Pub Date : 2023-11-20DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102438
Pauline Reid, Kev Patterson, Emma McCulloch, Laura Walsh, Amal Murshid, William Kinsella, Andrew Moore, Thomas Skouras, Philip J Smith
The most significant and common cause of anaemia is iron deficiency, which occurs when iron absorption cannot meet the body’s demands due to growth, pregnancy, poor nutrition, malabsorption or blood loss. It is estimated that in the UK 11% of the adult population have iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) and investigation is essential to exclude significant pathology as the underlying cause. It has been shown that IDA is responsible for 57 000 hospital admissions in the UK, and at least 10% of gastroenterology referrals per annum. IDA is a major red flag symptom for gastrointestinal cancer. At the Royal Liverpool University Hospital, a dedicated nurse-led IDA service was developed in 2005 to help alleviate the clinical pressures created by the two week suspected cancer referral pathway. With the success of this service, investigation and management of IDA has been extended to referrals from accident and emergency, with the aim of reducing hospital admissions and to investigating and optimising iron replacement therapy in preoperative patients. Delivering this as a nurse consultant-led service was proposed by the gastroenterology medical team who felt that, as a clinical problem with well established, published investigative algorithms, IDA would be suitable for management in a dedicated nurse-led clinic. This article will focus on the strategies employed to achieve sufficient resources and clinic capacity to run this service effectively, develop strong nurse education and training, and the development of agreed investigation pathways. A robust results review process, with rapid management of abnormal results, was established with timely discharge for those patients with normal results. Optimisation of iron replacement therapy and verification of sustained haematological response was prioritised as this was identified as being poorly managed across all specialties. A process for ongoing audit of results was included to show the success of the service and highlight areas for redesign. Here, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our nurse-led IDA service and suggest it as the basis for other IDA services in the UK and beyond.
{"title":"Nurse-led approach to standardising the management of iron-deficiency anaemia, achieving the 2-week cancer pathway targets and reducing hospital admissions: practicalities and learnings from a success story","authors":"Pauline Reid, Kev Patterson, Emma McCulloch, Laura Walsh, Amal Murshid, William Kinsella, Andrew Moore, Thomas Skouras, Philip J Smith","doi":"10.1136/flgastro-2023-102438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2023-102438","url":null,"abstract":"The most significant and common cause of anaemia is iron deficiency, which occurs when iron absorption cannot meet the body’s demands due to growth, pregnancy, poor nutrition, malabsorption or blood loss. It is estimated that in the UK 11% of the adult population have iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) and investigation is essential to exclude significant pathology as the underlying cause. It has been shown that IDA is responsible for 57 000 hospital admissions in the UK, and at least 10% of gastroenterology referrals per annum. IDA is a major red flag symptom for gastrointestinal cancer. At the Royal Liverpool University Hospital, a dedicated nurse-led IDA service was developed in 2005 to help alleviate the clinical pressures created by the two week suspected cancer referral pathway. With the success of this service, investigation and management of IDA has been extended to referrals from accident and emergency, with the aim of reducing hospital admissions and to investigating and optimising iron replacement therapy in preoperative patients. Delivering this as a nurse consultant-led service was proposed by the gastroenterology medical team who felt that, as a clinical problem with well established, published investigative algorithms, IDA would be suitable for management in a dedicated nurse-led clinic. This article will focus on the strategies employed to achieve sufficient resources and clinic capacity to run this service effectively, develop strong nurse education and training, and the development of agreed investigation pathways. A robust results review process, with rapid management of abnormal results, was established with timely discharge for those patients with normal results. Optimisation of iron replacement therapy and verification of sustained haematological response was prioritised as this was identified as being poorly managed across all specialties. A process for ongoing audit of results was included to show the success of the service and highlight areas for redesign. Here, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our nurse-led IDA service and suggest it as the basis for other IDA services in the UK and beyond.","PeriodicalId":46937,"journal":{"name":"Frontline Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138520421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102428
Darragh Storan, Edel McDermott, Jenny Moloney, Lisa Keenan, Roisin Stack, Juliette Sheridan, Glen Doherty, Garret Cullen, Louise McHugh, Hugh E Mulcahy
Objective The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Disability Index (IBD-DI) was developed according to WHO standards and has been validated in population-based cohorts. However, there are limited data on its relationship to various psychosocial and economic variables or its relevance to hospital clinical practice. The study aims were to determine the validity and reliability of the IBD-DI in an English-speaking hospital out-patient population and to evaluate its association with short and long-term disease activity. Design/Methods 329 subjects were enrolled in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study assessing the IBD-DI and a range of quality of life, work impairment, depression, anxiety, body image, interpersonal, self-esteem, disease activity, symptom scoring scales in addition to long-term outcome. Results The IBD-DI had adequate structure, was internally consistent and demonstrated convergent and predictive validity and was reliable in test–retest study. Disability was related to female sex (p=0.002), antidepressant use (p<0.001), steroid use (p<0.001) and disease activity (p<0.001). Higher IBD-DI scores were associated with long-term disease activity and need for treatment escalation in univariate (p<0.001) and multivariate (p=0.002) analyses. Conclusion The IBD-DI is a valid and reliable measure of disability in English-speaking hospital populations and predicts long-term requirement for treatment escalation.
{"title":"Inflammatory Bowel Disease Disability Index is a valid and reliable measure of disability in an English-speaking hospital practice and predicts long-term requirement for treatment escalation","authors":"Darragh Storan, Edel McDermott, Jenny Moloney, Lisa Keenan, Roisin Stack, Juliette Sheridan, Glen Doherty, Garret Cullen, Louise McHugh, Hugh E Mulcahy","doi":"10.1136/flgastro-2023-102428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2023-102428","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The Inflammatory Bowel Disease Disability Index (IBD-DI) was developed according to WHO standards and has been validated in population-based cohorts. However, there are limited data on its relationship to various psychosocial and economic variables or its relevance to hospital clinical practice. The study aims were to determine the validity and reliability of the IBD-DI in an English-speaking hospital out-patient population and to evaluate its association with short and long-term disease activity. Design/Methods 329 subjects were enrolled in a cross-sectional and longitudinal study assessing the IBD-DI and a range of quality of life, work impairment, depression, anxiety, body image, interpersonal, self-esteem, disease activity, symptom scoring scales in addition to long-term outcome. Results The IBD-DI had adequate structure, was internally consistent and demonstrated convergent and predictive validity and was reliable in test–retest study. Disability was related to female sex (p=0.002), antidepressant use (p<0.001), steroid use (p<0.001) and disease activity (p<0.001). Higher IBD-DI scores were associated with long-term disease activity and need for treatment escalation in univariate (p<0.001) and multivariate (p=0.002) analyses. Conclusion The IBD-DI is a valid and reliable measure of disability in English-speaking hospital populations and predicts long-term requirement for treatment escalation.","PeriodicalId":46937,"journal":{"name":"Frontline Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135141134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102545
Philip Berry, Sreelakshmi Kotha
Objective Guidance covering informed consent in endoscopy has been refined in the UK following the obstetric case of Nadine Montgomery, and in light of updated General Medical Council guidance. All risks likely to be material to the patient must be explored, as well as alternatives to the procedure. Despite this, departments and endoscopists still struggle to meet the current standards. In this article, we explore the challenges encountered in achieving individualised consent in therapeutic endoscopy through real-life scenarios. Methods Five realistic therapeutic endoscopy (hepatobiliary) scenarios are described, followed by presentation of possible or ideal approaches, with references related to existing literature in this field. Results The vignettes allow consideration of how to approach difficult consent challenges, including anxiety and information overload, urgency during acute illness, failure to disclose the risk of death, the role of trainees and intraprocedural distress under conscious sedation. Conclusions The authors conclude that a high degree of transparency is required while obtaining consent for therapeutic endoscopy accompanied by full documentation, involvement of relatives in nearly all cases, and clarity around the presence of trainees who may handle the scope. A greater focus on upskilling trainees in the consent process for therapeutic endoscopy is required.
{"title":"Challenge of achieving truly individualised informed consent in therapeutic endoscopy","authors":"Philip Berry, Sreelakshmi Kotha","doi":"10.1136/flgastro-2023-102545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2023-102545","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Guidance covering informed consent in endoscopy has been refined in the UK following the obstetric case of Nadine Montgomery, and in light of updated General Medical Council guidance. All risks likely to be material to the patient must be explored, as well as alternatives to the procedure. Despite this, departments and endoscopists still struggle to meet the current standards. In this article, we explore the challenges encountered in achieving individualised consent in therapeutic endoscopy through real-life scenarios. Methods Five realistic therapeutic endoscopy (hepatobiliary) scenarios are described, followed by presentation of possible or ideal approaches, with references related to existing literature in this field. Results The vignettes allow consideration of how to approach difficult consent challenges, including anxiety and information overload, urgency during acute illness, failure to disclose the risk of death, the role of trainees and intraprocedural distress under conscious sedation. Conclusions The authors conclude that a high degree of transparency is required while obtaining consent for therapeutic endoscopy accompanied by full documentation, involvement of relatives in nearly all cases, and clarity around the presence of trainees who may handle the scope. A greater focus on upskilling trainees in the consent process for therapeutic endoscopy is required.","PeriodicalId":46937,"journal":{"name":"Frontline Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102534
Jennifer Phillips, Ann Jane Archer, Alice Lagnado, Morgan O’Flaherty, Aileen Fraser, Ruth Carr
The European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation has recently published the third version of the European Consensus on reproduction in inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we summarise their key recommendations.
{"title":"European Crohn’s and Colitis Guidelines on sexuality, fertility, pregnancy and lactation: a guideline review","authors":"Jennifer Phillips, Ann Jane Archer, Alice Lagnado, Morgan O’Flaherty, Aileen Fraser, Ruth Carr","doi":"10.1136/flgastro-2023-102534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2023-102534","url":null,"abstract":"The European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation has recently published the third version of the European Consensus on reproduction in inflammatory bowel disease. Here, we summarise their key recommendations.","PeriodicalId":46937,"journal":{"name":"Frontline Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135679141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102489
Benjamin Giles, Kirsty Fancey, Karen Gamble, Zeshan Riaz, Joanna K Dowman, Andrew J Fowell, Richard J Aspinall
Objective Patients hospitalised with decompensated cirrhosis have high rates of early unplanned readmission. Many readmissions are avoidable with secondary preventative strategies, but patients are often readmitted prior to outpatient review. To address this, we established a novel, nurse-led early postdischarge (EPD) clinic delivering goal-directed care for cirrhosis complications and evaluated the impact. Methods Retrospective cohort study comparing outcomes in 78 patients seen in the EPD clinic with 91 phenotypically matched controls receiving standard, consultant hepatologist care. Follow-up for 12 months from index admission with endpoints including survival, time to readmission, number of readmissions and healthcare burden. Results Median time to readmission was 51 days in controls and 98 days in the intervention group (p<0.01). The intervention cohort had significantly fewer readmissions at 30 days (12% vs 30%, p<0.01) and 90 days (27% vs 49%, p<0.01) but not significantly at 12 months (58% vs 68%, p=0.16) with an overall reduction in bed day usage of 29%. Mortality for the control group was 4% at 30 days with no deaths in the intervention group. There were significantly fewer deaths in the intervention group at 90 days (5% vs 15%, p<0.05) and 12 months (22% vs 41%, p<0.01). Conclusions Following an index hospitalisation with decompensated cirrhosis, goal-directed postdischarge care can be effectively delivered by specialist nurses, prior to outpatient review by hepatologists. This model was associated with significantly fewer readmissions, lower bed day usage and a reduced mortality. Our data suggest such models of care deserve wider implementation and further evaluation.
目的失代偿期肝硬化患者早期意外再入院率高。许多再入院可以避免与二级预防策略，但患者往往再入院之前门诊审查。为了解决这个问题，我们建立了一个新颖的，由护士领导的早期出院(EPD)诊所，为肝硬化并发症提供目标导向的护理，并评估了其影响。方法回顾性队列研究，比较78例EPD门诊患者和91例表型匹配的对照组接受标准的肝病专科医生治疗的结果。从指数入院开始随访12个月，终点包括生存、再入院时间、再入院次数和医疗负担。结果对照组再入院时间为51天，干预组再入院时间为98天(p < 0.01)。干预组在30天(12% vs 30%， p= 0.01)和90天(27% vs 49%， p= 0.01)的再入院率显著降低，但在12个月(58% vs 68%， p=0.16)时再入院率不显著降低，总卧床日使用率减少29%。对照组30天死亡率为4%，干预组无死亡病例。干预组在90天(5% vs 15%， p<0.05)和12个月(22% vs 41%， p<0.01)的死亡率显著减少。结论:在失代偿性肝硬化患者住院后，专科护士可以在肝病专家门诊复查之前有效地提供目标导向的出院后护理。该模型与再入院率显著降低、床日使用率降低和死亡率降低有关。我们的数据表明，这种护理模式值得更广泛的实施和进一步的评估。
{"title":"Novel, nurse-led early postdischarge clinic is associated with fewer readmissions and lower mortality following hospitalisation with decompensated cirrhosis","authors":"Benjamin Giles, Kirsty Fancey, Karen Gamble, Zeshan Riaz, Joanna K Dowman, Andrew J Fowell, Richard J Aspinall","doi":"10.1136/flgastro-2023-102489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2023-102489","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Patients hospitalised with decompensated cirrhosis have high rates of early unplanned readmission. Many readmissions are avoidable with secondary preventative strategies, but patients are often readmitted prior to outpatient review. To address this, we established a novel, nurse-led early postdischarge (EPD) clinic delivering goal-directed care for cirrhosis complications and evaluated the impact. Methods Retrospective cohort study comparing outcomes in 78 patients seen in the EPD clinic with 91 phenotypically matched controls receiving standard, consultant hepatologist care. Follow-up for 12 months from index admission with endpoints including survival, time to readmission, number of readmissions and healthcare burden. Results Median time to readmission was 51 days in controls and 98 days in the intervention group (p<0.01). The intervention cohort had significantly fewer readmissions at 30 days (12% vs 30%, p<0.01) and 90 days (27% vs 49%, p<0.01) but not significantly at 12 months (58% vs 68%, p=0.16) with an overall reduction in bed day usage of 29%. Mortality for the control group was 4% at 30 days with no deaths in the intervention group. There were significantly fewer deaths in the intervention group at 90 days (5% vs 15%, p<0.05) and 12 months (22% vs 41%, p<0.01). Conclusions Following an index hospitalisation with decompensated cirrhosis, goal-directed postdischarge care can be effectively delivered by specialist nurses, prior to outpatient review by hepatologists. This model was associated with significantly fewer readmissions, lower bed day usage and a reduced mortality. Our data suggest such models of care deserve wider implementation and further evaluation.","PeriodicalId":46937,"journal":{"name":"Frontline Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135590053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102485
Rebecca K Grant, William M Brindle, Caitlyn L Taylor, Edward J Rycroft, Oluwadara Oyewole, Sarah C Morgan, Eleanor F Watson, Atul Anand, Norma C McAvoy, Ian D Penman, Nicholas I Church, Kenneth C Trimble, Colin L Noble, John N Plevris, Gail S M Masterton, Rahul Kalla
Objective We aimed to investigate the clinical utility of follow-up oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD2) in patients with severe oesophagitis (Los Angeles grades C or D) through evaluating the yield of Barrett’s oesophagus (BO), cancer, dysplasia and strictures. Second, we aimed to determine if the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) may be used to identify patients to undergo OGD2s. Design/method Patients in NHS Lothian with an index OGD (OGD1) diagnosis of severe oesophagitis between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2015 were identified. Univariate analysis identified factors associated with grade. Patients were stratified by frailty and a diagnosis of stricture, cancer, dysplasia and BO. Results In total 964 patients were diagnosed with severe oesophagitis, 61.7% grade C and 38.3% grade D. The diagnostic yield of new pathology at OGD2 was 13.2% (n=51), new strictures (2.3%), dysplasia (0.5%), cancer (0.3%) and BO (10.1%). A total of 140 patients had clinical frailty (CFS score ≥5), 88.6% of which were deceased at review (median of 76 months). In total 16.4% of frail patients underwent OGD2s and five new pathologies were diagnosed, none of which were significantly associated with grade. Among non-frail patients at OGD2, BO was the only pathology more common (p=0.010) in patients with grade D. Rates of cancer, dysplasia and strictures did not vary significantly between grades. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that OGD2s in patients with severe oesophagitis may be tailored according to clinical frailty and only be offered to non-frail patients. In non-frail patients OGD2s have similar pick-up rates of sinister pathology in both grades of severe oesophagitis.
{"title":"Tailoring follow-up endoscopy in patients with severe oesophagitis","authors":"Rebecca K Grant, William M Brindle, Caitlyn L Taylor, Edward J Rycroft, Oluwadara Oyewole, Sarah C Morgan, Eleanor F Watson, Atul Anand, Norma C McAvoy, Ian D Penman, Nicholas I Church, Kenneth C Trimble, Colin L Noble, John N Plevris, Gail S M Masterton, Rahul Kalla","doi":"10.1136/flgastro-2023-102485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2023-102485","url":null,"abstract":"Objective We aimed to investigate the clinical utility of follow-up oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD2) in patients with severe oesophagitis (Los Angeles grades C or D) through evaluating the yield of Barrett’s oesophagus (BO), cancer, dysplasia and strictures. Second, we aimed to determine if the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) may be used to identify patients to undergo OGD2s. Design/method Patients in NHS Lothian with an index OGD (OGD1) diagnosis of severe oesophagitis between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2015 were identified. Univariate analysis identified factors associated with grade. Patients were stratified by frailty and a diagnosis of stricture, cancer, dysplasia and BO. Results In total 964 patients were diagnosed with severe oesophagitis, 61.7% grade C and 38.3% grade D. The diagnostic yield of new pathology at OGD2 was 13.2% (n=51), new strictures (2.3%), dysplasia (0.5%), cancer (0.3%) and BO (10.1%). A total of 140 patients had clinical frailty (CFS score ≥5), 88.6% of which were deceased at review (median of 76 months). In total 16.4% of frail patients underwent OGD2s and five new pathologies were diagnosed, none of which were significantly associated with grade. Among non-frail patients at OGD2, BO was the only pathology more common (p=0.010) in patients with grade D. Rates of cancer, dysplasia and strictures did not vary significantly between grades. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that OGD2s in patients with severe oesophagitis may be tailored according to clinical frailty and only be offered to non-frail patients. In non-frail patients OGD2s have similar pick-up rates of sinister pathology in both grades of severe oesophagitis.","PeriodicalId":46937,"journal":{"name":"Frontline Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135972909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-28DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102549
Vivek Chand Chand Goodoory, Allan John Morris, Andrew M Veitch
{"title":"Twitter debate: should upper gastrointestinal bleeding training and certification be formalised?","authors":"Vivek Chand Chand Goodoory, Allan John Morris, Andrew M Veitch","doi":"10.1136/flgastro-2023-102549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2023-102549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46937,"journal":{"name":"Frontline Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136232957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102569
Chris Zielinski
{"title":"Time to treat the climate and nature crisis as one indivisible global health emergency","authors":"Chris Zielinski","doi":"10.1136/flgastro-2023-102569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2023-102569","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46937,"journal":{"name":"Frontline Gastroenterology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-24DOI: 10.1136/flgastro-2023-102530
Mark Wright, Sarah Willmore, Sumita Verma, Anita Omasta-Martin, Humraj Sahota, Wendy Prentice, Amelia Jane Stockley, Fiona Finlay, Julia Verne, Ben Hudson
Introduction Liver disease deaths are rising, but specialist palliative care services for hepatology are limited. Expansion across the NHS is required. Methods We surveyed clinicians, patients and carers to design an ‘ideal’ service. Using standard NHS tariffs, we calculated the cost of this service. In hospitals where specialist palliative care was available for liver disease, patient-level costs and bed utilisation in last year of life (LYOL) were compared between those seen by specialist palliative care before death and those not. Results The ‘ideal’ service was described. Costs were calculated as whole time equivalent for a minimal service, which could be scaled up. From a hospital with an existing service, patients seen by specialist palliative care had associated costs of £14 728 in LYOL, compared with £18 558 for those dying without. Savings more than balanced the costs of introducing the service. Average bed days per patient in LYOL were reduced (19.4 vs 25.7) also intensive care unit bed days (1.1 vs 1.8). Despite this, time from first admission in LYOL to death was similar in both groups (6 months for the specialist palliative care group vs 5 for those not referred). Conclusions We have produced a template business case for an ‘ideal’ advanced liver disease support service, which self-funds and saves many bed days. The model can be easily adapted for local use in other trusts. We describe the methodology for calculating patient-level costs and the required service size. We present a financially compelling argument to expand a service to meet a growing need.
肝病死亡人数正在上升，但肝病专科姑息治疗服务有限。全国医疗服务体系的扩张是必要的。方法对临床医生、患者和护理人员进行调查，设计一种“理想”的服务。使用标准的NHS关税，我们计算了这项服务的成本。在提供肝病专科姑息治疗的医院中，比较了临终前接受专科姑息治疗的患者和未接受专科姑息治疗的患者在生命最后一年(LYOL)的患者水平成本和病床利用率。结果对“理想”服务进行了描述。成本是按最小服务的总时间等价物计算的，可以按比例扩大。从现有服务的医院来看，接受专科姑息治疗的患者在LYOL方面的相关费用为14,728英镑，而没有接受姑息治疗的患者则为18,558英镑。节省下来的钱超过了引入这项服务的成本。每位LYOL患者的平均住院天数减少(19.4 vs 25.7)，重症监护病房的住院天数减少(1.1 vs 1.8)。尽管如此，从LYOL首次入院到死亡的时间在两组中相似(专科姑息治疗组为6个月，而非转诊组为5个月)。结论:我们已经为“理想的”晚期肝病支持服务提供了一个模板商业案例，该服务可以自我资助并节省许多住院天数。该模型可以很容易地适用于其他信托机构的本地使用。我们描述了计算患者水平成本和所需服务规模的方法。我们提出了一个经济上令人信服的论点来扩展服务以满足日益增长的需求。
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