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The Influence of Economic Perception on the Adoption of App-based Financial Transactions: A Study Among the Young Population in India 经济认知对采用基于app的金融交易的影响:一项针对印度年轻人的研究
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-11-09 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231197719
Dona Ghosh, Sahana Roy Chowdhury, Apoorva M
Various sectors have been undergoing major changes due to digitalisation. Among these sectors, the finance sector is one which is largely affected due to online banking, cash to cashless, and so on, and digital finance instruments in India have witnessed a revolutionary change over the last decade. By financial instrument, we refer to the various digital financial apps which are used for online cashless transactions such as Paytm, Google Pay, Amazon Pay, PayZapp and so on. The primary emphasis of this research is on the wide range of digital financial instruments and their subsequent adoption in India, based on a survey conducted on 600 individuals (young) from July to October 2021. The study will offer brief discussions of the advantages of utilising these instruments, the challenges of using these instruments, other variables that are keeping individuals from using these apps, and so on. Questionnaire distribution and collection is the major data-gathering approach used to learn about people’s views on these financial products. Attitude, perception and social norms are briefly reviewed and analysed as they pertain to the individual’s decision and intention to utilise digital apps. Following the expected utility theory people are rational, and we find evidence that during economic crises economic entities behave differently and economic incentives may not often work if they have a strong negative perception of the economy. Our result strengthens these arguments, it reveals that economic perception considerably moderated the connection between perceived usefulness and mobile apps for money transactions (MAMT) use implying that economic perception strengthens the impact of the independent variable. On the other hand, the result shows that economic perception significantly weakens the impact of social influence on the usage of MAMT. However, the perceived economic crisis has no moderating impact on the relationship between perceived ease of use and usage of MAMT. This has something to do with innovation, and creating intrinsic product or service-based value addition that hardly changes with the economy’s perception—whether it is in crisis or a business-as-usual. The present study in the Indian context contrasts with most of the literature that concludes based on pre-COVID scenarios, and, thus, has wider business implications in the new-normal world. Mobile app developers now should emphasise factors while optimising and designing their pricing and promotional strategies.
由于数字化,各个行业都在经历重大变化。在这些行业中,金融行业是受网上银行、现金到无现金等影响最大的行业之一,印度的数字金融工具在过去十年中发生了革命性的变化。金融工具指的是各种用于在线无现金交易的数字金融应用程序,如Paytm、Google Pay、Amazon Pay、PayZapp等。根据2021年7月至10月对600名个人(年轻人)进行的一项调查,本研究的主要重点是印度广泛的数字金融工具及其随后的采用。该研究将简要讨论使用这些工具的优势,使用这些工具的挑战,阻止个人使用这些应用程序的其他变量,等等。问卷的发放和收集是主要的数据收集方法,用来了解人们对这些金融产品的看法。态度,看法和社会规范简要回顾和分析,因为他们涉及到个人的决定和意图利用数字应用程序。根据预期效用理论,人们是理性的,我们发现有证据表明,在经济危机期间,经济实体的行为不同,如果他们对经济有强烈的负面看法,经济激励可能往往不起作用。我们的结果加强了这些论点,它揭示了经济感知显著地调节了感知有用性与移动货币交易应用程序(MAMT)使用之间的联系,这意味着经济感知增强了自变量的影响。另一方面,经济认知显著削弱了社会影响对MAMT使用的影响。然而,感知到的经济危机对感知易用性和MAMT使用之间的关系没有调节作用。这与创新有关,创造内在产品或基于服务的增值几乎不会随着经济的感知而改变——无论是在危机中还是一切照旧。目前在印度背景下的研究与大多数基于新冠肺炎前情景的文献形成鲜明对比,因此在新常态下具有更广泛的商业影响。手机应用开发者现在应该在优化和设计定价和促销策略时强调这些因素。
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引用次数: 0
Consumers’ Legal Claims: Motives, Expectations and the Complaint Journey of Indian Consumers 消费者的法律诉求:动机、期望与印度消费者的投诉之旅
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231196631
Swapan Deep Arora, Anirban Chakraborty, Vijay Pal Singh
While consumer complaining behaviour (CCB) has seen phenomenal scholarly interest, its effortful facets, such as complaints to regulators or the legal system, remain under investigated. Viewing complaints as deeper patterns of systemic malaise, this study has explored consumers’ legal claims from the perspective of individual complainers. Relying on informants’ lived experiences explicated through semi-structured interviews and a blend of inductive and deductive inferencing, a complaint journey framework based on the dispute tree paradigm was charted. The study’s findings map relevant complaint antecedent and exacerbator themes to the formative stages of naming, claiming, blaming and disputing and visualize consumer problems as they reach the law after germinating through these stages. The work contributes to theory and practice by broadening the understanding of CCB motives, emphasizing the role of emotions, identifying consumers’ recovery expectations and revealing legal action as a blend of agentic choice and structural necessity. In delineating the individual vigilant consumers’ role in shaping the consumer protection framework into motion and their experience of legality, we also raise the need for policy refinements.
虽然消费者投诉行为(CCB)已经引起了巨大的学术兴趣,但其努力的方面,如对监管机构或法律系统的投诉,仍在调查中。本研究将投诉视为系统性疾病的深层模式,从投诉者个人的角度探讨消费者的法律诉求。依靠通过半结构化访谈和归纳和演绎推理的结合阐述的举报人的生活经验,绘制了基于争议树范式的投诉旅程框架。该研究的发现将相关的投诉的先决条件和加剧因素映射到命名、声称、指责和争论的形成阶段,并将消费者问题在这些阶段萌芽后达到法律的过程可视化。该研究拓宽了对建行动机的理解,强调了情感的作用,确定了消费者的恢复预期,揭示了法律行动是代理选择和结构必要性的结合,对理论和实践都有贡献。在描述个人警惕的消费者在塑造消费者保护框架付诸行动中的作用以及他们的合法性经验时,我们也提出了完善政策的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Monetary Policy and Exchange Rate in a Large Emerging Economy 大型新兴经济体的货币政策与汇率
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231198659
Mansor H. Ibrahim, Raditya Sukmana
This article examines the causal relation between monetary policy and an exchange rate for a large emerging economy, Indonesia. In the analysis, we employ a vector autoregressive (VAR) model comprising of the rupiah exchange rate, monetary policy variable (interest rate or interest rate differential) and inflation rate and use monthly data after the global financial crisis from 2009 to 2022. Our baseline result suggests that the rupiah exchange rate appreciates following monetary policy tightening. We note further that the appreciating effect of monetary policy is more apparent when the interest rate differential is used as an indicator of monetary policy and is robust to the addition of the fourth variable (alternatively the US inflation, market uncertainty and oil price) in the VAR framework. These results likely reflect the importance of central bank independence and inflation-targeting framework in enhancing the credibility of Indonesia’s monetary policy.
本文考察了一个大型新兴经济体印度尼西亚的货币政策和汇率之间的因果关系。在分析中,我们采用向量自回归(VAR)模型,该模型由印尼盾汇率、货币政策变量(利率或利差)和通货膨胀率组成,并使用2009年至2022年全球金融危机后的月度数据。我们的基准结果表明,货币政策收紧后,印尼盾汇率升值。我们进一步注意到,当利率差异被用作货币政策的指标时,货币政策的升值效应更加明显,并且对VAR框架中第四个变量(或者是美国通胀、市场不确定性和油价)的添加具有鲁棒性。这些结果可能反映了央行独立性和通胀目标框架在提高印尼货币政策可信度方面的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Role of Board Composition Index in Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Disclosure: Evidence From United States 董事会构成指数在企业社会责任披露中的作用:来自美国的证据
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231199304
Kamran Mohy-ud-Din
Corporate directors play a crucial role in meeting the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting obligation. Thus, how to promote CSR practices through MNCs has attracted the attention of scholars. This study aims to investigate the impact of the board composition index on CSR disclosure in the context of the United States. In addition, the study examines whether board characteristics (board size, board diligence, board duality and board independence) impact CSR disclosure. Panel data for S&P 1500 index firms were collected from the data stream portal. The current study employed a sample of 286 US firms from 2010 to 2020. To achieve the research objectives, the current study develops an index score very first time for board composition. A panel regression model with fixed and random effects was employed to estimate the proposed hypotheses. In addition, the problem of endogeneity was resolved through the dynamic GMM model. The results of the study revealed that the board composition index has a significant impact on the disclosure of CSR information. Moreover, higher board diligence and independence in US corporates enhance CSR disclosure. However, board duality and the size of the board room negatively and significantly impact CSR. US policymakers and legislators make reforms in composition and structure to build stakeholders’ interest. In addition, no study combined such corporate board variables to address CSR in developed countries. The findings of the study are consistent with both institutional and stakeholder theory.
公司董事在履行企业社会责任报告义务方面发挥着至关重要的作用。因此,如何通过跨国公司推动企业社会责任实践成为学者们关注的焦点。本研究旨在探讨美国背景下董事会构成指数对企业社会责任披露的影响。此外,研究还考察了董事会特征(董事会规模、董事会尽职、董事会二元性和董事会独立性)是否会影响企业社会责任披露。标准普尔1500指数公司的面板数据是从数据流门户网站收集的。目前的研究从2010年到2020年对286家美国公司进行了抽样调查。为了达到研究目的,本研究首次为董事会构成编制了一个指数分数。采用具有固定效应和随机效应的面板回归模型来估计所提出的假设。此外,通过动态GMM模型解决了内生性问题。研究结果表明,董事会构成指数对企业社会责任信息披露具有显著影响。此外,美国公司董事会的尽职率和独立性较高,这也加强了企业社会责任的披露。然而,董事会二元性和董事会会议室规模对企业社会责任有显著负向影响。美国的政策制定者和立法者在组成和结构上进行改革,以建立利益相关者的利益。此外,没有研究将这些公司董事会变量结合起来解决发达国家的企业社会责任问题。研究结果与制度理论和利益相关者理论相一致。
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引用次数: 0
GCC Banking Companies Risk Management Practices and its Impact on Their Financial Performance 海湾合作委员会银行公司风险管理实践及其对财务绩效的影响
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-29 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231197718
Hussain Alali, Ayman E. Haddad
This article aims to explore the risk management practices (RMPs) of Islamic banks (IBs) and conventional banks (CBs) in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). It assesses the different phases of RMP, including risk understanding; risk identification; risk assessment and analysis; and risk monitoring. This study conducts a structured survey questionnaire to assess the RMP in both types of banks. We find that both types of banks rank the importance of RMP above the mid-point of the 5-point Likert scale. Using t-test analysis, we find no significant difference in RMP between both types of banks, except for understanding risk practice phase. Managers of CBs have a better understanding of risk management (RM) than IBs. We also examine the impact of RMP on banks’ financial performance. The average return on Assets (ROA) and the average return on equity (ROE) over the years (2010–2017) are used as a proxy for financial performance. Applying robust White regression OLS, we find a significant impact on financial performance measures only for IBs. We refer to the fact that IBs follow the equity approach based on risk-sharing with their clients (depositors and investors). The regulatory authorities may find this study useful in enticing banks to implement the best RMP and so improve banks’ performance.
本文旨在探讨海湾合作委员会(GCC)中伊斯兰银行(ib)和传统银行(CBs)的风险管理实践(RMPs)。它评估了风险管理方案的不同阶段,包括风险理解;风险识别;风险评估与分析;以及风险监控。本研究采用结构化调查问卷对两类银行的RMP进行评估。我们发现,两种类型的银行都将RMP的重要性排在5点李克特量表的中点以上。通过t检验分析,我们发现除了对风险实践阶段的理解外,两类银行的RMP没有显著差异。商业银行的管理者比商业银行更了解风险管理(RM)。我们还研究了RMP对银行财务绩效的影响。使用历年(2010-2017年)的平均资产收益率(ROA)和平均股本收益率(ROE)作为财务绩效的代理。应用稳健的White回归OLS,我们发现仅对ib的财务绩效指标有显著影响。我们指的是这样一个事实,即ib遵循基于与客户(存款人和投资者)分担风险的股权方法。监管当局可能会发现这项研究有助于吸引银行实施最佳的RMP,从而提高银行的绩效。
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引用次数: 0
Determinants of Cross-border Acquisition Completion: A Study of Acquisitions by Indian Firms 跨国收购完成的决定因素:对印度公司收购的研究
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-18 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231199301
Sugandh Ahuja, Shveta Singh, Surendra Singh Yadav
While cross-border acquisitions by emerging economies are increasing over time, a significant percentage of deals are withdrawn before completion. By integrating the ‘organizational learning lens perspective’ with the ‘signalling lens perspective’, this study aims to investigate deal-specific, firm-specific and country-specific factors that can increase the likelihood of deal completion. The analysis is based on 16 years of data from a prominent emerging economy: India, from 2005 to 2021. A binary logistic regression model is used to understand the determinants of deal completion. Additionally, standard event study methodology is deployed for a particular firm-specific determinant (market reaction to deal announcement) to develop a proxy for the variable. Our findings indicate that factors which enhance learning during the acquisition process and communicate strong and positive signals to build trust between the acquirer and target positively impact the completion of announced acquisitions. Specifically, we report that acquisitions using cash as the payment method and those that receive positive market reactions at the time of acquisition announcement exhibit a higher likelihood of completion. In contrast, the prior failure experience of the acquirer has a detrimental impact on the likelihood of deal completion. The empirical results have important implications for improving the success of cross-border deals from emerging nations.
随着时间的推移,新兴经济体的跨境收购正在增加,但很大比例的交易在完成之前就被撤回了。通过整合“组织学习视角”和“信号视角”,本研究旨在调查能够增加交易完成可能性的交易特定因素、公司特定因素和国家特定因素。该分析基于印度这一重要新兴经济体2005年至2021年16年的数据。二元逻辑回归模型用于理解交易完成的决定因素。此外,标准事件研究方法被用于特定公司特定的决定因素(市场对交易公告的反应),以开发变量的代理。我们的研究结果表明,在收购过程中加强学习的因素,以及在收购方和目标方之间传递强有力的积极信号以建立信任的因素,对已宣布的收购的完成具有积极的影响。具体来说,我们报告使用现金作为支付方式的收购以及在收购公告时获得积极市场反应的收购表现出更高的完成可能性。相反,收购方之前的失败经历对交易完成的可能性有不利影响。实证结果对提高新兴国家跨境交易的成功率具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Profitability–Stability Nexus in Commercial Banks: Evidence from BRICS 商业银行的盈利能力-稳定性关系:来自金砖国家的证据
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-16 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231184765
Anjali Sain, Smita Kashiramka
The financial stability of the banking sector is a prerequisite for a thriving and stable economy. Against this backdrop, this article investigates the relationship between bank profitability and the financial stability of the banks by explicitly capturing the role of bank size, institutional quality and market concentration. A sample of 776 banks operating in Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa over the period 2005–2020 are examined using panel regression and System GMM. Our findings support this axiom, and we conclude that bank profitability plays a critical role in determining the stability of the financial system. Our results are consistent across alternate measures of stability (VaR and ∇CoVaR), albeit insignificant. Furthermore, the results support the existence of the concentration–stability hypothesis in the banking industry of BRICS nations. The findings also indicate that non-interest income and NPA have a negative impact on stability, whereas institutional quality plays a significant role in maintaining the stability of the banking industry in these emerging economies. This article tries to provide empirical research investigating the association of the financial stability of banks with profitability, non-interest income ratio, market concentration and institutional quality.
银行业的金融稳定是经济繁荣稳定的先决条件。在此背景下,本文通过明确捕获银行规模、机构质量和市场集中度的作用来研究银行盈利能力与银行金融稳定性之间的关系。利用面板回归和系统GMM对2005-2020年期间在巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非经营的776家银行进行了抽样研究。我们的研究结果支持这一公理,我们得出结论,银行盈利能力在决定金融体系的稳定性方面起着关键作用。我们的结果在其他稳定性度量(VaR和∇CoVaR)中是一致的,尽管不显著。此外,研究结果支持了金砖国家银行业集中度-稳定性假设的存在。研究结果还表明,非利息收入和不良资产回报率对银行业的稳定性有负面影响,而在这些新兴经济体中,制度质量在维持银行业稳定方面发挥着重要作用。本文试图对银行财务稳定性与盈利能力、非利息收入比率、市场集中度和制度质量之间的关系进行实证研究。
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引用次数: 0
Adventure Tourism: Behavioural Drivers to Visit and Spread Word of Mouth with Perceived Risk as Moderator 探险旅游:以感知风险为调节因子的旅游和口碑传播行为驱动因素
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-13 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231202000
Sriram Soundararajan, Upasana Singh, Mudit Gera
The main purpose of this research is a study which examines the effects of involvement in adventure tourism, positive attitude towards adventure tourism, and destination image on intention to visit adventurous destinations and word-of-mouth intention by developing and testing a conceptual framework. Moreover, since adventure tourism is characterized by a high degree of risk, perceived risk is included as a moderator in the aforementioned relationships. There is a paucity of research conducted in the adventure tourism area to investigate what drives Indian tourists to indulge in adventure tourism. A survey is conducted on 500 respondents in the present article, wherein the results show that involvement, attitude and destination image affect tourist behaviour positively. Contrary to the general consensus, perceived risk is found to positively moderate some of these aforementioned relationships. The key implication of the study shows that adventure tourism marketers and service providers must focus on the tourist behavioural intention. A high-risk adventure tourism destination could drive many tourists towards it. Recommendations are proposed along with the future areas of research in this study.
本研究的主要目的是通过开发和测试一个概念框架,探讨参与冒险旅游、对冒险旅游的积极态度和目的地形象对冒险目的地访问意愿和口碑意愿的影响。此外,由于探险旅游具有高度风险的特点,因此在上述关系中,感知风险被视为调节因子。在探险旅游领域进行的研究很少,调查是什么驱使印度游客沉迷于探险旅游。本文对500名受访者进行了调查,结果表明,参与、态度和目的地形象对游客行为有积极影响。与普遍的共识相反,感知风险被发现积极地缓和了上述一些关系。本研究的主要启示是,探险旅游营销人员和服务提供者必须关注游客的行为意向。一个高风险的探险旅游目的地可能会吸引许多游客。本研究对未来的研究方向提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Herding Behaviour in ESG Stock Index: Evidence from Emerging Markets ESG股票指数中的羊群行为:来自新兴市场的证据
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231199300
Nevi Danila
This article studies the herding behaviour of environmental, social and governance stock indices in the emerging market based on International Monetary Fund emerging market criteria. We use the daily data as a sample. Cross-sectional absolute deviation is employed to identify the herding behaviour of the investors. The findings report that all the indices do not exhibit herding behaviour, even under the upwards and downwards episodes of the market. When oil price and implied volatility are included in the model, the herding only existed in some samples, such as Egypt and India, during upwards oil price fluctuation and implied volatility, respectively. Meanwhile, Brazil, China and Taiwan also show evidence of herding behaviour during downwards oil price fluctuation. It is due to the large size of the companies with solid governance norm included in the indices, and the information on the companies are widely available. It gives the implication that the investors do not rely on others in the investment decision.
本文基于国际货币基金组织新兴市场标准,研究了新兴市场环境、社会和治理股票指数的羊群行为。我们用每天的数据作为样本。采用横截面绝对偏差来识别投资者的羊群行为。研究结果表明,所有指数都没有表现出羊群行为,即使在市场上涨和下跌时期也是如此。当模型中包含油价和隐含波动率时,羊群效应仅在埃及和印度等部分样本中存在,油价波动和隐含波动率分别为上行。与此同时,巴西、中国大陆和台湾也显示出在油价下行波动期间羊群行为的证据。这是因为纳入指数的公司规模大,公司治理规范扎实,而且公司信息广泛。它暗示投资者在投资决策中不依赖他人。
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引用次数: 0
A Mediated Moderation Model of Destination Social Responsibility and Residents’ Support for Tourism Development in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯目的地社会责任与居民对旅游发展支持的中介调节模型
Q3 BUSINESS Pub Date : 2023-10-10 DOI: 10.1177/09721509231195994
Mohammed Alawi Al-sakkaf, Zurina Mohaidin, Mohsen Ali Murshid, Mohammed Basendwah, Saleh Amarneh
Based on stakeholder and social exchange theories, support for tourism development is strongly influenced by destination social responsibility (DSR). Despite the grand intentions, DSR is still being sparingly employed by Saudi destination management, probably because its effects on tourism impacts (economic, socio-cultural and environmental) are still unknown. In the context of Saudi Arabia, this study sought to provide an empirical examination of the relationship between DSR and tourism impacts, which in turn influenced residents’ support for tourism development. The study sample consisted of 452 residents gathered from three main destinations in Saudi Arabia. PLS-SEM was used to analyse the data and test hypotheses. The results indicated a positive relationship between DSR and tourism impacts such as economic, socio-cultural and environmental. Another notable finding was that two tourism impacts mediate the relationship between DSR and support for tourism development. Furthermore, community participation had a statistically significant positive moderating effect on DSR perceptions and support for tourism development. The moderation effect of community participation on this relationship was found to be a theoretical contribution to this study.
基于利益相关者和社会交换理论,目的地社会责任对旅游发展支持具有重要影响。尽管有着宏伟的意图,但沙特旅游目的地管理部门仍然很少使用DSR,可能是因为它对旅游影响(经济、社会文化和环境)的影响尚不清楚。在沙特阿拉伯的背景下,本研究试图对DSR与旅游影响之间的关系进行实证检验,进而影响居民对旅游发展的支持。研究样本包括来自沙特阿拉伯三个主要目的地的452名居民。利用PLS-SEM对数据进行分析和假设检验。结果表明,DSR与旅游的经济、社会文化和环境影响呈正相关。另一个值得注意的发现是,两个旅游影响中介了DSR和旅游发展支持之间的关系。此外,社区参与对DSR感知和对旅游发展的支持具有统计学上显著的正向调节作用。社区参与对这种关系的调节作用是本研究的一个理论贡献。
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引用次数: 0
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Global Business Review
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