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History of Political Economy最新文献

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Writing about Economics 经济学写作
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875059
Peter Coy
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引用次数: 0
Untangling Concepts of Objectivity in Nineteenth-Century Social Reform: Harriet Martineau and Henry Mayhew Observe Urban Poverty 19世纪社会改革中客观性概念的解开——哈丽特·马蒂诺和亨利·梅休对城市贫困的观察
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875002
E. Forget
This article examines emerging concepts of objectivity in the work of Harriet Martineau and Henry Mayhew. It focuses on Martineau's How to Observe Morals and Manners (1838) and Mayhew's London Labour and the London Poor (1861), documenting how ideas about objectivity appeared in journalism and popular writing by these two prolific nineteenth-century social commentators.
本文考察了Harriet Martineau和Henry Mayhew作品中出现的客观性概念。它聚焦于Martineau的《如何观察道德和举止》(1838年)和Mayhew的《伦敦劳工与伦敦穷人》(1861年),记录了这两位19世纪多产的社会评论家在新闻和大众写作中如何出现客观性思想。
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引用次数: 0
Economics as “a Story Engine”: John D. McDonald and Business as Game and Gamble 经济学是“故事引擎”:约翰·麦克唐纳和商业是游戏和赌博
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875031
T. Mata
John D. McDonald was a writer and editor best known for his work at Fortune magazine in the 1950s and 1960s and as the ghostwriter of the memoirs of Alfred P. Sloan. McDonald was also the first person to popularize game theory. In this article I argue that game theory played a key role in McDonald's transition from documentary writer to business journalist. Game theory gave McDonald a journalistic device to discover business stories and to give those stories a driving tension; he called it a “story engine.” After decades writing with game theory, it began to serve a different purpose for McDonald. By coding business stories as games, McDonald gained insight into the characters, corporate executives who were often brief in explanations and shallow in self-understanding. McDonald's career gives us a glimpse at an extraordinary transformation of how a set of scholarly ideas can become a literary resource for vividness (of stories) and depth (of characters).
约翰·麦克唐纳是一位作家和编辑,因其在20世纪50年代和60年代在《财富》杂志的工作以及阿尔弗雷德·P·斯隆回忆录的代笔而闻名。麦克唐纳也是第一个普及博弈论的人。在这篇文章中,我认为博弈论在麦当劳从纪录片作家到商业记者的转变中发挥了关键作用。博弈论为麦当劳提供了一种发现商业故事的新闻手段,并使这些故事具有驱动力;他称之为“故事引擎”。在用博弈论写作了几十年后,它开始为麦当劳服务。通过将商业故事编码为游戏,麦当劳深入了解了这些角色,即那些解释简短、自我理解肤浅的企业高管。麦克唐纳的职业生涯让我们得以一窥一套学术思想如何成为(故事)生动性和(人物)深度的文学资源的非凡转变。
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引用次数: 1
Crafting Newsworthiness in the Intersection of “Business” and “Journalism”: The Role of Context and Identity in Nascent Economic News Practice in Sweden 在“商业”和“新闻”的交叉点制作新闻价值:背景和身份在瑞典新生经济新闻实践中的作用
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875101
Maria Grafström
In this article, I explore how economic information was turned into newsworthy content in Sweden during the 1960s and 1970s. Professional norms and identities of “business journalists” were during the 1960s yet to be developed, and there were concerns raised whether issues about the corporate world and the economy were suitable to turn into journalistic news content at all. Conceptualizing newsworthiness as a logic of appropriateness, the analysis focuses on the roles that professional norms and identities played in forming nascent economic news practice. The empirical findings show that there was not one way—or one place—that this newsworthiness was constructed. Instead, nascent economic news was produced in two highly separated organizational settings: one rooted in the journalistic world and one in the business world. Depending on the context, significantly different methods and ideas guided the nascent work of creating newsworthiness for economic information.
在这篇文章中,我探讨了20世纪60年代和70年代瑞典的经济信息是如何转化为有新闻价值的内容的。在20世纪60年代,“商业记者”的职业规范和身份尚未形成,人们担心有关企业界和经济的问题是否适合转化为新闻内容。将新闻价值概念化为一种适当的逻辑,分析的重点是职业规范和身份在形成新生的经济新闻实践中所起的作用。实证研究结果表明,这种新闻价值不是通过一种方式或一个地方构建起来的。相反,新生的经济新闻是在两个高度分离的组织环境中产生的:一个植根于新闻界,一个植根于商界。根据不同的背景,为经济信息创造新闻价值的新工作采用了截然不同的方法和理念。
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引用次数: 0
The Cultural Decline of the Chilean Model: The Aftermath of the 2019 Social Uprising 智利模式的文化衰落:2019年社会起义的后果
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875143
Tomás Undurraga, M. Gárate
This article examines the debates surrounding Chile's economic model after the 2019 social uprising. It does so by studying how the leading columnists in the Chilean print media discussed the country's economic model between 2019 and 2021. The social uprising shook the political stability, social order, and economic certainty that had characterized the Chilean model for thirty years. Further, the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic triggered a triple crisis—socioeconomic, political, and medical—that raised serious questions as to the market model's ability to guarantee social security. The analysis of the public debate shows how two landmarks of the Chilean model, namely, its legitimacy as a development path and the exclusive right of economists to discuss the economy, were subjected to questioning. The columnists' debate reflects a model in crisis that contrasts drastically with the optimistic narrative of Chile as a “model” country in Latin America. The 2019 social uprising also marked a critical shift in both the ways in which the economy is discussed and who is authorized to legitimately debate economic issues in the public sphere, thus constituting a break from the technocratic consensus regarding market-led policies. If the aftermath of the social uprising triggered the cultural decline of the Chilean model as a dispositive to justify market-oriented policies, the way in which the economy is publicly discussed also changed radically.
本文考察了2019年社会起义后围绕智利经济模式的争论。它通过研究智利印刷媒体的主要专栏作家如何在2019年至2021年间讨论该国的经济模式来做到这一点。社会起义动摇了三十年来智利模式的政治稳定、社会秩序和经济确定性。此外,2020年新冠肺炎疫情引发了社会经济、政治和医疗三重危机,这对市场模式保障社会保障的能力提出了严重质疑。对公开辩论的分析表明,智利模式的两个里程碑,即其作为发展道路的合法性和经济学家讨论经济的专属权利,是如何受到质疑的。专栏作家的辩论反映了一种危机中的模式,与智利作为拉丁美洲“模范”国家的乐观叙事形成了鲜明对比。2019年的社会起义也标志着讨论经济的方式和谁有权在公共领域合法辩论经济问题的方式发生了重大转变,从而打破了关于市场主导政策的技术官僚共识。如果说社会起义的后果引发了智利模式的文化衰落,认为这是一种为市场导向政策辩护的决定,那么公开讨论经济的方式也发生了根本性的变化。
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引用次数: 0
“The British Lions Crouched to a Nest of Owls”: The South Sea Bubble through the Lens of the London Press 《英国狮子蜷缩在一窝猫头鹰面前》:伦敦出版社镜头下的南海泡沫
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10874988
C. Wennerlind
The South Sea Bubble is one of history's most iconic economic events. While much ink was spilled during the bubble year to make sense of events as they unfolded, commentators were left scrambling for ways to grasp what happened because no one had ever experienced a stock market bubble before. This article focuses on how the London press covered the events that later became known as the South Sea Bubble. A review of every newspaper article in which the company was mentioned during the year of 1720 captures how the movement of the price of the company's stock was interpreted, as well as how it was related to broader social, political, and geopolitical affairs.
南海泡沫是历史上最具标志性的经济事件之一。尽管在泡沫年里,人们花了很多笔墨来解释事件发生时的意义,但评论员们仍在争先恐后地想办法理解发生了什么,因为此前从未有人经历过股市泡沫。本文关注的是伦敦媒体是如何报道后来被称为南海泡沫的事件的。回顾一下在1720年提到该公司的每一篇报纸文章,就会发现人们是如何解读该公司股票价格的变动的,以及它与更广泛的社会、政治和地缘政治事务的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Flawed Players in a Complex Game: Popular Audiovisual Explanations of Economics in the United States 复杂游戏中的缺陷玩家:美国流行的经济学视听解释
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875129
Roei Davidson
This article analyzes Money, Explained, a five-episode video series produced by the American explanatory journalism organization Vox and distributed globally by Netflix, as an exemplar of the recent proliferation of digital media content explaining economic issues to a general public. Such content reflects the increased prominence of news-about-relations in economic news coverage, a news form that aims to explain why current trends and events occur while also echoing early twentieth-century corporate pedagogic films and more recent personal finance journalism that instructs audiences on proper capitalist behavior. The Vox series considers several financial topics all centered on economic problems that individuals experience, involving get-rich-quick schemes, gambling, retirement saving, credit cards, and student loans. It focuses on individuals' psychological flaws as a cause for the problems they encounter and suggests that viewers can change their disposition and modify their individual behavior to surmount these problems. The series identifies some aspects of the economic system as unfair but does not consider the capacity of individuals to act collectively to restructure it.
本文分析了由美国解释性新闻组织Vox制作并由Netflix在全球发行的五集视频连续剧《金钱,解释》,作为最近向公众解释经济问题的数字媒体内容激增的一个例子。这些内容反映了经济新闻报道中关于关系的新闻越来越突出,这种新闻形式旨在解释当前趋势和事件发生的原因,同时也呼应了20世纪早期的企业教育电影和最近的个人金融新闻,指导观众正确的资本主义行为。Vox系列考虑了几个金融主题,都集中在个人经历的经济问题上,包括快速致富计划、赌博、退休储蓄、信用卡和学生贷款。它关注的是个人的心理缺陷是他们遇到问题的原因,并建议观众可以改变他们的性格,改变他们的个人行为来克服这些问题。该系列认定经济体系的某些方面是不公平的,但没有考虑个人集体行动重组经济体系的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Writing about Economics 经济学写作
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875087
David Warsh
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引用次数: 0
Introducing Journalism into the History of Economics 将新闻学引入经济学史
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10874974
T. Mata
The introductory essay to the HOPE supplement on “economics as news” argues why journalism is a deserving subject for research in the history of economics. The case rests on three claims. The first is that the study of journalism gives us a view of a distinct epistemological tradition, of news epistemology, that unsettles the standard convictions of academic knowledge ways. Second, the practices of news organizations are key to understanding how these organizations transform contemporary life into news, marketable products of predictable format. The implication is that economics is featured in news when it is aligned with preexisting journalism practices. Third, journalists acknowledge the existence of domains of expertise but do not feel accountable to them. Ideas that economists may think of as their own are appropriated, repurposed, reinterpreted, and then again and again. Taken together, these arguments describe journalism as an exciting new research territory that will help us understand why so often the body of public economic knowledge diverges from the convictions of credentialed economists.
《希望》增刊“作为新闻的经济学”的导论论述了为什么新闻学是经济学史上值得研究的课题。这个案子的依据有三点。首先,新闻学的研究让我们看到了一种独特的认识论传统,新闻认识论,它动摇了学术知识方式的标准信念。其次,新闻机构的实践是理解这些机构如何将当代生活转变为新闻的关键,可预测格式的市场产品。言下之意是,当经济学与先前存在的新闻实践相一致时,它就会出现在新闻中。第三,记者承认专业领域的存在,但不觉得对它们负责。经济学家可能认为属于自己的观点被挪用、被重新定义、被重新解释,然后一次又一次地重复。综上所述,这些观点将新闻业描述为一个令人兴奋的新研究领域,它将帮助我们理解为什么公共经济知识体系经常与有资格的经济学家的信念背道而驰。
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引用次数: 0
A “Wonderful Program of Economic Pedagogy” in France 法国“经济教育学优秀项目”
IF 0.7 2区 历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875115
Julien Duval
This article deals with a French TV program that was launched in the late 1980s and that is devoted to the economic dimensions of life. It became very popular and still exists today. This article proposes an analysis of this unprecedented success in France, through diversified and complementary perspectives. It aims to characterize the novelty of the program. The article relates the appearance of the program to various broader transformations of the relations between the economic and journalistic fields that occurred in France in the 1980s and 1990s. It focuses on the charismatic leader who created the program and hosted it for the first fifteen years of its existence: he was a former business school student, representing a completely new profile of a journalist at the time. The appearance of the program is then shown to be inextricably linked to the emergence of private TV channels in France at the end of the 1980s. It then proposes an analysis of the style and content of the program, trying to characterize the vision of economic life conveyed by the program.
这篇文章介绍了一个法国电视节目,该节目于20世纪80年代末推出,致力于生活的经济层面。它变得非常流行,至今仍然存在。本文通过多样化和互补的视角,对法国这一前所未有的成功进行了分析。它旨在描述该程序的新颖性。这篇文章将该节目的出现与20世纪80年代和90年代法国经济和新闻领域之间关系的各种更广泛的转变联系起来。它聚焦于创造该节目并在其成立的前十五年主持该节目的魅力领袖:他曾是一名商学院学生,代表了当时一名记者的全新形象。该节目的出现与20世纪80年代末法国私人电视频道的出现密不可分。然后对该节目的风格和内容进行了分析,试图刻画该节目所传达的经济生活愿景。
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引用次数: 0
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History of Political Economy
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