Joyce Osebe Kenyanya, Gideon Kikuvi, Peter Wanzala, Josephat Nyagero
Purpose: To determine maternal factors associated with low birth weight among neonates born at Thika Level Five Hospital in Kiambu County, Kenya.
Methodology: Cross sectional convergent design was employed. The target group composed of mothers who delivered in the hospital during the study period (July-August, 2019). Census method was used to recruit participants for a quantitative study. Purposive sampling was used to select participants for FGDs and KIIs. Sample size was determined using the Cochran formula. Desired sample size was 210 mothers which was adjusted to 215 participants. Independent variables included: socio-demographic, socio-economic, socio-cultural, behavioral, and health of the mothers. Dependent variable was LBW which was classified further into LBW, very LBW, extremely LBW. (UNICEF, 2010). Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using Stata statistical version 14, logistic regression and NVivo version 14 respectively,
Findings: ≥35 years of mothers OR=13.67, p=0.018, CL [1.55-120.12] and the second born children OR=2.98; p=0.025; CL [1.15-7.73] were associated with the overall LBW. Secondary level education OR=0.35; p=0.03; CL [0.14-0.91] was a protection against LBW. Meru OR=17.429, p=0.016, CI [1.7162-176.991] and other tribes OR=10.479, p=0.048, CI [1.025-107.124] were associated with low birth weight. Hypertension OR=3.59; p=0.038; CL [0.14-0.91] and malaria (OR=51.250, p=0.005, CL [3.185-822.132]) were associated with very LBW. ANC-attendance (OR=0.068, p=0.37, CL [0.0055-0.845]) was a protection against extremely LBW OR= 0.07; p=0,037; CL [0.01-0.85].
Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: ≥35 years of mothers are risk factors for low birth weight. Second child is at risk of being low birth weight. Neonates of Meru origin and other minority ethnic groups in Thika are at risk of being LBW. Secondary level education is a protection against low birth weight. Hypertension and malaria are risk factors for very low birth weight. ANC-attendance is a protection against extremely low birth weight. The County Government of Kiambu should develop suitable strategies of strengthening maternal and child services at level one.
{"title":"Maternal Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight Among Neonates Born at Thika Level 5 Hospital in Kiambu County, Kenya","authors":"Joyce Osebe Kenyanya, Gideon Kikuvi, Peter Wanzala, Josephat Nyagero","doi":"10.47941/ijhs.1464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47941/ijhs.1464","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To determine maternal factors associated with low birth weight among neonates born at Thika Level Five Hospital in Kiambu County, Kenya.
 Methodology: Cross sectional convergent design was employed. The target group composed of mothers who delivered in the hospital during the study period (July-August, 2019). Census method was used to recruit participants for a quantitative study. Purposive sampling was used to select participants for FGDs and KIIs. Sample size was determined using the Cochran formula. Desired sample size was 210 mothers which was adjusted to 215 participants. Independent variables included: socio-demographic, socio-economic, socio-cultural, behavioral, and health of the mothers. Dependent variable was LBW which was classified further into LBW, very LBW, extremely LBW. (UNICEF, 2010). Quantitative and qualitative data were analyzed using Stata statistical version 14, logistic regression and NVivo version 14 respectively,
 Findings: ≥35 years of mothers OR=13.67, p=0.018, CL [1.55-120.12] and the second born children OR=2.98; p=0.025; CL [1.15-7.73] were associated with the overall LBW. Secondary level education OR=0.35; p=0.03; CL [0.14-0.91] was a protection against LBW. Meru OR=17.429, p=0.016, CI [1.7162-176.991] and other tribes OR=10.479, p=0.048, CI [1.025-107.124] were associated with low birth weight. Hypertension OR=3.59; p=0.038; CL [0.14-0.91] and malaria (OR=51.250, p=0.005, CL [3.185-822.132]) were associated with very LBW. ANC-attendance (OR=0.068, p=0.37, CL [0.0055-0.845]) was a protection against extremely LBW OR= 0.07; p=0,037; CL [0.01-0.85].
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: ≥35 years of mothers are risk factors for low birth weight. Second child is at risk of being low birth weight. Neonates of Meru origin and other minority ethnic groups in Thika are at risk of being LBW. Secondary level education is a protection against low birth weight. Hypertension and malaria are risk factors for very low birth weight. ANC-attendance is a protection against extremely low birth weight. The County Government of Kiambu should develop suitable strategies of strengthening maternal and child services at level one.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"100 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135695902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-01DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14583
Ghidi Abdelkader
Sports medicine is the science that studies the most important injuries that athletes may be exposed to During discussions or training. It also shows how these injuries can be prevented. In this study, the researcher has revealed the importance of this science in the mathematical sciences field, and revealed the importance of studying this science, then to benefit from the previous experiences of doctors in this significant specialty. Also, integrating it into the modern training methodology. The researcher followed the descriptive approach. The results were clear about the importance and role of sports medicine in the field of sports.
{"title":"importance of sports medicine in modern sports among Algerian teams","authors":"Ghidi Abdelkader","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14583","url":null,"abstract":"Sports medicine is the science that studies the most important injuries that athletes may be exposed to During discussions or training. It also shows how these injuries can be prevented. In this study, the researcher has revealed the importance of this science in the mathematical sciences field, and revealed the importance of studying this science, then to benefit from the previous experiences of doctors in this significant specialty. Also, integrating it into the modern training methodology. The researcher followed the descriptive approach. The results were clear about the importance and role of sports medicine in the field of sports.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135372850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-30DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14579
Yamen Almeghawesh
Background: aberrant & accelerated wound-healing process that results in hypertrophic scarring causes extracellular matrix & collagen to deposit abnormally in the dermis. After tissue damage occurs, a defensive reaction called tissue repair occurs. Aim; in this review; we aimed to present the effectiveness of low-energy fractional carbon dioxide laser therapy in treating hypertrophic scars following surgery. Summary: A safe & effective approach for treating hypertrophic burn scars is fractional ablative CO2 laser therapy. Even though more treatment sessions have been necessary for satisfying outcomes, a big improvement can be seen after just one round of therapy. Combination therapy with other modalities can decrease the need for repetition of therapy as efficacy increases. Though, in some studies, combination therapy may shorten the duration of studied case downtime & in others, combination therapy may increase side effects. essential for laser energy setting needs to be adjusted for each hypertrophic scar condition. larger research population & longer follow-up period are recommended.
{"title":"efficacy of low energy fractional carbon dioxide laser therapy in management of post-surgical hypertrophic scars","authors":"Yamen Almeghawesh","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14579","url":null,"abstract":"Background: aberrant & accelerated wound-healing process that results in hypertrophic scarring causes extracellular matrix & collagen to deposit abnormally in the dermis. After tissue damage occurs, a defensive reaction called tissue repair occurs. Aim; in this review; we aimed to present the effectiveness of low-energy fractional carbon dioxide laser therapy in treating hypertrophic scars following surgery. Summary: A safe & effective approach for treating hypertrophic burn scars is fractional ablative CO2 laser therapy. Even though more treatment sessions have been necessary for satisfying outcomes, a big improvement can be seen after just one round of therapy. Combination therapy with other modalities can decrease the need for repetition of therapy as efficacy increases. Though, in some studies, combination therapy may shorten the duration of studied case downtime & in others, combination therapy may increase side effects. essential for laser energy setting needs to be adjusted for each hypertrophic scar condition. larger research population & longer follow-up period are recommended.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136277909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-29DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14577
Yamen Almeghawesh
Giantomastia has been a pathological condition in which excised breast tissue weighs more than1.5 kg per breast or when breast weight surpasses three percent of body weight. epidermis & Cooper's ligaments, which support breast tissue, expand as a result of breasts becoming heavier & larger, which causes breast ptosis. Numerous methods for correcting gigantomastia have been discovered. amputation for decreased studied cases who complain of gigantomastia & severe ptosis (space among nipple & inframammary fold exceeds twenty-five cm) are only eligible for mammaplasty with free nipple-areola grafting. purpose of that surgery is to achieve breast shape size that is acceptable while also relieving pain & suffering brought on by excessive breast tissue hypertrophy. flat, boxy breasts with poor projection is the main drawback of that treatment. Several flaps, including superior, inferior, medial, superomedial,& lateral-based flaps combined with wise-pattern skin excision, are employed to address this drawback.
{"title":"Combined superior and inferior dermoglandular flaps for projection enhancement in giantic breast amputation and free nipple areola graft","authors":"Yamen Almeghawesh","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14577","url":null,"abstract":"Giantomastia has been a pathological condition in which excised breast tissue weighs more than1.5 kg per breast or when breast weight surpasses three percent of body weight. epidermis & Cooper's ligaments, which support breast tissue, expand as a result of breasts becoming heavier & larger, which causes breast ptosis. Numerous methods for correcting gigantomastia have been discovered. amputation for decreased studied cases who complain of gigantomastia & severe ptosis (space among nipple & inframammary fold exceeds twenty-five cm) are only eligible for mammaplasty with free nipple-areola grafting. purpose of that surgery is to achieve breast shape size that is acceptable while also relieving pain & suffering brought on by excessive breast tissue hypertrophy. flat, boxy breasts with poor projection is the main drawback of that treatment. Several flaps, including superior, inferior, medial, superomedial,& lateral-based flaps combined with wise-pattern skin excision, are employed to address this drawback.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135199758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14575
Mahmoud Mohamed Kamaleldin Mohamed Omar, Curtis Westersund, Fabio Savastano, Julio Suay Anton
The stomatognathic system includes the relationship between teeth, masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints with its relation with body and head posture. Aim of the study: This Systematic review is to research the relationship between occlusion and body posture. Materials and methods-Study design: This is a literature systematic review which is done after collecting more than 10 previous papers. Inclusion criteria: Papers explaining dental occlusion in details and its correlation with body and head posture. Exclusion criteria: Papers about occlusion focusing on occlusal splints and lab work. Conclusion: There is a strong relation between dental occlusion class, head, and body posture through PDL and the trigeminal nerve in the brain. Accordingly, the occlusion affects the posture and, more importantly, the position of the condyle in the temporal fossa. It was always believed that condyle position comes first then the occlusion, but it is the other way around.
{"title":"relationship between occlusion and posture","authors":"Mahmoud Mohamed Kamaleldin Mohamed Omar, Curtis Westersund, Fabio Savastano, Julio Suay Anton","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14575","url":null,"abstract":"The stomatognathic system includes the relationship between teeth, masticatory muscles and temporomandibular joints with its relation with body and head posture. Aim of the study: This Systematic review is to research the relationship between occlusion and body posture. Materials and methods-Study design: This is a literature systematic review which is done after collecting more than 10 previous papers. Inclusion criteria: Papers explaining dental occlusion in details and its correlation with body and head posture. Exclusion criteria: Papers about occlusion focusing on occlusal splints and lab work. Conclusion: There is a strong relation between dental occlusion class, head, and body posture through PDL and the trigeminal nerve in the brain. Accordingly, the occlusion affects the posture and, more importantly, the position of the condyle in the temporal fossa. It was always believed that condyle position comes first then the occlusion, but it is the other way around.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"96 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135386510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14574
Yaser M El Sheikh, Mohamed F M A Seleem, Hossam H Fawzy
Background: Mandibular fractures, including fractures of the subcondylar and condylar regions, are common facial fractures. Sub condylar fractures account for 20–62% of all mandibular fractures. But their management remains controversial. Although closed reduction is the most useful method, it can be difficult to achieve anatomical reduction with this technique compared with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Aim of the work: To compare between intraoral and extraoral approaches in management of submandibular fracture. Patients and methods: This comparative study was conducted in the plastic surgery department, Faculty of medicine-Menoufia University on 20 patients complaining of sub condylar fracture of mandible. Patients were classified into two groups based on surgical approach: Group A: included ten patients undergoing surgical fixation via the intraoral approach. Group B: included ten patients undergoing surgical fixation via extraoral approach Group. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between groups regarding operating and time. Intraoral approach had a signifcanlty longer operating time compared to extraoral. A statistically significant difference was found between groups regarding interincisal distance. Intraoral approach had a significantly larger interincisal distance compared to extraoral approaches. A statistically significant difference was found between groups regrading field of exposure extraoral have wide field of exposure.
{"title":"Compare between intraorala and extraoral approaches of subcondylar mandibular fracture management","authors":"Yaser M El Sheikh, Mohamed F M A Seleem, Hossam H Fawzy","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14574","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mandibular fractures, including fractures of the subcondylar and condylar regions, are common facial fractures. Sub condylar fractures account for 20–62% of all mandibular fractures. But their management remains controversial. Although closed reduction is the most useful method, it can be difficult to achieve anatomical reduction with this technique compared with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF). Aim of the work: To compare between intraoral and extraoral approaches in management of submandibular fracture. Patients and methods: This comparative study was conducted in the plastic surgery department, Faculty of medicine-Menoufia University on 20 patients complaining of sub condylar fracture of mandible. Patients were classified into two groups based on surgical approach: Group A: included ten patients undergoing surgical fixation via the intraoral approach. Group B: included ten patients undergoing surgical fixation via extraoral approach Group. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between groups regarding operating and time. Intraoral approach had a signifcanlty longer operating time compared to extraoral. A statistically significant difference was found between groups regarding interincisal distance. Intraoral approach had a significantly larger interincisal distance compared to extraoral approaches. A statistically significant difference was found between groups regrading field of exposure extraoral have wide field of exposure.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"88 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135386503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most frequent injuries to the maxillofacial area is a fractured mandible. Multiple places can experience fractures. The inferior alveolar nerve is commonly injured by mandibular fractures. Objective: The study's objective was to determine the frequency of inferior alveolar nerve damage in patients who had internal fixation and open reduction of a mandibular fracture at the Ayub Teaching Hospital in Abbottabad. Methodology: With approval from the institution's ethics committee and CPSP, this descriptive case series was finished at the Department of Maxillofacial of the Ayub Teaching Hospital in Abbottabad. The method to evaluate percentage with absolute precision and the accompanying assumption were used to compute the sample size using the WHO programme for computing sample sizes in health research. Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.81+5.63 years, with a range of ages from 26 to 45. The age categories with the highest incidence were 26-30 (n=23, 23.96%), followed by the age ranges 36-40 and 41-45 (n=26, 27.08%). 75 (78.12%) men and 21 (21.88%) women participated in the research. General anaesthesia was used by the majority of patients (n=90; 93.75%), whereas local anaesthesia was used by the remaining patients (n=6; 6.25%).
{"title":"Occurrence of inferior alveolar nerve damage after internal fixation and open reduction in patients visiting Ayub Medical College with mandibular fractures","authors":"Alamgir Alamgir, Asmat Ullah, Afifa Tariq, Akif Mahmud, None Maida Jadoon, Fatima Siraj","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7ns1.14561","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most frequent injuries to the maxillofacial area is a fractured mandible. Multiple places can experience fractures. The inferior alveolar nerve is commonly injured by mandibular fractures. Objective: The study's objective was to determine the frequency of inferior alveolar nerve damage in patients who had internal fixation and open reduction of a mandibular fracture at the Ayub Teaching Hospital in Abbottabad. Methodology: With approval from the institution's ethics committee and CPSP, this descriptive case series was finished at the Department of Maxillofacial of the Ayub Teaching Hospital in Abbottabad. The method to evaluate percentage with absolute precision and the accompanying assumption were used to compute the sample size using the WHO programme for computing sample sizes in health research. Results: The mean age of the participants was 35.81+5.63 years, with a range of ages from 26 to 45. The age categories with the highest incidence were 26-30 (n=23, 23.96%), followed by the age ranges 36-40 and 41-45 (n=26, 27.08%). 75 (78.12%) men and 21 (21.88%) women participated in the research. General anaesthesia was used by the majority of patients (n=90; 93.75%), whereas local anaesthesia was used by the remaining patients (n=6; 6.25%).","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"244 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135815958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Development is the increase in ability (skill) in more complex body structures and functions in a regular and predictable pattern, as a result of the maturation process. Here it involves the process of differentiation of body cells, body tissues, organs, each of which can fulfill Function: Research Objective: To determine the relationship between mother's work and the development of children aged toddlers (1-3 years) in the working area of the Kalabbirang health center, Minasatene sub-district, Pangkep district.
Analytical Survey research design with a Cross Sectional study approach. Samples were drawn using purposive sampling technique from 32 respondents. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. The collected data was processed using the Chi-Square statistical test using the computer program SPSS version 11.5.
In general, it can be concluded that based on the results of the research conducted, several suggestions can be made to related parties regarding the relationship between maternal employment and the development of toddler children aged 1-3 years. For the Kalabbirang Community Health Center, Minasa te'ne District, Pangkep Regency, so that in this case the nursing staff who carry out nursing care can pay attention to the impact where patients experience conditions where there is a threat of serious illness and a care environment that makes patients feel isolated from other people so as to prevent stress from occurring. and the patient's psychological problems.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Maternal Employment and The Development of Children Toddler 1-3 Years of Age in The Working Area Puskesmas Kalabbirang, Minasatene Sub-district, Pangkep District","authors":"Siti Rukayah, Yunita Kristina, Warti Ningsih, Wuriani Wuriani, Yosin Herloheti Pella, Sri Ariyanti","doi":"10.59585/ijhs.v1i3.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v1i3.153","url":null,"abstract":"Development is the increase in ability (skill) in more complex body structures and functions in a regular and predictable pattern, as a result of the maturation process. Here it involves the process of differentiation of body cells, body tissues, organs, each of which can fulfill Function: Research Objective: To determine the relationship between mother's work and the development of children aged toddlers (1-3 years) in the working area of the Kalabbirang health center, Minasatene sub-district, Pangkep district.
 Analytical Survey research design with a Cross Sectional study approach. Samples were drawn using purposive sampling technique from 32 respondents. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire. The collected data was processed using the Chi-Square statistical test using the computer program SPSS version 11.5.
 In general, it can be concluded that based on the results of the research conducted, several suggestions can be made to related parties regarding the relationship between maternal employment and the development of toddler children aged 1-3 years. For the Kalabbirang Community Health Center, Minasa te'ne District, Pangkep Regency, so that in this case the nursing staff who carry out nursing care can pay attention to the impact where patients experience conditions where there is a threat of serious illness and a care environment that makes patients feel isolated from other people so as to prevent stress from occurring. and the patient's psychological problems.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135867745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.53730/ijhs.v7n3.14570
Lubna Taher Mahmoud Eid, Mostafa Mahmoud El-Habeby, Noha Mohey Issa, Nermeen Mohamed Noor El-Dien
Introduction: Autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder of poorly understood etiology; which may be genetic, epigenetic or environmental. Valproic acid (VPA), the most widely used antiepileptic drug, has been reported to increase the risk of autism among the offspring of human mothers who are medicated with it during early pregnancy. Aim: The current work aimed to study the biochemical and histological changes in the cerebellum of the offspring of prenatally VPA treated rats. Materials and Methods: Twelve pregnant female albino rats were divided into two groups; control and VPA treated (50 mg/kg/day orally). The cerebellar sections of male offspring rats were subjected to biochemical tests (brain tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and glutamate), histological examination, immunohistochemical analyses for the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), and electro microscopical studies. Results: VPA caused significant elevation in the brain levels of oxidative stress marker MDA, proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, with significant reduction in the level of brain antioxidant marker SOD, compared to the control group.
{"title":"Evaluation of prenatal administration of valproic acid on the cerebellum of albino rat offspring","authors":"Lubna Taher Mahmoud Eid, Mostafa Mahmoud El-Habeby, Noha Mohey Issa, Nermeen Mohamed Noor El-Dien","doi":"10.53730/ijhs.v7n3.14570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7n3.14570","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Autism is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder of poorly understood etiology; which may be genetic, epigenetic or environmental. Valproic acid (VPA), the most widely used antiepileptic drug, has been reported to increase the risk of autism among the offspring of human mothers who are medicated with it during early pregnancy. Aim: The current work aimed to study the biochemical and histological changes in the cerebellum of the offspring of prenatally VPA treated rats. Materials and Methods: Twelve pregnant female albino rats were divided into two groups; control and VPA treated (50 mg/kg/day orally). The cerebellar sections of male offspring rats were subjected to biochemical tests (brain tissue Malondialdehyde (MDA), Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and glutamate), histological examination, immunohistochemical analyses for the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and Bcl-2 associated X protein (Bax), and electro microscopical studies. Results: VPA caused significant elevation in the brain levels of oxidative stress marker MDA, proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, with significant reduction in the level of brain antioxidant marker SOD, compared to the control group.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135859943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
None Fardila elba, Hafizah Che Hassan, Nur Syazana Umar, Dany Hilmanto
Stunting is a condition in which a toddler is shorter than their own age. This condition is defined as having a body length or height that is greater than the - 2 SD median of WHO child development criteria. Childhood stunting can have an effect on growth and development. Growth is not ideal, and developmental hurdles arise from birth, resulting in low educational achievement later in life. To reduce the risk of stunting, it is essential to identify and implement appropriate and optimal action as soon as possible in order to avoid or minimize lasting negative effects on children's growth and development. It aims at determining the way in which stunt interventions take place in a few developing countries. The research plan utilized may be a Writing Survey utilizing the Prisma strategy, which depicts the comes about of hindering intercessions in creating countries. Fifteen articles met the incorporation criteria. Most come about of the article talks about education intervention and multi-micronutrients. In Indonesia, four articles show results with a significant impact on the p-value. and;0.05, 3 articles had no effect in Cambodia, 2 articles showed significant results in India, and 3 influential articles in Ethiopia with p-value and;0.05, impact had a p-value of <0.05.
{"title":"Stunting Interventions in Developing Countries: Literature Review","authors":"None Fardila elba, Hafizah Che Hassan, Nur Syazana Umar, Dany Hilmanto","doi":"10.59585/ijhs.v1i3.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.59585/ijhs.v1i3.146","url":null,"abstract":"Stunting is a condition in which a toddler is shorter than their own age. This condition is defined as having a body length or height that is greater than the - 2 SD median of WHO child development criteria. Childhood stunting can have an effect on growth and development. Growth is not ideal, and developmental hurdles arise from birth, resulting in low educational achievement later in life. To reduce the risk of stunting, it is essential to identify and implement appropriate and optimal action as soon as possible in order to avoid or minimize lasting negative effects on children's growth and development. It aims at determining the way in which stunt interventions take place in a few developing countries. The research plan utilized may be a Writing Survey utilizing the Prisma strategy, which depicts the comes about of hindering intercessions in creating countries. Fifteen articles met the incorporation criteria. Most come about of the article talks about education intervention and multi-micronutrients. In Indonesia, four articles show results with a significant impact on the p-value. and;0.05, 3 articles had no effect in Cambodia, 2 articles showed significant results in India, and 3 influential articles in Ethiopia with p-value and;0.05, impact had a p-value of <0.05.","PeriodicalId":47093,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Health Sciences-IJHS","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136100080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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