Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2219584
Yanmei Tang, H. Zhou, Shuangzhou Chen
This study explored the mediating role of resilience and the moderating role of social class on the relationship between loneliness and migrant children’s city identity. The participants were 479 Chinese migrant children (females = 52%, mean age = 10.07 years, SD = 0.43 years) from Jiangsu Province. They completed a series of questionnaires, including the Children’s Loneliness Scale, the Resilience Scale, the Migrant Children’s City Identity Questionnaire and the Socioeconomic Status Index. Results from the moderated mediation analysis showed that Chinese migrant children self-reporting higher loneliness had a lower city identity. Resilience mediates the relationship between loneliness and city identity. Social class negatively moderates the influence of resilience on city identity. Compared to those with higher social class, migrant children with lower social class were more resilient in constructing their city identity. These findings might be helpful to social welfare programmes to support immigrant children in their city identity for better integration and adaptation.
{"title":"How loneliness influences the city identity of Chinese migrant children: A moderated mediation model","authors":"Yanmei Tang, H. Zhou, Shuangzhou Chen","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2219584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2219584","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the mediating role of resilience and the moderating role of social class on the relationship between loneliness and migrant children’s city identity. The participants were 479 Chinese migrant children (females = 52%, mean age = 10.07 years, SD = 0.43 years) from Jiangsu Province. They completed a series of questionnaires, including the Children’s Loneliness Scale, the Resilience Scale, the Migrant Children’s City Identity Questionnaire and the Socioeconomic Status Index. Results from the moderated mediation analysis showed that Chinese migrant children self-reporting higher loneliness had a lower city identity. Resilience mediates the relationship between loneliness and city identity. Social class negatively moderates the influence of resilience on city identity. Compared to those with higher social class, migrant children with lower social class were more resilient in constructing their city identity. These findings might be helpful to social welfare programmes to support immigrant children in their city identity for better integration and adaptation.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"392 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49089392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2233205
K. Mostert, Charlize Du Toit
This study aimed to examine first-year students’ proactive behaviour towards strengths use (PBSU) and deficit improvement (PBDI), their relationship with students’ social support and essential student outcomes (student burnout, student engagement, life satisfaction, satisfaction with studies, study–course fit and intention to drop out). A sample of first-year students (N = 776; 19–20 years = 67%; female = 62%; black = 58%) from a large South African university completed the Strengths Use and Deficit Correction (SUDCO) questionnaire; the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Student Survey (MBI–SS); as well as measures of present social support, engagement, satisfaction with life, person-study-course fit and intention to drop out. Structural equation modelling was used to test the relationships among the variables in the structural model using Mplus 8.6. Overall, this study’s findings show that PBSU and PBDI are significantly related, with the exception that support from parents did not predict deficit improvement and PBDI did not predict intention to drop out. The results further show that PBSU was much more strongly related to support from parents, cynicism, life satisfaction, satisfaction with studies, study-course fit and intention to drop out. In contrast, PBDI was much more strongly related to support from significant others, exhaustion and engagement. The results confirm that engaging in proactive behaviour towards strengths use and deficit improvement may result in positive student outcomes. The findings of this study suggest a need for university institutions to implement initiatives to promote social support programmes for students to leverage their strengths, creating learning environments conducive to student success.
{"title":"Strengths use and deficit improvement of first-year university students: A structural model for social support and student outcomes","authors":"K. Mostert, Charlize Du Toit","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2233205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2233205","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine first-year students’ proactive behaviour towards strengths use (PBSU) and deficit improvement (PBDI), their relationship with students’ social support and essential student outcomes (student burnout, student engagement, life satisfaction, satisfaction with studies, study–course fit and intention to drop out). A sample of first-year students (N = 776; 19–20 years = 67%; female = 62%; black = 58%) from a large South African university completed the Strengths Use and Deficit Correction (SUDCO) questionnaire; the Maslach Burnout Inventory–Student Survey (MBI–SS); as well as measures of present social support, engagement, satisfaction with life, person-study-course fit and intention to drop out. Structural equation modelling was used to test the relationships among the variables in the structural model using Mplus 8.6. Overall, this study’s findings show that PBSU and PBDI are significantly related, with the exception that support from parents did not predict deficit improvement and PBDI did not predict intention to drop out. The results further show that PBSU was much more strongly related to support from parents, cynicism, life satisfaction, satisfaction with studies, study-course fit and intention to drop out. In contrast, PBDI was much more strongly related to support from significant others, exhaustion and engagement. The results confirm that engaging in proactive behaviour towards strengths use and deficit improvement may result in positive student outcomes. The findings of this study suggest a need for university institutions to implement initiatives to promote social support programmes for students to leverage their strengths, creating learning environments conducive to student success.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"368 - 377"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45408645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2233206
Qian Chu, Jing Zhang
Although inequality is a social problem, its origins are traceable at the psychological level. Exploring the motivations and beliefs that drive and maintain inequality at the psychological level can help us better understand the causes and effects of inequality and thus promote transformation. By systematically presenting the psychological mechanisms, group manifestations, and social effects of inequality, the book volume aims to illustrate how psychology can help explain inequality and promote equality. Chapter 1 successively explains how inequality is maintained from three different perspectives. First, selffulfilling prophecies, stereotypes, and in-group derogation may be destructive to breaking inequality. Second, the instinct to dominate others and to promote equality are both beneficial and detrimental to human survival, and thus both instincts have been selected and preserved. Finally, social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism may be critical predictors of how a person responds to inequality from the perspective of personality. Based on the therapist-client relationship, Chapter 2 proposes that a prerequisite for addressing or reducing inequality is the recognition of the fact that some people (most likely the therapist her/himself) are socially privileged. Individuals may seek the help of a psychotherapist after experiencing inequality. The therapist is certainly subjectively willing to help, but if they cannot recognise the fundamental differences in power and social privilege between themselves and the client, therapy is likely to be futile or counterproductive. Chapter 3 uses the example of transformative practice in American public schools to illustrate the significance and necessity of liberation psychology. In the US, racism history and its many forms in public schools have harmed students of colour of all ages. Liberation psychology is a psychological approach that seeks to actively understand the psychology of oppressed and impoverished communities by conceptually and practically addressing oppressive sociopolitical structures. It endeavours to raise the consciousness and rights of the oppressed while also trying to change the “oppressors” by helping them become aware of their social privilege and thus repairing the interpersonal, experiential, and social breakdown of oppression. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on the impact of racial microaggressions on self-esteem and poverty on mental illness, respectively. As society develops and civilisation advances, overt racism is decreasing, and many white people consider themselves anti-racist; however, almost all people of colour experience racial microaggressions at least once in their daily lives (Sue, 2010), suggesting that microaggressions are universal. The accumulation of these daily slights and insults can deplete psychological resources, particularly damaging an individual’s selfesteem (Wong-Padoongpatt et al., 2017). Similarly, the impact of poverty on mental health i
{"title":"The Psychology of Inequity: Motivation and Beliefs","authors":"Qian Chu, Jing Zhang","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2233206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2233206","url":null,"abstract":"Although inequality is a social problem, its origins are traceable at the psychological level. Exploring the motivations and beliefs that drive and maintain inequality at the psychological level can help us better understand the causes and effects of inequality and thus promote transformation. By systematically presenting the psychological mechanisms, group manifestations, and social effects of inequality, the book volume aims to illustrate how psychology can help explain inequality and promote equality. Chapter 1 successively explains how inequality is maintained from three different perspectives. First, selffulfilling prophecies, stereotypes, and in-group derogation may be destructive to breaking inequality. Second, the instinct to dominate others and to promote equality are both beneficial and detrimental to human survival, and thus both instincts have been selected and preserved. Finally, social dominance orientation and right-wing authoritarianism may be critical predictors of how a person responds to inequality from the perspective of personality. Based on the therapist-client relationship, Chapter 2 proposes that a prerequisite for addressing or reducing inequality is the recognition of the fact that some people (most likely the therapist her/himself) are socially privileged. Individuals may seek the help of a psychotherapist after experiencing inequality. The therapist is certainly subjectively willing to help, but if they cannot recognise the fundamental differences in power and social privilege between themselves and the client, therapy is likely to be futile or counterproductive. Chapter 3 uses the example of transformative practice in American public schools to illustrate the significance and necessity of liberation psychology. In the US, racism history and its many forms in public schools have harmed students of colour of all ages. Liberation psychology is a psychological approach that seeks to actively understand the psychology of oppressed and impoverished communities by conceptually and practically addressing oppressive sociopolitical structures. It endeavours to raise the consciousness and rights of the oppressed while also trying to change the “oppressors” by helping them become aware of their social privilege and thus repairing the interpersonal, experiential, and social breakdown of oppression. Chapters 4 and 5 focus on the impact of racial microaggressions on self-esteem and poverty on mental illness, respectively. As society develops and civilisation advances, overt racism is decreasing, and many white people consider themselves anti-racist; however, almost all people of colour experience racial microaggressions at least once in their daily lives (Sue, 2010), suggesting that microaggressions are universal. The accumulation of these daily slights and insults can deplete psychological resources, particularly damaging an individual’s selfesteem (Wong-Padoongpatt et al., 2017). Similarly, the impact of poverty on mental health i","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"424 - 425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46156065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2219541
Janet Joubert, Melissa Jacobs, L. D. de Beer
The study investigated the role of work engagement in the relationships between job security, job embeddedness, and turnover intention within the South African mining sector. Mining employees who work on the surface (n = 203; males = 53%; females = 45%; White = 45%; Black = 38%; 52% with more than two years of service) completed measures of job security, job embeddedness, work engagement and turnover intention. The results of the structural equation modelling analysis revealed that work engagement played a mediating role in the relationship between job security, job embeddedness and turnover intention. Specifically, employees who reported higher levels of work engagement were more likely to feel secure in their jobs, become more embedded in their work and were less likely to leave. Post-hoc analysis demonstrated that gender and ethnicity did not explain statistically significant variance in the latent variables. These findings suggest that implementing human resource practices that promote work engagement and job embeddedness is crucial for enhancing job security and increasing employee retention within the organisation.
{"title":"Work engagement mediation of job security, job embeddedness, and turnover intention within the South African mining sector","authors":"Janet Joubert, Melissa Jacobs, L. D. de Beer","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2219541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2219541","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the role of work engagement in the relationships between job security, job embeddedness, and turnover intention within the South African mining sector. Mining employees who work on the surface (n = 203; males = 53%; females = 45%; White = 45%; Black = 38%; 52% with more than two years of service) completed measures of job security, job embeddedness, work engagement and turnover intention. The results of the structural equation modelling analysis revealed that work engagement played a mediating role in the relationship between job security, job embeddedness and turnover intention. Specifically, employees who reported higher levels of work engagement were more likely to feel secure in their jobs, become more embedded in their work and were less likely to leave. Post-hoc analysis demonstrated that gender and ethnicity did not explain statistically significant variance in the latent variables. These findings suggest that implementing human resource practices that promote work engagement and job embeddedness is crucial for enhancing job security and increasing employee retention within the organisation.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"313 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47229559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2207402
I. Ndukaihe, C. O. Okafor, Uchechukwu L. Okeowata, H. O. Eze, E. O. Agha, Peter Offu
We investigated the role of gender and media violence in adolescents’ peer relationship problems and aggressive behaviour. High school students (n = 144) from South-Eastern Nigeria participated in the study. Seventy-two completed an experiment in which they were exposed to media violence, while the other 72 served as attention controls. Following the interventions, the students completed measures of peer relationship problems and aggressive behaviour. Results from Hayes PROCESS Macro for moderated–mediation analyses indicated that peer relationship qualities predicted aggressive behaviour. Media violence exposure mediated the peer influence–aggressive behaviour relationship, such that the relationship was stronger for male participants with greater peer relationship problems. The relationship was weaker for female participants with lesser or no peer relationship problems. These findings are consistent with social learning theory, which proposes that children learn to engage in aggressive behaviour by observing the aggression of others, which could intensify over time.
我们调查了性别和媒体暴力在青少年同伴关系问题和攻击行为中的作用。来自尼日利亚东南部的高中生(n = 144)参与了这项研究。72人完成了一项实验，他们暴露在媒体暴力中，而其他72人则作为注意力控制。在干预之后，学生们完成了同伴关系问题和攻击行为的测量。Hayes PROCESS Macro的调节中介分析结果表明同伴关系质量预测攻击行为。媒体暴力暴露在同伴影响-攻击行为关系中起中介作用，同伴关系问题越严重的男性参与者的同伴影响-攻击行为关系越强。对于同伴关系问题较少或没有同伴关系问题的女性参与者，这种关系较弱。这些发现与社会学习理论相一致，该理论认为，儿童通过观察他人的攻击行为来学习攻击性行为，这种行为会随着时间的推移而加剧。
{"title":"Peer relationships and aggressive behaviour in adolescents: Moderation by gender and mediation by media violence","authors":"I. Ndukaihe, C. O. Okafor, Uchechukwu L. Okeowata, H. O. Eze, E. O. Agha, Peter Offu","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2207402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2207402","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the role of gender and media violence in adolescents’ peer relationship problems and aggressive behaviour. High school students (n = 144) from South-Eastern Nigeria participated in the study. Seventy-two completed an experiment in which they were exposed to media violence, while the other 72 served as attention controls. Following the interventions, the students completed measures of peer relationship problems and aggressive behaviour. Results from Hayes PROCESS Macro for moderated–mediation analyses indicated that peer relationship qualities predicted aggressive behaviour. Media violence exposure mediated the peer influence–aggressive behaviour relationship, such that the relationship was stronger for male participants with greater peer relationship problems. The relationship was weaker for female participants with lesser or no peer relationship problems. These findings are consistent with social learning theory, which proposes that children learn to engage in aggressive behaviour by observing the aggression of others, which could intensify over time.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"405 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45980820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2233210
M. Baidoo, E. Ansah, Samuel Essien-Baidoo
This study aimed to investigate the extent to which work-related burnout and psychosocial environment predicted intention to leave employment. This cross-sectional survey sampled 1 222 Ghanaian university employees (females = 37.1%; age range = 18 to above 60 years; mean years of work experience = 5 years, SD = 3.1 years). The employees completed Demand-Control-Support, Work Burnout, Chronic Work Discrimination and Harassment, and Turnover Intention Measures. Using structural equation modelling (SEM), results indicate that work factors like job demand, job decision latitude and harassment predict turnover intention. Personal factors of depersonalisation and diminished personal accomplishment (but not emotional exhaustion) significantly influenced the turnover intention of the workers. Both female and male academic and non-academic employees reported experiencing significantly higher levels of work factors and personal factors and a moderate level of turnover intention. There is a need for university administration to create a workplace climate team to support employees in performing their roles.
{"title":"Employee turnover intention: The predictive role of work-related burnout and psychosocial climate among university workers","authors":"M. Baidoo, E. Ansah, Samuel Essien-Baidoo","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2233210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2233210","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the extent to which work-related burnout and psychosocial environment predicted intention to leave employment. This cross-sectional survey sampled 1 222 Ghanaian university employees (females = 37.1%; age range = 18 to above 60 years; mean years of work experience = 5 years, SD = 3.1 years). The employees completed Demand-Control-Support, Work Burnout, Chronic Work Discrimination and Harassment, and Turnover Intention Measures. Using structural equation modelling (SEM), results indicate that work factors like job demand, job decision latitude and harassment predict turnover intention. Personal factors of depersonalisation and diminished personal accomplishment (but not emotional exhaustion) significantly influenced the turnover intention of the workers. Both female and male academic and non-academic employees reported experiencing significantly higher levels of work factors and personal factors and a moderate level of turnover intention. There is a need for university administration to create a workplace climate team to support employees in performing their roles.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"303 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46959852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2219557
H. Wang, Xueshuang Chen, Jianbo Zhu, Xiangqing Li
Drawing on social information processing theory (SIPT), this study examines the mediating role of creative self-efficacy and follower dependency on the relationship between servant leadership and employee creativity, focusing on task uncertainty moderation. Data was collected from 338 employees in Chinese manufacturing companies (females = 62.1%, 21–40 years old = 91.1%, bachelor’s degree or above = 86.1%). The employees completed two waves of surveys two weeks apart. Findings from a structural equation model indicate that higher servant leadership was associated with higher employee creativity through creative self-efficacy. However, high servant leadership was associated with low employee creativity through follower dependency. Creative self-efficacy mediation between servant leadership and employee creativity was stronger than follower dependency. Task uncertainty strengthened the indirect effect of servant leadership on employee creativity via creative self-efficacy and follower dependency. From these findings, it appears that servant leadership has a double-edged sword effect on employee creativity.
{"title":"Double-edged sword effect of servant leadership on employee creativity: Mediation–moderation analysis","authors":"H. Wang, Xueshuang Chen, Jianbo Zhu, Xiangqing Li","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2219557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2219557","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on social information processing theory (SIPT), this study examines the mediating role of creative self-efficacy and follower dependency on the relationship between servant leadership and employee creativity, focusing on task uncertainty moderation. Data was collected from 338 employees in Chinese manufacturing companies (females = 62.1%, 21–40 years old = 91.1%, bachelor’s degree or above = 86.1%). The employees completed two waves of surveys two weeks apart. Findings from a structural equation model indicate that higher servant leadership was associated with higher employee creativity through creative self-efficacy. However, high servant leadership was associated with low employee creativity through follower dependency. Creative self-efficacy mediation between servant leadership and employee creativity was stronger than follower dependency. Task uncertainty strengthened the indirect effect of servant leadership on employee creativity via creative self-efficacy and follower dependency. From these findings, it appears that servant leadership has a double-edged sword effect on employee creativity.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"328 - 336"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46079283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2233229
Rochelle Jacobs, Antoni Barnard
This hermeneutic phenomenological study explored the authenticity experiences of South African women in law enforcement from a best-self perspective. Narrative interviews were conducted with 12 women from police and traffic services, aged between 26 and 55 (25% black, 58% mixed race and 17% white). Using thematic analysis, three themes were generated, namely, developing self-awareness, growing self-determination, and practising self-appraisal. By developing their self-awareness, they engaged in a self-reflective recognition of negative stress responses and realised alternative responses. Growing self-determination denotes consciously and actively applying best-self enhancing strategies to realign with the best-self. The women said to consistently apply self-appraisal to assess and confirm congruence with the best-self. The findings suggest three self-processing elements that are key to authenticity development. Opportunities to engage in authenticity development interventions aimed at empowering women should focus on sense of realignment with the best-self.
{"title":"Empowering women in South African law enforcement: Developing authenticity as best-self","authors":"Rochelle Jacobs, Antoni Barnard","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2233229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2233229","url":null,"abstract":"This hermeneutic phenomenological study explored the authenticity experiences of South African women in law enforcement from a best-self perspective. Narrative interviews were conducted with 12 women from police and traffic services, aged between 26 and 55 (25% black, 58% mixed race and 17% white). Using thematic analysis, three themes were generated, namely, developing self-awareness, growing self-determination, and practising self-appraisal. By developing their self-awareness, they engaged in a self-reflective recognition of negative stress responses and realised alternative responses. Growing self-determination denotes consciously and actively applying best-self enhancing strategies to realign with the best-self. The women said to consistently apply self-appraisal to assess and confirm congruence with the best-self. The findings suggest three self-processing elements that are key to authenticity development. Opportunities to engage in authenticity development interventions aimed at empowering women should focus on sense of realignment with the best-self.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"337 - 347"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44250497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2233227
E. Bornman, J. Mynhardt, Dion van Zyl
This article investigates the relationships among intergroup emotions and intergroup attitudes among three South African ethno-linguistic groups. The sample included 1 658 respondents (350 Afrikaans-speaking white South Africans; 526 English-speaking white South Africans; and 782 black South African respondents). They completed surveys on intergroup attitudes and group-based emotions of pride, anger, disgust, fear, pity and envy. Multiple linear regression analyses were employed to investigate predictors of outgroup attitudes. The results indicate that attitudes of younger black South Africans were more negative towards Afrikaans-speaking white South Africans. Ingroup pride predicted more positive outgroup attitudes for all groups. Disgust predicted the more negative outgroup attitudes for all groups, while anger predicted more negative white South Africans’ attitudes towards black South Africans. Fear was negatively associated with black South Africans’ attitudes towards English-speaking white South Africans, while outgroup pity predicted more positive white South Africans’ attitudes towards black South Africans and black South Africans’ attitudes towards English-speaking white South Africans. The study confirms tenets of intergroup emotion theory that intergroup emotions serve a regulating function in intergroup attitudes and behaviour.
{"title":"Intergroup emotions and intergroup attitudes in post-apartheid South Africa","authors":"E. Bornman, J. Mynhardt, Dion van Zyl","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2233227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2233227","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the relationships among intergroup emotions and intergroup attitudes among three South African ethno-linguistic groups. The sample included 1 658 respondents (350 Afrikaans-speaking white South Africans; 526 English-speaking white South Africans; and 782 black South African respondents). They completed surveys on intergroup attitudes and group-based emotions of pride, anger, disgust, fear, pity and envy. Multiple linear regression analyses were employed to investigate predictors of outgroup attitudes. The results indicate that attitudes of younger black South Africans were more negative towards Afrikaans-speaking white South Africans. Ingroup pride predicted more positive outgroup attitudes for all groups. Disgust predicted the more negative outgroup attitudes for all groups, while anger predicted more negative white South Africans’ attitudes towards black South Africans. Fear was negatively associated with black South Africans’ attitudes towards English-speaking white South Africans, while outgroup pity predicted more positive white South Africans’ attitudes towards black South Africans and black South Africans’ attitudes towards English-speaking white South Africans. The study confirms tenets of intergroup emotion theory that intergroup emotions serve a regulating function in intergroup attitudes and behaviour.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"348 - 357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46311139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2233224
Paulo Alves, Joana Neto, Maria da Conceição Azevedo, Félix Neto, Etienne Mullet
This study examined the structure of forgiveness motives expressed by young adults in two different countries: Angola and Portugal. A total of 483 participants (245 Angolans and 238 Portuguese) were presented with the Motivation to Forgive Questionnaire. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a four-factor structure in both samples, namely: Forgiveness through restoration of sympathy, Forgiveness through morality, Forgiveness through love, and Forgiveness as recovery of mastery (in order of strength of endorsement). The Forgiveness through morality score was notably higher among Angolans than among Portuguese. This result is consistent with suggestions that Africans appear to have a greater disposition to forgive unconditionally than Westerners.
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