Health Promotion Journal of Australia最新文献

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Participatory Health Impact Assessment for Health and Well-Being Policy at Local Level in Thailand 泰国地方一级健康和福利政策参与式健康影响评估

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-13 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70073

Nattaya Promthong, Suwicha Thaweesook, Phen Sukmak, Sirima mongkolsomlit, Patchana Hengboriboonpong Jaidee, Weerasak Putthasri

Issue Addressed

Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) related to health and well-being requires diverse stakeholders' engagement. According to Thailand's constitution, the decentralisation of health promotion to Local Administrative Organizations (LAOs) has been increasingly implemented. The lessons learned from experiences in implementing well-being tools and engaging stakeholders in diverse local and cultural contexts offer practical benefits. This article describes the development of participatory policy using health impact assessment (HIA) in selected LAOs across Thailand, alongside bottom-up policy formulation, to support sustainable social well-being and community empowerment.

Methods

A qualitative research approach was applied to examine HIA implementation in 12 purposively selected LAOs across Thailand. Data collection included document reviews, participatory observations of HIA meetings/activities and 156 in-depth interviews with key informants (KIs) who were actively involved in the HIA process. The analysis specifically examined the roles of community and stakeholder engagement, the implementation processes and the resulting outcomes.

Results

The 12 LAOs selected a diverse range of challenges for HIA applications, including waste management, water pollution, elderly care, occupational health and community tourism. Community consultation with government personnel, academics and community members was conducted as the preparation phase to identify priority issues. Most participants emphasised that meaningful and inclusive participation through the HIA process was crucial for creating ownership and ensuring compliance with agreements. The influencing step of HIA was significant in securing commitment and continued support from local governments. Participants also mentioned increased motivation, active citizenship, community empowerment and collective leadership development.

Conclusions

The findings indicate that the HIA is a social tool effectively implemented in the community. Various issues and challenges of health and well-being are manifest in deployment.

So What?

Inclusive participation through the policy development process at the local level is clarity to support sustainable social well-being and community empowerment.

实现与健康和福祉有关的可持续发展目标需要各利益攸关方的参与。根据泰国《宪法》，越来越多地将促进健康的权力下放给地方行政组织（老挝）。从实施福祉工具和在不同的地方和文化背景下吸引利益攸关方的经验中吸取的教训提供了实际的好处。本文描述了在泰国选定的老挝使用健康影响评估（HIA）制定参与性政策，以及自下而上的政策制定，以支持可持续的社会福祉和社区赋权。方法采用定性研究方法对泰国12个有目的选择的老挝的HIA实施情况进行检验。数据收集包括文件审查、对HIA会议/活动的参与性观察以及对积极参与HIA进程的关键线人（ki）的156次深度访谈。该分析特别审查了社区和利益相关者参与的作用、实施过程和结果。结果12个老挝为HIA的应用选择了一系列不同的挑战，包括废物管理、水污染、老年人护理、职业健康和社区旅游。在筹备阶段，与政府人员、学者和社区成员进行了社区咨询，以确定优先事项。大多数与会者强调，通过HIA进程进行有意义和包容性的参与对于建立所有权和确保协议得到遵守至关重要。HIA的影响步骤在确保地方政府的承诺和持续支持方面具有重要意义。与会者还提到提高积极性、积极的公民意识、社区赋权和集体领导能力的发展。结论HIA是一种在社区中有效实施的社会化工具。健康和福祉方面的各种问题和挑战体现在部署方面。那又怎样?通过地方一级的政策制定进程进行包容性参与，显然有助于支持可持续的社会福祉和社区赋权。

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引用次数: 0

Correction to “Increasing the Effectiveness of Rural, Regional and Remote Food Security Initiatives Through Place-Based Partnerships—A Qualitative Study” 更正“通过地方伙伴关系提高农村、区域和偏远地区粮食安全举措的有效性——一项定性研究”

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-13 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70067

S. L. Godrich, I. Chiera, M. Stoneham, J. Doe, A. Devine, and E. Humphreys, “Increasing the Effectiveness of Rural, Regional and Remote Food Security Initiatives Through Place-Based Partnerships—A Qualitative Study,” Health Promotion Journal of Australia 36 (2025): e70048, https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.70048.

In the first version of the above article, second and third authors should be swapped as originally agreed by our team; Isabelle Chiera should be listed as second author and Melissa Stoneham as third author.

The online article has been amended.

We apologise for this error.

S. L. Godrich， I. Chiera， M. Stoneham， J. Doe， A. Devine和E. Humphreys，“通过基于地点的伙伴关系提高农村，区域和偏远地区粮食安全倡议的有效性-一项定性研究”，澳大利亚健康促进杂志36 (2025):e70048, https://doi.org/10.1002/hpja.70048.In上述文章的第一版，第二和第三作者应按我们团队最初同意的方式交换；Isabelle Chiera应该被列为第二作者，Melissa Stoneham应该被列为第三作者。网上的文章已被修改。我们为这个错误道歉。

引用次数: 0

Cancer Risk Perceptions in South Australia: A Descriptive Analysis of a Population Survey 南澳大利亚的癌症风险认知：一项人口调查的描述性分析

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-13 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70075

Nur Sofia Sapian, Ryan Calabro, Daniel Coro

Background

Cancer is a major health issue in Australia, significantly contributing to the total disease burden. Despite well-known modifiable risk factors, engagement in healthy behaviours remains inconsistent. This study examines perceived cancer risk for various modifiable factors among a South Australian population and analyses changes over time.

Methods

Data were collected from the Population Health Survey Module System in 2022, with 3002 participants completing the survey. The survey included questions on perceived cancer risk for various factors, using a 5-point Likert scale, and sociodemographic factors. Simple linear regressions were used to examine trends in cancer risk perceptions and changes over time (2018–2022).

Results

Perceived risk was high for smoking and sun exposure, while risks associated with alcohol consumption and lack of immunisation were perceived as moderate. Sociodemographic predictors indicated varying perceptions based on age, gender, socioeconomic status, and cultural background. Trends over time showed slight downward perceptions for being unimmunised, spending too much time in the sun, carrying excess body fat, and smoking cigarettes.

Conclusions

Findings highlight the need for targeted public health campaigns and greater public education to address gaps in awareness where perceptions were lower than expected, particularly regarding alcohol consumption and immunisation based on robustness of established evidence.

So What?

Persistent gaps in public cancer risk awareness, especially for alcohol consumption and immunisation, highlight the need for targeted education. Beyond raising awareness alone, structural and systemic barriers must also be addressed to support meaningful and sustained behaviour change.

癌症是澳大利亚的一个主要健康问题，在总疾病负担中占很大比例。尽管众所周知的可改变的风险因素，参与健康行为仍然不一致。这项研究考察了南澳大利亚人口中各种可改变因素的感知癌症风险，并分析了随时间的变化。方法从2022年人口健康调查模块系统中收集数据，共3002名参与者完成调查。该调查包括对各种因素的癌症风险感知问题，使用5分李克特量表，以及社会人口因素。使用简单的线性回归来检查癌症风险认知的趋势和随时间（2018-2022）的变化。结果吸烟和日晒的风险较高，而与饮酒和缺乏免疫相关的风险被认为是中等的。社会人口学预测指标显示，人们对年龄、性别、社会经济地位和文化背景的看法各不相同。随着时间的推移，人们对未接种疫苗、日晒时间过长、体脂过多和吸烟的看法略有下降。结论：研究结果强调需要有针对性的公共卫生运动和更大的公共教育，以解决认识上的差距，特别是关于饮酒和基于既定证据的免疫接种的认识低于预期。那又怎样?公众对癌症风险的认识，特别是对酒精消费和免疫接种的认识一直存在差距，这突出表明需要进行有针对性的教育。除了提高认识之外，还必须解决结构性和系统性障碍，以支持有意义和持续的行为改变。

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引用次数: 0

‘Diabetes Makes You Lose Your Leg’: Footcare Self-Management Amongst I-Taukei Fijians—A Wearable Camera Study “糖尿病让你失去一条腿”：斐济I-Taukei人的足部自我管理——一项可穿戴相机研究

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70076

Keresi Rokorua Bako, Masoud Mohammadnezhad, Dianne Sika-Paotonu, Amanda D'Souza, Louise Signal

Issue Addressed

Footcare is an integral part of diabetes self-management, yet there is limited research on diabetes footcare self-management. This paper explores footcare self-management and the impact of diabetes foot complications amongst I-Taukei Fijians in Fiji.

Methods

This mixed-method research examines data from the innovative Fijian Diabetes Cam study, consisting of photographic images, photo-elicitation interviews, and researcher observation. A strategic sample of 30 I-Taukei Fijian adults with diabetes participated. Participants wore a camera that photographed their activities, behaviour, and environment every 7 s for 4 days. Images were used in semi-structured photo-elicitation interviews at home, with the images as prompts. Image data and observation were descriptively analysed, while photo-elicitation responses were thematically analysed.

Results

While all participants said they performed footcare, for most this was limited to looking for cuts and wounds. Those with foot complications such as amputations have to leave employment. Facilitators included family and community support. Key barriers included the lack of preventive health services and support; poor resourcing and accessibility of dressing supplies, blood sugar testing kits and mobility aids and the warm climate hindering the wearing of closed shoes. Access to appropriate housing and transportation were also key barriers for those with amputations.

Conclusions

This study suggests that I-Taukei patients recognise the need for footcare self-management and are largely motivated to do it. However, there is a lack of health education and the health service lacks the resources and trained staff to meet the needs of the people. The underfunded and under-resourced health system is a major contributor. Nevertheless, there are opportunities to improve health promotion actions.

So What?

Health promotion approach to diabetes footcare self-management in Fiji could significantly improve the lives of people living with diabetes and reduce the risk of complications and amputation. Donor countries and WHO need to consider the support provided to assist Fiji to manage this increasingly challenging public health issue.

足部护理是糖尿病自我管理的重要组成部分，但目前对糖尿病足部护理自我管理的研究有限。本文探讨足部护理自我管理和糖尿病足并发症的影响在斐济I-Taukei斐济人。方法本研究采用混合方法，研究了斐济糖尿病Cam研究的数据，包括摄影图像、照片启发式访谈和研究者观察。参与了30名斐济I-Taukei成人糖尿病患者的战略样本。参与者戴着相机，每隔7秒拍摄一次他们的活动、行为和环境，持续4天。在家中使用图像进行半结构化的照片引出访谈，图像作为提示。图像数据和观察结果进行描述性分析，而光激发反应进行主题分析。虽然所有参与者都说他们会做足部护理，但大多数人的护理仅限于寻找割伤和伤口。患有截肢等足部并发症的人必须离职。促进者包括家庭和社区支持。主要障碍包括缺乏预防性保健服务和支助；敷料、血糖检测试剂盒和行动辅助设备的资源不足和难以获得，以及温暖的气候阻碍了穿闭式鞋。获得适当的住房和交通也是截肢者面临的主要障碍。本研究表明I-Taukei患者认识到足部护理自我管理的必要性，并且在很大程度上有动力去做。然而，卫生教育缺乏，卫生服务缺乏满足人民需求的资源和训练有素的工作人员。资金和资源不足的卫生系统是一个主要因素。尽管如此，仍有机会改进促进健康的行动。那又怎样?斐济对糖尿病足部护理自我管理的健康促进方法可以大大改善糖尿病患者的生活，减少并发症和截肢的风险。捐助国和世卫组织需要考虑提供支助，以协助斐济管理这一日益具有挑战性的公共卫生问题。

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引用次数: 0

The Perceived Role of Green Spaces on Mental Well-Being in Adults Living in Regional Communities: A Qualitative Study 区域社区成人绿地对心理健康的感知作用：一项定性研究

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70072

Hirbo Shore Roba, Stuart J. H. Biddle, Tracy Kolbe-Alexander

Issue Addressed

Research in Australia has shown that green spaces enhance mental health. However, most studies focused on urban areas, leaving regional settings underexplored. This study explores the perceived role and features of green spaces in supporting the mental health and well-being of adults in regional Southeast Queensland, Australia.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 community residents aged 42–76 years from the Toowoomba Regional Council (TRC) area, and two focus group discussions (FGDs) were held with eight council officers. Transcripts were analysed thematically using NVivo.

Results

Three key themes were identified regarding the role of green spaces: stress relief and restoration, spaces for physical and social activities, and barriers to and facilitators of green space use and activity engagement. Participants described green spaces as retreats from daily demands, fostering stress recovery, emotional balance and self-reflection. Green spaces also supported physical activity and encouraged social interaction. Accessibility, perceived safety, maintenance and environmental conditions were identified as factors influencing usage and associated health benefits of green spaces.

Conclusion

Green space in regional settings offers multifaceted benefits for mental health and well-being, including restorative effects, opportunities for physical activity and social connection. However, accessibility, safety and seasonal challenges influence the use of green spaces and health outcomes.

So What?

This study highlights the importance of green spaces for mental health in regional Australia, underscoring the need for context-specific planning and management to optimise health benefits. These findings may inform policies and interventions to enhance green space quality, accessibility and utilisation in regional contexts.

澳大利亚的研究表明，绿地可以促进心理健康。然而，大多数研究集中在城市地区，对区域环境的探索不足。本研究探讨了澳大利亚昆士兰东南部地区的绿色空间在支持成年人心理健康和福祉方面的作用和特征。方法采用半结构化访谈法对图温巴地区议会（TRC） 11名42 ~ 76岁的社区居民进行访谈，并与8名议会官员进行两次焦点小组讨论（fgd）。使用NVivo对转录本进行主题分析。结果确定了关于绿地作用的三个关键主题：缓解和恢复压力，体育和社会活动空间，以及绿色空间使用和活动参与的障碍和促进因素。参与者将绿色空间描述为逃避日常需求、促进压力恢复、情绪平衡和自我反思的场所。绿色空间还支持体育活动，鼓励社会互动。可达性、可感知的安全性、维护和环境条件被确定为影响绿地使用和相关健康效益的因素。区域环境中的绿地为心理健康和福祉提供了多方面的好处，包括恢复作用、身体活动和社会联系的机会。然而，可达性、安全性和季节性挑战影响了绿色空间的使用和健康结果。那又怎样?这项研究强调了澳大利亚地区绿色空间对心理健康的重要性，强调了根据具体情况进行规划和管理以优化健康效益的必要性。这些发现可以为政策和干预提供信息，以提高区域环境下的绿色空间质量、可达性和利用率。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence of Physical Activity Initiatives in Australian Primary Schools: A Cross-Sectional Survey 澳大利亚小学体育活动主动性的流行程度：一项横断面调查

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70071

Kate M. O'Brien, Jessica Bell, Luke Wolfenden, Nicole Nathan, Sze Lin Yoong, Adrian Bauman, Christophe Lecathelinais, Lucy Leigh, Rebecca K. Hodder

Issue Addressed

Schools are a key setting for influencing children's physical activity and sedentary behaviour. The broad adoption of guideline-informed initiatives is essential to achieve population-wide health benefits. However, there is limited evidence on the implementation of recommended physical activity initiatives in Australian primary schools. This study aims to assess the implementation of these initiatives and their associations with school characteristics.

Methods

A cross-sectional study surveyed a nationally representative sample of Australian primary school principals (August 2022–October 2023) regarding 32 physical activity initiatives across four opportunities for physical activity: in the classroom; outside the classroom/during break times; outside of school/involving families; and other. Initiatives were identified from recent systematic reviews aligned with Australian and global guidelines. Prevalence estimates were weighted to the national school population, and logistic regression models examined associations with school characteristics (school size, remoteness, socio-economic status).

Results

Of the 669 participating schools, 360 completed the physical activity survey, with implementation rates ranging from 4% to 98%. The most implemented initiative inside the classroom was ‘Physical activity units of work in PDHPE/HPE’ (98%); outside the classroom/during break times was ‘School infrastructure that supports physical activity during breaks’ (96%); and outside of school/involving families was ‘School provides end-of-trip facilities to encourage active school travel’ (75%). Nine initiatives were associated with school size (6 initiatives), remoteness (4 initiatives), or socio-economic status (1 initiative).

Conclusions

Implementation rates of the 32 physical activity initiatives varied substantially and most initiatives had similar rates across school characteristics (school size, remoteness, socio-economic status).

So What?

This first national study provides crucial information on the implementation of individual physical activity initiatives in Australian primary schools, highlighting areas where policy and practice investment is needed to support implementation.

学校是影响儿童身体活动和久坐行为的关键场所。广泛采用有指导方针依据的举措对于实现全民健康惠益至关重要。然而，关于在澳大利亚小学实施推荐的体育活动倡议的证据有限。本研究旨在评估这些措施的实施情况，以及这些措施与学校特色的关系。方法横断面研究调查了具有全国代表性的澳大利亚小学校长样本（2022年8月至2023年10月），涉及32项体育活动倡议，涉及四种体育活动机会：在课堂上；在教室外/课间休息时；校外活动/涉及家庭；和其他。根据最近与澳大利亚和全球指导方针一致的系统审查确定了倡议。患病率估计根据全国学校人口进行加权，逻辑回归模型检查了与学校特征（学校规模、偏远程度、社会经济地位）的关联。结果669所参与学校中，有360所完成了体育活动调查，执行率从4%到98%不等。课堂内实施最多的倡议是“PDHPE/HPE的体育活动工作单元”（98%）；课堂外/课间休息时间为“支持课间体育活动的学校基础设施”（96%）；在校外/让家庭参与的是“学校提供旅行结束设施以鼓励积极的学校旅行”（75%）。9个计划与学校规模（6个计划）、偏远程度（4个计划）或社会经济地位（1个计划）有关。结论：32项体育活动倡议的执行率差异很大，大多数倡议的执行率在不同的学校特征（学校规模、偏远程度、社会经济地位）中相似。那又怎样?这是第一项全国性的研究，为澳大利亚小学实施个人体育活动倡议提供了重要信息，强调了需要政策和实践投资来支持实施的领域。

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引用次数: 0

Factors Influencing Health Promoting Behaviours Among Arab-Australians: Perspectives of Health and Community Workers 影响阿拉伯裔澳大利亚人促进健康行为的因素：卫生和社区工作者的观点

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70057

Aymen El Masri, Nematullah Hayba, Jasmine Balluc, Justin M. Guagliano, Emma S. George

Background

Engaging Arab immigrant populations in health promotion interventions can be challenging due to their unique needs and preferences. Fewer studies have explored the experience of health and community workers on the factors influencing Arab-Australians' engagement in health initiatives and health promoting behaviours. The aim of this study was to explore the perspectives of health and community workers on recruitment, engagement, and experiences with co-design for health promotion initiatives targeting Arab-Australian adults.

Methods

This qualitative study sampled 10 health and community workers aged 42.6 ± 13.0 years from New South Wales, Australia, to participate in a semi-structured interview during 2023–2024. The interview topic guide focused on exploring health and community workers' experiences with recruitment, engagement, and co-design. Data were analysed using deductive and inductive thematic analysis techniques.

Results

Recruitment strategies included using digital channels such as instant messaging or social media, directly engaging with established groups and networks, passive recruitment such as word-of-mouth, having or establishing trust with the community, and engaging community workers or champions. Engagement considerations included culture and religion, importance of family, importance of the facilitator, accessibility factors, content and approaches to delivery, and incentives. The themes related to co-design and collaboration were importance, approaches, and barriers.

Conclusions

The findings of this study provide a unique insight into the factors influencing recruitment, engagement, and co-design approaches when targeting Arab-Australian adults for health promotion initiatives. These findings could be used by researchers or those working in the community to inform the development of health promotion initiatives for Arab-Australian adults.

背景：由于阿拉伯移民人口的独特需求和偏好，使他们参与健康促进干预可能具有挑战性。较少的研究探讨了卫生和社区工作者对影响阿拉伯裔澳大利亚人参与卫生倡议和促进健康行为的因素的经验。本研究的目的是探讨卫生和社区工作者在针对阿拉伯-澳大利亚成年人的健康促进倡议的招募、参与和共同设计方面的观点。方法采用半结构化访谈法，从澳大利亚新南威尔士州（New South Wales）抽取10名年龄为42.6±13.0岁的卫生和社区工作者，于2023-2024年进行访谈。访谈主题指南侧重于探索卫生和社区工作者在招聘、参与和共同设计方面的经验。数据分析使用演绎和归纳专题分析技术。招聘策略包括使用即时通讯或社交媒体等数字渠道，直接与已建立的群体和网络互动，被动招聘，如口碑，与社区建立信任，以及吸引社区工作者或冠军。参与的考虑因素包括文化和宗教、家庭的重要性、促进者的重要性、可访问性因素、交付的内容和方法以及激励。与协同设计和协作相关的主题是重要性、方法和障碍。本研究的结果提供了一个独特的视角，了解影响招募、参与和共同设计方法的因素，当针对阿拉伯-澳大利亚成年人进行健康促进活动时。这些发现可以被研究人员或那些在社区工作的人用来为阿拉伯-澳大利亚成年人的健康促进倡议的发展提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Denominator Matters: Comparing the Impact of Estimated Resident Population Versus Medicare Enrolment Population on Healthcare Utilisation Analyses 分母问题：比较估计的居民人口与医疗保险登记人口对医疗保健利用分析的影响

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-06 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70069

Imaina Widagdo, Anna Kemp-Casey, Gereltuya Dorj, Andre Andrade, Nicole Pratt

Issue Addressed

The Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Estimated Resident Population (ERP) and the Medicare Enrolment population are commonly used denominators in calculating healthcare utilisation rates. The ERP is an estimate of all usual residents of Australia, even those ineligible for Medicare, while the Medicare population is limited to those eligible for Medicare. However, many researchers may be unaware of these differences, which can lead to inappropriate denominator use, misinterpretation of utilisation rates and suboptimal resource allocation. This analysis compared differences in utilisation rates based on whether ERP or Medicare populations were used as denominators.

Methods

We compared General Practitioner (GP) utilisation rates across age groups, sex and jurisdictions in Australia. Data on GP attendance (Medicare item 23) and published per capita utilisation rates were obtained from the Medicare Statistics website. Per capita service use rates were recalculated using the ERP at June 2022 as the denominator, with the published number of claims as the numerator. The study analysed data from the financial year 2021–2022.

Results

The ERP included 26 million people, while the Medicare population was 26.2 million. Nationally, GP attendance rates were about 2.3% higher using the ABS ERP than using the Medicare population. However, discrepancies varied by age and jurisdiction. In the ACT, ERP-based rates were around 16% lower than Medicare for persons aged 15–24, whereas in the NT, ERP-based rates for females aged 85+ were 21% higher than Medicare rates.

Conclusion

Nationally, differences between healthcare utilisation rates calculated using ABS ERP versus Medicare enrolment data were minimal. ERP-based rates were lower for younger adults, while Medicare-based rates were lower for older adults.

So What?

Our findings emphasise the importance of carefully selecting and reporting denominators, considering their relevance to the population targeted by the service to ensure meaningful interpretation.

澳大利亚统计局（ABS）估计常住人口（ERP）和医疗保险登记人口是计算医疗保健利用率的常用分母。ERP是对澳大利亚所有常住居民的估计，甚至包括那些不符合医疗保险资格的人，而医疗保险人口仅限于符合医疗保险资格的人。然而，许多研究人员可能没有意识到这些差异，这可能导致不适当的分母使用，对利用率的误解和次优资源分配。该分析比较了基于是否使用ERP或医疗保险人口作为分母的利用率差异。方法我们比较了澳大利亚不同年龄、性别和司法管辖区的全科医生（GP）使用率。全科医生出勤率（医疗保险项目23）和公布的人均利用率数据来自医疗保险统计网站。以2022年6月的人均服务使用率为分母，以公布的索赔数为分子，重新计算人均服务使用率。该研究分析了2021-2022财政年度的数据。结果ERP包括2600万人，而Medicare人口为2620万人。在全国范围内，使用ABS ERP的全科医生出勤率比使用医疗保险人群的全科医生出勤率高2.3%。然而，差异因年龄和管辖权而异。在澳大利亚首都地区，15-24岁的人基于erp的比率比医疗保险低16%左右，而在北部地区，85岁以上女性的基于erp的比率比医疗保险高21%。结论：在全国范围内，使用ABS ERP计算的医疗保健利用率与医疗保险登记数据之间的差异很小。年轻人以erp为基础的比率较低，而老年人以医疗保险为基础的比率较低。那又怎样?我们的研究结果强调了仔细选择和报告分母的重要性，考虑到它们与服务目标人群的相关性，以确保有意义的解释。

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引用次数: 0

Public Health Campaign to Prevent Dementia: An Unmet and Critical Need 预防痴呆症的公共卫生运动：未满足的关键需求

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-03 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70068

A. Eddy-Lacey, K. Miskovski, T. Petrovich, A. Moxey, B. C. M. Stephan, T. Buchanan

This paper draws attention to the significant public health challenge that dementia represents in Australia as one of the leading causes of death and disease burden. In Australia alone, the number of people living with dementia is expected to double within 30 years. Evidence suggests that almost half of all dementia cases worldwide could be prevented by addressing modifiable risk factors across the life course. With no effective medical treatment or cure for dementia, it stands to reason that economic investment should be directed towards preventing dementia and reducing risk by addressing modifiable risk factors at both individual and population levels. Attention must be afforded to the health inequities that exist, and consideration given to appropriate messaging and approaches to target the various cultural, commercial and social determinants of health associated with increased dementia risk across different population groups. Furthermore, critical messaging about dementia risk is largely absent from health campaigns, contributing to the low levels of understanding and awareness of dementia in the Australian public. Therefore, there is a need for urgent investment in a co-designed large-scale public health campaign targeting key modifiable risk factors for dementia to improve population brain health and reduce the societal impact of this condition.

本文提请注意的重大公共卫生挑战，痴呆代表在澳大利亚作为死亡和疾病负担的主要原因之一。仅在澳大利亚，患痴呆症的人数预计将在30年内翻一番。有证据表明，全世界几乎一半的痴呆症病例可以通过解决生命过程中可改变的风险因素来预防。由于痴呆症没有有效的药物治疗或治愈方法，因此有理由认为，经济投资应通过解决个人和人口层面上可改变的风险因素，用于预防痴呆症和降低风险。必须注意存在的卫生不公平现象，并考虑适当的信息传递和方法，针对不同人群中与痴呆症风险增加有关的各种文化、商业和社会健康决定因素。此外，卫生运动中基本上没有关于痴呆症风险的关键信息，导致澳大利亚公众对痴呆症的了解和认识水平较低。因此，迫切需要对共同设计的大规模公共卫生运动进行投资，针对痴呆症的关键可改变风险因素，以改善人口大脑健康并减少这种疾病的社会影响。

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引用次数: 0

Hepatitis B Knowledge and Trust in Western Medicine Among People of Chinese Ethnicity Living With Hepatitis B 中国乙型肝炎患者对西医的认识与信任

IF 1.4 4区医学 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Health Promotion Journal of Australia

Pub Date : 2025-07-02 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.70070

Loren Brener, Robyn Horwitz, Sylvester Okeke, Elena Cama, Kwok On Eric Wu, Simin Yu, Timothy Broady, Carla Treloar

Introduction

Research has shown that there are large gaps in hepatitis B knowledge among culturally and linguistically diverse communities that are disproportionately impacted by hepatitis B in Australia. Previous evidence among people of Chinese ethnicity in Australia indicates relatively poor knowledge around disease transmission and treatment. However, there is very little research examining hepatitis B knowledge among migrant people living with hepatitis B in Australia. The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between hepatitis B-related knowledge and trust in Western medicine among a group of people living with hepatitis B in Australia who are of Chinese ethnicity.

Methods

Hard copy surveys were completed by 69 Chinese people living with hepatitis B in Australia, measuring knowledge of hepatitis B, distrust in Western medicine, and demographic characteristics.

Results

There were significant gaps in knowledge around transmission, prevention and treatment of hepatitis B. Levels of trust in Western medicine were found to be moderate. There was a significant negative relationship between hepatitis B knowledge and distrust in Western medicine, and a significant positive relationship between hepatitis B knowledge and educational attainment, and between hepatitis B knowledge and community connection.

Conclusions

Findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to improve hepatitis B knowledge among Chinese people and potentially all migrant people living with hepatitis B. Findings also have implications for a more inclusive and equitable health system that recognises differences in cultural understanding of health in migrant communities when compared with the Western views that are predominant in Australia.

So What?

Health workers and the Australian healthcare system need to provide a safer and more trusting environment by acknowledging and valuing the Chinese community's cultural understanding of health and illness to promote early diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis B among members of this community.

研究表明，在文化和语言多样化的社区中，乙型肝炎知识存在很大差距，这些社区在澳大利亚受到乙型肝炎的不成比例的影响。先前的证据表明，澳大利亚华人对疾病传播和治疗的了解相对较差。然而，在澳大利亚，很少有研究检查患有乙型肝炎的移民的乙型肝炎知识。本研究的目的是研究在澳大利亚的一组华裔乙型肝炎患者中，乙肝相关知识与对西医的信任之间的关系。方法对澳大利亚境内69名中国乙肝患者进行问卷调查，了解其乙肝知识、对西医的不信任感及人口统计学特征。结果在乙肝传播、预防和治疗知识方面存在明显差距，对西医的信任度一般。乙肝知识与西医不信任呈显著负相关，乙肝知识与受教育程度、社区联系呈显著正相关。研究结果强调了有针对性的干预措施的必要性，以提高中国人和潜在的所有乙肝移民的乙肝知识。研究结果还暗示了一个更加包容和公平的卫生系统，认识到移民社区对健康的文化理解差异，与在澳大利亚占主导地位的西方观点相比。那又怎样?卫生工作者和澳大利亚卫生保健系统需要通过承认和重视华人社区对健康和疾病的文化理解来提供一个更安全、更信任的环境，以促进该社区成员对乙肝的早期诊断和治疗。

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