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Preferences of Iranian average risk population for colorectal cancer screening tests. 伊朗平均风险人群对结直肠癌筛查试验的偏好
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-05-13 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-08-2017-0151
PURPOSEThe purpose of this paper is to explore the preferences of the average risk Iranian population for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening tests.DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACHA standard stated-preferences method with discrete choice models was used to identify the preferences. Data about socio-demographic status, health status and preferences for CRC screening tests were collected by a structured questionnaire that was completed by 500 people aged 50-75 years. Mixed logit model was used to analyze the preferences.FINDINGSThe regression model showed that the test process, pain, place, frequency, preparation, sensitivity, complication risk, mortality rate and cost were the final attributes; that had a statistically significant correlation with the preferences of the people in choosing CRC screening tests. The socio-demographic and health status of participants had no significant correlation with the individuals' preferences.PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONSThis study provides insight into how different characteristics of a CRC screening test might influence the preferences of individuals about that test.ORIGINALITY/VALUEThis was the first study of this type in Iran to elicit the preferences of the average risk population for CRC screening tests using a discrete choice model.
目的:本文的目的是探讨伊朗平均风险人群对结直肠癌(CRC)筛查试验的偏好。设计/方法/方法:采用离散选择模型的标准陈述偏好方法来识别偏好。有关社会人口状况、健康状况和CRC筛查偏好的数据通过结构化问卷收集,该问卷由500名年龄在50-75岁之间的人完成。采用混合logit模型进行偏好分析。结果:回归模型显示,检测过程、疼痛、地点、频率、准备、敏感性、并发症风险、死亡率和成本是最终属性;这与人们选择CRC筛查试验的偏好有统计学上显著的相关性。参与者的社会人口学和健康状况与个人偏好无显著相关。实际意义:本研究提供了关于CRC筛查测试的不同特征如何影响个体对该测试的偏好的见解。原创性/价值:这是伊朗首次使用离散选择模型得出平均风险人群对CRC筛查试验的偏好的此类研究。
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引用次数: 8
Factors affecting quality management at the Thai national institute of health. 影响泰国国家卫生研究所质量管理的因素。
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-05-13 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-05-2018-0107

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to confirm and examine organization-related factors that could affect quality management at the Thai national reference laboratory known as National Institute of Health.

Design/methodology/approach: The authors invited 340 laboratory staff members to complete a questionnaire that enquired about their skills, opinions, perceptions, leadership, work environment, organizational culture and organizational commitment in relation to quality management. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the data.

Findings: In total, 65 percent of institute members responded to the questionnaire. CFA revealed that all factors were related to quality management. Three factors, leadership, organizational commitment and work environment, significantly affected quality management, but organizational culture did not.

Research limitations/implications: Other data types should be collected for an in-depth understanding, i.e. focus groups or in-depth interviews. A longitudinal study could also enhance quality management understanding to see how each variable changes over time.

Originality/value: Analyzing quality management through confirmatory factor and regression analysis showed that the four analyzed variables are statistically significant in relation to quality management at the laboratory. Managers could apply this information to revise the current policy.

目的:本文的目的是确认和检查可能影响泰国国家卫生研究所国家参考实验室质量管理的组织相关因素。设计/方法/方法:作者邀请了340名实验室工作人员完成一份问卷,询问他们在质量管理方面的技能、意见、看法、领导能力、工作环境、组织文化和组织承诺。采用验证性因子分析(CFA)和多元线性回归分析数据。调查结果:总共有65%的协会成员回答了问卷。CFA结果显示,所有因素均与质量管理相关。领导力、组织承诺和工作环境对质量管理有显著影响,而组织文化对质量管理没有显著影响。研究限制/影响:应收集其他数据类型以深入了解,即焦点小组或深入访谈。纵向研究还可以增强对质量管理的理解,以了解每个变量如何随时间变化。原创性/价值:通过验证性因子和回归分析对质量管理进行分析,结果表明,所分析的四个变量与实验室质量管理的关系具有统计学显著性。管理人员可以利用这些信息来修改当前的政策。
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引用次数: 4
Can Bahraini patients accept e-health systems? 巴林病人能接受电子医疗系统吗?
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-05-13 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-05-2018-0106

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Bahraini individuals accept e-health system and the prominent factors affecting e-health system adoption in Bahrain.

Design/methodology/approach: The authors adopted a quantitative and qualitative approach, i.e., a self-administered questionnaire, unstructured and a semi-structured interview, which were used to collect the data. A questionnaire was distributed to Bahraini residents selected randomly. The framework was based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and theory of reasoned action (TRA). Important variables from both the TAM model and TRA theory were extracted and jointly used to build the research model.

Findings: The findings indicated that the most factors affecting e-health adoption are trust, health literacy and attitude. Additionally, people in the private and government sectors understand e-health benefits.

Practical implications: If healthcare professionals understand the factors affecting e-health system adoption from an individual and organisational perspective, then nurses, pharmacists and others will be more conscious about e-health and its adoption status.

Originality/value: E-health system adoption has become increasingly important to governments, individuals, and researchers in recent years. A novel research framework, based on TAM and TRA, was used to produce a new integrated model.

目的:本研究的目的是调查巴林个人对电子医疗系统的接受程度以及影响巴林电子医疗系统接受程度的主要因素。设计/方法/方法:作者采用定量和定性相结合的方法,即采用自填问卷、非结构化访谈和半结构化访谈来收集数据。随机抽取巴林居民进行问卷调查。该框架以技术接受模型(TAM)和理性行为理论(TRA)为基础。从TAM模型和TRA理论中提取重要变量,共同构建研究模型。结果:调查结果表明,影响电子医疗采用的主要因素是信任、健康素养和态度。此外,私营部门和政府部门的人都了解电子医疗的好处。实际意义:如果医疗保健专业人员从个人和组织的角度了解影响电子医疗系统采用的因素,那么护士、药剂师和其他人将更加意识到电子医疗及其采用状况。原创性/价值:近年来,电子卫生系统的采用对政府、个人和研究人员来说变得越来越重要。采用基于TAM和TRA的研究框架,建立了一个新的集成模型。
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引用次数: 10
Validating the Press Ganey Questionnaire (Bahasa Melayu version). 核实媒体记者问卷(马来语版)。
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-04-15 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-07-2018-0169

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to validate the Press Ganey Questionnaire (PGQ) (Bahasa Melayu version) using Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM) patients.

Design/methodology/approach: This cross-sectional study comprised 252 patients visiting HUSM. Patients were selected using the convenience sampling method. The PGQ (Bahasa Melayu version) had three main factors: during your visit; your care provider and overall assessment. Data were analyzed using the structural equation modeling.

Findings: The exploratory factor analysis resulted in item reduction from 21 to 17, which contained four factors with eigenvalues greater than 1. Meanwhile, confirmatory factor analysis results showed that data fitted the model: χ2/df at 1.764, comparative fit index at 0.952, Tucker-Lewis index at 0.941 and root mean square error of approximation at 0.073. The average variance extracted value for the four factors was greater than 0.50, which indicated that PGQ convergent validity was met. Overall, PGQ produced good reliability with composite reliability score equals to 0.966. Four factors were reclassified as "during your registration," "hospital staff attitude," "doctor's attitude" and "overall assessment."

Research limitations/implications: Patient satisfaction is an important and frequently used indicator for measuring healthcare quality; hence, a validated and reliable instrument is important for measuring patient satisfaction that leads to healthcare service quality assessment.

Practical implications: Validated PGQ provides some useful information for doctors, medical assistants, nurses and staff in the emergency department to help them become more prominent and efficient in their role as healthcare providers.

Social implications: Validated PGQ will help healthcare providers to deliver the best and exceptional care toward emergency patient, and thus improve their quality of work life. The findings in this study can be used as a guide or as baseline data for further research in this area.

Originality/value: The PQG (Bahasa Melayu version) was confirmed as a reliable and valid instrument for measuring patient satisfaction. This research is the first PGQ validation study in Southeast Asia, specifically focusing on Malaysian respondents.

目的:本论文的目的是在马来西亚圣士医院大学(HUSM)患者中验证Press Ganey问卷(马来语版)。设计/方法/方法:本横断面研究纳入252例访问HUSM的患者。采用方便抽样法选取患者。PGQ(马来语版本)有三个主要因素:在您访问期间;你的护理人员和整体评估。采用结构方程模型对数据进行分析。结果:经探索性因子分析,条目从21项减少到17项,其中包含4个特征值大于1的因子。同时,验证性因子分析结果显示,数据与模型拟合,χ2/df为1.764,比较拟合指数为0.952,Tucker-Lewis指数为0.941,近似均方根误差为0.073。4个因素的平均方差提取值均大于0.50,表明满足PGQ收敛效度。总体而言,PGQ具有较好的信度,其综合信度得分为0.966。4个因素被重新分类为“注册时”、“医院工作人员态度”、“医生态度”和“总体评估”。研究局限性/启示:患者满意度是衡量医疗质量的重要且经常使用的指标;因此,经过验证和可靠的仪器对于测量患者满意度非常重要,从而导致医疗保健服务质量评估。实际意义:经过验证的PGQ为急诊科的医生、医疗助理、护士和工作人员提供了一些有用的信息,帮助他们在医疗保健提供者的角色中变得更加突出和高效。社会影响:经过验证的PGQ将帮助医疗保健提供者为急诊患者提供最佳和卓越的护理,从而提高他们的工作生活质量。本研究结果可作为该领域进一步研究的指导或基线数据。原创性/价值:PQG(马来语版本)被证实是测量患者满意度的可靠和有效的工具。这项研究是东南亚第一个PGQ验证研究,特别关注马来西亚受访者。
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引用次数: 1
The link between healthcare risk identification and patient safety culture. 医疗风险识别与患者安全文化之间的联系。
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-04-15 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-04-2018-0098

Purpose: Risk identification plays a key role identifying patient safety risks. As previous research on risk identification practices, as applied to patient safety, and its association with safety culture is limited, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate current practice to address gaps and potential room for improvement.

Design/methodology/approach: The authors carry out interview-based questionnaires in one UK hospital to investigate real-world risk identification practices with eight healthcare staff, including managers, nurses and a medical consultant. Considering various aspects from both risk identification and safety culture practices, the authors investigate how these two are interrelated.

Findings: The interview-based questionnaires were helpful for evaluating current risk identification practices. While gaining significant insights into risk identification practices, such as experiences using current tools and methods, mainly retrospective ones, results also explicitly showed its link with the safety culture and highlighted the limitation in measuring the relationship.

Originality/value: The interviews addressed valuable challenges affecting success in the risk identification process, including limitations in safety culture practice, training, balancing financial and safety concerns, and integrating risk information from different tools and methods.

目的:风险识别是识别患者安全风险的关键。由于先前对风险识别实践的研究,如应用于患者安全,以及它与安全文化的联系是有限的,本文的目的是评估当前的实践,以解决差距和潜在的改进空间。设计/方法/方法:作者在一家英国医院开展基于访谈的问卷调查,调查现实世界的风险识别实践与8名医护人员,包括管理人员,护士和医疗顾问。考虑到风险识别和安全文化实践的各个方面,作者研究了这两者是如何相互关联的。调查结果:基于访谈的问卷有助于评估当前的风险识别实践。虽然获得了对风险识别实践的重要见解,例如使用当前工具和方法的经验,主要是回顾性的,但结果也明确显示了其与安全文化的联系,并强调了测量关系的局限性。独创性/价值:访谈涉及影响风险识别过程成功的有价值的挑战,包括安全文化实践的局限性、培训、平衡财务和安全问题,以及整合来自不同工具和方法的风险信息。
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引用次数: 23
Foodservice quality in South African hospitals: patient experiences. 南非医院的餐饮服务质量:患者体验。
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-04-15 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-11-2017-0213

Purpose: This paper presents an interpretive data analysis from a superordinate study that aimed to determine foodservice satisfaction. The purpose of this paper is to determine inpatient hospital foodservice experiences.

Design/methodology/approach: The authors used secondary data obtained from 419 respondents: (225 (53.70 per cent) males, 178 (42.48 per cent) females and 16 (3.82 per cent) undisclosed) participants. A comparative, quantitative and cross-sectional approach was applied to provide insight into hospital foodservice experiences. The Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, interpreted at 0.05 error rate, was used to compare male and female patient experiences.

Findings: Male patients had significantly higher rank-sum scores than female patients in almost all items (p<0.0001). The study revealed that hospital personnel, especially foodservice staff, had an unsatisfactory communication approach.

Originality/value: This is the first South African study that compares female and male inpatient foodservice perceptions. Hospital managers and stakeholders may need to consider patient's gender, as a significant factor that is associated with patient experiences, when embarking on improving foodservice systems.

目的:本文提出了一个解释性的数据分析,从上级研究,旨在确定餐饮服务满意度。本文的目的是确定住院病人的医院餐饮服务体验。设计/方法/方法:作者使用了从419名受访者中获得的二手数据:225名(53.70%)男性,178名(42.48%)女性和16名(3.82%)未公开)参与者。采用比较,定量和横断面的方法来提供对医院餐饮服务经验的见解。使用误差率为0.05的Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney检验来比较男性和女性患者的经历。研究结果:男性患者在几乎所有项目上的排名和得分都明显高于女性患者(原创性/价值:这是南非第一个比较女性和男性住院患者餐饮服务观念的研究。在着手改善餐饮服务系统时,医院管理者和利益相关者可能需要考虑患者的性别,这是与患者体验相关的一个重要因素。
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引用次数: 2
Customized patient clothing and patient satisfaction. 定制患者服装和患者满意度。
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-04-15 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-02-2018-0047

Purpose: To respect the patients' physical privacy, they should be provided with proper clothing that prevents the exposure of unnecessary parts of the body. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate patient satisfaction upon wearing customized, high-coverage, procedure-specific dresses.

Design/methodology/approach: New designs of clothing adapted for different kinds of procedures, and offering a good coverage of the body and easy access to the required parts were compared with regular patient clothing. Patients from six different wards of a university hospital filled out a questionnaire inquiring about general and demographic variables, and patient satisfaction was evaluated based on six main features of the clothing design. p<0.005 was considered as the level of statistical significance.

Findings: Overall, 256 patients were entered into the regular-design and new-design groups (n=128 in each). In Group 1 (regular design), the rate of dissatisfaction was about 98, 84, 84, 78, 77 and 38 percent for ease of wearing, comfort, design, material, coverage level and size, respectively. In Group 2 (new design), the highest satisfaction rates were associated with ease of wearing, size, coverage level, material, design and comfort as 93.7, 91.4, 89.9, 87.1, 86, and 80.5 percent, respectively.

Originality/value: The present study is the first to investigate customized patient clothing and demonstrated that these clothes can improve the patients' satisfaction in terms of coverage, comfort, design and size.

目的:为尊重患者的身体隐私,应为患者提供适当的服装,防止不必要的身体部位暴露。本文的目的是评估患者对穿着定制的、高覆盖率的、特定手术的服装的满意度。设计/方法/方法:与常规患者服装相比,新设计的服装适合不同类型的手术,并提供良好的身体覆盖和容易接触所需部位。来自某大学医院六个不同病房的患者填写了一份问卷,询问一般变量和人口变量,并根据服装设计的六个主要特征评估患者满意度。结果:总的来说,256名患者被分为常规设计组和新设计组(n=128)。在第1组(常规设计)中,不满意率分别为98.8%、84%、84%、78%、77%和38%,分别是穿着的便利性、舒适度、设计、材料、覆盖水平和尺寸。在第二组(新设计)中,最高的满意率与穿着的便利性、尺寸、覆盖水平、材料、设计和舒适度相关,分别为93.7%、91.4%、89.9、87.1、86%和80.5%。原创性/价值:本研究首次对定制患者服装进行调查,并证明定制患者服装在覆盖率、舒适度、设计和尺寸方面可以提高患者满意度。
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引用次数: 2
Tracking resident pre-rounding electronic health record usage. 跟踪居民舍入前电子健康记录的使用情况。
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-04-15 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-06-2018-0137

Purpose: Residents collect information from the electronic health record (EHR) to present during rounds, but this crucial process is understudied. The purpose of this paper is to examine the feasibility of utilizing an EHR embedded time-tracking software to quantify resident pre-round EHR activity and how patient acuity impacts this activity.

Design/methodology/approach: This was a retrospective observational study that quantified resident EHR activities (total time spent, tasks performed and patient encounters accessed) during pre-rounds on their pediatric intensive care unit rotation between May 2016 and December 2016. Patient encounters were reviewed to determine resident ownership and critical care resources provided.

Findings: Allo 21 eligible participants were included. In total, 907 patient encounters were included to evaluate patient acuity impact. EHR usage per patient encounter (median in minutes (25th, 75th percentile)) was significantly affected by the critical care resources utilized. Total EHR time: both ventilator and vasoactive support (10.54 (6.68, 17.19)); neither ventilator nor vasoactive support (8.23 (5.07, 12.72)); invasive/noninvasive ventilator support (8.74 (5.69, 13.2)); and vasoactive support (10.37 (7.72, 11.65)), p<0.001. Chart review, order entry and documentation EHR times demonstrated similar trends.

Practical implications: Residents spend more time utilizing the EHR to collect data on patients who require significant critical care resources. This information can be useful to determine optimal resident to patient workload. Future research is required to assess this EHR tool's ability to contribute to physician workflow study.

Originality/value: EHR embedded time-tracking software can offer insights into resident workflow.

目的:住院医师从电子健康记录(EHR)中收集信息以在查房时呈现,但这一关键过程尚未得到充分研究。本文的目的是研究利用EHR嵌入式时间跟踪软件来量化住院医师前轮EHR活动的可行性,以及患者的锐度如何影响这种活动。设计/方法/方法:这是一项回顾性观察性研究,量化了2016年5月至2016年12月儿科重症监护病房轮转前的住院医师电子病历活动(花费的总时间、完成的任务和接触的患者)。对患者就诊情况进行审查,以确定住院医师的所有权和提供的重症监护资源。结果:纳入了21名符合条件的受试者。共纳入907例患者就诊以评估患者的视力影响。每次患者就诊的电子病历使用率(分钟中位数(25、75百分位数))受到重症监护资源利用的显著影响。EHR总时间:呼吸机和血管活性支持(10.54 (6.68,17.19));无呼吸机或血管活性支持(8.23 (5.07,12.72));有创/无创呼吸机支持(8.74 (5.69,13.2));和血管活性支持(10.37(7.72,11.65))),实际意义:住院医师花费更多时间利用电子病历收集需要重要重症护理资源的患者的数据。这些信息对于确定最佳住院医师对患者的工作量是有用的。未来的研究需要评估这种电子病历工具对医生工作流程研究的贡献能力。原创性/价值:EHR嵌入式时间跟踪软件可以深入了解住院医师的工作流程。
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引用次数: 4
Greek hospital environments. 希腊的医院环境。
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-04-15 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-05-2018-0102

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is three-fold: first, to assess nurse satisfaction levels with working environment (known as favourability) in five Greek public hospitals using the practice environment scale (PES); second, to compare perceptions among nurses employed in surgical and medical departments; and third, to examine relationships between perceptions and nurse educational level and experience.

Design/methodology/approach: In total, 532 nurses from five major public hospitals in Greece completed the PES. Descriptive statistics, t-tests and Spearman correlations were employed to analyse the data.

Findings: Nurses perceived their work settings as unfavourable in all five hospitals, with collegial nurse-physician relations emerging as the only positive factor. Compared to medical wards, surgical departments emerged as slightly more positive working environments. Work department notwithstanding, in some cases, education and experience levels affected their perceptions on management, poor care quality, limited nurse involvement in hospital affairs and nursing shortage.

Practical implications: Hospital managers do not provide sufficient support for Greek nurses in their working environments.

Originality/value: The authors attempted to evaluate nursing practice environments in Greek hospitals, viewed from nurse perspectives. The authors identified insufficient support for nurses' working in these hospitals.

目的:本文的目的有三个方面:首先,利用实践环境量表(PES)评估希腊五家公立医院的护士对工作环境的满意度(称为有利性);第二,比较外科和内科护士的认知;第三,检验观念与护士教育水平和经验之间的关系。设计/方法/方法:来自希腊五家主要公立医院的532名护士共完成了PES。采用描述性统计、t检验和Spearman相关性对数据进行分析。研究结果:在所有五家医院中,护士认为他们的工作环境是不利的,而学院护士-医生关系是唯一的积极因素。与内科病房相比,外科病房的工作环境略显积极。尽管是工作部门,但在某些情况下,教育和经验水平影响了他们对管理的看法、护理质量差、护士对医院事务的参与有限以及护士短缺。实际意义:医院管理人员不提供足够的支持希腊护士在他们的工作环境。原创性/价值:作者试图从护士的角度评估希腊医院的护理实践环境。作者发现,这些医院对护士工作的支持不足。
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引用次数: 0
Conflict and conflict management in hospitals. 医院的冲突和冲突管理。
IF 1.5 Q4 HEALTH POLICY & SERVICES Pub Date : 2019-04-15 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-09-2017-0165

Purpose: Hospitals are complex and complicated organizations and are prone to the conflict. The purpose of this paper is to identify the intensity and type of conflict experienced by hospital managers and explore their conflict management strategies in hospitals affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

Design/methodology/approach: This quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from top, middle and front line managers. In total, 563 managers from 14 hospitals responded to the questionnaires. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 19.

Findings: Hospital managers reported average level of conflict (2.73 score out of 5). Organizational factors produced more conflict for managers than personal factors. High workload, resource shortage, bureaucracy and differences in managers' personality, knowledge, capabilities and skills were the main causes of organizational and personal conflict. Top managers experienced more conflict than middle and front line managers. Conflict was higher in specialized hospitals compared to general hospitals. Less conflict was observed in administrative and support departments than diagnostic and therapeutic departments. Conflict was meaningfully associated with management level, education, size of hospital, number of employees and willingness to leave the hospital. The dominant conflict management style of managers was collaborating. There were significant relationships between collaborating style and management level, manager's age, work experience and management experience.

Practical implications: The nature of hospitals requires that managers use collaborating, compromising and accommodating styles to interact better with different stakeholders. Managers by acquiring necessary training and using the right conflict resolution strategies should keep the conflict in a constructive level in hospitals.

Originality/value: This is the first study conducted in Iran examining the level of conflict, its types and identifying managers' dominant conflict resolution strategies at front line, middle and top management levels.

目的:医院是一个复杂复杂的组织,容易发生冲突。本文的目的是确定医院管理者所经历的冲突的强度和类型,并探讨他们在德黑兰医科大学附属医院的冲突管理策略。设计/方法/方法:这项定量、描述性和横断面研究于2015年进行。采用自填问卷的方式,从高层、中层和一线管理人员中收集数据。共有来自14家医院的563名管理人员回复了问卷。数据分析采用SPSS 19版软件。研究结果:医院管理者报告的冲突平均水平(2.73分,满分5分)。组织因素比个人因素对管理者产生的冲突更多。高工作量、资源短缺、官僚主义以及管理者性格、知识、能力和技能的差异是组织和个人冲突的主要原因。高层管理者比中层和一线管理者经历了更多的冲突。专科医院的冲突高于综合医院。行政和支持部门的冲突少于诊断和治疗部门。冲突与管理水平、受教育程度、医院规模、员工人数和离职意愿有显著相关。管理者的主要冲突管理方式是合作。合作方式与管理层级、管理者年龄、工作经验、管理经验有显著相关。实际影响:医院的性质要求管理者采用协作、妥协和适应的方式与不同的利益相关者更好地互动。管理人员通过获得必要的培训和使用正确的冲突解决策略,应使医院的冲突保持在建设性的水平。原创性/价值:这是在伊朗进行的第一项研究,研究了冲突的水平、类型,并确定了一线、中层和高层管理人员的主要冲突解决策略。
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引用次数: 5
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE QUALITY ASSURANCE
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