Mher Ghulinyan, Senior researcher at the Fondazione Bruno Kessler’s Centre for Sensors and Devices, tells us about the EPIQUS project and the creation of a cost-effective, user-friendly, and high-performance quantum simulator based on full integration of silicon nitride photonics with silicon electronics. A cornerstone for the future of experimentation, simulators allow real-world scenarios and conditions to be explored without the associated risks, costs, or time restrictions imposed by the real world. From transport to medicine, agriculture to finance, many sectors use simulators to approximate, predict and model real-world scenarios to test ideas, gather information, and refine operations. Integrating the nature and behaviour of matter and energy on atomic and subatomic scales creates a more authentic virtual world in which simulations can run following the rules of quantum mechanics to model new smart materials, predict chemical reactions, or solve high-energy physics problems. However, the ways to access quantum behaviours are often hampered by the need for complex conditions and costly solutions. The EPIQUS project, funded by the EU Horizon 2020 – Future Emerging Technologies initiative, is creating a lab-accessible and affordable quantum simulator (QS) operable at room temperature. Such a quantum simulator has the potential to provide many advantages, including supporting rapid and widespread innovation.
{"title":"A portable quantum simulator on a silicon chip","authors":"M. Ghulinyan","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11416","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Mher Ghulinyan, Senior researcher at the Fondazione Bruno Kessler’s Centre for Sensors and Devices, tells us about the EPIQUS project and the creation of a cost-effective, user-friendly, and high-performance quantum simulator based on full integration of silicon nitride photonics with silicon electronics. A cornerstone for the future of experimentation, simulators allow real-world scenarios and conditions to be explored without the associated risks, costs, or time restrictions imposed by the real world. From transport to medicine, agriculture to finance, many sectors use simulators to approximate, predict and model real-world scenarios to test ideas, gather information, and refine operations. Integrating the nature and behaviour of matter and energy on atomic and subatomic scales creates a more authentic virtual world in which simulations can run following the rules of quantum mechanics to model new smart materials, predict chemical reactions, or solve high-energy physics problems. However, the ways to access quantum behaviours are often hampered by the need for complex conditions and costly solutions. The EPIQUS project, funded by the EU Horizon 2020 – Future Emerging Technologies initiative, is creating a lab-accessible and affordable quantum simulator (QS) operable at room temperature. Such a quantum simulator has the potential to provide many advantages, including supporting rapid and widespread innovation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"123 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aedin Culhane and Mark Lawler, Co-Leads of the eHealth Hub for Cancer, reflect on their data-enabled cancer research journeys, how their collaborative team science approach has reaped significant dividends in cancer research and policy and how the hub is inducing a paradigm shift in how health data are deployed on the island of Ireland. An article in The Wall Street Journal (not the normal reading material for scientists) in 2011 highlighted a new approach to performing scientific research that was gaining significant credence at the time. Entitled ‘The New Einsteins Will Be Scientists Who Share’ (with the strapline ‘From cancer to cosmology, researchers could race ahead by working together – online and in the open’), the article presaged an unprecedented change in how scientists interact with each other, ushering in a culture of collaboration and cross-disciplinary research. Nowhere was this change more obvious than in the genomics and data science community, where a bottom-up movement led to the creation of the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH), bringing together researchers from around the world to work together to address some of human health’s greatest challenges through the deployment of data and data tools.
癌症电子健康中心（eHealth Hub for Cancer）的联合负责人艾丁-卡尔汉（Aedin Culhane）和马克-劳勒（Mark Lawler）回顾了他们的数据化癌症研究历程、他们的团队合作科学方法如何在癌症研究和政策方面收获了巨大红利，以及该中心如何促使爱尔兰岛上的健康数据部署方式发生范式转变。华尔街日报》（并非科学家的常规读物）2011 年的一篇文章强调了一种新的科学研究方法，这种方法在当时获得了极大的认可。这篇文章的标题是 "新的爱因斯坦将是分享的科学家"（副标题是 "从癌症到宇宙学，研究人员可以通过在线和开放式合作取得进步"），它预示着科学家之间的互动方式将发生前所未有的变化，并将迎来一种合作和跨学科研究的文化。这种变化在基因组学和数据科学界最为明显，一场自下而上的运动促成了全球基因组学与健康联盟（GA4GH）的成立，将世界各地的研究人员聚集在一起，通过部署数据和数据工具，共同应对人类健康面临的一些最大挑战。
{"title":"From selfish silo to collaborative culture – embracing data-enabled cancer research","authors":"Mark Lawler, Aedin C. Culhane","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11182","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Aedin Culhane and Mark Lawler, Co-Leads of the eHealth Hub for Cancer, reflect on their data-enabled cancer research journeys, how their collaborative team science approach has reaped significant dividends in cancer research and policy and how the hub is inducing a paradigm shift in how health data are deployed on the island of Ireland. An article in The Wall Street Journal (not the normal reading material for scientists) in 2011 highlighted a new approach to performing scientific research that was gaining significant credence at the time. Entitled ‘The New Einsteins Will Be Scientists Who Share’ (with the strapline ‘From cancer to cosmology, researchers could race ahead by working together – online and in the open’), the article presaged an unprecedented change in how scientists interact with each other, ushering in a culture of collaboration and cross-disciplinary research. Nowhere was this change more obvious than in the genomics and data science community, where a bottom-up movement led to the creation of the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH), bringing together researchers from around the world to work together to address some of human health’s greatest challenges through the deployment of data and data tools.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"25 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prof Felipe Prósper, Head of Department, and Dr Manuel Mazo, from the University of Navarra & Clínica Universidad de Navarra, shares his expertise in cardiovascular diseases, focusing on the work of the BRAV3 project, which includes research in cardiac regenerative medicine. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), that is, those affecting the heart and the blood vessels, account for almost half of deaths worldwide. Amongst them, cardiac ischemia, often termed myocardial infarction, is the leading single cause of death globally. The increase in population ageing, added to the normalisation of sedentary and unhealthy lifestyles, has turned this disease into a healthcare emergency. Patients who survive the acute insult are chained to lifelong medical oversight and multi-medication.
来自纳瓦拉大学和纳瓦拉大学诊所的系主任 Felipe Prósper 教授和 Manuel Mazo 博士分享了他在心血管疾病方面的专业知识，重点介绍了 BRAV3 项目的工作，其中包括心脏再生医学研究。心血管疾病（CVDs），即影响心脏和血管的疾病，几乎占全球死亡人数的一半。其中，心肌缺血（通常称为心肌梗塞）是全球最主要的单一死因。人口老龄化的加剧，加上久坐不动和不健康生活方式的常态化，已使这种疾病成为一种医疗急症。急性心肌梗死后存活下来的患者终生都要接受医疗监护和多种药物治疗。
{"title":"BRAV3 Project: Cardiac regenerative medicine","authors":"Felipe Prósper, M. Mazo","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11555","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Prof Felipe Prósper, Head of Department, and Dr Manuel Mazo, from the University of Navarra & Clínica Universidad de Navarra, shares his expertise in cardiovascular diseases, focusing on the work of the BRAV3 project, which includes research in cardiac regenerative medicine. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), that is, those affecting the heart and the blood vessels, account for almost half of deaths worldwide. Amongst them, cardiac ischemia, often termed myocardial infarction, is the leading single cause of death globally. The increase in population ageing, added to the normalisation of sedentary and unhealthy lifestyles, has turned this disease into a healthcare emergency. Patients who survive the acute insult are chained to lifelong medical oversight and multi-medication.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"85 19","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jens Ulrik Hogh and Stephan Wunderlich from the International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation (CIC) discuss public perceptions of trophy hunting. In 2021, the animal rights organization Humane Society International (HIS)— which is officially campaigning for a worldwide ban on ‘trophy hunting’— commissioned and funded a survey (conducted by Savanta) in five different countries (Denmark, Germany, Italy, Poland, and Spain) to understand what the public thinks about trophy hunting and the import of these trophies to Europe.
{"title":"Analyzing the rhetoric behind trophy hunting narratives","authors":"Stephan Wunderlich","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Jens Ulrik Hogh and Stephan Wunderlich from the International Council for Game and Wildlife Conservation (CIC) discuss public perceptions of trophy hunting. In 2021, the animal rights organization Humane Society International (HIS)— which is officially campaigning for a worldwide ban on ‘trophy hunting’— commissioned and funded a survey (conducted by Savanta) in five different countries (Denmark, Germany, Italy, Poland, and Spain) to understand what the public thinks about trophy hunting and the import of these trophies to Europe.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An optimal drug for chronic neurological disease would slow down disease progression in the long term, with short-term symptomatic benefits. This would shorten clinical development timelines and reduce the cost and risk level for drug developers. Henri Huttunen Chief Scientific Officer (CSO) at Herantis Pharma Plc explains. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), the development of motor symptoms is associated with the degeneration of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the midbrain. For decades, motor symptoms of PD have been treated with levodopa, a precursor of dopamine, which helps to replenish dopamine levels in brain areas coordinating movement. Levodopa is an example of a symptomatic treatment as it improves symptoms but does not interfere with the underlying causes or progression of the disease.
治疗慢性神经系统疾病的最佳药物将在长期内减缓疾病的发展，并在短期内改善症状。这将缩短临床开发时间，降低药物开发商的成本和风险水平。Herantis Pharma Plc 的首席科学官 Henri Huttunen 解释说。帕金森病（PD）运动症状的出现与中脑产生多巴胺的神经细胞变性有关。几十年来，帕金森病的运动症状一直是通过左旋多巴来治疗的，左旋多巴是多巴胺的前体，有助于补充大脑中协调运动区域的多巴胺水平。左旋多巴是对症治疗的一种，因为它可以改善症状，但不会影响疾病的根本原因或进展。
{"title":"Symptomatic vs. Disease-modifying treatments in neurological diseases: Where next?","authors":"Henri J. Huttunen","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11195","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 An optimal drug for chronic neurological disease would slow down disease progression in the long term, with short-term symptomatic benefits. This would shorten clinical development timelines and reduce the cost and risk level for drug developers. Henri Huttunen Chief Scientific Officer (CSO) at Herantis Pharma Plc explains. In Parkinson’s disease (PD), the development of motor symptoms is associated with the degeneration of dopamine-producing nerve cells in the midbrain. For decades, motor symptoms of PD have been treated with levodopa, a precursor of dopamine, which helps to replenish dopamine levels in brain areas coordinating movement. Levodopa is an example of a symptomatic treatment as it improves symptoms but does not interfere with the underlying causes or progression of the disease.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"123 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Geraldine Balzer, Associate Professor from the College of Education at the University of Saskatchewan, discusses the importance of decolonizing classrooms by telling stories about the world. Colonialism held great promise for the European world – access to land, resources, and wealth; for colonized peoples, it resulted in lost land, lost resources, enslavement, and poverty. The impacts of colonialism have shaped the 21st century through ongoing political conflicts, immigration and migration, and global climate change, forcing the Global North to face the resulting inequities and disrupt colonial structures perpetuating these inequities. One such societal structure, often seen as benign, is schooling. Kanu (2009) describes curriculum as a cultural practice that reinforces the hegemony of the existing political power structures, acting as an agent of the state as schools continue to:
萨斯喀彻温大学（University of Saskatchewan）教育学院副教授杰拉尔丁-巴尔泽（Geraldine Balzer）讨论了通过讲述世界故事来实现课堂非殖民化的重要性。殖民主义为欧洲世界带来了巨大的希望--获得土地、资源和财富；而对殖民地人民来说，殖民主义却导致了失去土地、失去资源、奴役和贫困。殖民主义的影响通过持续不断的政治冲突、移民和迁徙以及全球气候变化塑造了 21 世纪，迫使全球北方面对由此产生的不平等，并打破使这些不平等永久化的殖民结构。学校教育就是这样一种通常被视为良性的社会结构。卡努（Kanu，2009 年）将课程描述为一种文化实践，它强化了现有政治权力结构的霸权，是国家的代理人，因为学校仍在继续：
{"title":"Storying the world: Decolonizing classrooms","authors":"Geraldine Balzer","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11496","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Geraldine Balzer, Associate Professor from the College of Education at the University of Saskatchewan, discusses the importance of decolonizing classrooms by telling stories about the world. Colonialism held great promise for the European world – access to land, resources, and wealth; for colonized peoples, it resulted in lost land, lost resources, enslavement, and poverty. The impacts of colonialism have shaped the 21st century through ongoing political conflicts, immigration and migration, and global climate change, forcing the Global North to face the resulting inequities and disrupt colonial structures perpetuating these inequities. One such societal structure, often seen as benign, is schooling. Kanu (2009) describes curriculum as a cultural practice that reinforces the hegemony of the existing political power structures, acting as an agent of the state as schools continue to:\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":" 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aiden Niblett, Jean Pfau, and Kinta Serve focus on asbestos-induced autoantibodies across different demographics in Libby. They emphasize the importance of understanding the impact of asbestos. Asbestos is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral that has been used in construction due to its tensile strength and heat resistance. However, its small size and rigid shape allow it to enter deep into the respiratory tract upon inhalation, and exposures have been linked to serious lung diseases like pulmonary fibrosis and cancers. (1) The town of Libby, Montana, has a history of asbestos exposure due to a local vermiculite mine that operated from 1920-1990. Vermiculite mined from Libby and sold in products such as Zonolite Attic Insulation was found to be contaminated with Libby Amphibole (LA) asbestos, a unique mix of tremolite, winchite, and richterite fibers that is associated with severe lung diseases. (2)
{"title":"Asbestos-induced autoantibodies across Libby demographics","authors":"Jean C Pfau, Aiden Niblett, Kinta M Serve","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11274","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Aiden Niblett, Jean Pfau, and Kinta Serve focus on asbestos-induced autoantibodies across different demographics in Libby. They emphasize the importance of understanding the impact of asbestos. Asbestos is a naturally occurring fibrous silicate mineral that has been used in construction due to its tensile strength and heat resistance. However, its small size and rigid shape allow it to enter deep into the respiratory tract upon inhalation, and exposures have been linked to serious lung diseases like pulmonary fibrosis and cancers. (1) The town of Libby, Montana, has a history of asbestos exposure due to a local vermiculite mine that operated from 1920-1990. Vermiculite mined from Libby and sold in products such as Zonolite Attic Insulation was found to be contaminated with Libby Amphibole (LA) asbestos, a unique mix of tremolite, winchite, and richterite fibers that is associated with severe lung diseases. (2)\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"103 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Julie Blaising, Discovery Project Leader in Immunology at F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, tells us why protein kinases are an effective target for treating many chronic inflammatory disorders. Kinases are enzymes responsible for protein phosphorylation. The human kinome consists of about 518 protein kinases and is classified according to the amino acid residue that it phosphorylates. (1) Kinases are expressed in many cell types and are involved in cell signaling, which leads to key physiological processes such as cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, and regulation of immune responses. (1, 2) Due to their central role in cellular processes, they are also associated with many diseases.
{"title":"Protein kinases for combating inflammatory disease","authors":"J. Blaising","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11209","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Julie Blaising, Discovery Project Leader in Immunology at F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, tells us why protein kinases are an effective target for treating many chronic inflammatory disorders. Kinases are enzymes responsible for protein phosphorylation. The human kinome consists of about 518 protein kinases and is classified according to the amino acid residue that it phosphorylates. (1) Kinases are expressed in many cell types and are involved in cell signaling, which leads to key physiological processes such as cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, and regulation of immune responses. (1, 2) Due to their central role in cellular processes, they are also associated with many diseases.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":" December","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141670046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Professor Mark Boyes, Curtin enAble Institute, spotlights mental health in the context of language and literacy difficulties, including the urgent need for accessible mental health interventions. Both oral (spoken) and written (reading, writing) language are crucial for success in educational and social contexts. Up to 15% of children experience significant and persistent difficulties with oral and written language, representing approximately four children in a typical Australian classroom. These children are at substantially elevated risk of mental health problems, are overrepresented in our justice systems, and are more likely to develop suicidal thoughts and behaviours than children who do not experience language difficulties.
{"title":"Supporting the mental health needs of children with language and literacy difficulties","authors":"Mark Boyes","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11486","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Professor Mark Boyes, Curtin enAble Institute, spotlights mental health in the context of language and literacy difficulties, including the urgent need for accessible mental health interventions. Both oral (spoken) and written (reading, writing) language are crucial for success in educational and social contexts. Up to 15% of children experience significant and persistent difficulties with oral and written language, representing approximately four children in a typical Australian classroom. These children are at substantially elevated risk of mental health problems, are overrepresented in our justice systems, and are more likely to develop suicidal thoughts and behaviours than children who do not experience language difficulties. \u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":" 36","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Else Marit Inderberg and Sébastien Wälchli from Oslo University Hospital explore what we need to know about T cells successfully fighting cancer. Cell-based immunotherapy uses the patient’s own immune cells to target and kill cancer cells in a specific manner. Lymphocytes called T cells are mainly used for this type of therapy, and to target them more efficiently against cancer cells, they are genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) or T cell receptors (TCR) that bind proteins or peptides presented on the surface of cancer cells. There are currently six CAR T cell therapies approved for the treatment of blood cancers. However, none of these cellular therapies are yet available outside clinical studies for solid cancers.
奥斯陆大学医院的 Else Marit Inderberg 和 Sébastien Wälchli 探讨了我们需要了解的有关 T 细胞成功抗癌的知识。细胞免疫疗法利用患者自身的免疫细胞，以特定的方式靶向杀死癌细胞。为了更有效地针对癌细胞，T细胞经过基因改造，表达嵌合抗原受体（CAR）或T细胞受体（TCR），与癌细胞表面的蛋白质或肽结合。目前有六种 CAR T 细胞疗法获准用于治疗血癌。不过，这些细胞疗法还没有用于实体瘤的临床研究。
{"title":"T cells successfully fighting cancer","authors":"E. Inderberg, S. Wälchli","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11536","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Else Marit Inderberg and Sébastien Wälchli from Oslo University Hospital explore what we need to know about T cells successfully fighting cancer. Cell-based immunotherapy uses the patient’s own immune cells to target and kill cancer cells in a specific manner. Lymphocytes called T cells are mainly used for this type of therapy, and to target them more efficiently against cancer cells, they are genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) or T cell receptors (TCR) that bind proteins or peptides presented on the surface of cancer cells. There are currently six CAR T cell therapies approved for the treatment of blood cancers. However, none of these cellular therapies are yet available outside clinical studies for solid cancers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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