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Evaluation of a Co-Research Program: optimising engagement in research. 合作研究项目的评估:优化参与研究。
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-09-30 DOI: 10.1111/bld.70012
Ashley Scott, Sophie Rowland, Aniqua Mehdi, Eric Rubenstein

Background: Co-research methods have improved the inclusion of people with intellectual and developmental disabilities on research teams. This article presents the evaluation of the DS-TO-THE-MAX Co-Research Program to assess program process and outcomes. The team consists of co-researchers with Down syndrome and academic researchers who collaborate on health research projects important to the Down syndrome community.

Methods: We developed a logic model to map program components and outcomes. From the model, we identified and assessed five key areas. We interviewed seven co-researchers with Down syndrome and conducted a focus group with research assistants based on key areas. We analysed using thematic analysis.

Findings: We found that mutual recognition of contributions and multiple communication modes facilitated engagement and team connectedness. Co-researchers reported their interests and experiences drove contributions, and they saw benefits from collaborating with each other. Co-researchers noticed accessible team practices and described self-advocating. Though co-researchers did not explicitly identify as researchers, they reported making decisions and feeling heard and valued. They shared barriers such as difficult vocabulary.

Conclusions: Our evaluation showed that relationships and co-researchers' experiences and interests were central to research engagement. Co-research team evaluations are feasible mechanisms to improve inclusive collaboration for research team members with intellectual and developmental disabilities.

Accessible abstract: People with intellectual and developmental disabilities are working on research teams as co-researchers to study health.We looked at DS-TO-THE-MAX Co-Research Team to understand the program's goals and the experiences of co-researchers' with Down syndrome.We interviewed seven co-researchers with Down syndrome and did a focus group with research assistants to understand their experiences. We asked questions about the program's organisation and how co-researchers participate and feel included in research projects.Team connections and good communication were helpful for co-researchers, but sometimes difficult vocabulary made it hard to participate. Co-researchers did not see themselves as researchers but said they felt included and participated more when the project matched their interests.It is important to understand how co-research programs work. We can improve programs like ours to help team members with intellectual and developmental disabilities participate.

背景:合作研究方法提高了智力和发育障碍患者在研究团队中的包容性。本文介绍了对DS-TO-THE-MAX合作研究项目的评估,以评估项目过程和结果。该团队由唐氏综合症的共同研究人员和学术研究人员组成,他们在对唐氏综合症社区重要的健康研究项目上进行合作。方法:我们开发了一个逻辑模型来映射程序组件和结果。从模型中,我们确定并评估了五个关键领域。我们采访了7位患有唐氏综合症的共同研究人员,并根据关键领域与研究助理进行了焦点小组讨论。我们使用主题分析法进行分析。研究结果:我们发现,相互认可的贡献和多种沟通模式促进了参与和团队联系。共同研究人员报告说,他们的兴趣和经历推动了他们的贡献,他们看到了相互合作的好处。共同研究人员注意到无障碍的团队实践,并描述了自我倡导。虽然共同研究人员没有明确表明自己是研究人员,但他们报告说,他们做出了决定,感觉被倾听和被重视。他们有共同的障碍,比如词汇困难。结论:我们的评估表明,关系和共同研究人员的经验和兴趣是研究参与的核心。合作研究团队评估是促进智力和发育障碍研究团队成员包容性合作的可行机制。摘要:智力和发育障碍人士作为共同研究人员在研究团队中工作,以研究健康。我们查看了DS-TO-THE-MAX联合研究团队,以了解该项目的目标以及患有唐氏综合症的联合研究人员的经历。我们采访了7位患有唐氏综合症的共同研究人员,并与研究助理进行了焦点小组讨论,以了解他们的经历。我们询问了有关该项目组织的问题,以及共同研究人员如何参与研究项目并感到被纳入其中。团队关系和良好的沟通对共同研究人员很有帮助,但有时困难的词汇会使参与变得困难。共同研究人员并不认为自己是研究人员,但他们表示,当项目符合他们的兴趣时,他们会感到被纳入其中,并更多地参与其中。了解合作研究项目是如何运作的是很重要的。我们可以改进像我们这样的项目,帮助有智力和发育障碍的团队成员参与进来。
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引用次数: 0
A Questionnaire Exploring How Third Sector Alcohol Support Organisations in Scotland Meet the Needs of People With Intellectual Disabilities 调查苏格兰第三部门酒精支持组织如何满足智障人士需求的问卷
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-09-21 DOI: 10.1111/bld.70003
Fionnuala Williams, Christos Kouimtsidis, Alexander Baldacchino

Background

Previous research has investigated how staff from National Health Service Substance Use Disorder (SUD) services feel about supporting people with intellectual disabilities but has not explored the third (voluntary) sector, usually the main support provider in Scotland for nondependent SUD.

Methods

A questionnaire sent to third sector alcohol support agencies explored: awareness of the needs of people with intellectual disabilities, awareness of other services who can support when working with this group, whether training/adaptations were made to improve accessibility and whether staff hold people with intellectual disabilities in the same regard as people without.

Results

Nineteen participants responded. Most knew what intellectual disabilities were and had supported people with intellectual disabilities. However, other findings suggested the need for more training/input with only 16% having been trained about intellectual disabilities by their organisation, a lack of awareness of potential support from intellectual disabilities services and limited knowledge about tailoring approaches to these people. Only 47% felt their services could adequately support this group. There was not strong evidence of a difference in regard towards people with an alcohol problem with intellectual disabilities compared with those without.

Conclusions

Improved joint working is needed between intellectual disability and alcohol services to support this group.

之前的研究调查了国家卫生服务物质使用障碍(SUD)服务的工作人员对支持智障人士的感受,但没有探索第三(自愿)部门,通常是苏格兰非依赖性物质使用障碍的主要支持提供者。方法向第三部门酒精支持机构发送调查问卷,探讨对智力残疾者需求的认识,对与该群体合作时可提供支持的其他服务的认识,是否进行了培训/适应以改善可及性,以及工作人员是否将智力残疾者与非智力残疾者同等对待。结果19名参与者回应。大多数人都知道什么是智障,并支持过智障人士。然而,其他调查结果表明,需要更多的培训/投入,只有16%的人在他们的组织接受过关于智力残疾的培训,缺乏对智力残疾服务潜在支持的认识,以及对这些人的量身定制方法的了解有限。只有47%的人认为他们的服务可以充分支持这个群体。没有强有力的证据表明,有酒精问题的智力残疾人士与没有酒精问题的智力残疾人士在这方面存在差异。结论需要改进智力残疾和酒精服务之间的联合工作,以支持这一群体。
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引用次数: 0
The Implementation of Community Engagement Models Amongst People With Learning Disabilities in the Context of Health and Social Care: A Systematic Review 在健康和社会关怀的背景下,学习障碍者社区参与模式的实施:系统回顾
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1111/bld.70001
Syka Iqbal, Farah Ahmed, Inayah Uddin, Katie Gilchrist, Norha Vera San Juan, Ana Motta, Qanita Fatima, Saeeda Arshad, Cecilia Vindrola-Padros

Background

People with learning disabilities face significant health inequalities, including lower life expectancy and greater physical and mental health challenges. Community engagement approaches are increasingly used in health and social care to address these disparities, yet little is known about their impact. This review explored community engagement models in health and social care for people with learning disabilities.

Methods

A search strategy combining ‘community engagement’ and ‘learning disability’ was used to identify studies across multiple electronic databases. Studies were included if they provided empirical data on community engagement for people with learning disabilities. Data extraction enabled descriptive analyses, characterising studies in terms of focus, topic area, setting, and factors influencing implementation. Risk of bias was assessed using the MMAT.

Findings

Seven papers met the inclusion criteria. Key enablers included embedding approaches within existing services, context-specific model adaptation, recruiting a coordinator to integrate cross-sector working, and supportive state policy encouraging community ownership. Barriers included a lack of standardisation, particularly inconsistent definitions of community engagement, varied approaches across services and the absence of clear outcome measures, making it difficult to assess impact. Additional barriers included cross-sector culture clashes and complex needs prohibiting participation of people with learning disabilities.

Conclusion

Community engagement shows promise in addressing health inequalities, but further research is needed to measure its impact on patient outcomes compared to standard care. Findings can guide researchers and policymakers in implementing contextually relevant community engagement approaches.

Clinical Trial Registration

N/A.

学习障碍者面临严重的健康不平等,包括预期寿命较低,身心健康面临更大挑战。社区参与方法越来越多地用于卫生和社会保健,以解决这些差异,但对其影响知之甚少。本综述探讨了社区参与模式对学习障碍人士的健康和社会关怀。方法使用结合“社区参与”和“学习障碍”的搜索策略来识别多个电子数据库中的研究。如果研究提供了学习障碍人士社区参与的经验数据,则纳入其中。数据提取使描述性分析成为可能,在重点、主题领域、环境和影响实施的因素方面描述研究的特征。使用MMAT评估偏倚风险。结果7篇论文符合纳入标准。关键的推动因素包括在现有服务中嵌入方法、根据具体情况调整模型、招聘协调人员整合跨部门工作以及鼓励社区所有权的支持性国家政策。障碍包括缺乏标准化,特别是对社区参与的定义不一致,各服务部门的做法不一,以及缺乏明确的成果衡量标准,因此难以评估影响。其他障碍包括跨部门文化冲突和复杂的需求,使学习障碍者无法参与。结论:社区参与在解决卫生不平等方面显示出希望,但需要进一步的研究来衡量其与标准护理相比对患者结果的影响。研究结果可以指导研究人员和政策制定者实施与环境相关的社区参与方法。临床试验注册。
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引用次数: 0
“It's Just the Love and the Care, That's What Makes Things Work”: Fathers With Learning Disabilities' Experiences of the Attachment Relationship With Their Children “只有爱和关心,事情才会成功”:有学习障碍的父亲与孩子的依恋关系的经历
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1111/bld.70002
Eva Wilmots, Kate Theodore

Background

People with learning disabilities may be at a higher risk of attachment difficulties than the general population. Fathers are underrepresented in the literature on parents with learning disabilities. This study aimed to gather an in-depth understanding of fathers with learning disabilities' perceptions of developing an attachment with their children.

Methods

Eleven fathers who self-identified as having a learning disability were recruited via self-advocacy groups across the United Kingdom and their experiences were explored through semi-structured interviews.

Findings

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis produced three key themes: (1) “It's just the love…and the care, that's what makes things work”; (2) “Time is, it is precious”; (3) Challenges to and benefits from the father-child relationship.

Conclusions

Fathers described behaviours mirroring attachment theory, with the findings suggesting a need for early inclusion of fathers in childcare to facilitate a secure father-child relationship. The results reveal the need for more research on attachment styles in fathers with learning disabilities to help develop better attachment-focused interventions tailored to them.

背景:与一般人群相比,有学习障碍的人可能有更高的依恋困难风险。在关于有学习障碍的父母的文献中,父亲的代表性不足。本研究旨在深入了解有学习障碍的父亲对与子女发展依恋的看法。方法通过英国各地的自我倡导组织招募了11位自认为有学习障碍的父亲,并通过半结构化访谈对他们的经历进行了探讨。解释性现象学分析产生了三个关键主题:(1)“这只是爱……和关心,这就是让事情运作的东西”;(2)“时间是宝贵的”;(3)父子关系面临的挑战和受益。父亲描述的行为反映了依恋理论,研究结果表明,需要早期将父亲纳入儿童保育中,以促进安全的父子关系。研究结果表明,需要对有学习障碍的父亲的依恋类型进行更多的研究,以帮助开发更好的针对他们的依恋干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Building Inclusive Academic and Disability Community Research Partnerships: Methodological Insights for Engaging Victims With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities 建立包容性的学术和残疾社区研究伙伴关系:与智力和发育障碍受害者接触的方法见解
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1111/bld.70000
Ráchael A. Powers, Amanda K. Simmons, Brittany E. Hayes, Kecia Weller, Leigh Anne McKingsley, Cooper A. Maher, Jacquelyn Burckley

Background

Individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities are disproportionally at risk of and impacted by violent victimization. They also face substantial barriers to reporting victimization to the police. One of those barriers is language access. Similarly, communication can also pose challenges for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities in participating in research. This manuscript aims to provide resources to help and encourage research that centres individuals with disabilities in all aspects of research.

Method

Through our work on a qualitative project that explored language access and communication barriers to seeking justice for victims with intellectual and developmental disabilities, we provide reflection and recommendations about working with the disability community throughout the research process. In line with the scope of our study, we focus our discussion on issues related to language access and communication.

Conclusion

Involving individuals with disabilities in informing the justice process and as partners in research is crucial for developing policies and programs that appropriately serve the disability community. There are resources available to help researchers co-create knowledge with the disability community.

有智力和发育障碍的个体遭受暴力侵害的风险和影响是不成比例的。她们在向警方报告受害情况时也面临很大障碍。其中一个障碍是语言的获取。同样,沟通也会给智力和发育障碍的个人在参与研究时带来挑战。本手稿的目的是提供资源,以帮助和鼓励研究中心的个人残疾在研究的各个方面。方法通过我们的一个定性项目,探讨为智力和发育障碍受害者寻求正义的语言获取和沟通障碍,我们在整个研究过程中提供与残疾人社区合作的反思和建议。根据我们的研究范围,我们将重点讨论与语言获取和交流有关的问题。让残疾人参与司法程序并作为研究伙伴参与,对于制定适当服务于残疾人群体的政策和方案至关重要。有一些资源可以帮助研究人员与残疾人社区共同创造知识。
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引用次数: 0
‘I Haven't Allowed Myself to Think About This During My Studies’—Biographical (Self-)Reflection of Trainee Teachers in the Context of Learning Spaces Critical of Ableism “我没有让自己在学习中思考这个问题”——残疾主义批判学习空间背景下实习教师的传记(自我)反思
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1111/bld.12660
Nico Leonhardt, So Mackert

Background

Inclusion-oriented development processes and corresponding (educational) actions are inevitably linked to the analysis of exclusion and discrimination practices. The institutional ‘production of inequality and difference’ plays a central role. Educational processes are strongly determined by one's own biographical experiences.

Methods

In the summer semester of 2023, a participatory course on discrimination-sensitive biographical analysis of school experiences was held at the Leipzig University. Subject matter experts on inclusion and education (lecturers with learning disabilities) from the university and transfer project QuaBIS were active involved in the planning and implementation. The article presents and critically assesses findings (analysed by content analysis) based on a group discussion with students in the teaching profession.

Findings

On the basis of the data collected, different categories were created that highlighted the challenges and opportunities of participatory biographical work at different levels. Effective structural conditions and socially shaped practices of segregation were also critically reflected upon.

Conclusions

This participatory seminar workshop offered student teachers the opportunity to reflect on and theoretically categorise their own biographical experiences in relation to ableist norms and related logics of ability. In particular, the perspectives of lecturers with learning disabilities have led to an intensive examination of ableist norms, which also need to be critically reflected upon. Ableism served as a central category of analysis to make sense of powerful and discriminatory entanglements between school, personal biography and society. At the same time, it became clear that structurally and culturally traditional processes of exclusion are active at universities and need to be transparently negotiated and reflected upon.

以包容为导向的发展进程和相应的(教育)行动不可避免地与对排斥和歧视做法的分析联系在一起。制度性的“不平等和差异的生产”起着核心作用。教育过程在很大程度上取决于个人的生平经历。方法于2023年夏季学期在莱比锡大学举办了一门关于歧视敏感的学校经历传记分析的参与式课程。来自大学和转学项目QuaBIS的包容和教育主题专家(有学习障碍的讲师)积极参与了规划和实施。文章提出并批判性地评估发现(通过内容分析分析)基于小组讨论与学生在教学专业。在收集数据的基础上,创建了不同的类别,以突出不同层次的参与式传记工作的挑战和机遇。对有效的结构条件和社会形成的隔离做法也进行了批判性的反思。这个参与式研讨会为实习教师提供了一个机会,让他们反思自己与能力主义规范和相关能力逻辑相关的传记经历,并从理论上对其进行分类。特别是,有学习障碍的讲师的观点导致了对残疾主义规范的深入审查,这也需要进行批判性反思。残疾歧视是分析学校、个人经历和社会之间强大的、歧视性纠缠的一个核心范畴。与此同时,很明显,在结构和文化上传统的排斥过程在大学中很活跃,需要进行透明的谈判和反思。
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引用次数: 0
A Career as a Participatory Teacher in Hungarian Higher Education 匈牙利高等教育参与式教师的职业生涯
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1111/bld.12658
Anikó Sándor, Csilla Cserti-Szauer, András Futár, György Könczei

Background

Under the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, disabled people have the right to participate in all decisions that affect their lives, be they in any segment of legislation, policy or practice. The academic world is no exception.

Methods

The authors are members of an inclusive academic team, including a colleague with intellectual disabilities. In this paper, we describe how our team works together and how we adapt our participatory teaching method to other helping professions.

Findings

In addition to the use of participatory teaching in special needs education training, it is possible to adapt the method in the training of mainstream teachers and pastoral students.

Conclusions

The ‘We teach together! Participatory higher education method’ is a way to make the training in helping professions more inclusive. This should, in time, create more inclusive spaces where professionals and people with intellectual disabilities co-exist.

根据《残疾人权利公约》,残疾人有权参与影响其生活的一切决定,无论是立法、政策还是实践的任何环节。学术界也不例外。方法作者是一个包容性学术团队的成员,其中包括一名智障同事。在本文中,我们描述了我们的团队如何合作,以及我们如何将我们的参与式教学方法应用于其他帮助专业。发现除了在特殊需要教育培训中使用参与式教学外,在主流教师和教牧学生的培训中也可以采用这种方法。“我们一起教!”参与式高等教育是一种使帮助类职业培训更具包容性的方法。随着时间的推移,这将创造更包容的空间,让专业人士和智障人士共存。
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引用次数: 0
Keeping It in the Family: The Proposed and Rejected Irish Constitutional Amendment on Family Caregiving—Insights From the IDS-TILDA Carer Study 把它留在家庭:关于家庭照顾的拟议和拒绝的爱尔兰宪法修正案——来自IDS-TILDA照顾者研究的见解
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1111/bld.12659
Damien Brennan, Philip McCallion, Mary McCarron, Maureen D'Eath

Background

In 2024, Irish people rejected their government's proposed Constitutional changes relating to the definition of a family, and the interface between state and family with reference to the provision of care. Using data from a Carer's Study, this paper reflects on the defeated Care Amendment with reference to current and historic social policy that mediates, shapes and informs family and the state's responsibility for care provision for people with intellectual disability.

Methods

Family carers of older people with intellectual disability completed a self-administered, mixed methods questionnaire. Qualitative data were analysed thematically, and a descriptive analysis of the quantitative data was conducted using SPSS.

Findings

The positioning of the family as the principal point of care is remarkably robust even in the face of personal challenges experienced by caregivers. Within the reality of limited formal services, it would appear that family-based care continues to be constructed as the natural and neutral form of care provision, relieving the state of obligations to care for citizens with disabilities.

Conclusions

An urgent exploration of the social contract for care is required to address the fundamental question as to where the responsibility for the long-term care of people with intellectual disability resides.

2024年,爱尔兰人民拒绝了政府提出的关于家庭定义的宪法改革,以及国家和家庭在提供护理方面的关系。本文使用护理员研究的数据,参考当前和历史上的社会政策,对被否决的护理修正案进行了反思,这些政策调解、塑造并告知家庭和国家为智障人士提供护理的责任。方法老年智障家庭照顾者自行填写一份混合方法问卷。定性数据按主题进行分析,定量数据用SPSS进行描述性分析。即使面对照顾者所经历的个人挑战,家庭作为主要照顾点的定位也是非常牢固的。在正式服务有限的现实情况下,以家庭为基础的照料似乎继续被视为提供照料的自然和中立形式,从而减轻了国家照顾残疾公民的义务。迫切需要对护理社会契约进行探索,以解决智力残疾者长期护理的责任所在这一根本问题。
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引用次数: 0
What Is Important to People With Learning Disabilities in Supported Accommodation? 对在辅助住宿的学习障碍人士来说,什么是重要的?
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-06-24 DOI: 10.1111/bld.12657
Valerie Taylor, Claire Evans, Keri Heynes, Sam Neville, Sandy Toogood, Vasiliki Totsika

Background

In the United Kingdom, approximately 25% of adults with learning disabilities live in supported accommodation. Operational models rarely consider how people with learning disabilities want to experience the flow and rhythm of everyday life. The study explored adults with learning disabilities' perspectives of activity participation in supported settings.

Method

Participants were 19 adults with a learning disability who shared their views via one-to-one interviews and focus groups. Questions used for both the interviews and the focus groups were co-produced with experts by experience. Data were analysed using a rapid analysis involving researchers and experts by experience.

Findings

Adults living in supported accommodation said they liked to participate in many activities, especially outside the home, and enjoyed being busy. They identified that their experience and choice could be affected by service limitations, mainly due to a lack of staff support, which in turn was linked to limitations in local authority funding and staff shift patterns.

Conclusions

Operational models for supported accommodation settings should prioritise supporting people to participate in a wealth of activities and to experience a ‘busy’ life, within their communities, moving beyond community presence. Such models would enable a better quality of life through greater self-determination.

在英国,大约25%的有学习障碍的成年人生活在辅助住宿中。运营模式很少考虑有学习障碍的人希望如何体验日常生活的流动和节奏。该研究探讨了有学习障碍的成年人在支持环境中参与活动的观点。方法选取19名有学习障碍的成人为研究对象,通过一对一访谈和焦点小组讨论的方式分享他们的观点。访谈和焦点小组使用的问题都是根据经验与专家共同提出的。研究人员和专家根据经验对数据进行了快速分析。住在支持住宿的成年人表示,他们喜欢参加许多活动,尤其是在家之外的活动,并且喜欢忙碌。他们指出,他们的经验和选择可能受到服务限制的影响,这主要是由于缺乏工作人员支助,而这又与地方当局供资和工作人员轮班模式的限制有关。支持性住宿设置的操作模式应优先支持人们参与丰富的活动,体验社区内的“忙碌”生活,超越社区存在。这种模式将通过更大的自决权提高生活质量。
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引用次数: 0
Intellectual Disability in a Post-Neoliberal World By Clegg, J. & Lansdall-Welfare, R., Cham, Switzerland: Palgrave Macmillan, 2024. 1-112 pp. €42.79. ISBN: 978-3-031-57944-8. 《后新自由主义世界中的智力残疾》,克莱格,J. &兰斯德尔-福利,R., Cham,瑞士:Palgrave Macmillan出版社,2024。1-112页,42.79欧元。ISBN: 978-3-031-57944-8。
IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q3 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1111/bld.12656
Johanna Kappenberg
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引用次数: 0
期刊
British Journal of Learning Disabilities
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