History of Political Economy最新文献

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The Marketizers: Public Choice and the Origins of the Neoliberal Order 市场者:公共选择和新自由主义秩序的起源

2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10956648

Alain Marciano

引用次数: 0

Communist Planning versus Rationality: Mathematical Economics and the Central Plan in Eastern Europe and China 共产主义计划与理性:东欧和中国的数学经济学与中央计划

2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10956622

Vincent Carret

引用次数: 1

Thinking Like an Economist: How Efficiency Replaced Equality in U.S. Public Policy 像经济学家一样思考:美国公共政策中的效率如何取代了平等

2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10956609

H. Spencer Banzhaf

Higher education professionals, both faculty and administrative staff, must have at minimum a basic understanding of how U.S. policy influences their institution, their field, and education generally. For some, grasping frequently convoluted processes and concepts of policymaking may seem a daunting task; yet, policy formation is the foundation of higher education and therefore must be understood, even if only at the most fundamental levels. Elizabeth Popp Berman’s Thinking Like an Economist provides an in-depth view into the role of economics in U.S. policymaking and its applicability to higher education and beyond. While she goes into the trenches of economic reasoning in policymaking, the average non-economically minded higher education professional will be able to glean meaningful takeaways.

引用次数: 5

Emigration with a Pulled Handbrake: Friedrich A. Lutz's Internal Methodenstreit 拉着手刹的移民:弗里德里希·a·卢茨的内部方法

2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10956557

Lachezar Grudev

Abstract This article reconstructs the path of the German economist Friedrich A. Lutz (1901–75) to American economics. The correspondence with his former teacher Walter Eucken, the founder of the Freiburg school, constitutes a crucial yet unexplored source for the article. Through Lutz's case, this article demonstrates the growing gulf between German and Anglo-Saxon economics during the late 1930s. In his native Germany, Lutz was trained in methodologically and institutionally focused economics, which differed fundamentally from the mathematical economics dominating Anglo-Saxon academia. He realized that an academic career in the United States would be impossible if he did not adapt to the new methods and if he did not abandon the methods of the German tradition. This gave rise to his internal Methodenstreit. After his emigration in 1938, he constantly experienced doubts and tensions because he was convinced that without considering institutions, mathematical economics could never explain the occurrence and essence of macroeconomic phenomena. Despite his stellar career at Princeton, it was only after his move to Zurich in 1953, where he taught history and theory of socioeconomics for the rest of his life, that Lutz could reconcile this internal Methodenstreit.

本文重构了德国经济学家弗里德里希·卢茨(1901 - 1975)进入美国经济学的路径。他与以前的老师、弗莱堡学派的创始人沃尔特·欧肯(Walter Eucken)的通信，构成了这篇文章的一个重要但尚未被发掘的来源。通过卢茨的案例，本文展示了20世纪30年代末德国和盎格鲁-撒克逊经济学之间日益扩大的鸿沟。在他的祖国德国，卢茨接受的是方法论和制度经济学的训练，这与主导盎格鲁-撒克逊学术界的数学经济学有着根本的不同。他意识到，如果他不适应新的方法，如果他不放弃德国传统的方法，他在美国的学术生涯是不可能的。这就引起了他内心的方法论斗争。1938年移民后，他不断感到怀疑和紧张，因为他深信，如果不考虑制度，数学经济学永远无法解释宏观经济现象的发生和本质。尽管他在普林斯顿大学有着辉煌的职业生涯，但直到1953年他搬到苏黎世，在那里他余生都在教授历史和社会经济学理论之后，卢茨才能够调和这种内在的方法论。

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引用次数: 0

Thomas Edward Cliffe Leslie's Enthralling Journeys and His Critique of Ricardianism: From Inductive Political Economy to the Emergence of British Historical Economics 托马斯·爱德华·克利夫·莱斯利的迷人旅程及其对李嘉图主义的批判:从归纳政治经济学到英国历史经济学的出现

2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10956596

Manolis Manioudis

Abstract Thomas Edward Cliffe Leslie was one of the founders of British historical economics. He was an important figure in the history of economic thought of the nineteenth century, as he contributed to the critique of Ricardian political economy while at the same time being one of the founders of the British historical school. Cliffe Leslie was influenced by classical economists, such as Adam Smith and J. S. Mill, in calling for a historically and institutionally informed political economy. This article attempts to delineate the evolution of his economic thought by presenting the first phase of his intellectual development, which is marked by his frequent journeys in continental Europe. This phase, which is characterized by his applied political economy, is of considerable importance for understanding the emergence of British historical economics.

莱斯利是英国历史经济学的奠基人之一。他是19世纪经济思想史上的重要人物，因为他对李嘉图政治经济学的批判做出了贡献，同时他也是英国历史学派的创始人之一。克利夫·莱斯利受到亚当·斯密和j.s.密尔等古典经济学家的影响，呼吁建立一种历史和制度上的政治经济学。本文试图通过展示他的智力发展的第一阶段来描绘他的经济思想的演变，这一阶段以他频繁的欧洲大陆旅行为标志。这一阶段以他的应用政治经济学为特征，对于理解英国历史经济学的产生具有相当重要的意义。

引用次数: 0

Political Economy for Hispanic America: José Joaquín de Mora as a Bridge between Continents (1825–43) 拉丁美洲的政治经济学:josise Joaquín de Mora作为大陆之间的桥梁(1825-43)

2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10956583

Jesús Astigarraga, Javier Usoz, Juan Zabalza

Abstract In the early nineteenth century, the gradual transformation of Spain's former American territories into new independent republics required redefining their political and economic frameworks. This process demanded economic reforms, policies, and institutional changes based on the ideas of the Enlightenment and liberalism that fueled a transatlantic flow of political and economic ideas from Europe to the new republics. This article examines the crucial contribution of the Spanish economist José Joaquín de Mora to this migration of ideas. His main achievement was an institutional and economic agenda for the Republic of Chile based on classical political economy and adapted to the new republic's economic, political, and social environment. The primary economic growth process, which Mora also considered appropriate for the rest of the newly created American republics, was the result of a long and successive building process, which the research also tackles.

在19世纪早期，西班牙的前美洲领土逐渐转变为新的独立共和国，需要重新定义其政治和经济框架。这一进程要求以启蒙运动和自由主义思想为基础的经济改革、政策和制度变革，这些思想推动了政治和经济思想从欧洲向新兴共和国的跨大西洋流动。本文考察了西班牙经济学家joss Joaquín de Mora对这一思想迁移的重要贡献。他的主要成就是在古典政治经济学的基础上为智利共和国制定了制度和经济议程，并适应了新共和国的经济、政治和社会环境。Mora认为，主要的经济增长过程也适用于其他新成立的美国共和国，这是一个漫长而连续的建设过程的结果，该研究也涉及到这一点。

引用次数: 0

The Anthem Companion to David Ricardo 大卫·李嘉图的圣歌伴侣

2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10956635

Sergio Cremaschi

引用次数: 0

Treating overactive bladder symptoms after transurethral prostatic surgery for benign prostatic hyperplasia - Which medication to choose? 治疗良性前列腺增生经尿道前列腺手术后膀胱过度活动症状-选择哪种药物?

IF 1.5 2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-08-22 eCollection Date: 2023-10-01 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_123_23

Cheng-Ling Lee, Hann-Chorng Kuo

Objectives: Overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms are often encountered in patients after transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P) or transurethral incision of the prostate (TUI-P) for benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). Either antimuscarinics or β-3 agonist has been found effective in relieving OAB symptoms. However, urologists usually do not prescribe such medication immediately after TUR-P or TUI-P to avoid an increase in postvoid residual and risk of urinary tract infection. If OAB medication can be used and adverse events (AEs) can be reduced to minimum, patients' quality of life after bladder outlet obstruction surgery could be improved. This study compared the safety and efficacy between solifenacin and mirabegron in men undergoing TUR-P or TUI-P.

Materials and methods: This prospective, randomized trial compared the safety and efficacy of OAB medication on the reduction in Urgency Severity Score (USS), OAB Symptoms Score (OABSS), International Prostate Symptom Score, and urgency urinary incontinence episodes in men with BPO undergoing surgical intervention. All patients could void smoothly after catheter removal and were randomly received daily solifenacin 5 mg, mirabegron 50 mg, or no interventions for 4 weeks. At 2 and 4 weeks postoperatively, participants' OAB symptoms and AEs were evaluated.

Results: A total of 57 men were enrolled in this study with a mean age of 70.8 ± 6.1 years. At 2 weeks postoperatively, USS (1.56 ± 1.72 vs. 2.39 ± 1.72 vs. 2.26 ± 1.73, P < 0.011) and OABSS (5.33 ± 3.65 vs. 7.67 ± 4.19 vs. 8.58 ± 4.31, P < 0.000) were significantly reduced in patients taking solifenacin, mirabegron, or control, respectively. Two patients in the solifenacin group developed urinary retention. However, the changes of variables at 4 weeks postoperatively were insignificant among the three groups.

Conclusion: Solifenacin and mirabegron are two different drug classes both equally effective in treating immediate OAB symptoms after TUR-P or TUI-P. However, OAB symptoms could be relieved at 4 weeks without any medication. Considering AEs, β-3 agonist has a more favorable safety profile than antimuscarinics.

目的:膀胱过动(OAB)症状是经尿道前列腺切除术(turp)或经尿道前列腺切开(TUI-P)治疗良性前列腺梗阻(BPO)后常见的症状。抗毒蕈素或β-3激动剂均可有效缓解OAB症状。然而，泌尿科医生通常不会在turp或TUI-P后立即开这种药，以避免增加尿后残留和尿路感染的风险。如果能够使用OAB药物，并将不良事件(ae)降低到最低，则可以改善膀胱出口梗阻手术后患者的生活质量。本研究比较了索利那新和米拉贝龙在turp或TUI-P患者中的安全性和有效性。材料和方法:这项前瞻性随机试验比较了OAB药物对外科手术治疗的BPO患者急症严重程度评分(USS)、OAB症状评分(OABSS)、国际前列腺症状评分(International Prostate Symptom Score)和急症尿失禁发作降低的安全性和有效性。所有患者拔除导管后均能顺利排空，随机给予每日索利那新5 mg、米拉比格隆50 mg，或不干预4周。在术后2周和4周，评估参与者的OAB症状和ae。结果:共有57名男性入组，平均年龄70.8±6.1岁。术后2周，索利那新、米拉比格龙和对照组的USS(1.56±1.72∶2.39±1.72∶2.26±1.73,P < 0.011)和OABSS(5.33±3.65∶7.67±4.19∶8.58±4.31,P < 0.000)分别显著降低。索利那新组2例患者出现尿潴留。但三组术后4周各项指标变化均不显著。结论:索利那新与mirabegron是治疗turp或TUI-P术后即刻OAB症状的两种不同药物类别。然而，在没有任何药物的情况下，OAB症状可以在4周后缓解。考虑到ae， β-3激动剂比抗毒蕈素具有更有利的安全性。

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引用次数: 0

Writing about Economics 经济学写作

IF 0.7 2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875073

Christopher Giles

引用次数: 0

Henry Hazlitt Unbound: Pamphlets, Markets, and Economic Education after World War II 亨利·黑兹利特:《无装订:二战后的小册子、市场和经济教育》

IF 0.7 2区历史学 Q3 ECONOMICS

History of Political Economy

Pub Date : 2023-08-17 DOI: 10.1215/00182702-10875016

P. C. Milazzo

Previous scholars have described the American business journalist Henry Hazlitt as “an intellectual middleman for orthodox economics.” This article examines Hazlitt's career during the immediate post–World War II era to flesh out how he performed this intermediary role in a specific historical context. A spotlight on unbound print media demonstrates how they enabled Hazlitt to transmit his ideas about the postwar political economy beyond traditional mainstream venues, extending and animating the reading public. Hazlitt's engagement with pamphlet literature likewise inspired a collaboration with Leonard Read that helped lay the groundwork for the Foundation for Economic Education (FEE), the first postwar libertarian think tank. Hazlitt and FEE embarked on a reciprocal relationship during the organization's early years: FEE raised Hazlitt's profile by publicizing and disseminating his influential books Economics in One Lesson (1946) and Will Dollars Save the World? (1947) in pamphlet form, while the organization sought to build its brand by linking itself to the journalist's mainstream credibility. Examining Hazlitt's pamphlet trail in this way reaffirms his popular reach; underscores his unique role as an intellectual, interpersonal, and institutional go-between; and makes a case for his inclusion alongside other key figures in the historiography of the twentieth-century American Right.

先前的学者曾将美国商业记者亨利·哈兹利特描述为“正统经济学的知识分子中间人”。本文考察了哈兹利特在二战后的职业生涯，以充实他是如何在特定的历史背景下发挥这种中间作用的。对无约束印刷媒体的关注表明，它们如何使Hazlitt能够将他关于战后政治经济的想法传播到传统主流场所之外，延伸并激励阅读大众。Hazlitt对小册子文学的参与同样激发了他与Leonard Read的合作，这有助于为战后第一个自由主义智库经济教育基金会（FEE）奠定基础。Hazlitt和FEE在该组织的早期建立了互惠关系：FEE通过宣传和传播他有影响力的著作《一课经济学》（1946）和《美元会拯救世界吗？（1947），而该组织试图通过将自己与记者的主流信誉联系起来来建立自己的品牌。以这种方式审视哈兹利特的小册子踪迹，再次证明了他的受欢迎程度；强调了他作为知识分子、人际关系和机构中间人的独特作用；并为他与20世纪美国右翼史学中的其他关键人物一起被收录提供了理由。

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