Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology最新文献

Contemporary societies are increasingly becoming diverse, and the needs of older people continue to emerge as a public health priority. Older migrants from low-and middle-income countries to high-income countries have been noted to have poorer health, ultimately affecting their quality of life. While social policymakers strive to achieve inclusivity in framing and implementing policies for older people, older migrants from low-and middle-income countries continue to be underrepresented in research, therefore, limiting their contribution to policy decisions regarding their well-being. Older migrants from low- and middle-income countries have unique experiences that can contribute to policy towards their welfare. The aim of this review is to explore the perceptions and experiences of aging among older migrants from low- and middle-income countries to high-income countries. Five databases were systematically searched for published literature. Twenty-four studies were included in the final synthesis. The included studies were synthesized using an overlapping three-phase approach of inductive coding, developing descriptive themes, and merging the descriptive themes into analytic themes. Five main analytic themes emerged: social support and network as facilitators and barriers to aging, aging between two worlds, fostering health and well-being, resilience of identity, and ensuring economic stability and empowerment. Older migrants can benefit from policy interventions that consider their experiences.

The older adult population in Türkiye is increasing, paralleling global trends; however, there is a lack of information regarding the prevalence of successful aging in the Turkish context. This study aims to fill this data gap by assessing both the objective and subjective prevalence of successful aging in Turkish adults aged ≥ 50 years. The study included 478 older adults (M = 72.11, SD = 10.43), categorized by age range (50-64, 65-74, 75-84 and ≥ 85 years) and residence status (nursing home residents and community-dwelling adults). Participants were compared based on successful aging criteria defined by Rowe and Kahn's model (1997) and a self-rated successful aging item. Descriptive analyses were conducted to assess the prevalence of successful aging. The overall prevalence of successful aging was found to be 6.3% according to Rowe and Kahn's criteria, while 55.2% of participants self-rated themselves as aging successfully. A significant decreasing trend in the prevalence of successful aging components was observed with increasing age, and community-dwelling older adults exhibited a higher prevalence of successful aging components compared to nursing home residents. The findings indicated that nursing home residency and increased age are inversely related to both objective and subjective successful aging. Furthermore, older adults in Türkiye tend to maintain fewer components of successful aging than their counterparts in other countries.

This study aims to validate the Modified Lay Public Stigma in the Family Stigma in Alzheimer's Disease Scale (Modified FS-ADS) with Vietnamese general public. A sample of 135 students aged 18 to 24 completed a self-ministered survey on their attitude toward people with dementia. Exploratory principal factor analysis using varimax rotation was adopted to explore potential factors of 34 items. Using iterative process, this exploratory principal factor analysis was conducted three times, using the same criteria to retain items. Only factors with Eigenvalues > 1 and associated items with factor loading > = 0.5 and loaded on only one factor were retained for further examination. After the final exploratory principal factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha of each subscale was computed to examine their internal reliability. The construct validity of the final retained subscales was evaluated using the Pearson correlation coefficients between these subscales and dementia knowledge and compassion. The validated scale retained 17 items distributed to four factors or subscales, namely: (1) perception of esthetics of, (2) willingness to help, (3) extremely negative feelings (fear and disgust) toward, and (4) social distance toward people with dementia. All subscales show high reliability. The Modified Lay Public Stigma Scale from FS-ADS is a valid and reliable instrument to assess public stigma among Vietnamese general public in their sociocultural context. The validated scale with its four subscales is not only empirical derived, but also theoretical underpinned, and therefore, importantly contributes to future studies on public stigma among Vietnamese population.

Black/African American and Latino populations are disproportionately affected by Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet underrepresented in research due to biases in cognitive assessments like the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). The Visual-based Cognitive Assessment Test (VCAT) minimizes these biases through a culturally neutral, visual-based approach. This study evaluates VCAT's comparability to MoCA and its association with plasma p-tau217, a validated AD biomarker. Cross-sectional study assessing cognitive performance in two cohorts, with plasma p-tau217 levels available in Cohort 2 only. Memory disorders clinic. Fifty-six ethnoracially diverse individuals diagnosed with normal cognition (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), or dementia. Cognitive performance was assessed using VCAT and MoCA. Linear regression models analyzed differences in cognitive scores across diagnostic groups and associations with p-tau217 levels. VCAT scores were comparable to MoCA across diagnostic groups. In Cohort 1, NC had higher VCAT (β = 23.22, p < 0.001) and MoCA scores (β = 25.56, p < 0.001), while dementia had lower VCAT (β = -10.86, p < 0.001) and MoCA scores (β = -10.37, p < 0.001). Similar patterns were observed in Cohort 2. Plasma p-tau217 inversely correlated with both VCAT (β = -13.63, p < 0.001) and MoCA (β = -16.26, p < 0.001) in dementia, with no significant differences in MCI. VCAT strongly aligns with MoCA, providing a culturally unbiased alternative for cognitive screening. Its association with plasma p-tau217 highlights its potential to reflect AD pathology, supporting its clinical and research applications.

As global population ageing accelerates, sustaining engagement in health-related activities has become a key strategy to promote healthy ageing and maintain quality of life in Taiwan. To address this issue, the present study draws on an established theoretical framework to offer a culturally sensitive and practice-oriented interpretation of regular health-promoting behaviours, thereby informing actionable strategies for health practitioners. This qualitative case study, grounded in the Theory of Triadic Influence, examined perspectives on the determinants that shape older adults' long-term engagement in group-based exercise. We conducted individual interviews with five participants who had consistently attended group exercise programme for over five years. By focusing on six personal determinants: personality, sense of self, locus of control, self-determination, general skills, and self-efficacy, we explored the commonalities that caused or explained those older adults' sustained participation. The findings revealed several shared factors, including self-directed motivation, internalised agency, and awareness of physical decline, which collectively supported sustained engagement in health-promoting behaviours. In contrast, personality traits, self-concept, and perceived control exhibited considerable diversity among participants. The study further offered culturally grounded interpretations of these divergent perspectives, highlighting how individual values and motivations were shaped by sociocultural contexts. This study highlights the need for practitioners to consider diverse personality traits and emotional sensitivities, rather than assuming all participants are extroverted. Supporting individual progress through clear guidance can enhance self-efficacy and foster continued participation. Emphasising small personal achievements over immediate performance may help reduce self-doubt and prevent disengagement.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, older adults and their caregivers reported reduced autonomy and disruptions in medical care and community-based services such as adult day centers, and these disruptions likely had the greatest impact on caregivers from health disparity populations. We utilize data on adult child caregivers to the oldest-old from two complementary datasets, the Hispanic Establish Population for the Epidemiologic Study of the Elderly Caregiver Supplement (HEPESE CG, 2021) and the National Health and Aging Trends COVID-19 Family Members and Friends Dataset (NHATS FF, 2020-2021). We identify the relationship between financial strain and both mental well-being and sleep health for non-Hispanic White (NH White, n = 198), non-Hispanic Black (NH Black, n = 44), and Mexican American (n = 66) caregivers. Most caregivers reported frequent loneliness, depression, and emotional strain during the pandemic. Caregiving-related financial strain was significantly related to mental health and sleep health for Mexican American caregivers and to emotional strain for NH White caregivers. General financial strain due to the pandemic was related to changes in sleep patterns for both NH Black and Mexican American caregivers. ADL assistance, co-residence, and memory care were related to poorer outcomes for NH White caregivers while co-residence was associated with better outcomes for Mexican American caregivers. Taken together, this work provides valuable insight into the impacts of financial strain for adult child caregivers to the oldest-old during public health shocks like the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study aimed to understand regret from the perspective of Indian older adults. It specifically examined what they regretted and how they coped with their regrets. The study followed the interview method, where biographical accounts of participants' lives were collected. Sixty older adults (30 males and 30 females; M_age= 67.5) participated in the study. The analysis of the 157 major regret incidents narrated by participants showed that two-thirds of regrets in old age stemmed from their inactions, while one-third resulted from their actions. Results showed that Indian older adults most frequently regretted their careers, relationships, education, health, marriage, parenting, and financial matters. Although males and females reported similar levels of regret, the sources of regret differed. The study further revealed that while these life regrets never disappeared, whenever they resurfaced, older adults employed various strategies to cope with their life regrets, such as reappraisal, downward comparison, and justification/rationalization. The results and implications of the study are discussed.

This study examines the time allocation of older individuals in India across paid, unpaid household domestic, unpaid caregiving, and residual activities throughout 24 hours and the factors that are associated with it. The nationally representative first Time-Use Survey (2019), conducted by the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO), is used in this study. The results from multivariate linear regression revealed that the expected probability of spending time on paid activities was significantly lower for older females, the oldest-old age groups (80 years and above), and widowed/divorced/never-married older adults compared to their respective counterparts. The results of this study emphasize the significance of a person's socioeconomic status in determining how much time they spend on various activities in their daily lives. It is crucial to change the perception that the older people depend on younger people by acknowledging the contribution made by older people through their participation in paid labour, unpaid domestic work, and caregiving.

Few studies have addressed the impact of COVID-19 on mental health in low resource settings. This study examines the association of COVID-19-related stressors with psychological distress in older adults in Puerto Rico. Data are from a 2021 Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices survey about COVID-19 with adults aged 60 + in Puerto Rico (n = 213). We used the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20) to assess distress. Stressors included COVID-19 diagnosis, hospitalization, or death of someone close, treatment delays, and loneliness. We used negative binomial regression with a log linear link function to model the effects of demographics and pandemic-related social and health stressors on distress. Almost one-third (31%) of participants reported clinically significant distress; 44.3% reported a loved one diagnosed with COVID-19, 32.4% had lost someone close, 25.8% reported treatment delays, and 39.4% experienced loneliness. A COVID-19 diagnosis of someone close without hospitalization [Adjusted Incidence Rate Ratio (AIRR) = 1.55; 95% CI 1.08, 2.22] and loneliness [AIRR = 1.20; 95% CI 1.09, 1.32] were associated with greater SRQ-20 scores. We consider the nexus of cultural and contextual factors (e.g., outmigration, under-resourced healthcare system, fatalism etc.) that are likely to influence short- and longer-term effects of COVID-19-related distress among older adults in Puerto Rico. Interdisciplinary collaborations are needed to enhance Covid-19-related support and to implement culturally appropriate and contextually feasible evidence-based interventions that will reduce high rates of mental health challenges and prevent their long-term effects.