Health Promotion Journal of Australia最新文献_第6页

Socioeconomic status and adherence to COVID-19 preventative measures in Australia: A national cohort study 澳大利亚的社会经济地位与 COVID-19 预防措施的遵守情况：全国队列研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.932

Muhamad S. Aljeaidi, Miriam L. Haaksma, Edwin C. K. Tan

Issue Addressed

The uptake of recommended preventative measures is a critical concern for protecting the public against COVID-19 outbreaks and future pandemics. However, it is unclear to what extent COVID-19 preventative measures were followed in Australia. This study aims to determine adherence level to COVID-19 preventative measures in 2021, and whether these were associated with socioeconomic status (SES).

Study Design

This was a national cross-sectional study using data from the Household Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey.

Methods

This study included 15 457 community-dwelling adults (18 years or older) who participated in the 2021 wave of HILDA survey. SES was assessed by the Socio-Economic Index For Areas (SEIFA) score, split into quintiles. Outcomes included self-reported adherence to COVID-19 preventative measures (mask wearing, keeping distance, staying home; sum score range 3–15) and COVID-19 status (yes/no). Linear and logistic regression were used accordingly to assess the association between SES and the sum score of adherence to COVID-19 measures, and COVID-19 vaccination status.

Results

Adherence to COVID-19 preventative measures and uptake of COVID-19 vaccine in Australia in 2021 were moderate (between 60% and 70%). Regression models showed higher SES was associated with a slightly higher score of adherence (β = .08, 95% CI = .04–.12) and a higher likelihood of self-reporting receiving COVID-19 vaccination (OR 1.27, 95% CI = 1.23–1.31).

Conclusion

SES was positively associated with the level of adherence to COVID-19 preventative measures and the probability of receiving COVID-19 vaccine. The findings of this study highlight the potential benefits of considering SES, particularly its impact on equity and access, when designing an educational program or awareness campaign in times of crisis.

So What?

The findings of this study highlight the importance of considering SES when designing an educational program or an awareness campaign in times of crisis.

解决的问题：采取建议的预防措施是保护公众免受 COVID-19 爆发和未来流行病影响的关键问题。然而，目前尚不清楚澳大利亚在多大程度上遵循了 COVID-19 预防措施。本研究旨在确定 2021 年 COVID-19 预防措施的遵守程度，以及这些措施是否与社会经济地位（SES）相关：研究设计：这是一项全国性横断面研究，使用的数据来自澳大利亚家庭收入和劳动力动态调查（HILDA）：这项研究包括 15 457 名社区居住的成年人（18 岁或以上），他们参加了 2021 年的 HILDA 调查。SES通过地区社会经济指数（SEIFA）得分进行评估，分为五等分。结果包括COVID-19预防措施（戴口罩、保持距离、呆在家中；总分范围为3-15分）的自我报告遵守情况和COVID-19状态（是/否）。我们采用线性回归和逻辑回归来评估社会经济地位与COVID-19措施坚持率总分和COVID-19疫苗接种情况之间的关系：结果：2021年澳大利亚对COVID-19预防措施的坚持率和COVID-19疫苗的接种率均处于中等水平（介于60%和70%之间）。回归模型显示，较高的社会经济地位与较高的依从性得分（β = .08，95% CI = .04-.12）和较高的自我报告接种 COVID-19 疫苗的可能性（OR 1.27，95% CI = 1.23-1.31）相关：结论：社会经济地位与坚持 COVID-19 预防措施的程度以及接种 COVID-19 疫苗的可能性呈正相关。本研究结果强调了在危机时期设计教育计划或宣传活动时考虑社会经济地位的潜在益处，特别是其对公平性和可及性的影响。所以呢？本研究结果强调了在危机时期设计教育计划或宣传活动时考虑社会经济地位的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Public health policy for temporary seasonal workers with chronic hepatitis B in high-income countries: A comparative analysis 高收入国家针对患有慢性乙型肝炎的季节性临时工的公共卫生政策：比较分析。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-11-06 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.928

Haylee Fox, William Mude, Geraldine Vaughan, Robyn Preston, Catherine O'Mullan, Zhihong Gu

Issue Addressed

This study examines Australia's Hepatitis B public health policies with a focus on the Pacific Australia Labour Mobility scheme seasonal workers as a priority population. The aim is to evaluate if Australia's Hepatitis B public health policies adequately address health disparities and equitable access to health care for seasonal workers as a priority population. We draw comparisons with the public health policies of New Zealand and Canada, to understand how these nations approach similar health concerns among their temporary seasonal workers.

Methods

A health policy analysis was conducted on the public health Hepatitis B policies in Australia and then compared with those in Canada and New Zealand. Due to the nature of the study question, the review had a major focus on grey literature. The search was undertaken in two stages, including (1) Google search engine and (2) targeted websites. Basic document data was produced in descriptive summaries. Any data either explicitly or inexplicitly relating to the elimination of hepatitis B or equity towards the inclusion of seasonal workers was produced as analytical summaries through multiple revisions.

Results

Nineteen documents were identified, predominantly from Australia. Although Hepatitis B public health policies emphasised testing and awareness in priority populations, specifically mentioning seasonal workers as a priority population was absent in all three countries.

Conclusions

The study underscores the exclusion of temporary seasonal workers in public health policies and strategies as a human rights issue, conflicting with principles of equity and equitable access to health care. Despite acknowledging challenges for temporary visa holders, policies lack specific provisions for seasonal workers. Addressing this gap is crucial for health equity and inclusive health systems.

So What?

Our findings highlight the need to prioritise equity for temporary seasonal workers to achieve hepatitis B elimination goals by 2030. Exclusion from public health policies is a human rights concern, impacting access to quality health care. This study advocates for inclusive policies explicitly recognising temporary seasonal workers as a priority population, aligning with international human rights commitments to health care for all.

所涉及的问题：本研究探讨了澳大利亚的乙型肝炎公共卫生政策，重点关注作为优先人群的澳大利亚太平洋劳工流动计划季节性工人。目的是评估澳大利亚的乙型肝炎公共卫生政策是否充分解决了季节性工人这一重点人群的健康差异和公平获得医疗保健的问题。我们将其与新西兰和加拿大的公共卫生政策进行比较，以了解这些国家是如何处理季节性临时工的类似健康问题的：方法：我们对澳大利亚的乙肝公共卫生政策进行了分析，然后与加拿大和新西兰的政策进行了比较。由于研究问题的性质，综述主要侧重于灰色文献。搜索分两个阶段进行，包括 (1) 谷歌搜索引擎和 (2) 目标网站。基本文献数据以描述性摘要的形式生成。任何明确或不明确涉及消除乙型肝炎或公平纳入季节性工人的数据，都经过多次修订后以分析性摘要的形式呈现：结果：共发现 19 份文件，主要来自澳大利亚。尽管乙型肝炎公共卫生政策强调对重点人群进行检测并提高他们的认识，但在所有三个国家中都没有特别提到季节性工人是重点人群：这项研究强调，公共卫生政策和战略将季节性临时工排除在外是一个人权问题，与公平和平等获得医疗保健服务的原则相冲突。尽管承认临时签证持有者面临的挑战，但政策缺乏针对季节性工人的具体规定。消除这一差距对于实现医疗公平和包容性医疗体系至关重要。所以呢？我们的研究结果强调，要实现到 2030 年消除乙型肝炎的目标，就必须优先考虑季节性临时工的公平问题。被排斥在公共卫生政策之外是一个人权问题，会影响人们获得高质量的医疗保健服务。本研究倡导制定包容性政策，明确承认季节性临时工是优先人群，与人人享有医疗保健的国际人权承诺保持一致。

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引用次数: 0

Intermediate and secondary school food environment in New Zealand: Food and drink menu assessment 新西兰中小学食品环境：餐饮菜单评估。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.929

Shannon Green, Ajmol Ali, Carol Wham

Issue Addressed

Nutrition-related obesity is rising among adolescents in New Zealand with an estimated one in eight children being obese. The school environment is an ideal community setting for encouraging a healthy lifestyle as schools contain a diverse population and involve students and parents. However, the healthiness of food available to intermediate and secondary school students (Years 7–13) is unknown. This study assessed how food and drink menus from schools align with policy guidelines for healthy school food environments.

Methods

A convenience sample of NZ schools' (years 7–13; ages 10–19) menus was collected in 2020. Menus were classified using traffic light criteria. A toolkit was developed by three nutritionists and one dietitian (with trained staff support) to aid with menu classification. Menu quality was evaluated against school characteristics and policy use.

Results

Of the school menus assessed (n = 60), 3.3% met the recommendation for the provision of 75% ‘green’ items. ‘Red’ items were the main contributors (mean = 53.6%). Schools with high socio-economic status (deciles 8–10; 14.3%; p < 0.05) and small school size (<749 students; 14.1%; p < 0.025) were associated with a higher proportion of ‘green’ items. Community (19.3%) and in-house (25.9%) food providers provided a lower percentage of ‘amber’ items than school providers (39.3%; p < 0.001). In-house providers (64.6%) had a greater percentage of ‘red’ items than school providers (48.2%; p = 0.017).

Conclusion

Food available in schools (Years 7–13) tends to be unhealthy. A national nutrition policy could improve the school food environment, especially in schools with large populations and low socio-economic status.

So What?

School demographics have been associated with menu quality but further research within these schools is needed to identify the gaps to improve equitable outcomes within school food environments.

解决问题：新西兰青少年中与营养有关的肥胖率正在上升，估计每八名儿童中就有一名肥胖。学校环境是鼓励健康生活方式的理想社区环境，因为学校里有不同的人群，学生和家长都参与其中。然而，中学生（7-13 年级）的食品健康状况却不为人知。本研究评估了学校的餐饮菜单与健康校园食品环境政策指南的一致性：方法：2020 年收集了新西兰学校（7-13 年级；10-19 岁）的菜单样本。采用交通灯标准对菜单进行分类。三名营养学家和一名营养师（在经过培训的工作人员的支持下）开发了一个工具包，以帮助菜单分类。根据学校特点和政策使用情况对菜单质量进行评估：结果：在接受评估的学校菜单（n = 60）中，3.3%的菜单符合75%"绿色 "菜品的建议。红色 "食品是主要原因（平均 = 53.6%）。社会经济地位较高的学校（第 8-10 个十分位数；14.3%；P学校（7-13 年级）提供的食物往往不健康。国家营养政策可以改善学校食品环境，尤其是在人口众多、社会经济地位较低的学校。所以呢？学校人口统计与菜单质量有关，但需要在这些学校开展进一步研究，找出差距，以改善学校食品环境的公平结果。

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引用次数: 0

Retrospective analysis of regional and metropolitan school food environments using Google Street View: A case study in New South Wales, Australia with youth consultation 利用谷歌街景对地区和大都市学校食品环境进行回顾性分析：澳大利亚新南威尔士州的案例研究与青少年咨询。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.930

Kitty Tse, Michelle X. Zeng, Alice A. Gibson, Stephanie R. Partridge, Rebecca Raeside, Radhika Valanju, Emily McMahon, Bowen Ren, Fulin Yan, Margaret Allman-Farinelli, Si Si Jia

Issue Addressed

Food environments surrounding schools have a strong influence on the adolescent's food choices. Moreover, the prevalence of diet-related chronic diseases is higher in regional than metropolitan areas in Australia. Understanding school food environments in these different settings is crucial for informing future strategies to improve adolescent health.

Methods

Google Street View was used to identify food outlets within 1.6 km around all secondary schools in Wagga Wagga and Blacktown in New South Wales which were selected as regional and metropolitan case study areas. Based on food outlet type, healthfulness categories were assigned, and Chi-squared tests were performed. The Health Advisory Panel for Youth at the University of Sydney (HAPYUS) were engaged to obtain their perspectives on findings.

Results

Unhealthful food outlets were consistently most prevalent around schools in Wagga Wagga and Blacktown over 17 years. In 2023, these were predominantly restaurants (19.4% vs. 21.1%), cafés (16.8% vs. 11.1%), fast-food franchise outlets (15.1% vs. 17.4%) and independent takeaway stores (14.1% vs. 9.6%). No significant difference in healthfulness between regional and metropolitan areas was found. Youth advisors recognised price and social reasons as major contributors to food choices.

Conclusions

Google Street View was used as a novel resource to examine school food environments in regional and metropolitan areas which have remained consistently unhealthful for nearly two decades.

So What?

Unhealthful school food environments may encourage poor diets and exacerbate rates of adolescent overweight and obesity. Critical government action is needed to improve school food environments.

解决的问题：学校周围的饮食环境对青少年的饮食选择有很大影响。此外，在澳大利亚，与饮食相关的慢性疾病在地区的发病率要高于大都市地区。了解这些不同环境下的学校食品环境对未来改善青少年健康的策略至关重要：方法：我们使用谷歌街景图识别了新南威尔士州瓦加瓦加（Wagga Wagga）和布莱克敦（Blacktown）所有中学周围 1.6 公里范围内的食品店，这两个地区分别被选为地区和大都市案例研究区。根据食品店的类型，对其健康程度进行分类，并进行卡方检验。悉尼大学青年健康顾问小组（HAPYUS）也参与其中，以了解他们对研究结果的看法：结果：在过去的 17 年中，不健康食品店在瓦加瓦加和布莱克镇的学校周围一直最为普遍。2023 年，这些食品店主要是餐馆（19.4% 对 21.1%）、咖啡馆（16.8% 对 11.1%）、快餐专营店（15.1% 对 17.4%）和独立外卖店（14.1% 对 9.6%）。在健康方面，地区和大都市之间没有发现明显差异。青年顾问认为，价格和社会原因是影响食物选择的主要因素：谷歌街景作为一种新颖的资源，被用来研究地区和大都市地区的学校食品环境，近二十年来，这些地区的学校食品环境始终不健康。所以呢：不健康的学校食品环境可能会助长不良饮食习惯，并加剧青少年超重和肥胖的发生率。政府需要采取关键行动来改善学校食品环境。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the ‘A walk can work wonders’ mass media campaign in South Australia 对南澳大利亚州 "散步能创造奇迹 "大众传媒活动的评估。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.923

Adrian Bauman, Natasha Schranz, William Bellew, Gabrielle Fisher, Benjamin Krumeich, Alyson J. Crozier

<div> <section> <h3> Issue Addressed</h3> <p>Few population-wide efforts have targeted physical activity in Australia. Mass media campaigns are used to promote physical activity and walking, and World Health Organisation recommends their linkage to broader cross-government initiatives. This project evaluates a South Australian (SA) walking mass media campaign linked to the overall SA Walking Strategy.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>Between January and June 2022, Wellbeing SA (a SA government agency) conducted two waves of a mass media campaign, ‘A walk can work wonders’, to promote walking. The campaign was part of the SA Walking Strategy, targeting the goal to change the ‘community culture towards recognising walking’ as convenient, affordable and health-promoting. Evaluation was formative (pre-campaign), process (campaign implementation and delivery) and impact. Formative evaluation comprised concept and tagline testing with adult SAs to develop the campaign messages and theme. Process evaluation was comprised of media monitoring of social media, mainstream media and other media monitoring metrics. The process evaluation was dominated by social media marketing in Wave 1, with substantially more paid TV media and radio in Wave 2. The impact evaluation comprised two independent sample surveys of adult SAs (<i>n</i> = 800 each) following each wave of the campaign. Measures included generic and prompted campaign recall and attitudes to physical activity. An independent South Australian Population Health Survey (SAPHS) tracked walking and physical activity behaviours from 2021 to the end of 2022.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Process evaluation showed intensive social media usage in Wave 1, and through increased paid television and radio in Wave 2. Generic recall of any walking message (23.9%) and prompted recall of the specific campaign message (27.8%) reached most socio-demographic groups, especially those with chronic health problems. Increases in intention to increase activity and increased self-reported activity were seen between the campaign Wave 1 and Wave 2 notable as the Wave 2 increase followed substantial television advertising. The SAPHS data showed increased population walking following the campaign waves, compared to the same period in 2021.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>Detailed and structured evaluation of a comprehensive mass media campaign showed good reach, and population changes in intentions and walking behaviour amongst SAs.</p> </section>

解决的问题：在澳大利亚，针对全民体育活动的努力很少。世界卫生组织建议将大众媒体运动与更广泛的跨政府倡议联系起来，以促进体育锻炼和步行。本项目评估了与南澳大利亚州总体步行战略相关联的南澳大利亚州（SA）步行大众媒体活动：2022 年 1 月至 6 月期间，南澳大利亚州（Wellbeing SA，南澳大利亚州政府机构）开展了两轮名为 "步行能创造奇迹 "的大众媒体活动，以推广步行。该活动是南澳大利亚步行战略的一部分，目标是改变 "社区文化，让人们认识到步行 "是一种方便、实惠和促进健康的方式。评估包括形成性评估（活动前）、过程评估（活动实施和交付）和影响评估。形成性评估包括与成人 SA 一起进行概念和标语测试，以制定活动信息和主题。过程评估包括对社交媒体、主流媒体和其他媒体监测指标的媒体监测。第一波的过程评估以社交媒体营销为主，第二波的付费电视媒体和广播媒体大幅增加。影响评估包括在每波活动后对成年 SA 进行的两次独立抽样调查（每次 n = 800）。调查内容包括运动的一般回忆和提示回忆，以及对体育锻炼的态度。一项独立的南澳大利亚人口健康调查（SAPHS）追踪了从 2021 年到 2022 年底的步行和体育锻炼行为：过程评估显示，在第一波活动中，社交媒体得到了广泛使用，而在第二波活动中，付费电视和广播的使用量有所增加。大多数社会人口群体，尤其是有慢性健康问题的群体，对任何步行信息的一般回忆率（23.9%）和对特定运动信息的提示回忆率（27.8%）都达到了要求。在活动第一波和第二波之间，增加活动量的意向和自我报告的活动量都有增加，这一点很明显，因为第二波的活动量是在大量电视广告之后增加的。SAPHS 的数据显示，与 2021 年同期相比，在运动浪潮之后，步行人口有所增加：对一项综合性大众媒体活动进行的详细而有序的评估表明，该活动的覆盖范围很广，并且改变了南澳大利亚人的意向和步行行为。所以呢？需要开展连续、持续的宣传活动，以监测持续效果。

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引用次数: 0

Relationships between social determinants of health and healthy body composition among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in the Next Generation: Youth Well-being study 下一代 "中土著居民和托雷斯海峡岛民青少年的健康社会决定因素与健康身体组成之间的关系：青年福祉研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.927

Christopher D. McKay, Lina Gubhaju, Alison J. Gibberd, Bridgette J. McNamara, Rona Macniven, Grace Joshy, Aryati Yashadhana, Ted Fields, Robyn Williams, Robert Roseby, Peter Azzopardi, Emily Banks, Sandra J. Eades

Issue Addressed

Little is currently known about the relationships between body composition and the social determinants of health among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth in Australia, which could help inform policy responses to address health inequities.

Methods

This study aimed to explore the relationship between various social factors and healthy body mass index (BMI) and waist/height ratio (WHtR) among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth aged 16–24 years. Baseline survey data from 531 participants of the ‘Next Generation: Youth Well-being study’ were used. Robust Poisson regression quantified associations between healthy body composition and self-reported individual social factors (education, employment and income, government income support, food insecurity, home environment, relationship status, racism), family factors (caregiver education and employment) and area-level factors (remoteness, socioeconomic status).

Results

Healthy body composition was less common among those living in a crowded home (healthy WHtR aPR 0.67 [0.47–0.96]) and those receiving government income support (healthy BMI aPR 0.74 [0.57–0.95]). It was more common among those with tertiary educated caregivers (healthy BMI aPR 1.84 [1.30–2.61]; healthy WHtR aPR 1.41 [1.05–1.91]) and those in a serious relationship (healthy BMI aPR 1.33 [1.02–1.75]).

Conclusions

Social factors at the individual and family level are associated with healthy body composition among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander youth.

So What?

The findings of this study highlight the potential for health benefits for youth from policies and programs that address social inequities experienced by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people in Australia.

解决的问题：目前，人们对澳大利亚土著居民和托雷斯海峡岛民青年的身体组成与健康的社会决定因素之间的关系知之甚少，而这有助于为解决健康不平等问题的政策应对措施提供信息：本研究旨在探讨 16-24 岁原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民青少年中各种社会因素与健康体重指数（BMI）和腰围/身高比（WHtR）之间的关系。基线调查数据来自 "下一代：使用的是 "下一代：青年福祉研究 "531 名参与者的基线调查数据。稳健的泊松回归量化了健康身体成分与自我报告的个人社会因素（教育、就业和收入、政府收入支持、食品不安全、家庭环境、关系状况、种族主义）、家庭因素（照顾者的教育和就业）和地区因素（偏远地区、社会经济状况）之间的关联：在居住拥挤的家庭（健康 WHtR aPR 0.67 [0.47-0.96]）和接受政府收入补助的家庭（健康 BMI aPR 0.74 [0.57-0.95]）中，健康身体组成的比例较低。在有受过高等教育的照顾者（健康 BMI aPR 1.84 [1.30-2.61]；健康 WHtR aPR 1.41 [1.05-1.91]）和有严肃关系的人群（健康 BMI aPR 1.33 [1.02-1.75]）中，这种情况更为常见：结论：个人和家庭层面的社会因素与原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民青少年健康的身体组成有关。结论：个人和家庭层面的社会因素与土著居民和托雷斯海峡岛民青少年的健康身体组成有关。

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引用次数: 0

Critical elements of successful partnership in public health—A case study 公共卫生领域成功伙伴关系的关键要素--案例研究。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-09-29 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.912

Tuong-Vi Phan, Katherine Pontifex, Katina D'Onise, Tracy Merlin, Annapurna Nori

Issue Addressed

Intersectoral action is integral in promoting population health and health equity. In South Australia, public health partnership authorities (PHPAs) are one mechanism to promote intersectoral collaboration for addressing complex public health issues. This case study examined contemporary evidence on the critical elements of successful partnerships, explored the role of formalisation in success, and examined how identified critical elements were operationalised over time in an existing PHPA.

Methods

In the first phase, a scoping review was conducted. The second phase was a retrospective longitudinal case study of a government-academic PHPA agreement, involving partnership document review and key informant interviews. Data triangulation and iterative thematic analysis were performed.

Results

The critical elements of successful partnership, triangulated through multiple data sources, are mutuality, governance, communication, resources, leadership, and interactions and relationships. These elements have a high degree of interdependence. Trust supports and is reinforced by these elements, particularly during times of change or crisis. Formalisation of a partnership supports success in many ways but is insufficient on its own.

Conclusion

Operating in dynamic environments, a partnership requires dedicated time and effort to be successful. Attention to the strength and interconnectedness of the critical elements over the course of a partnership is crucial.

So What?

This case study describes how the elements of successful partnership can be applied to progress beyond transactional relationships towards authentic collaboration and overcome cross-border and cross-boundary public health challenges to promote population health and well-being.

解决的问题：跨部门行动是促进人口健康和健康公平不可或缺的一部分。在南澳大利亚州，公共卫生合作机构（PHPA）是促进跨部门合作以解决复杂的公共卫生问题的一种机制。本案例研究审查了有关成功合作关系关键要素的当代证据，探讨了正规化在成功中的作用，并研究了已确定的关键要素如何在现有的公共卫生合作机构中逐步实施：方法：在第一阶段，进行了范围审查。第二阶段是对一项政府-学术 PHPA 协议进行回顾性纵向案例研究，包括合作文件审查和关键信息提供者访谈。对数据进行了三角测量和迭代主题分析：通过对多个数据源进行三角分析，成功伙伴关系的关键要素包括相互性、治理、沟通、资源、领导力以及互动和关系。这些要素具有高度的相互依赖性。信任支持并加强了这些要素，尤其是在变革或危机时期。伙伴关系的正式化在许多方面有助于取得成功，但仅靠正式化是不够的：结论：在动态环境中运作的伙伴关系需要投入大量时间和精力才能取得成功。在合作过程中，关注关键要素的力量和相互联系至关重要。所以呢？本案例研究描述了如何运用成功伙伴关系的要素，超越交易关系，实现真正的合作，克服跨境和跨界公共卫生挑战，促进人口健康和福祉。

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引用次数: 0

Factors influencing community engagement approaches used in Aedes aegypti management in Cairns, Australia 影响澳大利亚凯恩斯埃及伊蚊管理中采用的社区参与方法的因素。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.924

Tammy Allen, Alan Crouch, Tanya L. Russell, Stephanie M. Topp

<div> <section> <h3> Issue Addressed</h3> <p>An important part of preventing and managing <i>Aedes</i>-borne mosquito disease outbreak risk is engaging the community. Research shows that high-income countries tend to use top-down measures for <i>Aedes</i> mosquito management, favouring educational approaches to engage the community over participatory approaches that actively involve and empower the community in addressing disease risk. Little is known about the reasons behind the use of these approaches and how they could be strengthened. This research explores the community engagement approaches used in <i>Aedes</i> mosquito management in Cairns, Queensland, Australia and the factors influencing the choice of these approaches.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Methods</h3> <p>A case study design was used, drawing on two qualitative methods—key informant, semi-structured interviews (<i>n</i> = 25), and a document review (<i>n</i> = 20). Thematic analysis was used to identify, analyse and attribute meaning from the data.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Results</h3> <p>Various approaches were used to engage the community, including direct interaction through door-to-door inspections, broad outreach via mass media campaigns, and community participation in a novel mosquito replacement strategy. Factors influencing the choice of these approaches included government legislative responsibilities, research-related ethical obligations, work norms within local government and public health units, the perceived importance of gaining community trust, constraints on workforce capacity, time and funding.</p> </section> <section> <h3> Conclusions</h3> <p>There were multiple factors influencing the community engagement approaches used in this study. Resource constraints, institutional norms and prevailing attitudes and beliefs were identified as hindering the use of more empowering approaches to engaging the community. These barriers should be considered and addressed in the planning of <i>Aedes</i> mosquito management to better support community engagement in this setting.</p> </section> <section> <h3> So What?</h3> <p>Community engagement is an important aspect of managing the <i>Aedes</i> mosquito disease threat. With the global increase in <i>Aedes</i> mosquito-borne disease risk, these findings can help other at-risk settings understand potential organisational impediments to engaging the community. This is particularly important when advocating for the inclusion of

解决的问题：预防和管理伊蚊传播疾病爆发风险的一个重要部分是让社区参与进来。研究表明，高收入国家倾向于采用自上而下的措施来管理伊蚊，更倾向于采用教育方法让社区参与其中，而不是采用参与式方法让社区积极参与并增强其应对疾病风险的能力。人们对使用这些方法背后的原因以及如何加强这些方法知之甚少。本研究探讨了澳大利亚昆士兰州凯恩斯市在伊蚊管理中使用的社区参与方法，以及影响选择这些方法的因素：采用案例研究设计，借鉴两种定性方法--关键信息提供者半结构式访谈（n = 25）和文件审查（n = 20）。采用主题分析法对数据进行识别、分析和意义归属：采用了各种方法让社区参与进来，包括通过挨家挨户检查进行直接互动、通过大众媒体进行广泛宣传，以及让社区参与新颖的蚊子替代战略。影响选择这些方法的因素包括政府的立法责任、与研究相关的道德义务、当地政府和公共卫生单位的工作规范、获得社区信任的重要性认知、劳动力能力、时间和资金的限制：本研究中使用的社区参与方法受到多种因素的影响。资源限制、机构规范以及普遍的态度和信念被认为是阻碍采用更多增强社区参与能力的方法的因素。在规划伊蚊管理时，应考虑并解决这些障碍，以更好地支持这种环境下的社区参与。所以呢：社区参与是管理伊蚊疾病威胁的一个重要方面。随着全球伊蚊传播疾病风险的增加，这些研究结果可以帮助其他高风险环境了解社区参与的潜在组织障碍。这对于倡导将自下而上的方法纳入政策，以及确保分配足够的资源以加强社区参与伊蚊管理尤为重要。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating the impact of COVID-19 on international student wellbeing in Australia 调查 COVID-19 对澳大利亚留学生福祉的影响。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.926

Bettina Backman, Neetu George, Bianca Whiteside, Fiona H. McKay, Matthew Dunn

Issue Addressed

International students are at a heightened risk of experiencing negative health and wellbeing outcomes, which was further exacerbated during the COVID-19 lockdowns. This research sought to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the health and wellbeing of international students in Australia.

Methods

Thirty-one international students participated in qualitative in-depth interviews between March and April 2022 to explore their experiences of health and wellbeing during 2020–2021 while they lived and studied in Australia. Interviews were coded and analysed thematically using NVivo software.

Results

Findings highlight the impact of the pandemic on international students' mental, social and financial wellbeing, including worry about loved ones, social isolation, financial and employment insecurity and challenges related to online learning. The pandemic exacerbated and brought more attention to existing issues and placed students in unequal positions in relation to domestic students and each other.

Conclusions

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased students' vulnerability to poor mental health and to a range of social and financial issues.

So What?

The findings of this study highlight the need for support strategies to improve international students' mental health and social wellbeing outcomes in Australia.

解决的问题：留学生在健康和福利方面遭受负面影响的风险较高，而在 COVID-19 大流行期间，这种风险进一步加剧。本研究旨在探讨 COVID-19 大流行对澳大利亚留学生健康和福祉的影响：31 名留学生在 2022 年 3 月至 4 月期间参加了定性深入访谈，以探讨他们在 2020-2021 年期间在澳大利亚生活和学习期间的健康和幸福经历。我们使用 NVivo 软件对访谈进行了编码和专题分析：研究结果强调了大流行病对留学生精神、社会和经济福祉的影响，包括对亲人的担忧、社会隔离、经济和就业无保障以及与在线学习相关的挑战。大流行加剧了现有问题并使其受到更多关注，使学生与国内学生以及学生之间处于不平等的地位：结论：COVID-19 大流行病增加了学生对不良心理健康以及一系列社会和经济问题的脆弱性。结论：COVID-19 的流行加剧了学生心理健康状况不佳以及一系列社会和经济问题的脆弱性。

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引用次数: 0

Awareness and use of the Eat Smart Play Smart resources in Out of School Hours Care services: A staff survey in New South Wales, Australia 校外托管服务机构对 "聪明吃饭，聪明玩耍 "资源的认识和使用情况：澳大利亚新南威尔士州员工调查。

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.925

Linda Patel, Megan L. Hammersley, Susan Furber, Jennifer Norman, Sarah T. Ryan, Ruth Crowe, Andrew J. Woods, Yasmine C. Probst, Rebecca M. Stanley, Lauren Taylor, Anthony D. Okely

Issue Addressed

Out of School Hours Care (OSHC) is an important setting to promote healthy eating and physical activity. Between 2017 and 2018, The Eat Smart Play Smart (ESPS) resources were disseminated to OSHC services across New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the awareness and usability of ESPS to support OSHC healthy eating and physical activity practices.

Methods

All NSW OSHC services (approximately 1700) were invited to complete an online survey to assess awareness and use of the ESPS resources (manual and online modules). Data were analysed using SPSS (Version 29).

Results

A total of 393 OSHC staff responded to the survey. Most (75%) had used the ESPS resources. Of the 25% who had not used the resources, 63% indicated it was because they did not receive the manual and 52% were not aware of the resources. Of the OSHC services that knew about the resources, 69% indicated that ESPS contributed to their service's ability to meet the Australian National Quality Standards. Respondents identified additional support was required regarding physical activity educational materials and professional learning. Suggestions for improvements included offering content in different formats (e.g., digital).

Conclusion

This evaluation identified factors influencing the uptake of the ESPS resources and will inform future interventions for OSHC staff to improve knowledge and practices in healthy eating and physical activity promotion.

So What?

Our findings will support the optimisation of ESPS resources and inform future development of future healthy eating and physical activity interventions in the OSHC setting.

解决的问题：校外托管（OSHC）是促进健康饮食和体育锻炼的重要场所。2017 年至 2018 年期间，澳大利亚新南威尔士州（NSW）向校外托管服务机构分发了 "吃得聪明玩得聪明"（ESPS）资源。本研究旨在评估ESPS的认知度和可用性，以支持职业安全健康中心的健康饮食和体育活动实践：方法：邀请新南威尔士州所有职业安全健康中心服务机构（约 1700 家）完成在线调查，以评估对 ESPS 资源（手册和在线模块）的认识和使用情况。使用 SPSS（第 29 版）对数据进行分析：共有 393 名职业安全健康中心的工作人员对调查做出了回复。大多数人（75%）使用过 ESPS 资源。在没有使用过这些资源的 25%的人中，63%的人表示是因为没有收到手册，52%的人表示不知道有这些资源。在了解这些资源的职业安全和健康服务机构中，69%的机构表示，ESPS有助于其服务机构达到澳大利亚国家质量标准。受访者认为，在体育活动教材和专业学习方面需要更多支持。改进建议包括提供不同格式的内容（如数字格式）：这项评估确定了影响ESPS资源使用的因素，并将为职业安全健康中心工作人员未来的干预措施提供信息，以提高健康饮食和体育活动推广方面的知识和实践。所以呢？我们的研究结果将支持ESPS资源的优化，并为今后在职业安全健康中心环境中开展健康饮食和体育锻炼干预活动提供参考。

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引用次数: 0