of okra seeds.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135550936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT Rice (Oryza sativa L.) production is globally impacted by salinity stress, since it is a salt-sensitive plant species. This study aimed to determine the effect of exogenous trehalose to reduce the salinity stress at the tillering stage in three lowland rice varieties: Chai Nat 1 (CNT1), Pathum Thani 1 (PT1) and Inpari 35 (IN35). Salinity stress was induced by watering the plants with four concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) of sodium chloride (NaCl). Thereafter, exogenous trehalose with the same concentration was applied through foliar spray to reduce the salinity stress. The induced salinity in the rice plants affected various physiological parameters, such as relative water content, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio. Salinity also affected the levels of soluble sugar, starch content and other eight agronomic traits. At the concentration of 50 mM, the impact of trehalose was significantly observed on the physiological, biochemical and other agronomic traits of the plant. However, the 100-grain weight of the rice did not improve with the use of trehalose, what may have been influenced by the duration of the trehalose exposure during the tillering stage. The physiological, biochemical (excluding starch content) and agronomical traits of the rice plants also varied with the varieties. The salt-tolerant variety (IN35) showed a higher content of relative water (12.98 %), chlorophyll (8.33 %), soluble sugars (12.25 %), reproductive tillers per plant (12.4 %), grains per panicle (18.81 %), 100-grain weight (10.71 %), percentage of filled grains per panicle (22.39 %) and grain yield per plant (23.49 %), in comparison to CNT1 and PT1.
{"title":"Exogenous trehalose application in rice to mitigate saline stress at the tillering stage","authors":"Felisberto Amaral Soares, Pantipa Na Chiangmai, Panida Duangkaew, Yupa Pootaeng-on, None Nurhidayati","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5375695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5375695","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Rice (Oryza sativa L.) production is globally impacted by salinity stress, since it is a salt-sensitive plant species. This study aimed to determine the effect of exogenous trehalose to reduce the salinity stress at the tillering stage in three lowland rice varieties: Chai Nat 1 (CNT1), Pathum Thani 1 (PT1) and Inpari 35 (IN35). Salinity stress was induced by watering the plants with four concentrations (0, 50, 100 and 150 mM) of sodium chloride (NaCl). Thereafter, exogenous trehalose with the same concentration was applied through foliar spray to reduce the salinity stress. The induced salinity in the rice plants affected various physiological parameters, such as relative water content, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b ratio. Salinity also affected the levels of soluble sugar, starch content and other eight agronomic traits. At the concentration of 50 mM, the impact of trehalose was significantly observed on the physiological, biochemical and other agronomic traits of the plant. However, the 100-grain weight of the rice did not improve with the use of trehalose, what may have been influenced by the duration of the trehalose exposure during the tillering stage. The physiological, biochemical (excluding starch content) and agronomical traits of the rice plants also varied with the varieties. The salt-tolerant variety (IN35) showed a higher content of relative water (12.98 %), chlorophyll (8.33 %), soluble sugars (12.25 %), reproductive tillers per plant (12.4 %), grains per panicle (18.81 %), 100-grain weight (10.71 %), percentage of filled grains per panicle (22.39 %) and grain yield per plant (23.49 %), in comparison to CNT1 and PT1.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135550669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632023v5376273
Elmo Pereira Ramos, Thayanne Rangel Ferreira, Diego Borges de Aguiar, Flávio Lima Alves, Sara Dousseau-Arantes
ABSTRACT One of the various seaweed species with biostimulating properties is Lithothamnion sp., a calcareous seaweed recognized for its nutritional attributes. This review article aimed to gather information on Lithothamnion sp. and its applications in agricultural cultivation, focusing on identifying and analyzing its biostimulant effects. The practical use of this biostimulant in farming has been confirmed by studies highlighting its efficiency, which varies according to the source material (deposit and particle fraction), application methodology (dosage, methods and frequency) and specific crop (genotype and development stages). Lithothamnion sp. is notable for promoting vegetative growth and has established itself as an invaluable biostimulant in producing seedlings of various species. Its application, either via soil or by foliar methods, has led to improvements in the yield and quality of vegetables, fruits, oilseed crops, grains and forage plants. Although the underlying mechanisms need further investigation, the results suggest that Lithothamnion sp. contributes to amplifying photosynthesis, water-use efficiency and phytoalexin production.
{"title":"Lithothamnion sp. as biostimulant in plant cultivation1","authors":"Elmo Pereira Ramos, Thayanne Rangel Ferreira, Diego Borges de Aguiar, Flávio Lima Alves, Sara Dousseau-Arantes","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5376273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5376273","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT One of the various seaweed species with biostimulating properties is Lithothamnion sp., a calcareous seaweed recognized for its nutritional attributes. This review article aimed to gather information on Lithothamnion sp. and its applications in agricultural cultivation, focusing on identifying and analyzing its biostimulant effects. The practical use of this biostimulant in farming has been confirmed by studies highlighting its efficiency, which varies according to the source material (deposit and particle fraction), application methodology (dosage, methods and frequency) and specific crop (genotype and development stages). Lithothamnion sp. is notable for promoting vegetative growth and has established itself as an invaluable biostimulant in producing seedlings of various species. Its application, either via soil or by foliar methods, has led to improvements in the yield and quality of vegetables, fruits, oilseed crops, grains and forage plants. Although the underlying mechanisms need further investigation, the results suggest that Lithothamnion sp. contributes to amplifying photosynthesis, water-use efficiency and phytoalexin production.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632023v5375742
Strayker Ali Muda, Benyamin Lakitan, Andi Wijaya, None Susilawati
ABSTRACT Brazilian spinach is a leafy vegetable originating from the tropical region of South America. Despite the similarity in agroclimatic conditions, this nutrient-rich plant has not been widely cultivated in southeast Asia. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the most suitable growing technique (conventional, floating or bottom-wet culture systems) for Brazilian spinach grown in the wet tropical climate. Non-fertilizer ameliorants were applied to improve the physical characteristics of the growing substrate, making it more permeable. The addition of fine sand and/or rice husk biochar to the growing substrate did not increase the growth rate and the leaf yield of Brazilian spinach. The floating and bottom-wet culture systems performed better, when compared to the conventional system commonly practiced by farmers, particularly during the onset of the dry season. The harvest period lasted from 6 to 9 weeks after planting (WAP). The rate of leaf fresh weight to the total shoot weight gradually decreased during the harvest period, along with the percentage of marketable yield. Related to microclimate conditions, the floating and bottom-wet culture exhibited a higher substrate humidity, while the canopy temperature was not significantly affected by the air or substrate temperature. The substrate temperature measured at midday was significantly higher in the conventional system due to a decrease in the substrate water. In conclusion, Brazilian spinach is suitable for cultivation in wet tropical climate zones, with the application of floating or bottom-wet culture systems and harvest between 6 and 9 WAP emerging as the recommended approach.
{"title":"Influence of growing systems and non-fertilizer ameliorants on microclimate and growth of Brazilian spinach","authors":"Strayker Ali Muda, Benyamin Lakitan, Andi Wijaya, None Susilawati","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5375742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5375742","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Brazilian spinach is a leafy vegetable originating from the tropical region of South America. Despite the similarity in agroclimatic conditions, this nutrient-rich plant has not been widely cultivated in southeast Asia. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the most suitable growing technique (conventional, floating or bottom-wet culture systems) for Brazilian spinach grown in the wet tropical climate. Non-fertilizer ameliorants were applied to improve the physical characteristics of the growing substrate, making it more permeable. The addition of fine sand and/or rice husk biochar to the growing substrate did not increase the growth rate and the leaf yield of Brazilian spinach. The floating and bottom-wet culture systems performed better, when compared to the conventional system commonly practiced by farmers, particularly during the onset of the dry season. The harvest period lasted from 6 to 9 weeks after planting (WAP). The rate of leaf fresh weight to the total shoot weight gradually decreased during the harvest period, along with the percentage of marketable yield. Related to microclimate conditions, the floating and bottom-wet culture exhibited a higher substrate humidity, while the canopy temperature was not significantly affected by the air or substrate temperature. The substrate temperature measured at midday was significantly higher in the conventional system due to a decrease in the substrate water. In conclusion, Brazilian spinach is suitable for cultivation in wet tropical climate zones, with the application of floating or bottom-wet culture systems and harvest between 6 and 9 WAP emerging as the recommended approach.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135101763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1983-40632023v5376123
Thaís Soto Boni, Kátia Luciene Maltoni, Loiane Fernanda Romão de Souza, Ana Maria Rodrigues Cassiolato
ABSTRACT Golden mussel is an invasive species in South America that causes environmental and economic damage due to the formation of large colonies without natural predators. This study aimed to test the agricultural use of golden mussel shell as a limestone substitute, as the shell is rich in calcium carbonate. The experiment was carried out in pots, with eight treatments (sandy soil; clay soil; sandy soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of limestone; clay soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of limestone; sandy soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of fresh shell; clay soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of fresh shell; sandy soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of calcined shell; clay soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of calcined shell), in addition to the application of the following fresh and calcined shell doses: 0, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 Mg ha−1. Rice was cultivated in all treatments, and the soil fertility and rice shoot and root dry masses were evaluated. The shell provided good chemical conditions to the soils and raised their pH and phosphorus and calcium contents. The agricultural use of golden mussel shell showed to be efficient for soil correction and can be considered an alternative to limestone.
{"title":"Can golden mussel shell be an alternative to limestone in soil correction?","authors":"Thaís Soto Boni, Kátia Luciene Maltoni, Loiane Fernanda Romão de Souza, Ana Maria Rodrigues Cassiolato","doi":"10.1590/1983-40632023v5376123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632023v5376123","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Golden mussel is an invasive species in South America that causes environmental and economic damage due to the formation of large colonies without natural predators. This study aimed to test the agricultural use of golden mussel shell as a limestone substitute, as the shell is rich in calcium carbonate. The experiment was carried out in pots, with eight treatments (sandy soil; clay soil; sandy soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of limestone; clay soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of limestone; sandy soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of fresh shell; clay soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of fresh shell; sandy soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of calcined shell; clay soil + 1.0 Mg ha−1 of calcined shell), in addition to the application of the following fresh and calcined shell doses: 0, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 Mg ha−1. Rice was cultivated in all treatments, and the soil fertility and rice shoot and root dry masses were evaluated. The shell provided good chemical conditions to the soils and raised their pH and phosphorus and calcium contents. The agricultural use of golden mussel shell showed to be efficient for soil correction and can be considered an alternative to limestone.","PeriodicalId":46867,"journal":{"name":"Pesquisa Agropecuaria Tropical","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135101765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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