Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1177/00812463231186390
Lingum G Pillay, B. Pillay, W. Kliewer, W. Sibanda
Youth in low socioeconomic status communities experience multiple risks which disrupts their emotional, cognitive, and psychological development. In South Africa, there is a tacit acceptance of risk constructs as researched globally. This study examines risk occurrence with the aim of identifying and examining the uniqueness of risks in a community sample of youth. Data were collected from youth and their maternal caregivers through interviews and standardized instruments. Youth from grade 7 and grade 10, 9 to 18 years (M = 13.11; SD = 1.54) were recruited. Sixty-five percent were female. Thirty-five frequent risk factors were identified using a z-test for proportion of means. Five risk factors, namely, low household income, race, English not being the primary home language of the parent, low maternal self-esteem, and low dyadic satisfaction, emerged as significant risks. Other risk factors (e.g., single-parent household), which feature prominently in international studies, did not emerge as significantly present. While risk occurrence in our sample shares commonalities with international trends, our study further highlights how risk is underscored and shaped by South Africa’s socioeconomic and political history. We argue that traditional concepts, like family, race, and language require conceptual review when undertaking research and developing policies and interventions that are relevant to South African communities.
{"title":"An exploration of risk factors in a community sample of low socioeconomic status youth in South Africa","authors":"Lingum G Pillay, B. Pillay, W. Kliewer, W. Sibanda","doi":"10.1177/00812463231186390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231186390","url":null,"abstract":"Youth in low socioeconomic status communities experience multiple risks which disrupts their emotional, cognitive, and psychological development. In South Africa, there is a tacit acceptance of risk constructs as researched globally. This study examines risk occurrence with the aim of identifying and examining the uniqueness of risks in a community sample of youth. Data were collected from youth and their maternal caregivers through interviews and standardized instruments. Youth from grade 7 and grade 10, 9 to 18 years (M = 13.11; SD = 1.54) were recruited. Sixty-five percent were female. Thirty-five frequent risk factors were identified using a z-test for proportion of means. Five risk factors, namely, low household income, race, English not being the primary home language of the parent, low maternal self-esteem, and low dyadic satisfaction, emerged as significant risks. Other risk factors (e.g., single-parent household), which feature prominently in international studies, did not emerge as significantly present. While risk occurrence in our sample shares commonalities with international trends, our study further highlights how risk is underscored and shaped by South Africa’s socioeconomic and political history. We argue that traditional concepts, like family, race, and language require conceptual review when undertaking research and developing policies and interventions that are relevant to South African communities.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":"389 - 402"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49039943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.1177/00812463231186347
Tarryn L Papé, David J. F. Maree
Working memory training (WM-T), as an intervention strategy to improve emotion regulation (ER), has become popular in cognitive psychology. However, it poses many different challenges for researchers, and far-transfer effects on subsequent ER have been debated. This systematic exploratory review investigates how the WM-ER dyad is implicated in WM-T as an intervention strategy for improving ER. Systematic review protocols were followed for the selection of studies investigating the relationship between WM and ER, and WM-T to improve ER. An electronic database search following the PRISMA statement was conducted in which 15 studies were considered eligible. The studies were assessed for quality control using an adapted Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool for quantitative studies. Studies were analysed using the PVO (population, variables, and outcomes) strategy for systematic exploratory reviews. Five studies included psychological disorders and one study used brain imaging. From a neural perspective, the coupling of the prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex over the amygdala was involved in the WM-ER dyad. Although there was a lack of evidence of far-transfer effects of WM-T to improve ER, the mechanisms of reward-enhancing effects in WM-T, as well as dopamine release (involved in brain-reward circuitry), should be explored further. This will allow researchers to re-evaluate the direction that the investigation is taking. More concerningly, there is a need for quality control in WM-T studies due to several studies lacking ethical consideration and standardisation. Future WM-T studies must ensure that research is founded on quality evidence.
{"title":"A systematic exploratory review investigating the relationship between working memory and emotion regulation: implications for working memory training","authors":"Tarryn L Papé, David J. F. Maree","doi":"10.1177/00812463231186347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231186347","url":null,"abstract":"Working memory training (WM-T), as an intervention strategy to improve emotion regulation (ER), has become popular in cognitive psychology. However, it poses many different challenges for researchers, and far-transfer effects on subsequent ER have been debated. This systematic exploratory review investigates how the WM-ER dyad is implicated in WM-T as an intervention strategy for improving ER. Systematic review protocols were followed for the selection of studies investigating the relationship between WM and ER, and WM-T to improve ER. An electronic database search following the PRISMA statement was conducted in which 15 studies were considered eligible. The studies were assessed for quality control using an adapted Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tool for quantitative studies. Studies were analysed using the PVO (population, variables, and outcomes) strategy for systematic exploratory reviews. Five studies included psychological disorders and one study used brain imaging. From a neural perspective, the coupling of the prefrontal cortex and the anterior cingulate cortex over the amygdala was involved in the WM-ER dyad. Although there was a lack of evidence of far-transfer effects of WM-T to improve ER, the mechanisms of reward-enhancing effects in WM-T, as well as dopamine release (involved in brain-reward circuitry), should be explored further. This will allow researchers to re-evaluate the direction that the investigation is taking. More concerningly, there is a need for quality control in WM-T studies due to several studies lacking ethical consideration and standardisation. Future WM-T studies must ensure that research is founded on quality evidence.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45719820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-08DOI: 10.1177/00812463231186335
R. Roomaney, M. Popovac
We examined the extent to which neuroticism, health anxiety, social anxiety, and social support predicted well-being in a sample of online users engaging in health-seeking behaviour. We used a cross-sectional online survey to recruit participants who engaged in online health-seeking behaviour. The study included 350 participants who were recruited online using social media platforms such as Reddit and Twitter. A multiple regression was conducted to examine the relationships between neuroticism, health anxiety, social anxiety, social support, and well-being. Participants completed a battery of measures on Survey Monkey consisting of a demographic questionnaire, International Personality Item Pool Big Five Markers, Leibowitz Social Anxiety scale, Short Health Anxiety Inventory, World Health Organisation Five Well-Being Index, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. We found significant negative correlations between the indicated psychological variables and well-being, indicating that higher levels of neuroticism, social anxiety, and health anxiety were related to lower levels of well-being. We also found significant, positive correlations between the social support variables and well-being, indicating that more social support was correlated with better well-being. The results of the multiple regression demonstrate that neuroticism, health anxiety, family support, and friend support were significant predictors of well-being.
{"title":"Psychosocial correlates of well-being among people who engage in online health-seeking behaviour","authors":"R. Roomaney, M. Popovac","doi":"10.1177/00812463231186335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231186335","url":null,"abstract":"We examined the extent to which neuroticism, health anxiety, social anxiety, and social support predicted well-being in a sample of online users engaging in health-seeking behaviour. We used a cross-sectional online survey to recruit participants who engaged in online health-seeking behaviour. The study included 350 participants who were recruited online using social media platforms such as Reddit and Twitter. A multiple regression was conducted to examine the relationships between neuroticism, health anxiety, social anxiety, social support, and well-being. Participants completed a battery of measures on Survey Monkey consisting of a demographic questionnaire, International Personality Item Pool Big Five Markers, Leibowitz Social Anxiety scale, Short Health Anxiety Inventory, World Health Organisation Five Well-Being Index, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. We found significant negative correlations between the indicated psychological variables and well-being, indicating that higher levels of neuroticism, social anxiety, and health anxiety were related to lower levels of well-being. We also found significant, positive correlations between the social support variables and well-being, indicating that more social support was correlated with better well-being. The results of the multiple regression demonstrate that neuroticism, health anxiety, family support, and friend support were significant predictors of well-being.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49557583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-08DOI: 10.1177/00812463231186266
Jacobus Louw, A. van Heerden, Mandi Broodryk, Liska White, L. Olivier, M. Tomlinson
Children exposed to alcohol in utero may suffer from cognitive and physical sequelae. The most impactful damage in terms of daily functioning is to higher order cognitive functions involved in planning and goal-directed behaviour, referred to as executive functions. Cognitive training interventions are used as a remedial tool for executive function deficits but require implementation by professionals. For the South African context, where resources are limited, a tablet computer-based cognitive training game was developed. This study aimed to establish the feasibility of implementing and evaluating this intervention in South Africa for children exposed to alcohol prenatally. This was a three-arm feasibility randomised control trial comparing an alcohol exposed intervention arm, to an alcohol exposed control arm, and a non-exposed normative arm. Arm allocation was based on self-reported maternal alcohol use during a structured interview. To assess feasibility, we evaluated participant recruitment and barriers to implementation. Executive functions were measured at baseline and following intervention to evaluate the preliminary impact of the intervention. No significant differences were found between the three arms on the post-intervention assessments. The retention rate was acceptable for a randomised control trial; however, there was significant variance in the length of time spent playing the game overall. The majority of participants learned to play the game quickly and progressed through the difficulty levels. In conclusion, a full randomised control trial using the recruitment, randomisation and implementation method would be suitable in the South African context. The statistical outcomes of this trial do not support a full-scale randomised control trial of this intervention.
{"title":"Computer-based cognitive training for cognitive development of alcohol-exposed children in South Africa: a feasibility randomised control trial","authors":"Jacobus Louw, A. van Heerden, Mandi Broodryk, Liska White, L. Olivier, M. Tomlinson","doi":"10.1177/00812463231186266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231186266","url":null,"abstract":"Children exposed to alcohol in utero may suffer from cognitive and physical sequelae. The most impactful damage in terms of daily functioning is to higher order cognitive functions involved in planning and goal-directed behaviour, referred to as executive functions. Cognitive training interventions are used as a remedial tool for executive function deficits but require implementation by professionals. For the South African context, where resources are limited, a tablet computer-based cognitive training game was developed. This study aimed to establish the feasibility of implementing and evaluating this intervention in South Africa for children exposed to alcohol prenatally. This was a three-arm feasibility randomised control trial comparing an alcohol exposed intervention arm, to an alcohol exposed control arm, and a non-exposed normative arm. Arm allocation was based on self-reported maternal alcohol use during a structured interview. To assess feasibility, we evaluated participant recruitment and barriers to implementation. Executive functions were measured at baseline and following intervention to evaluate the preliminary impact of the intervention. No significant differences were found between the three arms on the post-intervention assessments. The retention rate was acceptable for a randomised control trial; however, there was significant variance in the length of time spent playing the game overall. The majority of participants learned to play the game quickly and progressed through the difficulty levels. In conclusion, a full randomised control trial using the recruitment, randomisation and implementation method would be suitable in the South African context. The statistical outcomes of this trial do not support a full-scale randomised control trial of this intervention.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49028337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-08DOI: 10.1177/00812463231186260
Sonto Madonsela, L. Ware, M. Scott, J. Watermeyer
Adult mental health challenges frequently stem from undiagnosed poor mental health earlier in life. With increasing levels of poor adolescent mental health and insufficient health care resources in low- and middle-income countries, mobile mental health may offer expanded service access. Little is known about mobile mental health interventions for adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Our aim was to review the literature on mobile mental health intervention, development and use for low- and middle-income country adolescents. We searched APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, Psychiatry online, and Ebscohost databases using keywords and phrases. Screening of the 6953 retrieved articles, generated 6 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Arksey and O’Malley’s adapted framework was followed using rigorous inclusion criteria and screening by two reviewers. Studies showed high heterogeneity. Two studies used short message service text messaging platforms, one used phone call reminders, two used smartphone applications (WhatsApp or game-based), and one study compared different short message service, web-based and smartphone app offerings. Generally, adolescents had a positive perception of mobile mental health interventions. Helpline messages, peer group sessions, access to a counsellor and games set in real-life environments were some of the preferred contents of mobile mental health interventions. Noted barriers include low personal mobile phone ownership, leading to lack of confidentiality, data costs and limited internet access. While adolescents in low- and middle-income countries find mobile mental health interventions acceptable and supportive, challenges remain. Mobile mental health interventions can potentially overcome barriers associated with face-to-face care, such as high cost and stigma. However, more research is needed to overcome these challenges and build the evidence-base in low- and middle-income countries for this field to grow.
成人心理健康挑战往往源于生命早期未确诊的不良心理健康状况。随着低收入和中等收入国家青少年心理健康状况日益恶化和卫生保健资源不足，流动精神卫生可能会提供更多的服务。人们对低收入和中等收入国家青少年的流动精神卫生干预措施知之甚少。我们的目的是回顾有关低收入和中等收入国家青少年流动心理健康干预、发展和使用的文献。我们使用关键词和短语搜索了APA PsycInfo、Web of Science、在线精神病学和Ebscohost数据库。筛选6953篇检索到的文章，产生6篇符合纳入标准的文章。Arksey和O 'Malley的改编框架采用了严格的纳入标准，并由两名审稿人进行了筛选。研究显示高度异质性。两项研究使用短信服务，一项使用电话提醒，两项使用智能手机应用(WhatsApp或基于游戏的应用)，一项研究比较了不同的短信服务、网络和智能手机应用。总体而言，青少年对流动心理健康干预措施持积极态度。求助热线信息、同伴小组会议、咨询顾问和在现实环境中设置的游戏是移动心理健康干预的一些首选内容。注意到的障碍包括个人移动电话拥有率低，导致缺乏保密性、数据成本和有限的互联网接入。虽然低收入和中等收入国家的青少年认为流动精神卫生干预措施是可接受和有益的，但挑战依然存在。流动精神卫生干预措施有可能克服与面对面护理相关的障碍，例如高昂的费用和耻辱。然而，需要更多的研究来克服这些挑战，并在低收入和中等收入国家建立证据基础，以促进这一领域的发展。
{"title":"The development and use of adolescent mobile mental health (m-mhealth) interventions in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review","authors":"Sonto Madonsela, L. Ware, M. Scott, J. Watermeyer","doi":"10.1177/00812463231186260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231186260","url":null,"abstract":"Adult mental health challenges frequently stem from undiagnosed poor mental health earlier in life. With increasing levels of poor adolescent mental health and insufficient health care resources in low- and middle-income countries, mobile mental health may offer expanded service access. Little is known about mobile mental health interventions for adolescents in low- and middle-income countries. Our aim was to review the literature on mobile mental health intervention, development and use for low- and middle-income country adolescents. We searched APA PsycInfo, Web of Science, Psychiatry online, and Ebscohost databases using keywords and phrases. Screening of the 6953 retrieved articles, generated 6 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Arksey and O’Malley’s adapted framework was followed using rigorous inclusion criteria and screening by two reviewers. Studies showed high heterogeneity. Two studies used short message service text messaging platforms, one used phone call reminders, two used smartphone applications (WhatsApp or game-based), and one study compared different short message service, web-based and smartphone app offerings. Generally, adolescents had a positive perception of mobile mental health interventions. Helpline messages, peer group sessions, access to a counsellor and games set in real-life environments were some of the preferred contents of mobile mental health interventions. Noted barriers include low personal mobile phone ownership, leading to lack of confidentiality, data costs and limited internet access. While adolescents in low- and middle-income countries find mobile mental health interventions acceptable and supportive, challenges remain. Mobile mental health interventions can potentially overcome barriers associated with face-to-face care, such as high cost and stigma. However, more research is needed to overcome these challenges and build the evidence-base in low- and middle-income countries for this field to grow.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44520746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-08DOI: 10.1177/00812463231186269
Celestin Mutuyimana, M. Thoma, A. Maercker, V. Sezibera, E. Heim
Numerous studies have been conducted among survivors of the genocide against the Tutsi on the prevalence of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, thus far, no studies provide information on the frequency of comorbidity of these disorders, the prevalence of the new trauma-related diagnostic disorder known as complex post-traumatic stress disorder, and the role of social determinants, such as age, sex, marital status, employment category, education, and location, in the occurrence of these disorders. The present study was conducted to address these gaps. Genocide survivors ( N = 261 participants; M = 46.30, SD = 11.95, females = 52.9%) took part in the study. They completed the International Trauma Questionnaire, the Public Health Depression Questionnaire, and the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analyses, bivariate analyses with two-tailed chi-square tests, and logistic regression were used to determine the prevalence of the above-mentioned disorders, comorbidity, and the associations between the social determinants and the assessed psychopathologies. Of the total sample, 47.1% presented with at least one of the assessed probable mental health disorders: 15.3% ( n = 40) met the criteria for probable post-traumatic stress disorder, 15.3% ( n = 40) for probable complex post-traumatic stress disorder, and 38.7% ( n = 101) for probable depression. Of the participants with probable post-traumatic stress disorder and complex post-traumatic stress disorder, nearly half met the criteria for probable depression. Being married but not living with the partner was associated with probable complex post-traumatic stress disorder, and unemployment was associated with probable depression. Our findings suggest clinicians and policymakers that they should consider comorbidity and social determinants in their interventions.
{"title":"Caseness and comorbidity of probable (complex) post-traumatic stress disorder and depression in survivors of genocide against Tutsi in Rwanda: the role of social determinants","authors":"Celestin Mutuyimana, M. Thoma, A. Maercker, V. Sezibera, E. Heim","doi":"10.1177/00812463231186269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231186269","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have been conducted among survivors of the genocide against the Tutsi on the prevalence of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. However, thus far, no studies provide information on the frequency of comorbidity of these disorders, the prevalence of the new trauma-related diagnostic disorder known as complex post-traumatic stress disorder, and the role of social determinants, such as age, sex, marital status, employment category, education, and location, in the occurrence of these disorders. The present study was conducted to address these gaps. Genocide survivors ( N = 261 participants; M = 46.30, SD = 11.95, females = 52.9%) took part in the study. They completed the International Trauma Questionnaire, the Public Health Depression Questionnaire, and the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Descriptive statistical analyses, bivariate analyses with two-tailed chi-square tests, and logistic regression were used to determine the prevalence of the above-mentioned disorders, comorbidity, and the associations between the social determinants and the assessed psychopathologies. Of the total sample, 47.1% presented with at least one of the assessed probable mental health disorders: 15.3% ( n = 40) met the criteria for probable post-traumatic stress disorder, 15.3% ( n = 40) for probable complex post-traumatic stress disorder, and 38.7% ( n = 101) for probable depression. Of the participants with probable post-traumatic stress disorder and complex post-traumatic stress disorder, nearly half met the criteria for probable depression. Being married but not living with the partner was associated with probable complex post-traumatic stress disorder, and unemployment was associated with probable depression. Our findings suggest clinicians and policymakers that they should consider comorbidity and social determinants in their interventions.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47289814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-08DOI: 10.1177/00812463231186271
M. Coetzee, Headman N. Mbiko, E. Nel
The present study drew from the career construction theory of career adaptation and assessed the extent to which career agility and psychological capital (as psychological states of adaptive readiness) activated employees’ career adaptability resources and fostered their career resilience and career satisfaction (as modes of career adaptedness). A sample of (N = 412; mean age = 38.79 years) Black African employees in the public services participated in the study. Correlational statistics showed positive associations between the study variables. Mediation effects highlighted technological adaptivity, agile learning, optimism, and hope as activators of career concern, career control, and career curiosity, which in turn boosted self-reliance, personal resilience, and work resilience. Psychological states of career agility and psychological capital had also direct effects on the career adaptedness modes of career resilience and career satisfaction. The findings enriched career adaptation theory and have utility for organisational career development practice in the public services.
{"title":"To what extent do career agility and psychological capital activate employees’ career adaptability and foster their career resilience and career satisfaction?","authors":"M. Coetzee, Headman N. Mbiko, E. Nel","doi":"10.1177/00812463231186271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231186271","url":null,"abstract":"The present study drew from the career construction theory of career adaptation and assessed the extent to which career agility and psychological capital (as psychological states of adaptive readiness) activated employees’ career adaptability resources and fostered their career resilience and career satisfaction (as modes of career adaptedness). A sample of (N = 412; mean age = 38.79 years) Black African employees in the public services participated in the study. Correlational statistics showed positive associations between the study variables. Mediation effects highlighted technological adaptivity, agile learning, optimism, and hope as activators of career concern, career control, and career curiosity, which in turn boosted self-reliance, personal resilience, and work resilience. Psychological states of career agility and psychological capital had also direct effects on the career adaptedness modes of career resilience and career satisfaction. The findings enriched career adaptation theory and have utility for organisational career development practice in the public services.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":"438 - 451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47955658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-08DOI: 10.1177/00812463231186328
C. Aliche, C. M. Ifeagwazi, Emmanual Sochukwuma Ezaka
Individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus may experience death anxiety and experiential avoidance, which may impact negatively on health-related quality of life. Meaning in life is a positive psychological resource that protects against negative psychosocial outcomes. Although a direct relationship between these variables exists, to our knowledge, previous research has not explored their interaction effect. The present study examined whether meaning in life moderates the relationship between (1) the multidimensional death anxiety and health-related quality of life, and (2) experiential avoidance and health-related quality of life among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The pool of participants consisted of 311 type 2 diabetes outpatients drawn from a tertiary health care institution in South-East Nigeria. The participants completed several self-report measures, such as the short form of the Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire, Death Anxiety Inventory–Revised, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, and the Presence of Meaning in life subscale of Meaning in Life Questionnaire. The results of a regression analysis showed that death anxiety in terms of death acceptance, death finality, and thoughts about death were independently associated with poor health-related quality of life at low, but not at average and high levels of meaning in life. Externally generated death anxiety was associated with poor health-related quality of life at low and average, but not at high levels of meaning in life. Finally, experiential avoidance was associated with poor health-related quality of life at low and average, but not at high levels of meaning in life. We concluded that psychological interventions geared towards promoting health-related quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients should consider integrating meaning in life for its protective nature in improving positive health outcomes and recovery.
{"title":"Moderating role of meaning in life in the relationship of death anxiety, experiential avoidance and health-related quality of life among type 2 diabetes patients","authors":"C. Aliche, C. M. Ifeagwazi, Emmanual Sochukwuma Ezaka","doi":"10.1177/00812463231186328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231186328","url":null,"abstract":"Individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus may experience death anxiety and experiential avoidance, which may impact negatively on health-related quality of life. Meaning in life is a positive psychological resource that protects against negative psychosocial outcomes. Although a direct relationship between these variables exists, to our knowledge, previous research has not explored their interaction effect. The present study examined whether meaning in life moderates the relationship between (1) the multidimensional death anxiety and health-related quality of life, and (2) experiential avoidance and health-related quality of life among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The pool of participants consisted of 311 type 2 diabetes outpatients drawn from a tertiary health care institution in South-East Nigeria. The participants completed several self-report measures, such as the short form of the Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire, Death Anxiety Inventory–Revised, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, and the Presence of Meaning in life subscale of Meaning in Life Questionnaire. The results of a regression analysis showed that death anxiety in terms of death acceptance, death finality, and thoughts about death were independently associated with poor health-related quality of life at low, but not at average and high levels of meaning in life. Externally generated death anxiety was associated with poor health-related quality of life at low and average, but not at high levels of meaning in life. Finally, experiential avoidance was associated with poor health-related quality of life at low and average, but not at high levels of meaning in life. We concluded that psychological interventions geared towards promoting health-related quality of life of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients should consider integrating meaning in life for its protective nature in improving positive health outcomes and recovery.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48772328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.1177/00812463231186267
Summer Tao, Liezille Jacobs
This study explored the training needs of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment practitioners in relation to their readiness in treating queer clients. We conducted a series of semi-structured interviews (N = 7) based in the Western Cape of South Africa. A thematic analysis identified themes related to treatment structures developed for a binary perception of gender, the burden of discrimination borne by queer clients that may impede treatment, and practitioner interest in further training and development. Our findings suggest that SUD treatment practitioners do not feel fully prepared to treat queer clients and are aware of a need for gender-sensitive training in this area. Improvements to practitioner training and readiness could yield benefits for both clients and practitioners within the treatment space.
{"title":"Queer and using substances, a ‘double whammy’: results from a needs assessment of substance use treatment professionals in South Africa","authors":"Summer Tao, Liezille Jacobs","doi":"10.1177/00812463231186267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231186267","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the training needs of substance use disorder (SUD) treatment practitioners in relation to their readiness in treating queer clients. We conducted a series of semi-structured interviews (N = 7) based in the Western Cape of South Africa. A thematic analysis identified themes related to treatment structures developed for a binary perception of gender, the burden of discrimination borne by queer clients that may impede treatment, and practitioner interest in further training and development. Our findings suggest that SUD treatment practitioners do not feel fully prepared to treat queer clients and are aware of a need for gender-sensitive training in this area. Improvements to practitioner training and readiness could yield benefits for both clients and practitioners within the treatment space.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":"366 - 376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43613587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1177/00812463231156499
S. Pitcher, F. Boonzaier
In recent years, photo-narrative methods have gained popularity as a feminist decolonial research approach. Located within the broader category of participatory action research, photovoice is committed to the democratisation of the research process. It aims to centre previously excluded knowledges and problematises what is considered ‘legitimate’ ways of knowing within the social sciences. As such, photovoice has been utilised across a wide range of studies that are aligned with a social justice agenda. Arising are questions around the burden of representation that is placed on participants; what it means for stories of marginalisation to be put ‘on display’; and the risk involved in disclosing personal experiences when there is a power differential between storyteller and audience. By highlighting complications encountered when conducting a photo-narrative project with transgender young persons in Cape Town, South Africa, this methodologically reflexive article contributes to this conversation. We explore the nuances and complexities that arose when using a methodology that relies heavily on visual data, on a community that experiences intense visual scrutiny daily. As a result, the research focused on participants’ narratives of invisibility and hypervisibility as presented in the data, thus bringing a reflexive stance and interrogation to assumptions of the approach often taken for granted.
{"title":"Hyper-invisibility and visual scrutiny: reflections from photo-narrative research with transgender young persons","authors":"S. Pitcher, F. Boonzaier","doi":"10.1177/00812463231156499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00812463231156499","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, photo-narrative methods have gained popularity as a feminist decolonial research approach. Located within the broader category of participatory action research, photovoice is committed to the democratisation of the research process. It aims to centre previously excluded knowledges and problematises what is considered ‘legitimate’ ways of knowing within the social sciences. As such, photovoice has been utilised across a wide range of studies that are aligned with a social justice agenda. Arising are questions around the burden of representation that is placed on participants; what it means for stories of marginalisation to be put ‘on display’; and the risk involved in disclosing personal experiences when there is a power differential between storyteller and audience. By highlighting complications encountered when conducting a photo-narrative project with transgender young persons in Cape Town, South Africa, this methodologically reflexive article contributes to this conversation. We explore the nuances and complexities that arose when using a methodology that relies heavily on visual data, on a community that experiences intense visual scrutiny daily. As a result, the research focused on participants’ narratives of invisibility and hypervisibility as presented in the data, thus bringing a reflexive stance and interrogation to assumptions of the approach often taken for granted.","PeriodicalId":47237,"journal":{"name":"South African Journal of Psychology","volume":"53 1","pages":"341 - 353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43264259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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