Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.1177/00812463221129067
Annette M. Snyman, M. Coetzee, Nadia Ferreira
Employee turnover and talent retention are both key concerns for higher education institutions because they are losing highly qualified staff members to the private sector and other higher education institutions that offer better rewards and benefits. This study explored the mediating effect of perceptions of organisational justice and trust relationships on the link between higher education institution staff’s psychological contract perceptions and satisfaction with organisational retention practices. The study involved a cross-sectional quantitative survey with a sample of (N = 493) full-time employees, both from academic and support staff, at an open distance learning higher education institution in South Africa. Structural equation mediation modelling and mediation analysis showed that organisational justice and trust relationships function as positive parallel and separate mediating mechanisms in the psychological contract – retention practices’ satisfaction link. The study highlighted the importance of employees’ psychological contract beliefs in the employee–organisation relationship, and especially in determining mutual expectations that guide and shape perceptions of organisational justice and trust. Employees’ satisfaction with retention practices is positively enhanced when they experience mutually satisfactory just and trustworthy relations in the organisation.
{"title":"The psychological contract and retention practices in the higher education context: the mediating role of organisational justice and trust","authors":"Annette M. Snyman, M. Coetzee, Nadia Ferreira","doi":"10.1177/00812463221129067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463221129067","url":null,"abstract":"Employee turnover and talent retention are both key concerns for higher education institutions because they are losing highly qualified staff members to the private sector and other higher education institutions that offer better rewards and benefits. This study explored the mediating effect of perceptions of organisational justice and trust relationships on the link between higher education institution staff’s psychological contract perceptions and satisfaction with organisational retention practices. The study involved a cross-sectional quantitative survey with a sample of (N = 493) full-time employees, both from academic and support staff, at an open distance learning higher education institution in South Africa. Structural equation mediation modelling and mediation analysis showed that organisational justice and trust relationships function as positive parallel and separate mediating mechanisms in the psychological contract – retention practices’ satisfaction link. The study highlighted the importance of employees’ psychological contract beliefs in the employee–organisation relationship, and especially in determining mutual expectations that guide and shape perceptions of organisational justice and trust. Employees’ satisfaction with retention practices is positively enhanced when they experience mutually satisfactory just and trustworthy relations in the organisation.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":"185 - 198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48101548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-12DOI: 10.1177/00812463221130194
Tshegofatso Pearl Ramatsetse, E. Ross
Given South Africa’s social, historical, political, and economic landscape which has contributed towards a relatively high prevalence of father absence, particularly in Black families, and the risk of adverse implications for children’s psychosocial development, the issue of absent fathers is an important area for research. However, the differential impact of father absence on the girl child remains relatively under-researched. Hence, the study explored the perceived psychosocial impact of father absence during childhood and adolescence on adult women. A case study research design located within a qualitative research approach was employed and nine adult women aged 18 to 35 years were purposefully recruited from Grobler Park, Johannesburg West for participation in the study. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, three participants were interviewed telephonically and seven face-to-face. The research was guided by Mkhize’s sociocultural psychological tradition and Erikson’s psychosocial development theory. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the collected data. Among the key findings was that the women perceived the experience of father absence to have adversely affected their feelings of belonging and sense of identity, with some participants having suffered emotional and financial challenges. Participants acknowledged a lack of healthy relationships with other men associated with having grown up with an absent father. While most of the women adopted positive coping strategies, a small number resorted to negative coping. There was also recognition of the important roles that social fathers assume in child-rearing. These findings have important implications for promoting positive father-daughter relations.
{"title":"Understanding the perceived psychosocial impact of father absence on adult women","authors":"Tshegofatso Pearl Ramatsetse, E. Ross","doi":"10.1177/00812463221130194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463221130194","url":null,"abstract":"Given South Africa’s social, historical, political, and economic landscape which has contributed towards a relatively high prevalence of father absence, particularly in Black families, and the risk of adverse implications for children’s psychosocial development, the issue of absent fathers is an important area for research. However, the differential impact of father absence on the girl child remains relatively under-researched. Hence, the study explored the perceived psychosocial impact of father absence during childhood and adolescence on adult women. A case study research design located within a qualitative research approach was employed and nine adult women aged 18 to 35 years were purposefully recruited from Grobler Park, Johannesburg West for participation in the study. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, three participants were interviewed telephonically and seven face-to-face. The research was guided by Mkhize’s sociocultural psychological tradition and Erikson’s psychosocial development theory. Thematic analysis was employed to analyse the collected data. Among the key findings was that the women perceived the experience of father absence to have adversely affected their feelings of belonging and sense of identity, with some participants having suffered emotional and financial challenges. Participants acknowledged a lack of healthy relationships with other men associated with having grown up with an absent father. While most of the women adopted positive coping strategies, a small number resorted to negative coping. There was also recognition of the important roles that social fathers assume in child-rearing. These findings have important implications for promoting positive father-daughter relations.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":"199 - 210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42723782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-11DOI: 10.1177/00812463221128166
A. Pillay, W. Gowensmith, R. Roesch, Alexandra Hopkins
Considering forensic psychology’s varying stages of development across the world, this work briefly explores historical developments, the field of practice, training, licensing, legislation, and associated challenges in South Africa, the United States, and Canada. While there are numerous similarities, a few differences are evident. Among the common areas of practice, psychologists are involved in assessments to determine fitness (competency) to stand trial, criminal responsibility in adults, as well as assisting courts in making determinations on criminal responsibility in the case of children in conflict with the law. In South Africa, psychological assessments of sexual violence complainants with intellectual disability are also required by courts. Psychological intervention, research, and policy development work are also conducted in the three countries. Challenges appear in the intersection between psychology and the law, expectations of psychologists, and the inclusion of psychologists in evaluation panels in South Africa and Canada. It is clear that psychologists are playing an active role in the professional development of the field, research, and coordinating with legislative authorities in advancing forensic mental health and advocating for people with mental health problems. However, across the three countries, there is a need for continued focus on the broader issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion with respect to the forensic populations being served, and there has to be a concerted effort to address the psychosocial needs of marginalized communities.
{"title":"A brief comparison of forensic psychology in South Africa, the United States, and Canada","authors":"A. Pillay, W. Gowensmith, R. Roesch, Alexandra Hopkins","doi":"10.1177/00812463221128166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463221128166","url":null,"abstract":"Considering forensic psychology’s varying stages of development across the world, this work briefly explores historical developments, the field of practice, training, licensing, legislation, and associated challenges in South Africa, the United States, and Canada. While there are numerous similarities, a few differences are evident. Among the common areas of practice, psychologists are involved in assessments to determine fitness (competency) to stand trial, criminal responsibility in adults, as well as assisting courts in making determinations on criminal responsibility in the case of children in conflict with the law. In South Africa, psychological assessments of sexual violence complainants with intellectual disability are also required by courts. Psychological intervention, research, and policy development work are also conducted in the three countries. Challenges appear in the intersection between psychology and the law, expectations of psychologists, and the inclusion of psychologists in evaluation panels in South Africa and Canada. It is clear that psychologists are playing an active role in the professional development of the field, research, and coordinating with legislative authorities in advancing forensic mental health and advocating for people with mental health problems. However, across the three countries, there is a need for continued focus on the broader issues of diversity, equity, and inclusion with respect to the forensic populations being served, and there has to be a concerted effort to address the psychosocial needs of marginalized communities.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":"172 - 184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48432148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1177/00812463221129361
A. Crookes, M. Warren, Sierra Meyer
Pacific Island Countries are particularly vulnerable to the environmental and economic consequences of climate change including both direct and indirect impacts on individuals’ mental health. There is a need to better understand the links between environmental attitudes, pro-environmental behaviours, and well-being in this region and to develop cost-effective, culturally informed interventions. The present study explored the level of environmental concerns and attitudes among Pacific Island university students and how this relates to their overall well-being, the nature of their current pro-environmental actions, and the potential for individuals’ character strengths to predict pro-environmental attitudes. College students (n = 269) from six Pacific Island Countries completed a survey measuring their character strengths, well-being, and environmental support. As expected, the young adults had very high levels of concern about environmental threats, and this was related to their overall well-being. The young adults felt a personal responsibility to protect the environments around their local communities, which suggests national climate change strategies should be embedded within this localised context. Character strengths were highly valued among the Pacific Island sample and showed some association with (specifically) support for environmental actions and policies. Given the high levels of environmental concern in the sample, the character strengths approach likely provides a bridge between emotional engagement and active allyship in some individuals. Therefore, further research should investigate the role of character strengths in empowering pacific students to play a more leading role in policy change.
{"title":"When threat is imminent, does character matter for climate action? Exploring environmental concerns, well-being, and character strengths in the Pacific Island Countries","authors":"A. Crookes, M. Warren, Sierra Meyer","doi":"10.1177/00812463221129361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463221129361","url":null,"abstract":"Pacific Island Countries are particularly vulnerable to the environmental and economic consequences of climate change including both direct and indirect impacts on individuals’ mental health. There is a need to better understand the links between environmental attitudes, pro-environmental behaviours, and well-being in this region and to develop cost-effective, culturally informed interventions. The present study explored the level of environmental concerns and attitudes among Pacific Island university students and how this relates to their overall well-being, the nature of their current pro-environmental actions, and the potential for individuals’ character strengths to predict pro-environmental attitudes. College students (n = 269) from six Pacific Island Countries completed a survey measuring their character strengths, well-being, and environmental support. As expected, the young adults had very high levels of concern about environmental threats, and this was related to their overall well-being. The young adults felt a personal responsibility to protect the environments around their local communities, which suggests national climate change strategies should be embedded within this localised context. Character strengths were highly valued among the Pacific Island sample and showed some association with (specifically) support for environmental actions and policies. Given the high levels of environmental concern in the sample, the character strengths approach likely provides a bridge between emotional engagement and active allyship in some individuals. Therefore, further research should investigate the role of character strengths in empowering pacific students to play a more leading role in policy change.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"52 1","pages":"436 - 448"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45729868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1177/00812463221129362
Ersun Çıplak
This study examined the mediating role of the future time perspective in the relationship between climate change awareness and the hope of preventing the climate emergency. The study group consisted of 398 adults. The data were collected using the awareness scale of university students about global climate change, climate change hope scale, and the Zimbardo time perspective inventory future time perspective subscale. The data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0, LISREL 8.70, and PROCESS v3.4 for SPSS. The results showed that the mediating role of the future time perspective in the relationship between climate change awareness and the hope of preventing climate change was statistically significant. The results also demonstrated that the future time perspective should be taken into account in interventions to increase the awareness and hope of individuals about climate change. This may be particularly important in countries such as Turkey, where action plans to prevent climate change have only recently come into force.
{"title":"The mediating role of the future time perspective in the relationship between global climate change awareness and hope for the prevention of climate change","authors":"Ersun Çıplak","doi":"10.1177/00812463221129362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463221129362","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the mediating role of the future time perspective in the relationship between climate change awareness and the hope of preventing the climate emergency. The study group consisted of 398 adults. The data were collected using the awareness scale of university students about global climate change, climate change hope scale, and the Zimbardo time perspective inventory future time perspective subscale. The data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0, LISREL 8.70, and PROCESS v3.4 for SPSS. The results showed that the mediating role of the future time perspective in the relationship between climate change awareness and the hope of preventing climate change was statistically significant. The results also demonstrated that the future time perspective should be taken into account in interventions to increase the awareness and hope of individuals about climate change. This may be particularly important in countries such as Turkey, where action plans to prevent climate change have only recently come into force.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"52 1","pages":"498 - 509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47059566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-10DOI: 10.1177/00812463221130196
C. Wagner, Jeremy T Gibberd
An increasing emphasis on taking personal responsibility for making changes to address climate change and support sustainable development is hindered by the limited tools and guidance available that enable the relationship between living patterns and environmental impacts to be readily and accurately discerned. An exception is the ecological footprint calculator that measures the global environmental impact of everyday activities. This study describes how the ecological footprint calculator is used as part of a master’s course in environmental psychology to enable students to understand, change, and measure the environmental impacts of their daily activities. A case study design based on students’ exercises was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data. We found relational, environment, financial, and self-efficacy themes embedded in their reflections on the intervention process. Our study supports an educational approach that requires students to self-develop, implement, and measure interventions to reduce their ecological footprint.
{"title":"Reducing students’ ecological footprints through self-developed interventions","authors":"C. Wagner, Jeremy T Gibberd","doi":"10.1177/00812463221130196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463221130196","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing emphasis on taking personal responsibility for making changes to address climate change and support sustainable development is hindered by the limited tools and guidance available that enable the relationship between living patterns and environmental impacts to be readily and accurately discerned. An exception is the ecological footprint calculator that measures the global environmental impact of everyday activities. This study describes how the ecological footprint calculator is used as part of a master’s course in environmental psychology to enable students to understand, change, and measure the environmental impacts of their daily activities. A case study design based on students’ exercises was used to collect quantitative and qualitative data. We found relational, environment, financial, and self-efficacy themes embedded in their reflections on the intervention process. Our study supports an educational approach that requires students to self-develop, implement, and measure interventions to reduce their ecological footprint.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"52 1","pages":"533 - 544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42669149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1177/00812463221093842
A. Kagee
Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in many sub-Saharan African countries, but the field of psycho-oncology is underdeveloped. This article reviews the literature on psychosocial oncology in sub-Saharan African with a view to developing a research and practice agenda in the field. The search engines used were Google Scholar, Psych Info, Web of Science, and PubMed and articles were focused on but not limited to the past 10 years. The search terms were ‘Africa, psycho-oncology, psychosocial oncology, mental health, and cancer’. The review is structured as follows: cancer surveillance in sub-Saharan African, behavioural risk factors, cancer screening, and psychosocial issues related to various types of cancers. Psychological reactions in the context of cancer including adjustment, depression, and anxiety disorders are also discussed. It is suggested that sub-Saharan African countries require appropriate funding to support improved systems of surveillance and implementation of cancer registries. Public health and behavioural interventions are needed to increase the awareness of cervical cancer and preventive health-seeking behaviour among high-risk women. Restrictive laws on opioids need to be reconsidered and behavioural health campaigns to control obesity, limit salt intake, and increase awareness of the risks of ultra-violet light are necessary to reduce the incidence of various cancers. Psychosocial support is necessary to ameliorate depressed mood, anxiety, and anticipation and fear of death among persons living with cancer and their families in sub-Saharan Africa. To this end, the training of practitioners to strengthen psychosocial aspects of care, especially palliative care, is a priority.
癌症是许多撒哈拉以南非洲国家发病率和死亡率的主要原因，但心理肿瘤学领域尚不发达。本文回顾了撒哈拉以南非洲的社会心理肿瘤学文献，以期在该领域制定研究和实践议程。使用的搜索引擎是b谷歌Scholar, Psych Info, Web of Science和PubMed，文章主要关注但不限于过去10年。搜索词是“非洲、心理肿瘤学、社会心理肿瘤学、精神健康和癌症”。审查的结构如下:撒哈拉以南非洲地区的癌症监测、行为风险因素、癌症筛查以及与各类癌症相关的社会心理问题。心理反应在癌症的背景下，包括调整，抑郁和焦虑障碍也进行了讨论。有人建议，撒哈拉以南非洲国家需要适当的资金来支持改进的监测系统和癌症登记的实施。需要采取公共卫生和行为干预措施，以提高高危妇女对宫颈癌和预防性求医行为的认识。需要重新考虑关于类阿片的限制性法律，必须开展行为健康运动，以控制肥胖、限制盐摄入量和提高对紫外线风险的认识，以减少各种癌症的发病率。心理社会支持对于改善撒哈拉以南非洲癌症患者及其家属的抑郁情绪、焦虑以及对死亡的预期和恐惧是必要的。为此，培训从业人员加强护理的社会心理方面，特别是姑息治疗，是一个优先事项。
{"title":"The need for psychosocial oncology research in sub-Saharan Africa: a review of the terrain","authors":"A. Kagee","doi":"10.1177/00812463221093842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463221093842","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in many sub-Saharan African countries, but the field of psycho-oncology is underdeveloped. This article reviews the literature on psychosocial oncology in sub-Saharan African with a view to developing a research and practice agenda in the field. The search engines used were Google Scholar, Psych Info, Web of Science, and PubMed and articles were focused on but not limited to the past 10 years. The search terms were ‘Africa, psycho-oncology, psychosocial oncology, mental health, and cancer’. The review is structured as follows: cancer surveillance in sub-Saharan African, behavioural risk factors, cancer screening, and psychosocial issues related to various types of cancers. Psychological reactions in the context of cancer including adjustment, depression, and anxiety disorders are also discussed. It is suggested that sub-Saharan African countries require appropriate funding to support improved systems of surveillance and implementation of cancer registries. Public health and behavioural interventions are needed to increase the awareness of cervical cancer and preventive health-seeking behaviour among high-risk women. Restrictive laws on opioids need to be reconsidered and behavioural health campaigns to control obesity, limit salt intake, and increase awareness of the risks of ultra-violet light are necessary to reduce the incidence of various cancers. Psychosocial support is necessary to ameliorate depressed mood, anxiety, and anticipation and fear of death among persons living with cancer and their families in sub-Saharan Africa. To this end, the training of practitioners to strengthen psychosocial aspects of care, especially palliative care, is a priority.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"52 1","pages":"392 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48694140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-24DOI: 10.1177/00812463221119302
J. Senekal, Gabriella Ruth Groenewald, Lisa Wolfaardt, Cisca Jansen, Kayla Williams
Adolescents are noted to increasingly utilise social media for communication, and therefore, social media is where much of their psychosocial development takes place. The potential impact of social media on psychosocial development is complex and is an emerging field of research. A systematic review was conducted to investigate existing research relating to social media’s effects on psychosocial development. Good practice in systematic review reporting was followed, aligned to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, and a team of five reviewers were involved in each stage of the review process to enhance objectivity and methodological rigour. The review included 20 studies, published between 2008 and 2019. The findings show a complex relationship between social media and adolescent psychosocial development. Social media was found to involve potential risks, in terms of excessive and problematic use, comparison, and cyberbullying. Social support, from both peers and parents, may buffer these negative impacts. Potential benefits of social media use include supporting identity development and the maintenance of existing peer relationships. Considering the growth of social media use, it is imperative to consider the development and provision of interventions and mental health care services to address the potential risks associated with increased social media use. Psychoeducation with adolescents and parents as to the risks, benefits, and constructive parental supervision of social media is also recommended. The review highlights the need for high-quality empirical research to further clarify the long-term impact of social media use, particularly within the South African context.
{"title":"Social media and adolescent psychosocial development: a systematic review","authors":"J. Senekal, Gabriella Ruth Groenewald, Lisa Wolfaardt, Cisca Jansen, Kayla Williams","doi":"10.1177/00812463221119302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463221119302","url":null,"abstract":"Adolescents are noted to increasingly utilise social media for communication, and therefore, social media is where much of their psychosocial development takes place. The potential impact of social media on psychosocial development is complex and is an emerging field of research. A systematic review was conducted to investigate existing research relating to social media’s effects on psychosocial development. Good practice in systematic review reporting was followed, aligned to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement, and a team of five reviewers were involved in each stage of the review process to enhance objectivity and methodological rigour. The review included 20 studies, published between 2008 and 2019. The findings show a complex relationship between social media and adolescent psychosocial development. Social media was found to involve potential risks, in terms of excessive and problematic use, comparison, and cyberbullying. Social support, from both peers and parents, may buffer these negative impacts. Potential benefits of social media use include supporting identity development and the maintenance of existing peer relationships. Considering the growth of social media use, it is imperative to consider the development and provision of interventions and mental health care services to address the potential risks associated with increased social media use. Psychoeducation with adolescents and parents as to the risks, benefits, and constructive parental supervision of social media is also recommended. The review highlights the need for high-quality empirical research to further clarify the long-term impact of social media use, particularly within the South African context.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":"157 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48094567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-15DOI: 10.1177/00812463221117439
Phenyo Kgaugelo Motswai
Psychology in South Africa continues to develop within the changing socio-historical context. Domains of competence are anticipated to develop over the course of the career of a clinical psychology student and professional. Guidelines from the Health Professions Council of South Africa stipulate that the internship year should be dedicated to developing functional competences. It is also required that students provide psychological services to a wide spectrum of patients to prepare for the mental health care needs of the diverse South African population. This preliminary study set out to describe the nature of practical training completed by clinical psychology students that may aid in the development of functional competence domains. Surveys assessing practical training during Master’s coursework were completed by clinical psychology students (n = 20) during the first week of their internship. Interns placed at 1 Military Hospital for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020 participated in the study, and the completed surveys were examined. Results indicated a variance in the number of patients consulted, the hours spent consulting patients as well as the diversity of patient exposure. Some students reported limited to no practical training in psychological tests, which is a cause for concern. Students also rated their perceived competence in report writing as average, which may reflect socially desirable responses. Study outcomes suggest a need to develop agreement among psychology trainers at various stages of the training process regarding the priority to be placed on different practical training aspects. This may assist in training clinical psychologists who can adequately provide much-needed community-based services.
{"title":"Practical training completed by clinical psychology Master’s students commencing their internship at 1 Military Hospital: a preliminary study","authors":"Phenyo Kgaugelo Motswai","doi":"10.1177/00812463221117439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463221117439","url":null,"abstract":"Psychology in South Africa continues to develop within the changing socio-historical context. Domains of competence are anticipated to develop over the course of the career of a clinical psychology student and professional. Guidelines from the Health Professions Council of South Africa stipulate that the internship year should be dedicated to developing functional competences. It is also required that students provide psychological services to a wide spectrum of patients to prepare for the mental health care needs of the diverse South African population. This preliminary study set out to describe the nature of practical training completed by clinical psychology students that may aid in the development of functional competence domains. Surveys assessing practical training during Master’s coursework were completed by clinical psychology students (n = 20) during the first week of their internship. Interns placed at 1 Military Hospital for the years 2018, 2019, and 2020 participated in the study, and the completed surveys were examined. Results indicated a variance in the number of patients consulted, the hours spent consulting patients as well as the diversity of patient exposure. Some students reported limited to no practical training in psychological tests, which is a cause for concern. Students also rated their perceived competence in report writing as average, which may reflect socially desirable responses. Study outcomes suggest a need to develop agreement among psychology trainers at various stages of the training process regarding the priority to be placed on different practical training aspects. This may assist in training clinical psychologists who can adequately provide much-needed community-based services.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":"145 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2022-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41378860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1177/00812463221113445
C. Aliche
The beneficial effect of mindfulness in promoting posttraumatic growth has been well established in research, but it remains unclear what psychological mechanisms mediate it. This study examined the mediating roles of positive reappraisal and self-compassion on the relationship between mindfulness and posttraumatic growth in patients with cancer. A random sample of 550 patients drawn from two medical health care institutions in southeast, Nigeria participated in this study. Results of mediation analysis showed that positive reappraisal and self-compassion independently mediated the relationship between mindfulness and posttraumatic growth. These findings underscore the usefulness of mindfulness-based therapies in promoting cognitive emotional processes such as positive reappraisal abilities and self-compassion, which are essential in facilitating posttraumatic growth in patients with cancer.
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