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How can distance learning offer opportunities for developing countries? Case of Turkey and Kazakhstan 远程教育如何为发展中国家提供机会?土耳其和哈萨克斯坦的例子
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(16)
Mustafa Sami Mencet, R. Gabdyssalyk
Many scientific studies highlight emergency distance education's two fundamental problems during the COVID-19 pandemic. The first is the large number of students who need more access to communication technologies, and the second is the digital incompetence of educators and students. This study, which was prepared by Turkish and Kazakh academics working within the scope of the Bolashak scholarship program, aims to question the cooperation potentials for the development of distance education, which will become more critical in the future, and to propose policies to solve the main problems in the pandemic. In this context, the issues in Turkey and Kazakhstan during the pandemic were collected and generalised. SWOT analyses were conducted for the potential of cooperation between the two countries and both countries' exchange/internship programs. The findings show that both countries have intense distance education experiences, cooperation potential, and sufficient opportunities to strengthen weak elements by developing mobility and scholarship programs. Several strategies are suggested for these improvements. These recommendations provide a perspective for these two countries and all countries continuing distance education after the pandemic.
许多科学研究强调了COVID-19大流行期间应急远程教育的两个基本问题。第一个是大量的学生需要更多的通信技术,第二个是教育工作者和学生在数字方面的无能。本研究由土耳其和哈萨克斯坦学者在Bolashak奖学金项目范围内开展工作,旨在探讨远程教育发展的合作潜力,这在未来将变得更加重要,并提出解决疫情主要问题的政策建议。在这方面,收集和概括了大流行期间土耳其和哈萨克斯坦的问题。对两国的合作潜力和两国的交流/实习项目进行了SWOT分析。研究结果表明,两国都有丰富的远程教育经验和合作潜力,并有足够的机会通过发展流动和奖学金项目来加强薄弱环节。针对这些改进提出了几种策略。这些建议为这两个国家和所有国家在大流行后继续进行远程教育提供了一个视角。
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引用次数: 0
Assessment of the innovation potential of the selected regions 选定区域创新潜力评估
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(2)
Jevgenij Gladevich
. Assessment of innovation potential is becoming an increasingly urgent problem. Many scientists and researchers are interested in this issue, alas, evaluate innovation potential differently. Some scholars emphasize resources, while others think about the achieved result. Another group of researchers focus on the transition process from resources to results while evaluating innovation potential. This paper attempts to integrate the three basic approaches (resource, process and resulting) and suggest a combination of known innovation potential assessment methods. The author claims that the innovation development goal is the result (abilities) and initial resources (opportunities) and stresses a process of transformation into an innovative product. The author offers an original definition of the innovation potential of a region. Complex evaluation with the sum method leads to an original integral indicator. Selected geographical areas are grouped into quintiles; the obtained results are depicted on maps for more convenient perception and visualization. The obtained results are interpreted, and policy implications are suggested.
. 创新潜力评价是一个日益紧迫的问题。许多科学家和研究人员对这个问题感兴趣,唉,对创新潜力的评估不同。一些学者强调资源,而另一些学者则考虑实现的结果。另一组研究人员在评估创新潜力的同时关注从资源到结果的过渡过程。本文试图整合资源、过程和结果三种基本方法,并提出一种结合已有创新潜力评估方法的方法。作者认为创新发展的目标是结果(能力)和初始资源(机会),强调创新产品转化的过程。作者对区域创新潜力提出了一个全新的定义。用求和法求复数会得到一个原始的积分指标。选定的地理区域按五分位数分组;得到的结果被描绘在地图上,更方便的感知和可视化。对所得结果进行了解释,并提出了政策建议。
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引用次数: 0
Conflicts and natural disasters as drivers of forced migrations in a gravity-type approach 冲突和自然灾害在重力型方法中作为强迫移徙的驱动因素
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(17)
Luca Buzzanca, Caterina Conigliani, V. Costantini
. The literature identifies three main drivers for forced migration, namely conflict, food insecurity, and natural and man-made disasters, although finds no empirical consensus on the association between climate change and migrations. Aim of this study is to identify the different push and pull factors of forced migration in different regions of the world by means of gravity-type models. Particular attention is devoted to determining the effects of climatic factors and conflicts, while controlling for the economic, political and social relationship between the origin and the destination countries. We model both total forced migration, that includes refugees, asylum seekers, internal displacements
. 尽管在气候变化与移民之间的联系上没有找到经验共识,但文献确定了强迫移民的三个主要驱动因素,即冲突、粮食不安全以及自然和人为灾害。本研究的目的是利用重力型模型识别世界不同地区强迫迁移的不同推拉因素。特别注意确定气候因素和冲突的影响,同时控制来源国和目的地国之间的经济、政治和社会关系。我们对包括难民、寻求庇护者和国内流离失所者在内的全部被迫移民进行了建模
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引用次数: 2
Digitalization of civic education: risks and challenge 公民教育数字化:风险与挑战
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(14)
Dainius Genys
. The passionate debate prevails in Lithuanian public discourse about the results of individuals in subjects such as mathematics, the Lithuanian language, etc., but very rarely about pupils' humanity and readiness to become independent members of society. The educational shift to distance learning (during the pandemic) has changed the whole structure of the educational process almost overnight, and such symbolic elements as the authority, status, order and dignity of the teacher, as well as the sense of community, diminished. It is clear that distance learning has its advantages, but it also has its uncertainties, and the long-term consequences still need to be generally known today. The academic intrigue of this paper stems from the question of how the digitalization of education may affect civic education and its outcomes from a political sociology perspective. Drawing on Kavolis' model of psychological modernization, the paper seeks to identify the potential groups that emerge in the digitalization of education and rationalize their worldviews and civic action features. Framing the process of digitizing schooling within the classical political sociology framework will highlight the likely future profiles of civil society groups.
. 在立陶宛的公共话语中,关于个人在数学、立陶宛语等科目上的成绩的激烈辩论盛行,但很少涉及学生的人性和成为社会独立成员的准备。(在大流行病期间)向远程学习的教育转变几乎在一夜之间改变了教育过程的整个结构,教师的权威、地位、秩序和尊严等象征性因素以及社区意识都减弱了。很明显,远程学习有它的优点,但它也有它的不确定性,长期的后果今天仍然需要被普遍了解。本文的学术旨趣源于政治社会学视角下的教育数字化如何影响公民教育及其结果的问题。利用卡沃利斯的心理现代化模型,本文试图识别在教育数字化中出现的潜在群体,并合理化他们的世界观和公民行动特征。在经典的政治社会学框架内构建数字化教育的过程将突出公民社会团体未来的可能概况。
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引用次数: 0
Towards financial literacy: a case of Slovakia 迈向金融素养:以斯洛伐克为例
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(19)
J. Táncošová, Marcel Lincényi, Michal Fabuš
. The level of financial literacy in the Slovak Republic has long been below the European Union average, which is confirmed by several surveys in recent years. In practice, this creates several problems. Almost a million Slovaks have at least one foreclosure, resulting from buying necessities on credit and then living in ever-increasing debt. Knowledge of finance and business among employees or budding entrepreneurs is also problematic. Conservative Slovaks also keep most of their money in products with zero interest and are afraid to invest and capitalize on their savings. The National Bank of Slovakia and the Slovak Bank Association have been calling for a change in school curricula for a long time because financially illiterate pupils eventually become poorly literate clients. The contribution's primary purpose was to analyze the state of financial education in secondary schools in the Slovak Republic, including a more effective design of the content and method of teaching financial literacy. More effective financial education could help reduce poverty in Slovakia and more effective financial and business literacy in society.
. 斯洛伐克共和国的金融知识水平长期以来一直低于欧洲联盟的平均水平,近年来的几项调查证实了这一点。在实践中,这会产生几个问题。近100万斯洛伐克人至少有一处丧失抵押品赎回权,这是由于他们用信贷购买必需品,然后生活在不断增加的债务中。雇员或初出苗头的企业家的金融和商业知识也存在问题。保守的斯洛伐克人也把大部分钱放在无息产品上,害怕投资和利用他们的储蓄。斯洛伐克国家银行和斯洛伐克银行协会长期以来一直呼吁改变学校课程,因为不懂金融的学生最终会成为不懂金融的客户。这项贡献的主要目的是分析斯洛伐克共和国中学的金融教育状况,包括更有效地设计教学金融知识的内容和方法。更有效的金融教育有助于减少斯洛伐克的贫困,并有助于提高社会的金融和商业素养。
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引用次数: 0
Insight into the resilience of the Romanian economy 洞察罗马尼亚经济的弹性
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(7)
Sorin Somitca, Alina Somitca, E. Hlaciuc
We are contemporary with various financial crises of global magnitude, starting with the Great Depression of 2008-2009, so-called the "subprime crisis", the economic crisis generated by the COVID 19 pandemic, but also the one that is ongoing nowadays, caused by the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. All these extreme situations generate reactions of the most diverse and challenging to delimit and predict so that the economic entities must show permanent resilience to recover quickly and emerge victorious from the fight with the disturbing phenomena. The present study attempted an x-ray of the Romanian economy after the first year of the COVID pandemic, the most difficult year when the restrictions were among the most severe, analyzing at the same time the years before the beginning of the pandemic for an accurate picture. At the same time, we tried to answer the questions of why a company is more resilient than others using a sample of the top 100 companies in Romania, analyzing the impact on revenue growth of 13 indicators grouped in 4 classes, namely Business efficiency, Sustainable Profitability, Financial Stability, Business dynamics & stability. The obtained results may have significan economic policy implications.
我们正处于各种全球性金融危机的时代,从2008-2009年的大萧条开始,即所谓的“次贷危机”,从新冠疫情引发的经济危机开始,到如今由俄罗斯-乌克兰冲突引起的持续危机。所有这些极端情况都产生了最多样化的反应,难以界定和预测,因此经济实体必须表现出持久的恢复能力,以便迅速恢复,并在与令人不安的现象的斗争中取得胜利。本研究试图对新冠肺炎大流行第一年之后的罗马尼亚经济进行x光透视,这是限制最严格的一年,也是最困难的一年,同时分析了大流行开始前的几年,以获得准确的情况。同时,我们试图回答为什么一家公司比其他公司更有弹性的问题,使用罗马尼亚前100家公司的样本,分析了4类13个指标对收入增长的影响,即业务效率,可持续盈利能力,财务稳定性,业务动态和稳定性。所得结果可能对经济政策产生重大影响。
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引用次数: 0
Creativity in times of war and pandemics 战争和流行病时代的创造力
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(26)
Margarita Išoraitė, Irena Alperytė
. The paper analyzes issues of creativity in times of war and pandemics, its concepts, origins, and possible development, together with the techniques and features it can be characterized by. It describes the potential present in each of the examined cases brought by the times of unrest. The scope for defining creativity in times of war and pandemics is broad and results in many manifestations. The discussion turns around the concept of creativity in everyday life and its applicability. The authors investigate whether and how to prove the interrelation of creativity to war and pandemics. They also discuss the emergence of creativity in war and pandemics because of provoked human imagination and the urgent necessity to act
。本文分析了战争和流行病时期的创造力问题,它的概念、起源和可能的发展,以及它可以表征的技术和特征。它描述了动乱时期带来的每一个被审查案例中存在的潜力。在战争和流行病时期,定义创造力的范围很广,有很多表现形式。讨论围绕着创造力在日常生活中的概念及其适用性展开。作者调查了是否以及如何证明创造力与战争和流行病的相互关系。他们还讨论了战争和流行病中创造力的出现,因为激发了人类的想象力和采取行动的迫切必要性
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引用次数: 1
Entrepreneurs' concerns about the coronavirus pandemic and enterprise’s sustainable development 企业家对冠状病毒疫情和企业可持续发展的担忧
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(3)
Aleksandra Stanek-Kowalczyk, Monika Zajkowska
The coronavirus pandemic, both in terms of its scale and impact on the economy and society, was a surprise to everyone and raised many concerns for entrepreneurs. Some of these concerns materialized while others did not, but still, these concerns impacted entrepreneurs' more conservative attitudes, seeking savings or limiting activities. This study aimed to answer whether entrepreneurs' concerns about the coronavirus pandemic and its impact on business have affected the sustainable development of enterprises – did it stop or limit the social and environmental activities of small and medium enterprises in Poland? To answer this question 177 interviews among owners and senior executives were conducted in September 2020, using the CATI method. The study results have shown that entrepreneurs' concerns about the pandemic did not negatively affect enterprises' sustainable development. Moreover, the study's results did not confirm a statistically significant correlation between the materialization of pandemic-related concerns and enterprises' sustainable development.
冠状病毒大流行的规模和对经济和社会的影响让所有人都感到意外,也让企业家们感到担忧。其中一些担忧成为现实,而另一些则没有,但这些担忧仍然影响了企业家更保守的态度,寻求储蓄或限制活动。本研究旨在回答企业家对冠状病毒大流行及其对商业影响的担忧是否影响了企业的可持续发展——它是否阻止或限制了波兰中小企业的社会和环境活动?为了回答这个问题,我们在2020年9月使用CATI方法对177名业主和高级管理人员进行了采访。研究结果表明,企业家对疫情的担忧并未对企业的可持续发展产生负面影响。此外,研究结果没有证实与大流行病有关的关切的实现与企业的可持续发展之间存在统计学上显著的相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Digital innovation government: organizational and energy analysis in Italian hospitals 数字创新政府:意大利医院的组织和能量分析
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(15)
A. Marino, P. Pariso
. Analyzing the complex structures of 1062 Italian hospitals, the present research aims at evaluating the performance relating to the sustainable energy management. The monitoring activities were carried out both to analyze the building and structural context and to analyze the energy consumption of Italian hospitals during the period 2016-2022. Furthermore, the paper elaborates a comparative analysis the other European countries, highlighting how is possible to improve the energy efficiency of Italian hospitals. The energy analysis concerned the breakdown of electricity consumption, analysis of the consumption of the last six years derived from the monthly bills of hospitals, the consumption now, distribution of electricity consumption, and air conditioning needs; the organizational analysis concerned the plant characteristics of the structure, the age of the building and building maintenance over the last 6 years. In the discussion, possible solutions emerge, operational interventions, to make the energy management of hospitals, more efficient. The presence of different services provided highlight different profiles of energy consumption linked to two main categories: hotel-type consumption for the well-being of patients and staff and consumption more closely related to health functions supported by treatment and diagnosis equipment. In recent years, numerous opportunities for energy upgrading of buildings have not been implemented by creating energy profiles of obsolete and inefficient hospital facilities. In this context, the role of the energy manager and the presence of structures dedicated to energy management emerge as the main bottlenecks for achieving better energy efficiency. After the introduction, the paper elaborates a conceptual background focused on sustainable energy management. The section 3 show the methodology applied, the main results are included in section 4 and the discussion section have been developed in section 5. Finally, the conclusion highlights that the sustainable energy management is an open question and the output of discussion linked to the research suggest that the hospitals' energy efficiency must be seen as under constant development and re-interpretation.
通过分析1062家意大利医院的复杂结构,本研究旨在评估与可持续能源管理相关的绩效。监测活动旨在分析2016-2022年期间意大利医院的建筑和结构背景,并分析其能耗。此外,本文还对欧洲其他国家进行了比较分析,强调了如何提高意大利医院的能源效率。能源分析涉及电力消耗的细分、从医院每月账单中得出的过去六年的消耗分析、现在的消耗、电力消耗的分配和空调需求;组织分析涉及工厂的结构特征、建筑物的使用年限和过去6年的建筑物维护。在讨论中,出现了可能的解决方案,即操作干预措施,以提高医院的能源管理效率。提供的不同服务突出了与两个主要类别相关的不同能源消耗情况:为患者和工作人员的福祉而进行的酒店型消费,以及与治疗和诊断设备支持的健康功能更密切相关的消费。近年来,许多建筑能源升级的机会并没有通过创建过时和低效的医院设施的能源档案来实现。在这种情况下,能源管理者的作用和专门用于能源管理的结构的存在成为实现更好能源效率的主要瓶颈。在引言之后,本文阐述了可持续能源管理的概念背景。第3节显示了所采用的方法,主要结果包含在第4节中,讨论部分已在第5节中制定。最后,结论强调了可持续能源管理是一个悬而未决的问题,与研究相关的讨论结果表明,医院的能源效率必须被视为在不断发展和重新解释中。
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引用次数: 0
Enterprise risk analysis in an engineering company with a focus on custom manufacturing 专注于定制制造的工程公司的企业风险分析
IF 1.7 Q4 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.9770/jesi.2023.10.3(24)
Jaroslav Kollmann, J. Straková, Antonín Korauš, M. Palinchak, Filip Černák
. The study details the outcomes of a scientific experiment analyzing enterprise risks in business processes. Examining and getting rid of enterprise risks is one of the most important management tools when it comes to reaching corporate goals. The new proposed strategy is based on the idea of process risk as a part of putting business processes or operations into action to get results that add value. The actual solution algorithm consists of the quantification of the difference between the level of risk and the enterprise's cost, the development of added value, and the operating profit. The experiment focused on a medium-sized engineering company that specializes in piece production. The principal outcomes of the technique are the realization that a smaller proportion of value added connected with the process results in a reduced degree of risk that is proportional to the cost ratio of the various production process activities. The hypothesis that manufacturing automation reduces risk has not been confirmed. It is advised that businesses document and review the time and cost components of each process on a regular basis. The outputs obtained from the solution demonstrate the suitability of the proposed process, with the outputs' validity demonstrated by repeating the analytical activities and comparing them to the actual occurrence of process risks identified by the model enterprise's managers during the execution of a real contract. The newly proposed method is expected to be appropriate for mass production.
该研究详细介绍了一项科学实验的结果,该实验分析了企业在业务流程中的风险。在实现企业目标时,检查和消除企业风险是最重要的管理工具之一。新提出的战略基于流程风险的理念,将流程风险作为将业务流程或操作付诸行动的一部分,以获得增值的结果。实际解决方案算法包括量化风险水平与企业成本、增加值发展和营业利润之间的差异。实验的重点是一家专门从事单件生产的中型工程公司。该技术的主要结果是认识到,与工艺相关的增值比例越小,风险程度越低,这与各种生产工艺活动的成本比成正比。制造自动化降低风险的假设尚未得到证实。建议企业定期记录和审查每个流程的时间和成本组成部分。从解决方案中获得的输出证明了拟议过程的适用性,通过重复分析活动并将其与模型企业经理在执行实际合同期间确定的过程风险的实际发生情况进行比较来证明输出的有效性。预计新提出的方法适合大规模生产。
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引用次数: 0
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