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Investigating Caregivers’ Advocacy Efforts in Early Intervention Using Auto-Photography and Photo-Elicitation Interviews 利用自动摄影和照片诱导访谈调查护理人员在早期干预中的宣传工作
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/10538151241271105
Kristen M. Schraml-Block, Michaelene M. Ostrosky
Although it is widely known that caregivers advocate for their school-aged children with disabilities, little is understood about how caregivers who have infants and toddlers with delays or disabilities advocate for their young children. The birth-to-three period may be the beginning of some parents’ advocacy efforts and it is possible their efforts may change over time. Given the relevance of this topic and the limited literature, the purpose of this study was to use qualitative inquiry, specifically auto-photography and photo-elicitation interviews, to explore 13 caregivers’ advocacy experiences in their children’s early years. Thematic and constant comparative analyses were used and subsequently 41 major codes within seven categories were identified. The two major findings were (a) caregivers engaged in both individual (i.e., for their children) and outreach advocacy activities (i.e., for other families and children) and (b) their experiences extended beyond interactions with professionals and included everyday interactions with their children, family members and other parents. Directions for future research and implications for practice are discussed.
尽管众所周知,照护者会为学龄残疾儿童进行宣传,但人们对有发育迟缓或残疾婴幼儿的照护者如何为其年幼子女进行宣传却知之甚少。从出生到三岁这段时间可能是一些家长开展宣传工作的起始阶段,随着时间的推移,他们的工作可能会发生变化。考虑到这一主题的相关性和有限的文献资料,本研究的目的是采用定性调查,特别是自动摄影和照片启发式访谈,来探讨 13 位照顾者在其子女幼年时期的维权经历。研究采用了主题分析和恒定比较分析法,随后确定了七个类别中的 41 个主要代码。两个主要发现是:(a) 照顾者参与了个人(即为自己的孩子)和外联宣传活动(即为其他家庭和孩子);(b) 他们的经历超越了与专业人士的互动,还包括与孩子、家庭成员和其他家长的日常互动。讨论了未来研究的方向和对实践的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Authentic Assessment of Executive Functions in Early Childhood: A Scoping Review 幼儿期执行功能的真实评估:范围审查
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1177/10538151241271134
Maria Camila Londono, Carmen Dionne, Carl Lacharité
Executive functions (EFs) are cognitive skills that begin developing in early life and are crucial for children’s overall development and daily task performance. Generally, EFs are assessed through standardized neuropsychological tests, which may not always accurately capture real-world application. To overcome this limitation, alternative methods such as authentic assessment have emerged. A scoping review was conducted to map the information available regarding the authentic assessment of EFs in children under 6 years of age from 2010 to 2021. Out of 790 documents, 32 met the eligibility criteria after full-text revision. Two rating scales emerged as the most used EFs assessment instruments. The documents did not explicitly mention the term “authentic assessment.” Four commonly assessed EFs were identified. Findings highlight the need to develop multidimensional authentic assessment instruments to assess early EFs skills in all children. This includes children at risk or with developmental disabilities, and children from families with incomes below the poverty threshold.
执行功能(EFs)是一种在生命早期就开始发展的认知技能,对儿童的整体发展和日常任务的完成至关重要。一般来说,执行功能是通过标准化的神经心理学测试来评估的,但这些测试并不总能准确反映真实世界的应用情况。为了克服这一局限性,出现了真实评估等替代方法。我们对 2010 年至 2021 年期间有关 6 岁以下儿童 EF 真实评估的信息进行了范围界定。在 790 篇文献中,有 32 篇在全文修订后符合资格标准。两种评分量表成为最常用的幼儿外展能力评估工具。这些文献没有明确提及 "真实评估 "一词。确定了四种常用的外向型评价方法。研究结果突出表明,有必要开发多维度的真实评估工具,以评估所有儿童的早期情绪情感技能。这包括高危儿童或有发育障碍的儿童,以及来自收入低于贫困线的家庭的儿童。
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引用次数: 0
A Pilot Study of the Effectiveness and Feasibility of an Early Intervention Leadership Program for Families of Children With Disabilities 残疾儿童家庭早期干预领导力计划的有效性和可行性试点研究
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2024-08-15 DOI: 10.1177/10538151241271096
Meghan Burke, Chak Li, Kelly Fulton, Waifong Catherine Cheung
While there are opportunities for families to fulfill leadership roles in early intervention, families often report feeling disempowered and unprepared to become leaders. To this end, in this pilot study, we evaluated the effectiveness and feasibility of an 8-hour leadership program for 20 parents of children who are receiving, or recently received, early intervention services. Participants demonstrated significant increases in early intervention knowledge and empowerment after completing the leadership program. The program had high attendance, low attrition, and high fidelity to the curriculum. Participants were overwhelmingly satisfied with the program and suggested a longer program duration. Initial efficacy and participant enthusiasm suggest a need to consider program implementation more broadly with the goal of increasing parent leadership and involvement in early intervention.
虽然家庭有机会在早期干预中发挥领导作用,但家庭往往表示感觉自己没有能力和准备好成为领导者。为此,在这项试点研究中,我们评估了为 20 名正在接受或最近刚刚接受早期干预服务的儿童的家长开设的 8 小时领导力课程的有效性和可行性。参加者在完成领导力课程后,在早期干预知识和能力方面都有明显提高。该课程的出勤率高、减员率低、课程的忠实度高。绝大多数参与者对该计划表示满意,并建议延长该计划的持续时间。最初的成效和参与者的热情表明,有必要更广泛地考虑计划的实施,以提高家长在早期干预中的领导力和参与度。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluating a Rapid Coaching Intervention Delivered Remotely to Families 评估远程向家庭提供的快速辅导干预措施
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.1177/10538151241264488
Justin D. Lane, Gabrielle Lonnemann, Kailee Matthews, Rachel Fosnaught, Katherine Lynch
Families are central to promoting communication in young children with disabilities with complex communication needs. Providing coaching on naturalistic language interventions (NLI) gives parents tools for independently intervening on communication across activities in the home. Both parents and professionals have limited resources, which requires maximizing parent and professional interactions when meeting. A rapid coaching intervention delivered via distance technology is one approach for addressing this issue. In this study, a multiple baseline across behaviors design replicated across participants was used to evaluate a rapid coaching intervention with parents. When the intervention was introduced, parents displayed improvements in naturalistic strategies and procedures. Child-level expressive communication was measured within the context of the designs, and data were variable. Improvements in the complexity of speech and responding to parents were observed. Implications are provided for future studies.
家庭是促进有复杂沟通需求的残疾幼儿沟通的核心。为家长提供自然语言干预(NLI)方面的指导,可帮助他们独立干预家庭活动中的沟通问题。家长和专业人员的资源都很有限,这就要求家长和专业人员在会面时最大限度地进行互动。通过远程技术进行快速辅导干预是解决这一问题的方法之一。在这项研究中,我们采用了一种在不同参与者之间复制的多行为基线设计,来评估对家长的快速辅导干预。干预开始后,家长们在自然策略和程序方面都有所改进。在设计的背景下对儿童水平的表达性交流进行了测量,数据是可变的。观察到儿童在说话的复杂性和对父母的回应方面有所改善。这为今后的研究提供了启示。
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引用次数: 0
Tele-Intervention During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Lessons Learned From Early Intervention Practitioners COVID-19 大流行期间的远程干预:早期干预实践者的经验教训
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.1177/10538151241238007
Dana C. Childress, Megan Schumaker-Murphy
During the COVID-19 global pandemic, early intervention (EI) practitioners experienced an unexpected shift to providing tele-intervention services to support children and families using virtual platforms. Because this shift occurred across the field, it is important to understand the perspectives of those who experienced it under exceptional circumstances. This study examined the perspectives of 353 practitioners across the United States who supported families of infants and toddlers enrolled in EI programs under Part C of IDEA (2004) while providing tele-intervention during the pandemic. A qualitative thematic analysis of survey responses revealed five themes: (a) shifting to tele-intervention was challenging; (b) the shift to tele-intervention was perceived as having a mostly positive impact on service quality; (c) practitioners gained new skills, often related to parent coaching; (d) parent engagement increased during tele-intervention; and (e) practitioners support the continued use of tele-intervention as an EI service delivery option.
在 COVID-19 全球大流行期间,早期干预(EI)从业人员经历了一次意想不到的转变,即利用虚拟平台提供远程干预服务,为儿童和家庭提供支持。由于这一转变发生在整个领域,因此了解在特殊情况下经历这一转变的人员的观点非常重要。本研究考察了全美 353 名从业人员的观点,他们在大流行期间提供远程干预的同时,还为根据《美国婴幼儿教育法》(IDEA)(2004 年)C 部分注册的幼儿教育项目中的婴幼儿家庭提供支持。对调查回复的定性专题分析揭示了五个主题:(a)转向远程干预具有挑战性;(b)转向远程干预被认为对服务质量产生了积极影响;(c)从业人员获得了新技能,通常与家长辅导有关;(d)远程干预期间家长参与度提高;以及(e)从业人员支持继续使用远程干预作为提供幼儿教育服务的一种选择。
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引用次数: 0
ASD-Modified Interaction Therapy: Effects on Fathers’ and Mothers’ Responsiveness, Affect, and Attachment 自闭症修正互动疗法:对父亲和母亲的反应能力、情感和依恋的影响
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2024-03-09 DOI: 10.1177/10538151241235560
Nitza Weinstein, Adi Zloof Golombick
This study evaluated the effects of short-term manualized autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-modified “interaction therapy” (IT) for 42 parents, comprising both fathers and mothers of 21 preschoolers with ASD, while comparing father and mother outcomes. Intervention features included parents’ focus on self-reflection and “here-and-now” investigation of live parent–child interaction, both parents’ equal participation, spousal observation, and nonhierarchical parent-therapist collaboration. Pretest and posttest data included analysis of videotaped father–child and mother–child interactions to assess parental responsiveness and affect, and questionnaires on parents’ perceived attachment to child. Results following ASD-modified IT showed both parents’ increases in responsiveness and affect during parent–child interaction, with a larger increase in mothers’ affect. No change emerged in father’s perceived attachment, but mothers increased their perceived attachment quality and pleasure from interaction. Findings extended prior research, which had mostly examined mothers’ improvements following caregiver-mediated intervention, by pinpointing the ASD-modified IT’s efficacy for promoting not only mothers’ but also fathers’ responsive and affective interaction abilities.
本研究评估了针对 42 名父母(包括 21 名患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)学龄前儿童的父亲和母亲)的短期手册化自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)改良 "互动疗法"(IT)的效果,同时比较了父亲和母亲的治疗结果。干预措施的特点包括父母注重自我反思和 "此时此地 "的亲子互动调查、父母双方平等参与、配偶观察以及父母与治疗师之间的非等级合作。测试前和测试后的数据包括对父子和母子互动录像的分析,以评估父母的反应能力和情感,以及父母对子女的依恋感调查问卷。经过 ASD 修正的 IT 测试结果显示,在亲子互动过程中,父母的反应能力和情感都有所提高,其中母亲的情感提高幅度更大。父亲感知到的依恋没有变化,但母亲感知到的依恋质量和互动愉悦度有所提高。以往的研究大多是研究母亲在接受以照顾者为媒介的干预后的改善情况,而这次的研究结果则扩展了这一研究,指出经 ASD 修正的信息技术不仅能提高母亲的反应能力,还能提高父亲的反应能力和情感互动能力。
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引用次数: 0
Toward Developing and Validating a Measure to Appraise Progress Monitoring Ability 开发和验证评估进度监测能力的方法
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1177/10538151241235557
Collin Shepley, Amanda Leigh Duncan, Anthony P. Setari
The provision of progress monitoring within publicly funded early childhood classrooms is legally required, supported by empirical research, and recommended by early childhood professional organizations, for teachers providing Part B services under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Despite the widespread recognition of progress monitoring as an essential tool to support child development in early childhood classrooms, clear guidance on what constitutes high-quality progress monitoring is unclear. Therefore, we sought to develop and validate a new teacher quality measure specific to progress monitoring. Such a measure may assist school districts and early childhood programs in understanding the ability of their teachers for engaging in progress monitoring and supporting children with or at risk for disability or delay. Rasch analyses suggest that additional items of greater difficulty are needed within the measure, prior to public release (osf.io/28bz6/).
根据《残障人士教育法案》(Individual with Disabilities Education Act),在政府资助的幼儿课堂中提供进度监测是法律要求,得到了实证研究的支持,并得到了幼儿专业组织的推荐。尽管人们普遍认为进度监测是支持幼儿课堂中儿童发展的重要工具,但关于什么是高质量的进度监测的明确指导却并不清晰。因此,我们试图开发并验证一种专门针对进度监测的新的教师质量测量方法。这种测量方法可以帮助学区和幼儿教育项目了解其教师参与进度监测的能力,以及为残疾儿童或有发育迟缓风险的儿童提供支持的能力。Rasch 分析表明,在公开发布之前,该测评方法还需要增加难度更大的项目 (osf.io/28bz6/)。
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引用次数: 0
Preschool Teachers’ Perceptions and Use of Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Intervention Strategies: An Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Investigation 学前教师对自然发展行为干预策略的认识和使用:解释性顺序混合方法调查
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1177/10538151241235613
Sophia R. D’Agostino, Kyle M. Frost
Preschool classrooms serve children of varying abilities, including those who may benefit from social communication intervention. Research supports the use of naturalistic developmental behavioral interventions (NDBI) to effectively increase the social communication skills of young children. Yet, little is known about preschool teachers’ perspectives on and use of NDBI strategies. The purpose of this explanatory sequential mixed methods study was to integrate data from classroom observation, teacher self-report, and qualitative interviews to understand training and support needs for increasing implementation of NDBIs in a preschool classroom context. Eight preschool teachers provided a recording of an intervention session, self-reported their use of NDBI strategies, and participated in an interview to discuss their experiences. Results indicate preschool teacher participants perceive NDBI strategies favorably although they may need targeted support understanding and using NDBI strategies. We discuss implications for practice that may support increased use of NDBIs by preschool teachers.
学前班为不同能力的儿童提供服务,其中包括可能从社交沟通干预中受益的儿童。研究支持使用自然发展行为干预(NDBI)来有效提高幼儿的社交沟通技能。然而,学前教师对 NDBI 策略的看法和使用情况却知之甚少。这项解释性顺序混合方法研究的目的是整合课堂观察、教师自我报告和定性访谈的数据,以了解在学前班环境中加强实施 NDBI 的培训和支持需求。八名学前教师提供了干预课程的录音,自我报告了他们使用 NDBI 策略的情况,并参加了访谈以讨论他们的经验。结果表明,学前教师参与者对 NDBI 策略的看法是积极的,尽管他们在理解和使用 NDBI 策略时可能需要有针对性的支持。我们讨论了可支持学前教师更多地使用 NDBI 的实践意义。
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引用次数: 0
Feasible Adaptation of ESDM for Statewide Implementation: A Look at Potential Effects, Implementation Conditions, and Cost 在全州范围内实施 ESDM 的可行性调整:对潜在影响、实施条件和成本的审视
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.1177/10538151231218958
Deborah L. Rooks-Ellis, Gretchen Scheibel, Craig A. Mason, S. Tu
This article describes the development and use of a first of its kind statewide implementation of an adapted Early Start Denver Model (ESDM). Supported by a collaborative partnership between stakeholders that included families, state agencies, and a state university, the intervention was implemented within the existing framework of a northeastern state’s relationship-based Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) Part C early intervention program. Participants were 194 families. The study examined the effectiveness and implementation costs of an adaptation of the ESDM using a coaching model to inform statewide implementation to improve outcomes for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in rural and low-resource states. Results indicated 194 children who received a monthly average of 10.90 hr of adapted ESDM for an average of 12 months demonstrated an improvement in the frequency of ASD symptomology for a total cost of US$2,511/child. Intervention intensity and child factors demonstrated varying influence on outcomes. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating the potential for positive impact of an evidence-based practice scaled to a statewide model of early intervention for young children with ASD.
本文介绍了在全州范围内首次开发和使用经改编的 "丹佛早期启蒙模式"(ESDM)的情况。在包括家庭、州政府机构和一所州立大学在内的利益相关者的合作支持下,该干预措施在东北部一个州基于关系的《残障人士教育法》(IDEA)C 部分早期干预计划的现有框架内实施。参与者为 194 个家庭。该研究考察了采用辅导模式对 ESDM 进行改编的有效性和实施成本,为全州范围内改善农村和资源匮乏州自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)幼儿的治疗效果提供了参考。结果表明,194 名儿童平均每月接受 10.90 小时的改编 ESDM,平均持续 12 个月,自闭症谱系障碍症状发生频率有所改善,每名儿童的总成本为 2,511 美元。干预强度和儿童因素对结果的影响各不相同。这项研究证明了循证实践在全州范围内对患有 ASD 的幼儿进行早期干预的潜在积极影响,为相关文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Interdisciplinary Competencies for Implementing NDBIs With Young Children With Autism and Other Social Communication Challenges 为患有自闭症和其他社交沟通障碍的幼儿实施 NDBI 的跨学科能力
IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL Pub Date : 2023-12-26 DOI: 10.1177/10538151231218928
Brooke Ingersoll, Sarah N. Douglas, Matthew T. Brodhead, Angela Barber, Louise A. Kaczmarek
Over the past decade, a newer class of interventions has emerged specifically designed for young children with or at high likelihood of autism, which are called Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBIs). NDBIs are particularly well-suited as a discipline agnostic, primary intervention for young children with autism and other social communication challenges; however, community providers from multiple disciplinary backgrounds who serve these children typically do not develop competencies in areas crucial for effectively implementing NDBI. The goal of this commentary is to: (a) describe the interdisciplinary competencies needed to deliver NDBIs effectively and (b) provide recommendations for moving the field of early intervention for autism and social communication delays forward. Resources for building these competencies for providers at the pre- and in-service level are also provided.
在过去十年中,出现了一类专门针对患有自闭症或极有可能患有自闭症的幼儿的新型干预措施,即自然发展行为干预(NDBIs)。NDBI 特别适合作为一种与学科无关的、针对患有自闭症和其他社会交流障碍的幼儿的主要干预措施;然而,为这些儿童提供服务的具有多种学科背景的社区服务提供者通常没有在有效实施 NDBI 的关键领域发展能力。本评论旨在:(a) 描述有效实施 NDBI 所需的跨学科能力;(b) 为推动自闭症和社交沟通障碍早期干预领域的发展提供建议。此外,还提供了在岗前和在岗水平上培养服务提供者这些能力的资源。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Early Intervention
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