{"title":"The Symbolic State: Minority Recognition, Majority Backlash, and Secession in Multinational Countries, by Karlo Basta","authors":"J. Lluch","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjac028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjac028","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47260250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cords of Affection: Constructing Constitutional Union in Early American History, by Emily Pears","authors":"Grace Mallon","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjac025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjac025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46854383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this article, I examine the connection between ethnic federalism and the development of ethnic rather than national identities. The literature suggests such ethnification can lead to conflict and collapse of federal states—does such ethnification occur and is it attributable to ethnofederalism? Using recent data from the Afrobarometer for Ethiopia, which adopted an ethnofederal arrangement in 1995, I examine whether individuals who were politically socialized under the conditions of ethnic federalism are more likely to favor ethnic identity over a national, Ethiopian, identity. I find that individuals politically socialized under the conditions of ethnic federalism are indeed significantly more likely to embrace an ethnic rather than a national identity. However, generational affects do not appear to be related to perceptions of continuing ethnic federalism as a political arrangement. Differences of opinion on ethnic federalism are more a function of one’s group identity, rather than the intensity of ethnic identification.
{"title":"Does Ethnic Federalism Lead to Greater Ethnic Identity? The Case of Ethiopia","authors":"J. Ishiyama","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjac023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjac023","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this article, I examine the connection between ethnic federalism and the development of ethnic rather than national identities. The literature suggests such ethnification can lead to conflict and collapse of federal states—does such ethnification occur and is it attributable to ethnofederalism? Using recent data from the Afrobarometer for Ethiopia, which adopted an ethnofederal arrangement in 1995, I examine whether individuals who were politically socialized under the conditions of ethnic federalism are more likely to favor ethnic identity over a national, Ethiopian, identity. I find that individuals politically socialized under the conditions of ethnic federalism are indeed significantly more likely to embrace an ethnic rather than a national identity. However, generational affects do not appear to be related to perceptions of continuing ethnic federalism as a political arrangement. Differences of opinion on ethnic federalism are more a function of one’s group identity, rather than the intensity of ethnic identification.","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44137898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When Cities Lobby: How Local Governments Compete for Power in State Politics, by Julia Payson","authors":"K. Einstein","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjac026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjac026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44752372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Central governments often restrict municipalities’ ability to raise or reduce taxes, but, in many jurisdictions, municipalities can ask the central government’s permission to set aside these limitations. Using an Israeli dataset, we explore this prevalent, yet unexplored, mechanism we call Permission to Override (PtO). We find that in Israel, at least, the central government’s approval and rejection of these permission requests seem to be equitable and non-political. However, despite the central neutrality, municipalities with lower socio-economic status and fewer political connections tend not to submit requests. Municipalities are also reluctant to submit requests before elections and tend to submit them only afterwards. These socio-economic and political biases may create inequalities and hinder a successful use of the PtO mechanism. We discuss the limited use of this mechanism (requests amount to approximately 0.6 percent of the total property tax income) and its shortcomings and draw conclusions from the Israeli case study.
{"title":"The Political Economy of Local Governments’ Requests for Permission to Override Central Fiscal Limitations: Insights from Israel","authors":"Omer Kimhi, I. Beeri, Y. Reingewertz","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjac021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjac021","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Central governments often restrict municipalities’ ability to raise or reduce taxes, but, in many jurisdictions, municipalities can ask the central government’s permission to set aside these limitations. Using an Israeli dataset, we explore this prevalent, yet unexplored, mechanism we call Permission to Override (PtO). We find that in Israel, at least, the central government’s approval and rejection of these permission requests seem to be equitable and non-political. However, despite the central neutrality, municipalities with lower socio-economic status and fewer political connections tend not to submit requests. Municipalities are also reluctant to submit requests before elections and tend to submit them only afterwards. These socio-economic and political biases may create inequalities and hinder a successful use of the PtO mechanism. We discuss the limited use of this mechanism (requests amount to approximately 0.6 percent of the total property tax income) and its shortcomings and draw conclusions from the Israeli case study.","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47732967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
COVID-19 had a major impact on how some states administered the 2020 election and little effect on others. Using a new dataset, we identify the options states introduced to make voting safer, the measures they took to encourage voters to use these options, and the options' effects on voter turnout. We show that most states introduced few, if any, significant changes in voting policies. We identify relationships between the states' responses and preexisting election policies, party control of government, and other state characteristics. We also demonstrate the introduction of safe voting options had an effect on aggregate voter turnout. The results give insights into factors that influence election policymaking and the prospects for future election reforms.
{"title":"Correction to: The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Election Administration, Voting Options, and Turnout in the 2020 US Election","authors":"P. Herrnson, M. Hanmer, M. Weil, R. Orey","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjac012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjac012","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 had a major impact on how some states administered the 2020 election and little effect on others. Using a new dataset, we identify the options states introduced to make voting safer, the measures they took to encourage voters to use these options, and the options' effects on voter turnout. We show that most states introduced few, if any, significant changes in voting policies. We identify relationships between the states' responses and preexisting election policies, party control of government, and other state characteristics. We also demonstrate the introduction of safe voting options had an effect on aggregate voter turnout. The results give insights into factors that influence election policymaking and the prospects for future election reforms.","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":"52 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77782952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laboratories Against Democracy: How National Parties Transformed State Politics, by Jacob M. Grumbach","authors":"Timothy Callaghan","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjac027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjac027","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46249300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recent scholarship on U.S. regulatory federalism has tended to focus on conflict between the states and state resistance to federal initiatives. Less attention has been given to federal–state cooperation and how it affects regulatory enforcement. In this article, we examine intergovernmental cooperation in multistate lawsuits filed by state attorneys general to ascertain trends in multistate regulatory enforcement through litigation over time. We pay particular attention to the increasing use of compliance monitoring by both state and federal regulators, including through monitors independent of the regulated industries. Relying upon a dataset of legal settlements, scoping interviews, and two case studies of recent multistate litigation, we find that federal–state cooperation in multistate lawsuits has become more institutionalized over time. This increased cooperation has created a two-way street in which state and federal regulators often combine resources and learn from each other through the process of compliance monitoring.
{"title":"Monitoring Corporate Compliance through Cooperative Federalism: Trends in Multistate Settlements by State Attorneys General","authors":"Colin Provost, Elysa M Dishman, Paul Nolette","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjac019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjac019","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recent scholarship on U.S. regulatory federalism has tended to focus on conflict between the states and state resistance to federal initiatives. Less attention has been given to federal–state cooperation and how it affects regulatory enforcement. In this article, we examine intergovernmental cooperation in multistate lawsuits filed by state attorneys general to ascertain trends in multistate regulatory enforcement through litigation over time. We pay particular attention to the increasing use of compliance monitoring by both state and federal regulators, including through monitors independent of the regulated industries. Relying upon a dataset of legal settlements, scoping interviews, and two case studies of recent multistate litigation, we find that federal–state cooperation in multistate lawsuits has become more institutionalized over time. This increased cooperation has created a two-way street in which state and federal regulators often combine resources and learn from each other through the process of compliance monitoring.","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42281444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There has been little study of the effects of federalism on the regulation and reform of family law (FL). This article addresses that gap by identifying variables that affect two aspects of FL: child marriage and abortion. The underlying research question is what conditions make it easier to reform discriminatory FL in one federation compared to another. FL involves multiple rules governing marriage, divorce, custody, adoption, and often inheritance and family property use. Many gender scholars also include reproductive self-determination, specifically abortion. FL rules also have multiple elements: e.g., marriage regulations govern age, “race,” sex, domicile, etc., that often differ across constituent units. The main variable examined is the extent of centralization, because the dominant pattern of regulation in these cases is centralized legislation and decentralized implementation. The other two variables explored are religion and international norms-building and their effects on FL regulation and reform.
{"title":"Regulating Family Law in Federations: The Impact of De/Centralization, Religion, and International Treaties on Abortion and Child Marriage Policies","authors":"Jill McCalla Vickers","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjac014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjac014","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There has been little study of the effects of federalism on the regulation and reform of family law (FL). This article addresses that gap by identifying variables that affect two aspects of FL: child marriage and abortion. The underlying research question is what conditions make it easier to reform discriminatory FL in one federation compared to another. FL involves multiple rules governing marriage, divorce, custody, adoption, and often inheritance and family property use. Many gender scholars also include reproductive self-determination, specifically abortion. FL rules also have multiple elements: e.g., marriage regulations govern age, “race,” sex, domicile, etc., that often differ across constituent units. The main variable examined is the extent of centralization, because the dominant pattern of regulation in these cases is centralized legislation and decentralized implementation. The other two variables explored are religion and international norms-building and their effects on FL regulation and reform.","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49218261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic Federalism: A New Theory for Cohesion and Regional Autonomy, by Patricia Popelier","authors":"Annamaria Gamper","doi":"10.1093/publius/pjab034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjab034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47224,"journal":{"name":"Publius-The Journal of Federalism","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43183179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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