Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2219575
K. Peltzer
The purpose of this study was to evaluate longitudinal associations between mental health and lifestyle factors with falls among rural South Africans in the Agincourt sub-district in Mpumalanga province. We analysed longitudinal data from two consecutive waves of the Health and Ageing in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI), comprising 5 059 participants at baseline in 2014/2015 and 4 176 participants at follow-up in 2018/2019. The 2018/2019 survey included data on fall history. The mean age of the participants at baseline was 62.4 years (SD = 13.1 years). The prevalence of subsequent falls was 3.3% and associated with older age, short sleep, persistent depressive symptoms and low hand grip strength. Other fall incident-related factors are sedentary behaviour, functional disability and restless sleep. Those self-reporting physical activity had a lower risk for falls. Fall prevention programmes with rural living and ageing South Africans should target modifiable factors of short sleep, depressive symptoms and sedentary behaviour.
{"title":"Mental health, lifestyle factors and subsequent falls among ageing adults in South Africa","authors":"K. Peltzer","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2219575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2219575","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate longitudinal associations between mental health and lifestyle factors with falls among rural South Africans in the Agincourt sub-district in Mpumalanga province. We analysed longitudinal data from two consecutive waves of the Health and Ageing in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI), comprising 5 059 participants at baseline in 2014/2015 and 4 176 participants at follow-up in 2018/2019. The 2018/2019 survey included data on fall history. The mean age of the participants at baseline was 62.4 years (SD = 13.1 years). The prevalence of subsequent falls was 3.3% and associated with older age, short sleep, persistent depressive symptoms and low hand grip strength. Other fall incident-related factors are sedentary behaviour, functional disability and restless sleep. Those self-reporting physical activity had a lower risk for falls. Fall prevention programmes with rural living and ageing South Africans should target modifiable factors of short sleep, depressive symptoms and sedentary behaviour.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"412 - 416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42012873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2219587
He Ding, Meng Zhang, Enhai Yu
This study explored perceived organisational support (POS) mediation and the role of organisational tenure moderation in the relationship between the perceived strengths-based human resource (HR) system and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). We collected data from 216 Chinese employees in different industries (e.g., manufacturing, energy and finance) in three waves with a time lag of two weeks (50.5% = female; mean age = 33 years; SD = 6). The results of the moderated mediation path analysis showed that POS partially positively mediates the relationship between the perceived strengths-based HR system and OCB. In addition, organisational tenure negatively moderated the direct relationship between the perceived strengths-based HR system and POS. The indirect relationship between the perceived strengthsbased HR system and OCB via POS was weaker when organisational tenure was high. This study identified mechanisms between the perceived strengths-based HR system and OCB and provides managers with valuable strategies for maximising employee OCB.
{"title":"Strengths-based human resource system and organisational citizenship behaviour: Mediation by organisational support and moderation by tenure","authors":"He Ding, Meng Zhang, Enhai Yu","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2219587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2219587","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored perceived organisational support (POS) mediation and the role of organisational tenure moderation in the relationship between the perceived strengths-based human resource (HR) system and organisational citizenship behaviour (OCB). We collected data from 216 Chinese employees in different industries (e.g., manufacturing, energy and finance) in three waves with a time lag of two weeks (50.5% = female; mean age = 33 years; SD = 6). The results of the moderated mediation path analysis showed that POS partially positively mediates the relationship between the perceived strengths-based HR system and OCB. In addition, organisational tenure negatively moderated the direct relationship between the perceived strengths-based HR system and POS. The indirect relationship between the perceived strengthsbased HR system and OCB via POS was weaker when organisational tenure was high. This study identified mechanisms between the perceived strengths-based HR system and OCB and provides managers with valuable strategies for maximising employee OCB.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"321 - 327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42596798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2219570
Wenxiao Cui, Ruiqian Li, Xiao Yang, Xia Wu
This study aimed to explore father–child relationships and young children’s peer competence, as mediated by child emotional regulation and environmental adaptation. The children’s fathers and teachers completed peer competence, child emotional regulation and environmental adaptation measures on 216 Chinese children and their fathers. The results, following correlation analysis by SPSS 25.0 and validation analysis by AMOS modelling, demonstrated that: (a) a higher score on the parent–child relationship scale was associated with a higher children’s peer competence score; and (b) emotional regulation and environmental adaptation in the children’s ego resilience mediated between the father–child relationship and was associated with young children’s higher peer competence. These findings indicate that father–child relationship quality is important to children’s peer competence with superior emotional regulation and environmental adaptation. Therefore, educators should help enhance the parent–child relationship to improve children’s emotional regulation and school adaptation.
{"title":"Father–child relationship and children’s peer competence: Mediated by children’s emotional regulation and environmental adaptation","authors":"Wenxiao Cui, Ruiqian Li, Xiao Yang, Xia Wu","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2219570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2219570","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore father–child relationships and young children’s peer competence, as mediated by child emotional regulation and environmental adaptation. The children’s fathers and teachers completed peer competence, child emotional regulation and environmental adaptation measures on 216 Chinese children and their fathers. The results, following correlation analysis by SPSS 25.0 and validation analysis by AMOS modelling, demonstrated that: (a) a higher score on the parent–child relationship scale was associated with a higher children’s peer competence score; and (b) emotional regulation and environmental adaptation in the children’s ego resilience mediated between the father–child relationship and was associated with young children’s higher peer competence. These findings indicate that father–child relationship quality is important to children’s peer competence with superior emotional regulation and environmental adaptation. Therefore, educators should help enhance the parent–child relationship to improve children’s emotional regulation and school adaptation.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"384 - 391"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48999777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2219527
Yiping Zhou, Fang Li, Qinyao Wang, Jiawei Gao
This study investigated the relationship between the sense of power and online trolling among college students and the role of self-esteem and moral disengagement in that relationship. Participants were 1 268 college students (females = 61.6%, mean age = 19.94, SD = 2.07 years). The students completed the Sense of Power Scale, the Self-esteem Scale, the Chinese Version of the Moral Disengagement Scale and the Global Assessment of Internet Trolling. The results from the regression analysis and the mediation effect showed that students with a higher sense of power were less likely to engage in online trolling. Moral disengagement mediated the relationship between a sense of power and online trolling to be higher in trolling. The chain mediating effect of self-esteem and moral disengagement between the sense of power and online trolling was significant, so students with a low sense of power also had lower self-esteem and higher moral disengagement. These findings are consistent with structural power theory, which contends that people with a low sense of power do not regard moral standards and are more likely to engage in online trolling.
{"title":"Sense of power and online trolling among college students: Mediating effects of self-esteem and moral disengagement","authors":"Yiping Zhou, Fang Li, Qinyao Wang, Jiawei Gao","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2219527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2219527","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the relationship between the sense of power and online trolling among college students and the role of self-esteem and moral disengagement in that relationship. Participants were 1 268 college students (females = 61.6%, mean age = 19.94, SD = 2.07 years). The students completed the Sense of Power Scale, the Self-esteem Scale, the Chinese Version of the Moral Disengagement Scale and the Global Assessment of Internet Trolling. The results from the regression analysis and the mediation effect showed that students with a higher sense of power were less likely to engage in online trolling. Moral disengagement mediated the relationship between a sense of power and online trolling to be higher in trolling. The chain mediating effect of self-esteem and moral disengagement between the sense of power and online trolling was significant, so students with a low sense of power also had lower self-esteem and higher moral disengagement. These findings are consistent with structural power theory, which contends that people with a low sense of power do not regard moral standards and are more likely to engage in online trolling.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"378 - 383"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44622910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2195715
Liao Yanyan, Chenhong Xu
This study aimed to explore the mediation of body esteem and social support in the relationship between attachment and general well-being in breast cancer patients. We collected data from 150 women with breast cancer and 150 healthy women. Employing bootstrap analysis with 5 000 samples using the ordinary least squares regression, we found that higher attachment avoidance was significantly associated with lower general well-being in both the breast cancer patients and healthy comparison peers. Also, body esteem and social support were significantly associated with attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and general well-being. Furthermore, body esteem significantly mediated the relationship between attachment avoidance and well-being in breast cancer patients directly through social support; while social support significantly mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and well-being in breast cancer women directly by body esteem. Therefore, body esteem and social support played a chain intermediary role between attachment avoidance and well-being. These findings suggest a need for breast cancer support programmes for women to enhance their body esteem and sense of social support in the context of their recovery efforts.
{"title":"Attachment and general well-being in breast cancer patients: Mediation of body esteem and social support","authors":"Liao Yanyan, Chenhong Xu","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2195715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2195715","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to explore the mediation of body esteem and social support in the relationship between attachment and general well-being in breast cancer patients. We collected data from 150 women with breast cancer and 150 healthy women. Employing bootstrap analysis with 5 000 samples using the ordinary least squares regression, we found that higher attachment avoidance was significantly associated with lower general well-being in both the breast cancer patients and healthy comparison peers. Also, body esteem and social support were significantly associated with attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and general well-being. Furthermore, body esteem significantly mediated the relationship between attachment avoidance and well-being in breast cancer patients directly through social support; while social support significantly mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and attachment avoidance and well-being in breast cancer women directly by body esteem. Therefore, body esteem and social support played a chain intermediary role between attachment avoidance and well-being. These findings suggest a need for breast cancer support programmes for women to enhance their body esteem and sense of social support in the context of their recovery efforts.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"257 - 262"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47607471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2195713
S. Scholtz
Reviewers are the gatekeepers of knowledge dissemination and promote the scientific validity of research. However, the literature indicates that authors often receive questionable feedback on qualitative manuscripts. This qualitative descriptive study sought to explore the preparedness and experiences of reviewers of psychology journals. Informants were a purposive sample of 27 psychology journal reviewers. They completed open-ended questions on their preparation and experiences reviewing qualitative manuscripts submitted to journals and the recommendations they would share with authors. Thematic analysis indicated preparedness for self-perceptions of novice, emerging versus expert, and review experiences to suggest trivialisation versus invitation and acceptance. For publication success, reviewers perceived a need for qualitative research authors to strengthen their introduction sections, making the study case and method section demonstrate familiarity with their specific qualitative research approach. These findings also suggest a need for continuous qualitative methodology education and reviewer vetting to strengthen qualitative manuscript reviews by psychology journals for scholarly equity and inclusiveness.
{"title":"The qualitative methodology: Preparedness and experiences of journal reviewers","authors":"S. Scholtz","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2195713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2195713","url":null,"abstract":"Reviewers are the gatekeepers of knowledge dissemination and promote the scientific validity of research. However, the literature indicates that authors often receive questionable feedback on qualitative manuscripts. This qualitative descriptive study sought to explore the preparedness and experiences of reviewers of psychology journals. Informants were a purposive sample of 27 psychology journal reviewers. They completed open-ended questions on their preparation and experiences reviewing qualitative manuscripts submitted to journals and the recommendations they would share with authors. Thematic analysis indicated preparedness for self-perceptions of novice, emerging versus expert, and review experiences to suggest trivialisation versus invitation and acceptance. For publication success, reviewers perceived a need for qualitative research authors to strengthen their introduction sections, making the study case and method section demonstrate familiarity with their specific qualitative research approach. These findings also suggest a need for continuous qualitative methodology education and reviewer vetting to strengthen qualitative manuscript reviews by psychology journals for scholarly equity and inclusiveness.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"293 - 299"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42104248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2213956
Qingming Liu, Huimin Cui, D. Dong
Social interactions play a vital role in everyday life . Successful social interaction requires the ability to understand and predict internal events based on the mental states of others (such as intentions, desires, and emotions), which might be dubbed . The ability to understand and predict events in terms of other people’s mental states, such as their intentions, beliefs, emotions, and desires, is termed Theory of Mind [ToM]) . ToM is an indispensable component of the social interaction process . It is generally assumed that social cognition can help us understand ourselves, others, and the surrounding environment (Moskowitz & Olcaysoy Okten, 2017) . However, at present, most publications on social interaction and social cognition focus on a single age-group variable . Discussions on the possibilities of interactions between different developmental stages are rare . The edited book The Cognitive Basis of Social Interaction Across the Lifespan (2021) attempts to close this gap . It combines the research results involving different stages of development, presents the overall developmental landscape of social communication skills, and examines the cognitive basis of social interaction during one’s life cycle . The book comprises nine chapters. The first chapter, by one of the editors, Ferguson, offers an introduction to the whole book . In Chapter 2-6, the authors review and summarise the research findings of various developmental stages from infancy to old age . In Chapter 7 and 8, the authors discuss the influence of autism and neurodegenerative disorders on social abilities . In Chapter 9, Bradford, De Lillo and Ferguson summarise the present findings and future research prospects in this field. Chapter 1 clarifies the basic concepts of social interaction and emphasises the importance of the lifespan approach . Then, Ferguson outlines some classic theories and mechanisms of successful socialising (folk psychology and simulation theory, among others) and showcases a range of methodological approaches to this topic, emphasising the challenges inherent in applying them across the lifespan . Chapter 2 presents critical periods for the development of social interactions in infancy . Neonates and infants can participate in social interactions from birth; thus, the modes of social interaction have become increasingly complex . It is often noted that infants can distinguish between the animate and inanimate and prefer stimuli in the social context (Legerstee, 1992) . After one and a half years, the primordial form of ToM appears in the behaviour of infants, who may imitate the interaction of external objects with others (Carpenter et al ., 1998) . At the age of two, infants acquire simple ToM (or folk psychology) and shared intentionality . From approximately the age of four, children begin to develop meta-representational ToM . However, several recent studies have questioned this developmental model of social interactions . During infancy, babies may
社会交往在日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。成功的社会互动需要理解和预测基于他人心理状态(如意图、欲望和情感)的内部事件的能力，这可能被称为。根据他人的心理状态(如他们的意图、信仰、情感和欲望)来理解和预测事件的能力被称为心智理论(Theory of Mind, ToM)。ToM是社会互动过程中不可或缺的组成部分。一般认为，社会认知可以帮助我们了解自己、他人和周围环境(Moskowitz & Olcaysoy Okten, 2017)。然而，目前大多数关于社会互动和社会认知的出版物都集中在一个单一的年龄组变量上。关于不同发育阶段之间相互作用的可能性的讨论很少。编辑的书《一生中社会互动的认知基础》(2021年)试图缩小这一差距。它结合了涉及不同发展阶段的研究成果，呈现了社会沟通技能的整体发展图景，并考察了一个人一生中社会互动的认知基础。这本书共有九章。第一章由其中一位编辑弗格森(Ferguson)撰写，对整本书进行了介绍。在第2-6章中，作者回顾和总结了从婴儿期到老年期各个发育阶段的研究成果。在第七章和第八章中，作者讨论了自闭症和神经退行性疾病对社会能力的影响。在第9章中，Bradford, De Lillo和Ferguson总结了该领域的研究现状和未来的研究前景。第一章阐明了社会互动的基本概念，并强调了生命周期方法的重要性。然后，Ferguson概述了成功社交的一些经典理论和机制(民间心理学和模拟理论等)，并展示了一系列关于这一主题的方法论方法，强调了在整个生命周期中应用这些方法所固有的挑战。第二章介绍了幼儿社会互动发展的关键时期。新生儿和婴儿从出生起就能参与社会互动;因此，社会互动的模式变得越来越复杂。人们经常注意到，婴儿可以区分有生命的和无生命的，并且在社会环境中更喜欢刺激(Legerstee, 1992)。一岁半后，ToM的原始形式出现在婴儿的行为中，他们可能会模仿外部物体与他人的相互作用(Carpenter et al .， 1998)。在两岁时，婴儿获得简单的ToM(或民间心理学)和共同的意向性。从大约四岁开始，孩子们开始发展元表征性ToM。然而，最近的一些研究对这种社会互动的发展模式提出了质疑。在婴儿期，婴儿可能会误解现实并形成错误的信念。根据经验，婴儿是否已经有ToMs的答案是悬而未决的。未来的研究需要更加严谨和科学的方法来研究婴儿期社会互动和认知的发展。在第三章中，Lecce和Devine通过ToM提出了儿童早期和中期社会互动的认知基础，这可能使儿童能够从他人的角度看待自己，从而调整他们的行为和信念。从童年早期到中期，儿童的环境和社会互动发生了巨大的变化。他们的社会互动范围从亲密的家庭成员扩展到同伴和老师(参见。Del Giudice, 2014;Kramer & Kowal, 2005)。作者综合了广泛的文献来评估儿童早期和中期心理理论与社会互动之间的关系。本研究结果表明，ToM与社会互动和社会结果的某些方面有关，这些关系可能受到几个因素的调节，包括儿童本身、环境和社会互动技能。未来的研究应侧重于有意识的社会行为和与伴侣相关的因素对汤姆和社会互动的影响。第四章主要探讨青少年社会认知的发展。青春期是生理和心理发生剧烈变化的时期。这些变化对于社会认知的成熟是必不可少的。青少年社会认知有许多特殊的发展，如面孔感知、心智化、执行功能和情绪调节。恋爱关系和性经历是青少年经历的重要方面。许多学者忽视了青春期是浪漫和性发展的敏感时期(Suleiman et al .， 2017)。 正如Donaldson和Mills所断言的那样，“目前的发展认知文献缺乏一个框架来理解社会认知发展如何有益于青春期的交配心理”。70)在第四章。在这一时期结束时，青少年不再依赖父母，而是接受书评
{"title":"The Cognitive Basis of Social Interaction Across the Lifespan","authors":"Qingming Liu, Huimin Cui, D. Dong","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2213956","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2213956","url":null,"abstract":"Social interactions play a vital role in everyday life . Successful social interaction requires the ability to understand and predict internal events based on the mental states of others (such as intentions, desires, and emotions), which might be dubbed . The ability to understand and predict events in terms of other people’s mental states, such as their intentions, beliefs, emotions, and desires, is termed Theory of Mind [ToM]) . ToM is an indispensable component of the social interaction process . It is generally assumed that social cognition can help us understand ourselves, others, and the surrounding environment (Moskowitz & Olcaysoy Okten, 2017) . However, at present, most publications on social interaction and social cognition focus on a single age-group variable . Discussions on the possibilities of interactions between different developmental stages are rare . The edited book The Cognitive Basis of Social Interaction Across the Lifespan (2021) attempts to close this gap . It combines the research results involving different stages of development, presents the overall developmental landscape of social communication skills, and examines the cognitive basis of social interaction during one’s life cycle . The book comprises nine chapters. The first chapter, by one of the editors, Ferguson, offers an introduction to the whole book . In Chapter 2-6, the authors review and summarise the research findings of various developmental stages from infancy to old age . In Chapter 7 and 8, the authors discuss the influence of autism and neurodegenerative disorders on social abilities . In Chapter 9, Bradford, De Lillo and Ferguson summarise the present findings and future research prospects in this field. Chapter 1 clarifies the basic concepts of social interaction and emphasises the importance of the lifespan approach . Then, Ferguson outlines some classic theories and mechanisms of successful socialising (folk psychology and simulation theory, among others) and showcases a range of methodological approaches to this topic, emphasising the challenges inherent in applying them across the lifespan . Chapter 2 presents critical periods for the development of social interactions in infancy . Neonates and infants can participate in social interactions from birth; thus, the modes of social interaction have become increasingly complex . It is often noted that infants can distinguish between the animate and inanimate and prefer stimuli in the social context (Legerstee, 1992) . After one and a half years, the primordial form of ToM appears in the behaviour of infants, who may imitate the interaction of external objects with others (Carpenter et al ., 1998) . At the age of two, infants acquire simple ToM (or folk psychology) and shared intentionality . From approximately the age of four, children begin to develop meta-representational ToM . However, several recent studies have questioned this developmental model of social interactions . During infancy, babies may","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"300 - 302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43775050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2195716
Shi Zhenrong, Yang Yuntong, Luo Yanhong, Zhang Bin
This study set out to explore the mediating role of achievement motivation and the moderating role of self-esteem in the association between self-consciousness and grit of adolescents. Participants were adolescent students from a Chinese rural middle school (n = 422; female = 58.8%; mean age = 14.13 years; SD = 1.61 years). They completed the Self-Consciousness Scale (SCS), the Grit Scale, the Achievement Motivation Scale (AMS), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The results showed that self-consciousness, achievement motivation, and self-esteem were significantly and positively related to grit. Further, self-consciousness was significantly associated with grit. Moderation-mediation modelling analysis results showed that achievement motivation significantly and indirectly mediated the relationship between self-consciousness and grit. The indirect effect of achievement motivation was significantly moderated by self-esteem, suggesting that with an increased level of self-esteem, self-consciousness effects on achievement motivation weakened. Both achievement motivation and self-esteem appeared to be mechanisms for increasing resilience in rural adolescent students.
{"title":"Self-consciousness and grit in rural adolescents: Moderation by self-esteem and mediation by achievement motivation","authors":"Shi Zhenrong, Yang Yuntong, Luo Yanhong, Zhang Bin","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2195716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2195716","url":null,"abstract":"This study set out to explore the mediating role of achievement motivation and the moderating role of self-esteem in the association between self-consciousness and grit of adolescents. Participants were adolescent students from a Chinese rural middle school (n = 422; female = 58.8%; mean age = 14.13 years; SD = 1.61 years). They completed the Self-Consciousness Scale (SCS), the Grit Scale, the Achievement Motivation Scale (AMS), and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). The results showed that self-consciousness, achievement motivation, and self-esteem were significantly and positively related to grit. Further, self-consciousness was significantly associated with grit. Moderation-mediation modelling analysis results showed that achievement motivation significantly and indirectly mediated the relationship between self-consciousness and grit. The indirect effect of achievement motivation was significantly moderated by self-esteem, suggesting that with an increased level of self-esteem, self-consciousness effects on achievement motivation weakened. Both achievement motivation and self-esteem appeared to be mechanisms for increasing resilience in rural adolescent students.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"221 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48754881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2023.2195705
Qin Chen, Li Zhang, Zhenduo Zhang
We explored the relationship between helping behaviour and career marketability, explicating the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions in that relationship. A total of 203 full-time Chinese workers (female = 51.2%; mean age = 32.27 years, SD = 6.34 years; managers = 16.7%) in the construction industry completed a two-wave survey on helping behaviour and career marketability. Path analyses results indicated that helping behaviour enhances both perceived internal and external marketability. Psychological meaningfulness and work attentiveness sequentially mediated the relationship between helping behaviour and career marketability positively. Psychological entitlement moderates the indirect relationships between helping behaviour and career marketability for those with low psychological entitlement. In our sample, male employees had higher work attentiveness than female employees. This study provides important insights about psychological meaningfulness and work attentiveness as work resources for career advancement through helping behaviours. Human resources managers may improve organisational productivity by rewarding helping behaviour at work.
{"title":"Achieving career marketability through helping others: A moderated mediation model","authors":"Qin Chen, Li Zhang, Zhenduo Zhang","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2023.2195705","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2023.2195705","url":null,"abstract":"We explored the relationship between helping behaviour and career marketability, explicating the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions in that relationship. A total of 203 full-time Chinese workers (female = 51.2%; mean age = 32.27 years, SD = 6.34 years; managers = 16.7%) in the construction industry completed a two-wave survey on helping behaviour and career marketability. Path analyses results indicated that helping behaviour enhances both perceived internal and external marketability. Psychological meaningfulness and work attentiveness sequentially mediated the relationship between helping behaviour and career marketability positively. Psychological entitlement moderates the indirect relationships between helping behaviour and career marketability for those with low psychological entitlement. In our sample, male employees had higher work attentiveness than female employees. This study provides important insights about psychological meaningfulness and work attentiveness as work resources for career advancement through helping behaviours. Human resources managers may improve organisational productivity by rewarding helping behaviour at work.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"207 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47176439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.1080/14330237.2022.2121056
Jinkai Cheng, Chaojian Zhang
This study examined the mediating role of psychological detachment from work and the moderating influence of perceived organisational telework task support in the relationship between the extent of telecommuting and the job performance of employees. Using a time-lag study design, we collected data from a sample of 435 employees from several companies in China during the COVID-19 pandemic (female = 67.8%; 31–40 years old = 51.7%; mean telecommuting hours = 8.29 hours per week; SD = 11.86). Following the mediating analyses, our results showed psychological detachment from work significantly mediated this relationship between the extent of telecommuting and the job performance of employees, so that employee job performance was lower. Furthermore, perceived organisational telework task support did not moderate the relationship between the extent of telecommuting and job performance. These findings suggest a need for work managers to provide telecommute support as part of work organisation COVID-19 mitigation.
{"title":"Telecommuting and job performance during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediating role of psychological detachment from work","authors":"Jinkai Cheng, Chaojian Zhang","doi":"10.1080/14330237.2022.2121056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2022.2121056","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the mediating role of psychological detachment from work and the moderating influence of perceived organisational telework task support in the relationship between the extent of telecommuting and the job performance of employees. Using a time-lag study design, we collected data from a sample of 435 employees from several companies in China during the COVID-19 pandemic (female = 67.8%; 31–40 years old = 51.7%; mean telecommuting hours = 8.29 hours per week; SD = 11.86). Following the mediating analyses, our results showed psychological detachment from work significantly mediated this relationship between the extent of telecommuting and the job performance of employees, so that employee job performance was lower. Furthermore, perceived organisational telework task support did not moderate the relationship between the extent of telecommuting and job performance. These findings suggest a need for work managers to provide telecommute support as part of work organisation COVID-19 mitigation.","PeriodicalId":46959,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Psychology in Africa","volume":"33 1","pages":"270 - 275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46422578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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