Pub Date : 2023-01-10DOI: 10.1177/00131245221147001
Emily Holtz, Cristina Worley, John A. Williams
Deficit ideologies permeate urban spaces particularly when mostly Black and Brown students attend neighborhood schools. Wealth concentrated in suburban areas further perpetuates stereotypes of urban as deficient, but empirical data has yet to interrogate these ideas. Using the National Household Education Survey and regression analysis of variance, this research determines the relationship between parents’ satisfaction with their child’s school and school location (rural, suburban, urban). Then, using race as a moderator, this study aims to ascertain if there is a relationship between parental satisfaction by race and urbanicity of the school their child attends. Implications address the systemic and structural components that contribute to deficit ideologies.
{"title":"Are Deficit Perspectives of Black and Brown Students Grounded in Empirical Data? Investigating the Myths of “Urban Education” Through Parent Satisfaction","authors":"Emily Holtz, Cristina Worley, John A. Williams","doi":"10.1177/00131245221147001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245221147001","url":null,"abstract":"Deficit ideologies permeate urban spaces particularly when mostly Black and Brown students attend neighborhood schools. Wealth concentrated in suburban areas further perpetuates stereotypes of urban as deficient, but empirical data has yet to interrogate these ideas. Using the National Household Education Survey and regression analysis of variance, this research determines the relationship between parents’ satisfaction with their child’s school and school location (rural, suburban, urban). Then, using race as a moderator, this study aims to ascertain if there is a relationship between parental satisfaction by race and urbanicity of the school their child attends. Implications address the systemic and structural components that contribute to deficit ideologies.","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47268645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-07DOI: 10.1177/00131245221139451
Sueanne E. McKinney, Deana J. Ford, C. Tomovic
A qualitative content analysis was employed to examine what factors contributed to effective teachers’ selection and retention in urban high poverty schools. First, the Star Teacher Interview was used to identify effective urban educators. Then, verbal interviews were conducted with star subjects to determine factors that contributed to their selection and decision to remain in urban high-poverty districts. An inductive analysis process revealed emerging and reoccurring themes. Four major factors were identified that influenced STAR teachers’ decision to begin their career in an urban school district and/or Title I school: Giving back to the community, diversity, location, and autonomy. Three major factors were identified that influenced STAR teachers’ decision to continue their career beyond 5 years in an urban school district and/or Title I school: Job satisfaction, effective with population, and perseverance. Implications of this study suggest that urban districts work closely with practicum and observation students from the universities who show promise in working with culturally diverse children. Providing teacher candidates with rich experiences in urban schools may positively impact their decision to work in urban settings.
{"title":"The Impact of Star Teacher Characteristics on Teacher Selection and Retention in Urban High Poverty Schools: A Qualitative Analysis","authors":"Sueanne E. McKinney, Deana J. Ford, C. Tomovic","doi":"10.1177/00131245221139451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245221139451","url":null,"abstract":"A qualitative content analysis was employed to examine what factors contributed to effective teachers’ selection and retention in urban high poverty schools. First, the Star Teacher Interview was used to identify effective urban educators. Then, verbal interviews were conducted with star subjects to determine factors that contributed to their selection and decision to remain in urban high-poverty districts. An inductive analysis process revealed emerging and reoccurring themes. Four major factors were identified that influenced STAR teachers’ decision to begin their career in an urban school district and/or Title I school: Giving back to the community, diversity, location, and autonomy. Three major factors were identified that influenced STAR teachers’ decision to continue their career beyond 5 years in an urban school district and/or Title I school: Job satisfaction, effective with population, and perseverance. Implications of this study suggest that urban districts work closely with practicum and observation students from the universities who show promise in working with culturally diverse children. Providing teacher candidates with rich experiences in urban schools may positively impact their decision to work in urban settings.","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42736981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.1177/00131245221142563
Suneal Kolluri
Young Black and Latino men transition from high school to 4-year universities at rates considerably lower than their peers. College-going disparities by gender are partly influenced by young men’s ...
{"title":"Men Don’t Ask for Directions: Gendered Social Capital and the Path to College at an Urban High School","authors":"Suneal Kolluri","doi":"10.1177/00131245221142563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245221142563","url":null,"abstract":"Young Black and Latino men transition from high school to 4-year universities at rates considerably lower than their peers. College-going disparities by gender are partly influenced by young men’s ...","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":"153 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138518663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-07DOI: 10.1177/00131245221121668
Kathleen M. Sellers, A. H. Mackenzie
This study draws on Gloria Ladson-Billings’ theory of culturally relevant pedagogy to explore how faculty at a private, Catholic, low-income serving, secondary school translated this theory into practice. Through a three-part action research methodology, the authors sought to answer two primary questions: How indicative are annual plans of culturally relevant pedagogy? How is culturally relevant pedagogy reflected in instructional practice? The data revealed faculty were not uniformly aware of the meaning or implications of culture nor culturally relevant pedagogy and incorporated such fractured knowledge into their annual plans to a limited degree, if at all. When those practices took place, they were often precipitated by student requests and linked directly with specific events in students’ lives in or outside the school environment. Additionally, faculty did not express a strong association between school-wide initiatives that were meant to be culturally relevant and the pedagogical work conducted in their classes. Further, Faculty of Color exhibited a greater level of critical consciousness and enumerated significantly more examples of cultural work than White faculty. Recommendations are made for additional research as well as targeted professional development, changes in staff learning practices, and fairer distributions of cultural work across faculty.
{"title":"Looking Back to Move Forward: Exploring Urban Secondary Education Teacher Perceptions of Culturally Relevant Pedagogy","authors":"Kathleen M. Sellers, A. H. Mackenzie","doi":"10.1177/00131245221121668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245221121668","url":null,"abstract":"This study draws on Gloria Ladson-Billings’ theory of culturally relevant pedagogy to explore how faculty at a private, Catholic, low-income serving, secondary school translated this theory into practice. Through a three-part action research methodology, the authors sought to answer two primary questions: How indicative are annual plans of culturally relevant pedagogy? How is culturally relevant pedagogy reflected in instructional practice? The data revealed faculty were not uniformly aware of the meaning or implications of culture nor culturally relevant pedagogy and incorporated such fractured knowledge into their annual plans to a limited degree, if at all. When those practices took place, they were often precipitated by student requests and linked directly with specific events in students’ lives in or outside the school environment. Additionally, faculty did not express a strong association between school-wide initiatives that were meant to be culturally relevant and the pedagogical work conducted in their classes. Further, Faculty of Color exhibited a greater level of critical consciousness and enumerated significantly more examples of cultural work than White faculty. Recommendations are made for additional research as well as targeted professional development, changes in staff learning practices, and fairer distributions of cultural work across faculty.","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43086689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1177/00131245221137571
Jeremy Singer
School choice policies can, by design or in implementation, give schools and districts discretion over enrollment. In this study, I examine the effect of local discretion over inter-district open enrollment on non-resident enrollment. I use longitudinal data on open enrollment patterns and policies in the metropolitan Detroit area. I find that when districts set more restrictive open enrollment policies, they enroll fewer new non-resident students overall, due to a decrease in new Black, Hispanic, and low-income non-resident students specifically. When districts allow inter-district open enrollment, racial and socioeconomic segregation within those districts do not change, and racial isolation slightly increases. My findings suggest that regulating enrollment policies to reduce discretionary exclusion can increase access to inter-district choice for some low-income and racially minoritized students, but that these kinds of policy changes are unlikely to reduce racial segregation and socioeconomic stratification more broadly.
{"title":"School Choice, Local Discretion, and Stratification: Evidence From Inter-district Open Enrollment in Metro Detroit","authors":"Jeremy Singer","doi":"10.1177/00131245221137571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245221137571","url":null,"abstract":"School choice policies can, by design or in implementation, give schools and districts discretion over enrollment. In this study, I examine the effect of local discretion over inter-district open enrollment on non-resident enrollment. I use longitudinal data on open enrollment patterns and policies in the metropolitan Detroit area. I find that when districts set more restrictive open enrollment policies, they enroll fewer new non-resident students overall, due to a decrease in new Black, Hispanic, and low-income non-resident students specifically. When districts allow inter-district open enrollment, racial and socioeconomic segregation within those districts do not change, and racial isolation slightly increases. My findings suggest that regulating enrollment policies to reduce discretionary exclusion can increase access to inter-district choice for some low-income and racially minoritized students, but that these kinds of policy changes are unlikely to reduce racial segregation and socioeconomic stratification more broadly.","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48950850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-16DOI: 10.1177/00131245221137574
Andrew J. Koonce
In the midst of the pandemic, this school district made a significant investment with recovery dollars to expand enrichment opportunities in art, music, and physical education for students in their K-8 schools. The hypothesis was increasing the quality and quantity of these opportunities, the school district would increase student engagement, lead to more empathetic and joyful learning environments, and create more time for teacher preparation and collaboration. There were a number of challenges in planning and implementation that district leaders and principals had to overcome in order to see this initiative come to fruition. Early results show some promising trends and anecdotes indicate that students are participating in extracurricular experiences that they never would have been exposed to without these opportunities.
{"title":"Recovering Lost Learning Due to COVID 19: Expanding Enrichment Opportunities in an Urban School District","authors":"Andrew J. Koonce","doi":"10.1177/00131245221137574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245221137574","url":null,"abstract":"In the midst of the pandemic, this school district made a significant investment with recovery dollars to expand enrichment opportunities in art, music, and physical education for students in their K-8 schools. The hypothesis was increasing the quality and quantity of these opportunities, the school district would increase student engagement, lead to more empathetic and joyful learning environments, and create more time for teacher preparation and collaboration. There were a number of challenges in planning and implementation that district leaders and principals had to overcome in order to see this initiative come to fruition. Early results show some promising trends and anecdotes indicate that students are participating in extracurricular experiences that they never would have been exposed to without these opportunities.","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44180119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-10DOI: 10.1177/00131245211042392
William McCorkle
This work highlights the experience of eight education students from a public university in the American Southeast in their trip to Stewart Immigration Detention Center. A pre-interview and two pos...
{"title":"“It’s Dehumanizing on Purpose”: Educators’ Experiences at an Immigration Detention Center","authors":"William McCorkle","doi":"10.1177/00131245211042392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245211042392","url":null,"abstract":"This work highlights the experience of eight education students from a public university in the American Southeast in their trip to Stewart Immigration Detention Center. A pre-interview and two pos...","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138518646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This work highlights the experience of eight education students from a public university in the American Southeast in their trip to Stewart Immigration Detention Center. A pre-interview and two post-interviews were conducted to understand students’ perceptions toward the topic, what they learned from their experience, and how the experience affected their views on immigration with a particular concern for the intersection of immigration and education. Some of the themes that emerged were the broader injustices of the profit driven immigration detention industry, the difficulties of structural change, the idea of American (industrialized world) privilege, the ease by which individuals are detained, and the dehumanizing treatment. In regard to education, participants highlighted the need for curriculum to focus on the topic of immigration including the integration of immigrant stories, a global education that counters xenophobic narratives, and the need for a more critical approach overall in the social studies classroom. This research is relevant to the larger intersection of immigration policy and education and the need for educators to become advocates for social change not only in their classroom but in regard to the larger injustices in the society.
{"title":"“It’s Dehumanizing on Purpose”: Educators’ Experiences at an Immigration Detention Center","authors":"W. McCorkle","doi":"10.3102/1890387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3102/1890387","url":null,"abstract":"This work highlights the experience of eight education students from a public university in the American Southeast in their trip to Stewart Immigration Detention Center. A pre-interview and two post-interviews were conducted to understand students’ perceptions toward the topic, what they learned from their experience, and how the experience affected their views on immigration with a particular concern for the intersection of immigration and education. Some of the themes that emerged were the broader injustices of the profit driven immigration detention industry, the difficulties of structural change, the idea of American (industrialized world) privilege, the ease by which individuals are detained, and the dehumanizing treatment. In regard to education, participants highlighted the need for curriculum to focus on the topic of immigration including the integration of immigrant stories, a global education that counters xenophobic narratives, and the need for a more critical approach overall in the social studies classroom. This research is relevant to the larger intersection of immigration policy and education and the need for educators to become advocates for social change not only in their classroom but in regard to the larger injustices in the society.","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":"55 1","pages":"463 - 487"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46911571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.1177/00131245221121798
H. Reynolds, R. Astor
Currently, there is a national level debate on security-based school safety policies and practices, particularly in relation to the presence of police in schools. Decisions about school safety are discussed at the district level by administrators and board of education members who may not be aware of the importance of utilizing local data to ensure these decisions are data driven and beneficial to all the stakeholders they represent in diverse, urban districts. Research on security, policing, and social-emotional and school climate-based strategies are discussed, as is research on district-level decision-makers (boards of education and administrators) and decision making. This paper provides local school stakeholders, policy makers, and school safety researchers with a framework for collaborative work to ensure that evidence-based violence prevention programming and local data drive district-level decision making about school safety.
{"title":"School Policing, Climate, and Safety: The Challenges for Local Policy Makers in Urban Districts","authors":"H. Reynolds, R. Astor","doi":"10.1177/00131245221121798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245221121798","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, there is a national level debate on security-based school safety policies and practices, particularly in relation to the presence of police in schools. Decisions about school safety are discussed at the district level by administrators and board of education members who may not be aware of the importance of utilizing local data to ensure these decisions are data driven and beneficial to all the stakeholders they represent in diverse, urban districts. Research on security, policing, and social-emotional and school climate-based strategies are discussed, as is research on district-level decision-makers (boards of education and administrators) and decision making. This paper provides local school stakeholders, policy makers, and school safety researchers with a framework for collaborative work to ensure that evidence-based violence prevention programming and local data drive district-level decision making about school safety.","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44952226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-07DOI: 10.1177/00131245221110559
P. Callahan, Andrew M. Brantlinger
This study examines the relationship between alternatively certified mathematics teachers’ stated reasons for entry and their odds of retention at the school level and at the district level. Study participants were members of the 2006 and 2007 cohorts of New York City Teaching Fellows who completed three surveys over a 9-year period. Administrative data sets from the New York City Department of Education (NYCDOE) provided employment history of cohort members as well as demographic information about the teachers and sites of employment in New York City (NYC) public schools. Drawing on retention and survey data, we found that, of the four reasons for entry factors, two were predictive of NYCTF mathematics teacher retention (i.e., job benefits and alternative certification) and two were not (i.e., altruism and meaningful job). Given the cost associated with recruiting and training alternatively certified teachers, information to improve the initial selection process and increase the rate of retention makes financial sense for districts that employ alternatively certified teachers.
{"title":"Altruism, Jobs, and Alternative Certification: Mathematics Teachers’ Reasons for Entry and Their Retention","authors":"P. Callahan, Andrew M. Brantlinger","doi":"10.1177/00131245221110559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00131245221110559","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the relationship between alternatively certified mathematics teachers’ stated reasons for entry and their odds of retention at the school level and at the district level. Study participants were members of the 2006 and 2007 cohorts of New York City Teaching Fellows who completed three surveys over a 9-year period. Administrative data sets from the New York City Department of Education (NYCDOE) provided employment history of cohort members as well as demographic information about the teachers and sites of employment in New York City (NYC) public schools. Drawing on retention and survey data, we found that, of the four reasons for entry factors, two were predictive of NYCTF mathematics teacher retention (i.e., job benefits and alternative certification) and two were not (i.e., altruism and meaningful job). Given the cost associated with recruiting and training alternatively certified teachers, information to improve the initial selection process and increase the rate of retention makes financial sense for districts that employ alternatively certified teachers.","PeriodicalId":47248,"journal":{"name":"Education and Urban Society","volume":"55 1","pages":"1089 - 1119"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43591655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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