International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy最新文献_第8页

Changing context, changing work? Comparing rural and urban contexts in social services provision in Italy 改变环境，改变工作?比较意大利提供社会服务的农村和城市背景

IF 2.7 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-03-2023-0079

Susanna Pagiotti

Purpose

The study compares the social services functioning in two local contexts, one urban and one rural, in the same Italian region, to understand how contextual features affect frontline workers' work.

Design/methodology/approach

By applying the framework of the street-level bureaucracy theory (SLB) and proposing a framing of the spatial contexts under analysis, the present study adopts a qualitative approach. In particular, semi-structured interviews were conducted among street-level workers, decision-makers and privileged witnesses.

Findings

The study shows how the typical features of the rural and urban Italian contexts analyzed impact differently on the working conditions of frontline workers, leading to substantive differences in the possibility of exercise their role at the street-level.

Originality/value

The article contributes to a wider understanding of social services provision in a highly fragmented system like the Italian one by taking into consideration contexts that are usually little investigated in SLB and welfare studies in the Mediterranean Europe area: those rural and, in particular, those belonging to the so-called “inner areas”.

目的:本研究比较了意大利同一地区两个地方背景下的社会服务功能，一个是城市，一个是农村，以了解背景特征如何影响一线工人的工作。设计/方法/途径本研究采用定性方法，运用街道官僚主义理论的框架，提出分析的空间背景框架。特别是，对街头工人、决策者和特权证人进行了半结构化访谈。研究结果表明，意大利农村和城市环境的典型特征对一线工人的工作条件产生了不同的影响，导致他们在街头发挥作用的可能性存在实质性差异。原创性/价值本文通过考虑在地中海欧洲地区的SLB和福利研究中通常很少调查的背景，有助于更广泛地理解像意大利这样高度分散的系统中的社会服务提供:那些农村地区，特别是那些属于所谓的“内部地区”。

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引用次数: 0

Do welfare regimes matter? Perceptions of welfare in contemporary word 福利制度重要吗?当代社会对福利的看法

IF 2.7 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-09-2023-0236

Päivi Mäntyneva

Purpose

This paper takes an ideal type of different welfare regimes as a starting point. It investigates with survey data people's experiences and expectations towards the welfare state and its functioning against various social risks. The paper discusses questions like, are there differences in perceptions between welfare regimes? And what is the role of the welfare state regime in explaining those differences?

Design/methodology/approach

This research article is based on OECD survey data and classical welfare state classifications. The analysis of welfare regimes provides both a theoretical and methodological structure for study. The study-applied analysis of variance (one-way ANOVA) to test a hypothesis that regimes matter analyses more nuanced aspects of current and prospects to the near future welfare state provision.

Findings

This examination suggests that welfare regimes still matter even though the differences in averages were not as immense as expected. Perceptions in different welfare regimes also have priorities related to the willingness to pay more taxes in order to receive better access to services and financial support if needed. In Nordic countries, the acute priority based on survey data is investment in education and re-training. In Continental Europe, more financial support is needed for pensions. Overall, respondents representing emerging Eastern European and Mediterranean welfare regimes think that welfare provision should be financed more compared to other welfare regime respondents. Health is a universal and unifying issue, particularly in ageing welfare states, and brings health as a traditional and central question again.

Originality/value

Respondents' perceptions work as people's voice and assessments are used to gain a contemporary understanding of welfare and about welfare state functioning.

本文以一种理想类型的不同福利制度为出发点。它用调查数据调查人们对福利国家的体验和期望，以及它对各种社会风险的作用。这篇论文讨论了一些问题，比如，不同福利制度之间的观念是否存在差异?福利国家制度在解释这些差异时扮演了什么角色?设计/方法/方法本文基于经合组织的调查数据和经典的福利国家分类。对福利制度的分析为研究提供了理论和方法结构。该研究应用方差分析(单向方差分析)来检验制度重要的假设，分析了当前和近期福利国家提供前景的更细微方面。研究结果这项研究表明，尽管平均水平的差异并不像预期的那么大，但福利制度仍然很重要。对不同福利制度的看法也有优先考虑的问题，即是否愿意支付更多的税，以便在需要时更好地获得服务和财政支持。在北欧国家，根据调查数据，最紧迫的优先事项是对教育和再培训的投资。在欧洲大陆，养老金需要更多的财政支持。总体而言，代表新兴东欧和地中海福利制度的受访者认为，与其他福利制度受访者相比，福利提供应得到更多资助。健康是一个普遍和统一的问题，特别是在老龄化福利国家，并使健康再次成为一个传统和核心问题。原创性/价值受访者的看法作为人们的声音和评估被用来获得对福利和福利国家运作的当代理解。

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引用次数: 0

The sociodemographic determinants of stress level among the parents of preterm infants 早产儿父母压力水平的社会人口学决定因素

IF 2.7 Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-08-2023-0180

Concetta Russo, Alessandra Decataldo, Brunella Fiore

Purpose

Introduction: The birth of a preterm child requires hospitalization in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), which is a very stressful experience for parents. Aim: To determine the stress level of parents of preterm babies admitted to intensive and sub-intensive units in two hospitals in Northern Italy and its association with their sociodemographic variables and the clinical conditions of their newborns.

Design/methodology/approach

The sampling was non-probabilistic and included parents of preterm babies admitted to intensive and/or sub-intensive care for at least 10 days. Instruments: (1) information deduced from the clinical record of preterm newborns; (2) sociodemographic determinants of parents' well-being deduced from a questionnaire; (3) parental stress scale: neonatal intensive care unit (PSS:NICU), which measures the perception of parents about stressors from the physical and psychological environment of the NICU.

Findings

Results: A total of 104 parents of 59 hospitalized preterm babies participated in the study. The average parental stress level was 1.87 ± 0.837. The subscale score that got higher was parent-infant relationship subscale. Concerning the infant characteristics, the birth weight of the babies and the length of their hospitalization affected the parents' stress level. Looking at parents' sociodemographic characteristics instead, the greater predictors were gender, age and occupational social class.

Originality/value

The parental role alteration caused by infant premature birth and consequent hospitalization is a major stressor for parents and in particular for mothers. The variables that resulted positively associated with higher stress in parents of preterm infants hospitalized are specific parental characteristics, including not adequately or previously studied ones, and infant characteristics.

前言:早产儿童的出生需要在新生儿重症监护病房(NICU)住院治疗，这对父母来说是一种非常紧张的经历。目的:确定意大利北部两家医院重症和亚重症病房早产儿父母的压力水平及其与社会人口统计学变量和新生儿临床状况的关系。设计/方法/方法抽样是非概率的，包括接受重症和/或亚重症监护至少10天的早产儿的父母。工具:(1)从早产儿临床记录中推断出的信息;(2)从问卷中推断出父母幸福感的社会人口因素;(3)父母压力量表:新生儿重症监护病房(PSS:NICU)，衡量父母对新生儿重症监护病房生理和心理环境压力源的感知。结果:共有59名住院早产儿的104名家长参与了本研究。父母平均应激水平为1.87±0.837。得分较高的是亲子关系分量表。在婴儿特征方面，婴儿出生体重和住院时间长短影响父母的应激水平。从父母的社会人口特征来看，更大的预测因素是性别、年龄和职业社会阶层。婴儿早产和随后的住院治疗导致的父母角色改变是父母，特别是母亲的主要压力源。与住院早产儿父母压力升高呈正相关的变量是特定的父母特征，包括未充分研究或先前研究过的特征，以及婴儿特征。

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引用次数: 0

Let the facts speak, not the pictures: an experimental survey on rape narratives 让事实说话，而不是图片:一项关于强奸叙事的实验性调查

Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-08-2023-0182

Chiara Natalie Focacci, Pak Hung Lam

Purpose According to statistics by the US National Sexual Violence Resource Center, more than 50% of women claim they have been raped by an intimate partner or an acquaintance. In this experiment, the authors test whether exposing individuals to different types of images portraying the victim and their perpetrator influences individuals' perception of (1) the perpetrator's deserved punishment and (2) the role played by the victim in her rape. Design/methodology/approach In an experimental survey, the authors randomly treat groups of individuals with manipulated facial and physical expressions of the same photographs. Findings The authors find that news about rape are more or less effective in uncovering the seriousness of the crime independent of the pictures accompanying them, suggesting media should avoid their misusage. Originality/value While the role of the narrative of rape has been extensively discussed in the literature from a theoretical perspective, this research provides original evidence based on actual behavioural response.

根据美国国家性暴力资源中心的统计，超过50%的女性声称她们曾被亲密伴侣或熟人强奸。在这个实验中，作者测试了让个体接触不同类型的受害者和加害者的图像是否会影响个体对(1)加害者应该受到的惩罚和(2)受害者在强奸中所扮演的角色的看法。设计/方法/方法在一项实验调查中，作者随机地用同一张照片的面部和身体表情处理一组人。作者发现，关于强奸的新闻或多或少能有效地揭露犯罪的严重性，而不依赖于附带的图片，这表明媒体应该避免滥用这些图片。虽然强奸叙事的作用在文献中已经从理论角度进行了广泛的讨论，但本研究提供了基于实际行为反应的原始证据。

引用次数: 0

Flexible work arrangements for work-life balance: a cross-national policy evaluation from a capabilities perspective 工作与生活平衡的灵活工作安排:从能力角度的跨国政策评价

Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-03-2023-0077

Carla Brega, Samuel Briones, Jana Javornik, Margarita León, Mara Yerkes

Purpose This paper aims to assess the design of national-level flexible work arrangement (FWA) policies, evaluating their potential to serve as an effective resource for employees to work flexibly depending on how they set the stage for flexibility claims that will be subject to industrial and workplace dynamics. Design/methodology/approach Using a capability approach, the authors conceptualize and operationalize two aspects of FWA policy design, namely accessibility and availability. The authors' analysis allows for an understanding of how the availability and accessibility of national FWA policies explicitly and implicitly restrict or facilitate flexible working in a structural manner. The study focuses on countries with differing working time regimes and gender norms on work and care: the Netherlands, Spain and Slovenia. Findings The authors' findings highlight how FWA accessibility is broader when national policy is specified and FWA availability is not conditional to care. In Spain and Slovenia, access to FWAs depends on whether employees have care responsibilities, which reduces accessibility and reinforces gender imbalances in care provision. In contrast, the Netherlands provides FWAs universally, resulting in wider availability and accessibility of FWAs for employees regardless of their care responsibilities. Despite this universal provision, gender imbalances remain. Originality/value The originality of this paper lies in its conceptualization and operationalization of FWAs at the national level using a capability approach. The study adds to the existing literature on flexible working and provides insights for policymakers to design more effective FWAs.

本文旨在评估国家级灵活工作安排(FWA)政策的设计，评估其作为员工灵活工作的有效资源的潜力，这取决于他们如何设置灵活性要求的舞台，这将受到工业和工作场所的动态影响。设计/方法/方法使用能力方法，作者概念化和操作了FWA策略设计的两个方面，即可访问性和可用性。作者的分析允许理解国家FWA政策的可用性和可及性如何以结构性方式明确或隐含地限制或促进灵活工作。这项研究的重点是工作时间制度和工作与护理性别规范不同的国家:荷兰、西班牙和斯洛文尼亚。作者的研究结果强调，当国家政策明确时，FWA的可获得性如何更广泛，并且FWA的可获得性不以护理为条件。在西班牙和斯洛文尼亚，获得FWAs取决于雇员是否有护理责任，这降低了可获得性，并加剧了护理提供方面的性别不平衡。相比之下，荷兰普遍提供FWAs，从而使FWAs的可用性和可及性更广，无论员工的护理责任如何。尽管有这一普遍规定，性别不平衡仍然存在。本文的创新之处在于运用能力方法对国家层面的金融服务体系进行了概念化和操作化。该研究补充了关于灵活工作的现有文献，并为政策制定者提供了设计更有效的fwa的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Refugees and asylum seekers in informal and precarious jobs: early labour market insertion from the perspectives of professionals and volunteers 从事非正式和不稳定工作的难民和寻求庇护者:从专业人员和志愿者的角度来看，早期进入劳动力市场

Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-08-2023-0191

Iraklis Dimitriadis

Purpose This article aims to explore the engagement of refugees and asylum seekers (RAS) in informal and precarious jobs from a civil society actors' perspective. Despite a burgeoning literature on refugee integration and a focus on institutional integration programmes, little is known about the early insertion of RAS into informal and precarious employment as an alternative to subsidised integration programmes, when these are available. Design/methodology/approach This article draws on rich qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews with social workers, volunteers and other professionals supporting migrants. Findings Data analysis shows that migrants' insertion in informal jobs and their rejection of integration programmes may be the result of people's need to access financial capital to cover actual and future needs. Although such an engagement may be criticised for hampering RAS’ integration, it can be seen as an important source of agency against insecurity surrounding one's legal status. Originality/value This article highlights the importance of legal status precarity in shaping informal workers' agency and perceptions of them, opening up a debate on the relevance of informal work in terms of long-term integration and future migration trajectories.

本文旨在从民间社会行动者的角度探讨难民和寻求庇护者(RAS)从事非正式和不稳定工作的情况。尽管关于难民融合的文献越来越多，并将重点放在机构融合方案上，但很少有人知道早期将RAS纳入非正式和不稳定的就业，作为补贴融合方案的替代方案，当这些方案可用时。本文通过对社会工作者、志愿者和其他支持流动人口的专业人士进行深入访谈，收集了丰富的定性数据。数据分析表明，移民进入非正规工作岗位并拒绝融入计划可能是他们需要获得金融资本以满足实际和未来需求的结果。尽管这种接触可能会被批评为阻碍RAS的整合，但它可以被视为一种重要的代理来源，以对抗围绕一个人的法律地位的不安全感。本文强调了法律地位不稳定在塑造非正式工人的代理和对他们的看法方面的重要性，开启了关于非正式工作在长期融合和未来移民轨迹方面的相关性的辩论。

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引用次数: 0

Confluent trust, accountability, procedural justice, British credit unions and regulatory reform after the global financial crisis 融合信任、问责制、程序正义、英国信用合作社和全球金融危机后的监管改革

Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-08-2023-0181

Bill Lee, John Brierley

Purpose The relationship between trust, accountability and procedural justice is studied via research into British credit unions (CUs) following regulatory reform to remedy problems exposed by the 2007–2008 global financial crisis. Design/methodology/approach Interviews at 13 case studies of different types and sizes of credit unions in Glasgow, Scotland, are examined using template analysis and abductive theorizing to understand the effects of disproportionate reforms on small credit unions. Findings Smaller credit unions found three regulatory changes – namely dual regulators, increased minimum reserves and introduction of the Senior Managers and Certification Regime – excessive. Excessive change generated distrust in regulators. Regulators' insufficient attention to procedural justice contributed to this distrust. Originality/value Linkage of multidimensional confluent trust to a multilevel system of accountability provides an original way of understanding how indiscriminate attempts at trust repair damage some elements of trust in formal regulatory systems. Recognition of the need for procedural justice to enable smaller credit unions to articulate their extant checks and potential exemption from formal regulations provides another valuable contribution. The explanation of the abductive logic employed is also original.

目的通过对英国信用合作社(CUs)的研究，研究信任、问责制和程序正义之间的关系，以弥补2007-2008年全球金融危机暴露的问题。设计/方法/方法对苏格兰格拉斯哥不同类型和规模的信用合作社的13个案例研究进行访谈，使用模板分析和推导理论来了解不成比例的改革对小型信用合作社的影响。小型信用合作社发现三项监管变化过度，即双重监管机构、增加最低准备金和引入高级管理人员和认证制度。过度的变化产生了对监管者的不信任。监管机构对程序公正的重视不够，导致了这种不信任。原创性/价值将多维融合信任与多层次问责制联系起来，提供了一种新颖的方式来理解不加区分地试图修复信任是如何损害正式监管体系中信任的某些要素的。认识到程序正义的必要性，使较小的信用合作社能够阐明其现有支票和可能免于正式条例的限制，这是另一项宝贵贡献。所采用的溯因逻辑的解释也是原创的。

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引用次数: 0

When we were young: how labour market attachment during mid-life affects labour market exit 当我们年轻的时候:中年时期的劳动力市场依恋如何影响劳动力市场退出

Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-10-24 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-08-2023-0189

Gülin Öylü, Chiara Natalie Focacci, Luis Serratos-Sotelo, Andreas Motel-Klingebiel, Susanne Kelfve

Purpose In this paper, the authors attempt to understand how labour market attachment during the ages of 30–59 influences individuals' transition out of the labour market. Design/methodology/approach Using high-quality Swedish register data, the authors follow individuals born in 1950 and observe their labour market attachment during mid-life and their exit from the labour market. Findings The authors find evidence that labour market attachment in different stages of the career is differently related to exit from the labour market. At the age of 30, as well as between the ages 50–59, low attachment is related with earlier exit from the labour market. On the contrary, low labour market attachment during the ages 40–49 is related with later exit from the labour market. However, regardless of age, lower labour market attachment increases the risk of work-related benefit receipt in the exit year. The authors also find evidence that gender, migration status and childhood socioeconomic disadvantages may represent obstacles to longer working lives, while high education is a consistent factor in avoiding early exit from the labour market. Originality/value This study provides insights on the link between labour market attachment in different stages of the career and the exit from the labour market as well as work-related benefits dependency in the year of exit.

在本文中，作者试图了解30-59岁的劳动力市场依恋如何影响个人从劳动力市场的过渡。设计/方法/方法使用高质量的瑞典登记数据，作者跟踪1950年出生的个人，观察他们在中年时期的劳动力市场依恋和退出劳动力市场。研究发现，职业生涯不同阶段的劳动力市场依恋与退出劳动力市场的关系不同。在30岁以及50-59岁之间，较低的依恋与较早退出劳动力市场有关。相反，40-49岁的低劳动力市场依附与较晚退出劳动力市场有关。然而，无论年龄如何，较低的劳动力市场依恋增加了在退出年度获得与工作相关的福利的风险。作者还发现，有证据表明，性别、移民身份和童年时期的社会经济劣势可能是延长工作寿命的障碍，而高等教育是避免过早退出劳动力市场的一贯因素。独创性/价值本研究对职业生涯不同阶段的劳动力市场依恋与退出劳动力市场之间的联系以及退出那年与工作相关的福利依赖提供了见解。

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引用次数: 0

Taoism and current global crises: insights into ethics and governance 道教与当前的全球危机:对伦理与治理的洞察

Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-08-2023-0183

Kenneth Reinert

Purpose The aim of the study is to assess the extent to which Taoist philosophy offers thematic and ethical insights relevant to current global crises, including climate change, food insecurity, renewed conflict and increased authoritarianism. Design/methodology/approach A critical review of specific verses from the Tao Te Ching and research sources relevant to them is carried out. Findings Taoist philosophy, of ancient origins, is surprisingly relevant to modern crises. While not offering definitive answers, it does provide thematic and ethical insights for reorienting governance in more productive ways. Originality/value While there is a large literature on Taoist philosophy itself, there is a paucity of research articles on the modern relevance of Taoist philosophy to pressing current issues. The article brings together and assesses these sources, considering relevant research.

本研究的目的是评估道教哲学在多大程度上提供了与当前全球危机相关的主题和伦理见解，包括气候变化、粮食不安全、重新爆发的冲突和威权主义的增加。设计/方法/方法对《道德经》中的特定诗句及其相关研究来源进行批判性回顾。古老的道家哲学与现代危机有着惊人的关联。虽然没有提供明确的答案，但它确实为以更有效的方式重新定位治理提供了主题和道德见解。虽然有大量关于道家哲学本身的文献，但关于道家哲学与当前紧迫问题的现代相关性的研究文章却很少。本文汇集和评估这些来源，考虑到相关研究。

引用次数: 0

Exploring women entrepreneurs' push–pull motives and challenges: empirical evidence in an emerging economy 探索女性企业家的推挽动机与挑战:新兴经济体的经验证据

Q1 Economics, Econometrics and Finance

International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy

Pub Date : 2023-10-20 DOI: 10.1108/ijssp-09-2023-0210

Madhukara Nayak, Pushparaj M. Nayak, Ramona Birau, Peter Wanke, Yong Aaron Tan

Purpose Research on women-owned businesses is more extensive in developed countries than in developing countries. This prompted the authors to investigate the factors that affect women entrepreneurs' motives to start a business and the challenges they faced in running their businesses in India. Design/methodology/approach Data for the analysis were collected from 620 respondents using a structured questionnaire and in-depth interviews with 20 women entrepreneurs. The data were then analyzed using descriptive and factor analysis in the statistical software “SPSS” (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Findings The findings showed that the primary motivation for women to launch their own business was to achieve self-employment. Other motivations include increasing income and allowing women to follow their passion. Factor analysis indicates that women entrepreneurs are more motivated by push than pull factors. The research also shows that women encounter challenges in their entrepreneurial journey, such as access to financing, issues with gender equality and social and cultural obligations. Originality/value The study on women entrepreneurs in the Indian context is limited. This study responds to a need of better understanding of women motivations and challenges. By studying these constructs, the study shows that start-up motives and challenges faced by female entrepreneurs are unique to different contexts.

在发达国家，对妇女拥有的企业的研究比在发展中国家更为广泛。这促使作者调查了影响女性企业家创业动机的因素，以及她们在印度经营企业时面临的挑战。设计/方法/方法分析数据从620名受访者中收集，采用结构化问卷和对20名女企业家的深入访谈。然后在统计软件“SPSS”(社会科学统计软件包)中使用描述性和因子分析对数据进行分析。调查结果显示，女性创业的主要动机是实现自营职业。其他动机包括增加收入和允许女性追随自己的激情。因子分析表明，推动因素对女性企业家的激励作用大于拉动因素。研究还表明，女性在创业过程中会遇到挑战，比如融资渠道、性别平等问题以及社会和文化义务问题。关于印度背景下女性企业家的研究是有限的。这项研究响应了更好地理解妇女动机和挑战的需要。通过对这些构念的研究，研究表明女性企业家的创业动机和面临的挑战在不同的背景下是独特的。

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引用次数: 0