Huffington Foundation Professor of Economics and Environmental Studies, Emeritus Gary Yohe argues that adopting an iterative risk management approach is the most effective way when responding to climate change uncertainties. The issue at hand is easily expressed: How might society effectively organize its thinking as it ponders how to respond to climate change impacts and their consequences in the face of enormous uncertainty? That is, what thought protocol would be best, not only because it would provide the ‘30,000-foot’ perspective to inform response decisions but also because it would inform researchers and implementers who work ‘in the weeds’ of project-specific details on how to fit their work into the broader national and global strategies for action.
{"title":"An organizing protocol for society’s approach at responding to climate change","authors":"Gary Yohe","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11554","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Huffington Foundation Professor of Economics and Environmental Studies, Emeritus Gary Yohe argues that adopting an iterative risk management approach is the most effective way when responding to climate change uncertainties. The issue at hand is easily expressed: How might society effectively organize its thinking as it ponders how to respond to climate change impacts and their consequences in the face of enormous uncertainty? That is, what thought protocol would be best, not only because it would provide the ‘30,000-foot’ perspective to inform response decisions but also because it would inform researchers and implementers who work ‘in the weeds’ of project-specific details on how to fit their work into the broader national and global strategies for action.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":" 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maciej Sibiński, Research Professor from Tallinn University of Technology, highlights the 5GSOLAR project, which is on track to commercialise solar cells. The development of the new Sb2(S,Se)3, (Sb,Bi)2Se3 solar cells is currently underway, but effective commercialisation is crucial for successful growth, and proper perspective and potential technology applications are vital for future advancement. Intense effort was recently put into the development of Sb2S3 and Sb2Se3 structures in the Tallinn University of Technology’s Laboratory for Thin Film Energy Materials group, bringing about significant progress in both technology and efficiency levels. By using low-temperature and low-energy-consumption closed-spaced sublimation and chemical spray pyrolysis methods, the manufacturing technology was elaborated to achieve an industrial level.
{"title":"5GSOLAR: On track for effective project commercialisation","authors":"Maciej Sibiński","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11382","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Maciej Sibiński, Research Professor from Tallinn University of Technology, highlights the 5GSOLAR project, which is on track to commercialise solar cells. The development of the new Sb2(S,Se)3, (Sb,Bi)2Se3 solar cells is currently underway, but effective commercialisation is crucial for successful growth, and proper perspective and potential technology applications are vital for future advancement. Intense effort was recently put into the development of Sb2S3 and Sb2Se3 structures in the Tallinn University of Technology’s Laboratory for Thin Film Energy Materials group, bringing about significant progress in both technology and efficiency levels. By using low-temperature and low-energy-consumption closed-spaced sublimation and chemical spray pyrolysis methods, the manufacturing technology was elaborated to achieve an industrial level.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":" 731","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Niall J. English, from Chemical Engineering at University College Dublin, discusses how using electric-field-generated nanobubbles for agriculture is empowering fundamental progress. A fundamental challenge in crop and tillage agriculture lies in providing adequate levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water supply whether via irrigation or spray-delivery methods for respective root-zone or stomatal delivery, with also CO2 in the latter case. This is limited by Henry’s Law, which governs thermodynamic gas solubility in liquids.
都柏林大学学院化学工程专业的 Niall J. English 讨论了如何利用电能产生的纳米气泡促进农业取得根本性进展。作物和耕作农业面临的一个基本挑战是在供水中提供充足的溶解氧 (DO)，无论是通过灌溉还是喷洒的方法，都是为了向根区或气孔输送溶解氧，后者还包括二氧化碳。这受到亨利定律的限制，该定律规定了热力学气体在液体中的溶解度。
{"title":"Electric-field nanobubbles for agriculture","authors":"Niall English","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11345","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Niall J. English, from Chemical Engineering at University College Dublin, discusses how using electric-field-generated nanobubbles for agriculture is empowering fundamental progress. A fundamental challenge in crop and tillage agriculture lies in providing adequate levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water supply whether via irrigation or spray-delivery methods for respective root-zone or stomatal delivery, with also CO2 in the latter case. This is limited by Henry’s Law, which governs thermodynamic gas solubility in liquids.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"117 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giorgio Pietramaggiori and Saja Scherer, MD, from the Global Medical Institute, describe a revolution in the treatment of migraines: minimally invasive surgery, a regenerative approach and Botox. Every year, approximately one billion people worldwide suffer from migraines, making it one of the most common and debilitating neurological disorders. It is estimated that up to 13% of the population is affected by this condition, impacting one in four households. The World Health Organization ranks migraine as the third leading cause of years lived with disability.
全球医学研究所（Global Medical Institute）的乔治-皮特拉马乔里（Giorgio Pietramaggiori）和萨亚-舍勒（Saja Scherer）医学博士描述了偏头痛治疗的一场革命：微创手术、再生方法和肉毒杆菌毒素。每年，全球约有 10 亿人受到偏头痛的困扰，偏头痛是最常见、最令人衰弱的神经系统疾病之一。据估计，多达 13% 的人口受到这种疾病的影响，每四个家庭中就有一个受到影响。世界卫生组织将偏头痛列为导致残疾年数的第三大原因。
{"title":"Treatment of migraines: Minimally invasive surgery, regenerative approach and botox","authors":"Giorgio Pietramaggiori, S. Scherer","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11406","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Giorgio Pietramaggiori and Saja Scherer, MD, from the Global Medical Institute, describe a revolution in the treatment of migraines: minimally invasive surgery, a regenerative approach and Botox. Every year, approximately one billion people worldwide suffer from migraines, making it one of the most common and debilitating neurological disorders. It is estimated that up to 13% of the population is affected by this condition, impacting one in four households. The World Health Organization ranks migraine as the third leading cause of years lived with disability.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"116 45","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Venous catheters enable patients with haematological cancers to receive vital chemotherapy. However, there is a risk of thrombosis. Consultant Haematologist Priya Sriskandarajah analysed a group of patients with haematological cancers to study the implications of catheter selection. Over the years, there have been major developments in cancer care, including novel chemotherapy regimens as well as stem cell transplantation. To support these advancements and enable efficient treatment administration, venous catheters (i.e. ‘lines’) are required. These are surgically inserted into a patient’s vein and allow direct delivery of these treatments into the bloodstream.
{"title":"Assessing blood clot risk in venous catheter selection for patients with haematological cancers","authors":"Priya Sriskandarajah","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11438","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Venous catheters enable patients with haematological cancers to receive vital chemotherapy. However, there is a risk of thrombosis. Consultant Haematologist Priya Sriskandarajah analysed a group of patients with haematological cancers to study the implications of catheter selection. Over the years, there have been major developments in cancer care, including novel chemotherapy regimens as well as stem cell transplantation. To support these advancements and enable efficient treatment administration, venous catheters (i.e. ‘lines’) are required. These are surgically inserted into a patient’s vein and allow direct delivery of these treatments into the bloodstream.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":" 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Siwei Lyu, SUNY Empire Innovation Professor from the University at Buffalo, State University of New York, delves into detection and beyond in the realm of DeepFakes, starting with a look at what they are. Since 2017, the term “DeepFake” has become widely known, often appearing in news and media. It combines “deep learning” (a type of artificial intelligence [AI] model) and “fake” to describe synthetic media – like text, audio, images, and videos – created with advanced AI technologies. The concept gained notoriety when a Reddit user began sharing AI-generated pornographic videos that superimposed celebrity faces onto other figures.
{"title":"Wrestling with the deepfakes: Detection and beyond","authors":"Siwei Lyu","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11545","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Siwei Lyu, SUNY Empire Innovation Professor from the University at Buffalo, State University of New York, delves into detection and beyond in the realm of DeepFakes, starting with a look at what they are. Since 2017, the term “DeepFake” has become widely known, often appearing in news and media. It combines “deep learning” (a type of artificial intelligence [AI] model) and “fake” to describe synthetic media – like text, audio, images, and videos – created with advanced AI technologies. The concept gained notoriety when a Reddit user began sharing AI-generated pornographic videos that superimposed celebrity faces onto other figures.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":" June","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Richard J. Santen, MD, Emeritus Professor of Medicine at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S., looks at how to recruit retired specialists to practice part-time via telemedicine. Patients living in rural, underserved areas in the United States (U.S.) lack access to specialists for care of complicated medical problems. Specialists generally practice in cities and choose not to live in rural areas based on several financial, geographical, and social reasons. A potential solution to this problem involves convincing retired specialists to go back into practice part-time and use telemedicine to fill the need in these rural, underserved areas.
美国弗吉尼亚州夏洛茨维尔弗吉尼亚大学医学名誉教授、医学博士理查德-J.-桑顿（Richard J. Santen）探讨了如何通过远程医疗招募退休专科医生兼职行医。生活在美国农村、医疗服务不足地区的病人无法得到专科医生的诊治，以解决复杂的医疗问题。专科医生一般在城市执业，出于经济、地理和社会等方面的原因，他们选择不住在农村地区。解决这一问题的潜在办法是说服退休的专科医生重新兼职行医，并利用远程医疗来满足这些服务不足的农村地区的需求。
{"title":"Recruiting retired specialists back into part-time practice via telemedicine","authors":"R. J. Santen","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-10840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-10840","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Richard J. Santen, MD, Emeritus Professor of Medicine at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S., looks at how to recruit retired specialists to practice part-time via telemedicine. Patients living in rural, underserved areas in the United States (U.S.) lack access to specialists for care of complicated medical problems. Specialists generally practice in cities and choose not to live in rural areas based on several financial, geographical, and social reasons. A potential solution to this problem involves convincing retired specialists to go back into practice part-time and use telemedicine to fill the need in these rural, underserved areas.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"109 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joseph Vinetz, Alyssa N Chetrick, Katie E Steimel, Carla E Devillers, J. Excler, Jerome H Kim, Suneth Agampodi
Leptospirosis is a globally important infectious disease, but neglected to the extent that it’s not on WHO’s or FDA’s neglected tropical diseases lists; this needs to change. Leptospirosis, caused by spirochetes of the bacterial genus Leptospira, poses a significant yet poorly recognized global public health threat. Incomprehensibly, this disease remains neglected by the global health agenda. Leptospirosis is estimated to cause more than a million cases and over 60,000 deaths annually, with case fatality rates of up to 20%. (1) Hence, leptospirosis is the most important zoonotic bacterial disease worldwide. It is common in tropical regions of low- and middle-income countries such as Brazil, India, China, Indonesia, Peru, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, and it affects high-income countries, too, including the United States and Europe.
{"title":"Getting leptospirosis onto the lists of neglected tropical diseases","authors":"Joseph Vinetz, Alyssa N Chetrick, Katie E Steimel, Carla E Devillers, J. Excler, Jerome H Kim, Suneth Agampodi","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11310","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Leptospirosis is a globally important infectious disease, but neglected to the extent that it’s not on WHO’s or FDA’s neglected tropical diseases lists; this needs to change. Leptospirosis, caused by spirochetes of the bacterial genus Leptospira, poses a significant yet poorly recognized global public health threat. Incomprehensibly, this disease remains neglected by the global health agenda. Leptospirosis is estimated to cause more than a million cases and over 60,000 deaths annually, with case fatality rates of up to 20%. (1) Hence, leptospirosis is the most important zoonotic bacterial disease worldwide. It is common in tropical regions of low- and middle-income countries such as Brazil, India, China, Indonesia, Peru, Sri Lanka, and Thailand, and it affects high-income countries, too, including the United States and Europe.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":" 1062","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Giacomo Sini, Silvia Quintela, Irene Rios, Ana Gomez
InnoProtein consortium, explain why sustainable protein production is urgently needed and how, with its circular, zero-waste approach, InnoProtein supports this goal. By 2050, population growth will play a major role in the state of the environmental, social and economic system. (1) Traditional protein products, with their vast amounts of animal derivates, are being presented as sustainably obsolete due to the high consumption of natural resources employed for their production. (2) Current protein production has a high environmental impact, and a general transition towards greener and sustainable consumption is required. Agriculture is responsible for 70-85% of the world’s water footprint and 30% of global GHG emissions. Meat production is the most impactful activity in food production.
{"title":"Pioneering solutions for sustainable protein production in future","authors":"Giacomo Sini, Silvia Quintela, Irene Rios, Ana Gomez","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11457","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 InnoProtein consortium, explain why sustainable protein production is urgently needed and how, with its circular, zero-waste approach, InnoProtein supports this goal. By 2050, population growth will play a major role in the state of the environmental, social and economic system. (1) Traditional protein products, with their vast amounts of animal derivates, are being presented as sustainably obsolete due to the high consumption of natural resources employed for their production. (2) Current protein production has a high environmental impact, and a general transition towards greener and sustainable consumption is required. Agriculture is responsible for 70-85% of the world’s water footprint and 30% of global GHG emissions. Meat production is the most impactful activity in food production.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":" 1158","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ashley V. Makela and Christopher H. Contag from the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, walk us through watching living therapeutics in action, including what imaging reveals about engineered endosymbionts. Advances in biomedical imaging have opened new windows through which we can watch dynamic biological processes in the context of intact organs and tissues of living subjects. As such, imaging has become integral to revealing fundamental insights and advancing applied scientific research.
定量健康科学与工程研究所的阿什利-马凯拉（Ashley V. Makela）和克里斯托弗-康塔格（Christopher H. Contag）将带领我们观察活体疗法的运作，包括成像技术对工程内生菌的揭示。生物医学成像技术的进步为我们打开了一扇新窗口，我们可以通过它观察活体完整器官和组织的动态生物过程。因此，成像技术已成为揭示基本观点和推动应用科学研究不可或缺的一部分。
{"title":"What imaging reveals about engineered endosymbionts","authors":"Ashley V. Makela, Christopher H Contag","doi":"10.56367/oag-043-11346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56367/oag-043-11346","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Ashley V. Makela and Christopher H. Contag from the Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, walk us through watching living therapeutics in action, including what imaging reveals about engineered endosymbionts. Advances in biomedical imaging have opened new windows through which we can watch dynamic biological processes in the context of intact organs and tissues of living subjects. As such, imaging has become integral to revealing fundamental insights and advancing applied scientific research.\u0000","PeriodicalId":475859,"journal":{"name":"Open Access Government","volume":"105 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141667173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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