This article explores nationalism and consumption in British-mandate Palestine using a history-from-below approach. It focuses on Arab and Jewish peddlers who regularly crossed national, cultural, and geographic borders in order to conduct petty trade with customers. Colonial and nationalist actors worked hard to curb the ubiquitous presence of such peddlers for various reasons. First, British colonial officials regarded urban hawking as unhygienic, noisy, and not modern. Second, many Zionist actors deemed Jewish-Arab trade threatening to the Zionist principle of ‘Hebrew consumption’. Zionist leaders also expressed concern about the presence of Jewish peddlers whom they viewed as the antithesis of the idealized, Hebrew-speaking Zionist ‘New Jew’. Third, Palestinian Arab nationalists policed Arab peddlers who violated the six-month national strike in 1936 by continuing to hawk their goods. In short, in the eyes of various nationalist actors, these peddlers displayed ‘national indifference’ that needed to be controlled. By studying how nationalist actors policed everyday, small-scale peddler-consumer exchanges, we are able to understand how a ‘culture of nationalism’ arose in mandatory Palestine.
{"title":"Peddlers and the Policing of National Indifference in Palestine, 1920–1948","authors":"Caroline Kahlenberg","doi":"10.1093/hwj/dbaa026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbaa026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores nationalism and consumption in British-mandate Palestine using a history-from-below approach. It focuses on Arab and Jewish peddlers who regularly crossed national, cultural, and geographic borders in order to conduct petty trade with customers. Colonial and nationalist actors worked hard to curb the ubiquitous presence of such peddlers for various reasons. First, British colonial officials regarded urban hawking as unhygienic, noisy, and not modern. Second, many Zionist actors deemed Jewish-Arab trade threatening to the Zionist principle of ‘Hebrew consumption’. Zionist leaders also expressed concern about the presence of Jewish peddlers whom they viewed as the antithesis of the idealized, Hebrew-speaking Zionist ‘New Jew’. Third, Palestinian Arab nationalists policed Arab peddlers who violated the six-month national strike in 1936 by continuing to hawk their goods. In short, in the eyes of various nationalist actors, these peddlers displayed ‘national indifference’ that needed to be controlled. By studying how nationalist actors policed everyday, small-scale peddler-consumer exchanges, we are able to understand how a ‘culture of nationalism’ arose in mandatory Palestine.","PeriodicalId":46915,"journal":{"name":"History Workshop Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/hwj/dbaa026","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41404101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, I discuss humiliation parades as described by eleventh-century Byzantine historians, focusing on the role of mules and donkeys in them. More specifically, I examine how the presence of these equids could change the meaning of a scene in the works of Michael Attaleiates, John Skylitzes, and Michael Psellos. I argue that, as the social and religious connotations of mules and donkeys interacted with the social and religious status of their riders, humiliation could turn to humility and emasculation to masculinity, transforming the animals themselves into carriers of political rhetoric. When reading these scenes we need to consider whether our rider is a man or a woman, a cleric or a layman, a general or scholar, but also what kind of equid they are riding and how that might be juxtaposed with other animals in the text. In addition to emphasizing the role of animals in Byzantine political life, I consider the animals’ own experience of these parades, attempting to reconstruct something of their sense of the world with the help of modern veterinary science.
{"title":"Byzantine Parades of Infamy through an Animal Lens","authors":"Maroula Perisanidi","doi":"10.1093/hwj/dbaa019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbaa019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this article, I discuss humiliation parades as described by eleventh-century Byzantine historians, focusing on the role of mules and donkeys in them. More specifically, I examine how the presence of these equids could change the meaning of a scene in the works of Michael Attaleiates, John Skylitzes, and Michael Psellos. I argue that, as the social and religious connotations of mules and donkeys interacted with the social and religious status of their riders, humiliation could turn to humility and emasculation to masculinity, transforming the animals themselves into carriers of political rhetoric. When reading these scenes we need to consider whether our rider is a man or a woman, a cleric or a layman, a general or scholar, but also what kind of equid they are riding and how that might be juxtaposed with other animals in the text. In addition to emphasizing the role of animals in Byzantine political life, I consider the animals’ own experience of these parades, attempting to reconstruct something of their sense of the world with the help of modern veterinary science.","PeriodicalId":46915,"journal":{"name":"History Workshop Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/hwj/dbaa019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41645177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article offers new perspectives on the commemorative events organized around the UK in 2007 to mark the bicentenary of the Abolition of the Slave Trade Act (1807). Drawing from the resources contained in Remembering 1807, a digital archive of information about nearly 350 events and exhibitions held in 2007, it offers a closer look at the variety, diversity and creativity of projects organized by heritage organizations and community groups from all parts of the UK. While agreeing that much of the national narrative focused on the celebratory aspects of Britain’s role in abolition, we argue that many other projects gave voice to a wide range of concerns relating to transatlantic slavery, challenging participants to rethink the boundaries of slavery and abolition in Britain’s public history. This included highlighting the role of transatlantic slavery in hitherto unexplored areas of British history, in local stories and in broader narratives of Britain’s commercial, military, and imperial expansion. Other projects drew attention to the lasting legacies of slavery, emphasized stories of resistance or celebrated the Black presence in Britain. Recognizing these other perspectives within the commemorative impulse in 2007 can help us to (re)orientate future memory work around Britain’s role in transatlantic slavery.
{"title":"Remembering 1807: Lessons from the Archives","authors":"J. Oldfield, Mary Wills","doi":"10.1093/hwj/dbaa016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbaa016","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article offers new perspectives on the commemorative events organized around the UK in 2007 to mark the bicentenary of the Abolition of the Slave Trade Act (1807). Drawing from the resources contained in Remembering 1807, a digital archive of information about nearly 350 events and exhibitions held in 2007, it offers a closer look at the variety, diversity and creativity of projects organized by heritage organizations and community groups from all parts of the UK. While agreeing that much of the national narrative focused on the celebratory aspects of Britain’s role in abolition, we argue that many other projects gave voice to a wide range of concerns relating to transatlantic slavery, challenging participants to rethink the boundaries of slavery and abolition in Britain’s public history. This included highlighting the role of transatlantic slavery in hitherto unexplored areas of British history, in local stories and in broader narratives of Britain’s commercial, military, and imperial expansion. Other projects drew attention to the lasting legacies of slavery, emphasized stories of resistance or celebrated the Black presence in Britain. Recognizing these other perspectives within the commemorative impulse in 2007 can help us to (re)orientate future memory work around Britain’s role in transatlantic slavery.","PeriodicalId":46915,"journal":{"name":"History Workshop Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/hwj/dbaa016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41671320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Ireland and the Great War, the late Keith Jeffery argued that the 1914–18 conflict was an essential context for the Irish independence struggle, and that the Easter Rising (1916), the War of Independence (1919–21) and Civil War (1922–3) were integral parts of the same story. This is also the starting point of Dublin’s Great Wars, a ‘new military history’ and prosopography of British soldiers and Irish republicans who resided in Ireland’s capital city during these years. There is much to commend ‘military history from the street’, Grayson’s methodology of using ‘every source possible to draw in the military service of everyone from a given area’. Online sources have transformed the speed and ease with which researchers can search for and cross-reference information. The author’s approach is predicated largely on the vast word-searchable collections of primary-source records relating to the First World War that have become available online in recent years. Some marvellous material has been unearthed in British military pension and service records, diaries, newspapers, personal testimony and journals. Sixteen of Grayson’s twenty-one chapters contextualize and discuss the period up to the November 1918 Armistice. It is estimated that 210,000 men resident in Ireland joined the British armed forces over 1914–18, out of whom about 30,000 were killed and many thousands more wounded. This has been described by one historian as ‘proportionately the greatest deployment of armed manpower in the history of Irish militarism’. Grayson estimates that, in all, between 35,000 and 40,000 Dublin residents served in some branch of the British armed forces during the First World War, with over seventy percent fighting in the infantry. As with his previous study of Belfast, for the most part he eschews thematic analysis. The book consists mainly of chronologically ordered battle narratives punctuated with statistics, snippets of battlefield folklore – like the apocryphal recapture of guns by the 9th Lancers at Mons in October 1914 and rumours of a Turkish female sniper found dead at Gallipoli wearing fourteen soldiers’ identification badges around her neck – and biographical vignettes of individual
在《爱尔兰与一战》一书中，已故的基思·杰弗瑞认为，1914年至1918年的冲突是爱尔兰独立斗争的重要背景，而复活节起义(1916年)、独立战争(1919年至1921年)和内战(1922年至1922年)是同一故事的组成部分。这也是《都柏林大战》(Dublin ' s Great Wars)的起点。《都柏林大战》是一部“新军事史”，记录了这些年来居住在爱尔兰首都的英国士兵和爱尔兰共和派。“来自街头的军事历史”有很多值得赞扬的地方，格雷森的方法是“利用一切可能的资源，从一个给定的地区吸引每个人的兵役”。在线资源已经改变了研究人员搜索和交叉参考信息的速度和便利性。作者的方法很大程度上是基于近年来在网上可以搜索到的与第一次世界大战有关的大量可搜索的原始记录。在英国军队养老金和服役记录、日记、报纸、个人证词和日记中发现了一些了不起的材料。格雷森的21个章节中有16个章节将1918年11月停战之前的时期作为背景进行了讨论。据估计，在1914年至1918年期间，有21万爱尔兰居民加入了英国武装部队，其中约3万人阵亡，数千人受伤。这被一位历史学家描述为“爱尔兰军国主义历史上最大规模的武装力量部署”。格雷森估计，在第一次世界大战期间，总共有3.5万至4万都柏林居民在英国武装部队的某些部门服役，其中超过70%的人在步兵部队服役。就像他之前对贝尔法斯特的研究一样，他在很大程度上避开了主题分析。这本书主要由按时间顺序排列的战斗叙述组成，其中穿插着统计数据、战场民间传说的片段——比如1914年10月第9枪兵团在蒙斯夺回枪支的杜撰故事，以及一名土耳其女狙击手被发现死于加里波利，脖子上戴着14名士兵的身份徽章的传言——以及个人的传记小特写
{"title":"Military History from the Street","authors":"E. Morrison","doi":"10.1093/hwj/dbaa025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbaa025","url":null,"abstract":"In Ireland and the Great War, the late Keith Jeffery argued that the 1914–18 conflict was an essential context for the Irish independence struggle, and that the Easter Rising (1916), the War of Independence (1919–21) and Civil War (1922–3) were integral parts of the same story. This is also the starting point of Dublin’s Great Wars, a ‘new military history’ and prosopography of British soldiers and Irish republicans who resided in Ireland’s capital city during these years. There is much to commend ‘military history from the street’, Grayson’s methodology of using ‘every source possible to draw in the military service of everyone from a given area’. Online sources have transformed the speed and ease with which researchers can search for and cross-reference information. The author’s approach is predicated largely on the vast word-searchable collections of primary-source records relating to the First World War that have become available online in recent years. Some marvellous material has been unearthed in British military pension and service records, diaries, newspapers, personal testimony and journals. Sixteen of Grayson’s twenty-one chapters contextualize and discuss the period up to the November 1918 Armistice. It is estimated that 210,000 men resident in Ireland joined the British armed forces over 1914–18, out of whom about 30,000 were killed and many thousands more wounded. This has been described by one historian as ‘proportionately the greatest deployment of armed manpower in the history of Irish militarism’. Grayson estimates that, in all, between 35,000 and 40,000 Dublin residents served in some branch of the British armed forces during the First World War, with over seventy percent fighting in the infantry. As with his previous study of Belfast, for the most part he eschews thematic analysis. The book consists mainly of chronologically ordered battle narratives punctuated with statistics, snippets of battlefield folklore – like the apocryphal recapture of guns by the 9th Lancers at Mons in October 1914 and rumours of a Turkish female sniper found dead at Gallipoli wearing fourteen soldiers’ identification badges around her neck – and biographical vignettes of individual","PeriodicalId":46915,"journal":{"name":"History Workshop Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/hwj/dbaa025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46531376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In September 1912, the Russian author Maxim Gorky wrote to the Paris-based Indian revolutionary Madame Cama and asked her to write an article on Indian women and their role in the Indian freedom struggle. Their correspondence highlights several issues: Cama’s central role among Indian and anticolonial nationalists from across the world in early twentieth-century Paris; the inspiration from the 1905 Russian Revolution and alliances between exiled Indian and Russian revolutionaries; the role of women in revolutionary movements. Focusing on Indian-Russian networks in early twentieth century Paris, this article examines Cama’s thoughts on feminism and socialism, and the inspiration from Russian revolutionaries in Cama’s anticolonial activities.
{"title":"'I have only One Country, it is the World': Madame Cama, Anticolonialism, and Indian-Russian Revolutionary Networks in Paris, 1907–17","authors":"Ole Birk Laursen","doi":"10.1093/hwj/dbaa014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbaa014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In September 1912, the Russian author Maxim Gorky wrote to the Paris-based Indian revolutionary Madame Cama and asked her to write an article on Indian women and their role in the Indian freedom struggle. Their correspondence highlights several issues: Cama’s central role among Indian and anticolonial nationalists from across the world in early twentieth-century Paris; the inspiration from the 1905 Russian Revolution and alliances between exiled Indian and Russian revolutionaries; the role of women in revolutionary movements. Focusing on Indian-Russian networks in early twentieth century Paris, this article examines Cama’s thoughts on feminism and socialism, and the inspiration from Russian revolutionaries in Cama’s anticolonial activities.","PeriodicalId":46915,"journal":{"name":"History Workshop Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/hwj/dbaa014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42836335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Robert A. Bickers, T. Cole, Marianna Dudley, E. Hanna, J. McLellan, William Pooley, B. Williamson
This article introduces an experiment in collaborative historical practice. It describes how six historians visited the East Devon village of Branscombe, with the aim of creatively engaging with the present and past of the village. This was a collaborative and collective act of what we term here ‘creative dislocation’. By dislocating from our usual routines, subjects, places, methods, and styles, and adopting creative methods and constraints, we aimed to shed light on the role of creativity in the historical research process. Our experiment resulted in six pieces of writing – three of which are presented here. However, a key argument of this article is that creativity lies in process as much as in the finished product. Creative work happened at each stage of the research process, in ways that were not always immediately visible in the final written pieces. The creativity in historical research and writing does not necessarily lie in opposition to archival explorations and fact-driven narratives, but can also lie within them. Creativity informs the questions we ask, our ways of working with the archive and our approach to writing.
{"title":"Creative Dislocation: an Experiment in Collaborative Historical Research","authors":"Robert A. Bickers, T. Cole, Marianna Dudley, E. Hanna, J. McLellan, William Pooley, B. Williamson","doi":"10.1093/hwj/dbaa030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbaa030","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article introduces an experiment in collaborative historical practice. It describes how six historians visited the East Devon village of Branscombe, with the aim of creatively engaging with the present and past of the village. This was a collaborative and collective act of what we term here ‘creative dislocation’. By dislocating from our usual routines, subjects, places, methods, and styles, and adopting creative methods and constraints, we aimed to shed light on the role of creativity in the historical research process. Our experiment resulted in six pieces of writing – three of which are presented here. However, a key argument of this article is that creativity lies in process as much as in the finished product. Creative work happened at each stage of the research process, in ways that were not always immediately visible in the final written pieces. The creativity in historical research and writing does not necessarily lie in opposition to archival explorations and fact-driven narratives, but can also lie within them. Creativity informs the questions we ask, our ways of working with the archive and our approach to writing.","PeriodicalId":46915,"journal":{"name":"History Workshop Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/hwj/dbaa030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46924033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Focusing upon the achievement of the abolition of British slavery in 1833 has obscured significant continuities between slavery, apprenticeship, and the post-emancipation period, particularly in the new Anglophone settler colonies. During the decade leading up to abolition, domestic unrest intensified the tension between the elite abolitionist movement’s humanitarian concern for Caribbean slaves, and its leaders’ simultaneous implication in the repression of British workers – a corollary of which relegated convicts to the category of unreformable ‘voluntary slaves’. Edward Gibbon Wakefield’s 1829 proposal for colonization entered a longstanding debate about labour discipline that was central both to ameliorative slave reform and to experiments in emigration and settler colonialism, and expressed his ambivalence regarding the benefits of ‘free labour’. In the transition to new labour regimes, systematic colonization translated categories and practices developed in the Caribbean into colonial projects, including raced and classed labour hierarchies targeted to specific climatic zones. As Caribbean slavery ended and settler colonialism began, the new colonies offered a solution to the loss of the ‘trade in human flesh’ by removing dissenters from the British social order, opening up new fields for investment, and creating a disciplined colonial labour force.
{"title":"A Secret Longing for a Trade in Human Flesh: the Decline of British Slavery and the Making of the Settler Colonies","authors":"Jane Lydon","doi":"10.1093/hwj/dbaa021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbaa021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Focusing upon the achievement of the abolition of British slavery in 1833 has obscured significant continuities between slavery, apprenticeship, and the post-emancipation period, particularly in the new Anglophone settler colonies. During the decade leading up to abolition, domestic unrest intensified the tension between the elite abolitionist movement’s humanitarian concern for Caribbean slaves, and its leaders’ simultaneous implication in the repression of British workers – a corollary of which relegated convicts to the category of unreformable ‘voluntary slaves’. Edward Gibbon Wakefield’s 1829 proposal for colonization entered a longstanding debate about labour discipline that was central both to ameliorative slave reform and to experiments in emigration and settler colonialism, and expressed his ambivalence regarding the benefits of ‘free labour’. In the transition to new labour regimes, systematic colonization translated categories and practices developed in the Caribbean into colonial projects, including raced and classed labour hierarchies targeted to specific climatic zones. As Caribbean slavery ended and settler colonialism began, the new colonies offered a solution to the loss of the ‘trade in human flesh’ by removing dissenters from the British social order, opening up new fields for investment, and creating a disciplined colonial labour force.","PeriodicalId":46915,"journal":{"name":"History Workshop Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/hwj/dbaa021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42703701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article explores the participation of immigrants, or people born outside the kingdom, in urban politics in later medieval England. It demonstrates that the nationality of these newcomers was of only secondary importance. What mattered most was whether immigrants’ economic and political interests aligned with those of the civic political elites. If they did not, aliens’ nationality could be mobilized to exclude them from urban politics. If, however, immigrants’ activities complemented those of the urban elites economically and politically, they had every chance to engage with all aspects of civic political life and be elected into the highest civic offices.
{"title":"Citizenry and Nationality: the Participation of Immigrants in Urban Politics in Later Medieval England","authors":"Bart Lambert","doi":"10.1093/hwj/dbaa013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/dbaa013","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article explores the participation of immigrants, or people born outside the kingdom, in urban politics in later medieval England. It demonstrates that the nationality of these newcomers was of only secondary importance. What mattered most was whether immigrants’ economic and political interests aligned with those of the civic political elites. If they did not, aliens’ nationality could be mobilized to exclude them from urban politics. If, however, immigrants’ activities complemented those of the urban elites economically and politically, they had every chance to engage with all aspects of civic political life and be elected into the highest civic offices.","PeriodicalId":46915,"journal":{"name":"History Workshop Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/hwj/dbaa013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45420243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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