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A school intervention promotes compassion, empathy and social relationships in children 学校干预促进儿童的同情心、同理心和社会关系
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221145668
Marcela Kappelmayer, Andrea Czar, Maria Tresca, P. D'adamo, M. Lozada
There is increasing evidence to show that compassion and altruism are highly beneficial when cultivated from an early age. In the present study we explore the benefits of an intervention programme that seeks to develop affective empathy, compassion and altruism in 9-year-old children from a school of Buenos Aires, Argentina. A pretest-posttest controlled study was carried out with 48 children, half of whom carried out the intervention. The remaining children, who constituted the waitlist group, participated in academic tutoring activities conducted by the same research team. The intervention was successful in promoting children's altruistic and compassionate attitudes, evidenced by the results obtained in the universal altruism test, social integration, and affective response. Effect sizes ranged from medium to large in the intervention group. These positive findings were not observed in the waitlist group (non-significant effect sizes). This study shows that children's self-awareness and awareness of others tend to foster compassion and affective empathy, contributing to individual and collective well-being.
越来越多的证据表明,从小培养同情心和利他主义是非常有益的。在本研究中,我们探讨了干预计划的好处,该计划旨在培养阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯一所学校9岁儿童的情感同理心、同情心和利他主义。对48名儿童进行了前测后测对照研究,其中一半儿童进行了干预。其余的孩子组成了候补组,参加了同一研究小组进行的学术辅导活动。该干预措施成功地促进了儿童的利他主义和同情态度,普遍利他主义测试、社会融合和情感反应的结果证明了这一点。干预组的效果大小从中等到大不等。在等待名单组中没有观察到这些阳性结果(无显著影响大小)。这项研究表明,儿童的自我意识和对他人的认识倾向于培养同情心和情感同理心,有助于个人和集体的幸福感。
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引用次数: 1
Contextual predictors of internalizing and externalizing problems among adolescents from high-achieving private schools in Hong Kong 香港优秀私立学校青少年内化和外化问题的情境预测因素
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-12-18 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221133499
Jacqueline L. Tilley, J. M. Farver
Emerging research suggests that adolescents at high-achieving schools (HAS) in Western societies are at elevated risk for problem behaviours. This cross-sectional study explored whether adolescents attending HAS in a non-Western setting show similar risk patterns and if contextual (school-, family-, and peer-based) factors typically associated with the excessive pressures to achieve predict these problems. Participants were 237 adolescents (14–18 years old), and one of their parents, who were recruited from high-achieving private schools in Hong Kong. The parent-child dyads completed questionnaires on youth internalizing and externalizing problems and perceived stressors. Multiple linear regressions were conducted to test whether academic demands, parent-related stressors, and social status among peers were associated with youth problem behaviours, after controlling for age and gender. The study found that nearly half of the female adolescents and over a third of the males met borderline-clinical levels (≥ 86%ile) of internalizing problems; moreover, more females than males met clinical criteria (≥ 98%ile) for self-reported externalizing problems and parent-reported internalizing problems. Academic demands, parent-related stressors, and social status among peers predicted youth-reported internalizing problems; and the latter two factors contributed parent-reported internalizing problems. However, only parent-related stressors significantly predicted youth- and parent-reported externalizing problems. The findings provide preliminary indication that HAS adolescents from Hong Kong may be an “at risk” group, highlighting the need for increased awareness and targeted interventions.
新出现的研究表明,在西方社会,成绩优异的学校(HAS)的青少年出现问题行为的风险更高。这项横断面研究探讨了在非西方环境中参加HAS的青少年是否表现出类似的风险模式,以及是否存在通常与实现这些问题的过度压力相关的背景因素(学校、家庭和同龄人)。参与者包括237名青少年(14-18岁)和他们的一名父母,他们是从香港成绩优异的私立学校招募的。亲子二人组完成了关于青少年内化和外化问题以及感知压力源的问卷调查。在控制了年龄和性别后,进行了多元线性回归,以测试同龄人的学业需求、父母相关压力源和社会地位是否与青年问题行为有关。研究发现,近一半的女性青少年和超过三分之一的男性青少年的内化问题达到了临床临界水平(≥86%ile);此外,在自我报告的外化问题和父母报告的内化问题方面,符合临床标准(≥98%的ile)的女性多于男性。学业需求、父母相关的压力源和同龄人的社会地位预测了年轻人报告的内化问题;后两个因素导致了父母报告的内化问题。然而,只有父母相关的压力源能显著预测青少年和父母报告的外化问题。研究结果初步表明,来自香港的HAS青少年可能是一个“高危”群体,强调需要提高认识并采取有针对性的干预措施。
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引用次数: 0
Teacher perceptions of working memory and executive function improvements following school-day cognitive training 教师认知训练后工作记忆及执行功能的改善
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-11-20 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221122454
L. Looney, Eugene H. Wong, Kevin P. Rosales, Florissell Rosales, Gisselle Tirado
Considerable research has documented the impact of teacher perceptions on students’ academic-related outcomes (e.g., classroom performance). This body of literature clearly shows that teacher perceptions (resulting from direct interactions with students) can have both positive and negative effects with respect to student behaviors and experiences in the classroom. What remains unclear is whether teachers perceive changes that result from interventions administered outside of their classrooms. The purpose of this study was to examine changes in teacher perceptions of working memory and executive function concerns (two important predictors of academic success) among students who participated in a computerized cognitive training program designed to enhance working memory skills. The current results indicate that teachers perceived fewer concerns following students’ participation in the training; this outcome was supplemented with significant improvements in the students’ working memory capabilities following the training program. These findings have important implications given the literature highlighting the relation between teacher perceptions and student outcomes as a function of a school-based computerized cognitive training intervention.
大量研究记录了教师认知对学生学业相关结果(如课堂表现)的影响。这些文献清楚地表明,教师的感知(由与学生的直接互动产生)对学生在课堂上的行为和经历既有积极影响,也有消极影响。目前尚不清楚的是,教师是否意识到课堂外干预措施所带来的变化。本研究的目的是调查参加旨在提高工作记忆技能的计算机认知训练计划的学生中,教师对工作记忆和执行功能问题(学业成功的两个重要预测因素)的感知变化。目前的结果表明,教师对学生参与培训的担忧较少;这一结果得到了补充,在训练项目之后,学生的工作记忆能力显著提高。这些发现具有重要意义,因为文献强调了教师感知和学生成绩之间的关系,这是基于学校的计算机化认知训练干预的一个功能。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the imparity of immigrant children enrolled in special education classes in Japan: Roots and recommendations 日本特殊教育班中移民儿童入学的不平等:根源与建议
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-11-07 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221135179
M. Freiermuth, Angela Karsten Tsunoda, Diego Oliveira, E. Muramoto, L. Nagatani, Yukiko Nakajima
This study discusses the disparity in numbers between Japanese children and their Brazilian immigrant peers concerning placement in Japanese special education classes. In-depth interviews were conducted with 21 stakeholders including Japanese nationals and Brazilian immigrants to see if there were any ways to explain the larger numbers of immigrant children assigned to such classes. Five main factors affecting the stakeholders emerged: Linguistic and Cultural Related Misunderstandings of Information, Limitations Concerning Counseling and Educational Planning, Requests for Improving the Support System for Non-Japanese Students, Importance of a Second Opinion, and Cultural and Linguistic Effects when Evaluating Non-Japanese Students. The study provides policy recommendations aimed at improving the support system for immigrant communities who face a variety of stresses living in an unfamiliar culture.
本研究探讨日本儿童与巴西移民儿童在日本特殊教育班级的分配上的差异。我们对21名利益相关者进行了深入访谈,其中包括日本国民和巴西移民,以了解是否有任何方法可以解释分配到这些班级的移民儿童人数较多。影响利益相关者的五个主要因素是:与语言和文化相关的信息误解、咨询和教育计划的局限性、对改善非日本学生支持系统的要求、第二意见的重要性以及评估非日本学生时的文化和语言影响。该研究提供了政策建议,旨在改善移民社区的支持系统,这些移民社区在不熟悉的文化中面临各种压力。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Revisiting Albert Sidney Beckham 简介:重温阿尔伯特·西德尼·贝克汉姆
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221130480
Scott L. Graves
reconceptualizing school safety Black students.
重新定义学校安全黑人学生
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引用次数: 0
A note from the Co-Editors of School Psychology International 来自《国际学校心理学》联合编辑的注释
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221130494
Sally L. Grapin, Amity Noltemeyer
As a whole, the field of school psychology has become increasingly attuned to its historical and contemporary role in perpetuating systemic racism, particularly anti-Black racism in the United States. Scholars have pointed to evidence of racism across all areas of school psychologists’ professional work, including their research (e.g., Grant et al., 2022), practice (e.g., Albritton et al., 2021), and training (e.g., Proctor & Truscott, 2012). One critical yet often overlooked way in which school psychologists have perpetuated racism is through the recounting of their field’s history. In particular, the centering of whiteness has resulted in the marginalization of ideas and innovations of psychologists of color, who have been instrumental in advocating for a more inclusive field since its inception. As Co-Editors of School Psychology International (SPI), we are grateful for the opportunity to publish this special issue titled, “Revisiting Albert Sidney Beckham: Contemporary Applications for Research and Practice.” In recent editorials (Noltemeyer & Grapin, 2021, 2022), we identified several interrelated goals reflecting the journal’s larger commitment to advancing social justice and equity in school psychology. One of these goals involved inviting contemporary reflections and commentaries on a classic article around social justice from SPI’s previous scholarship. In light of the significant injustices impacting Black school psychologists and Black youth, we invited Dr. Scott Graves, Associate Professor of School Psychology at the
作为一个整体,学校心理学领域已经越来越适应于它在延续系统性种族主义,特别是美国的反黑人种族主义方面的历史和当代角色。学者们指出,种族主义存在于学校心理学家专业工作的所有领域,包括他们的研究(例如,Grant等人,2022)、实践(例如,Albritton等人,2021)和培训(例如,Proctor & Truscott, 2012)。学校心理学家让种族主义永久化的一种关键但经常被忽视的方式是,通过叙述他们领域的历史。特别是,白人的中心导致有色人种心理学家的思想和创新被边缘化,他们从一开始就在倡导一个更具包容性的领域中发挥了重要作用。作为学校心理学国际(SPI)的共同编辑,我们很高兴有机会出版这一期特刊,题为“重新审视阿尔伯特·西德尼·贝克汉姆:研究和实践的当代应用”。在最近的社论中(Noltemeyer & Grapin, 2021年,2022年),我们确定了几个相互关联的目标,反映了该期刊对促进学校心理学的社会正义和公平的更大承诺。其中一个目标涉及邀请当代的反思和评论的经典文章围绕社会正义从SPI以前的奖学金。鉴于影响黑人学校心理学家和黑人青年的重大不公正,我们邀请了斯科特·格雷夫斯博士,学校心理学副教授
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引用次数: 0
Collaboration between teachers and educational-psychological service counsellors 教师与教育心理服务咨询师的合作
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221127435
Maryann Jortveit
This qualitative study examines cross-professional collaboration between Educational-Psychological Service (EPS) counsellors and school teachers who have pupils with special needs in their class. Research shows that EPS counsellors spend much time writing assessment reports, that they do not have much presence in school and that there is a power imbalance between the collaborating parties. The collaboration may be experienced as imbalanced because the teacher is dependent on the EPS counsellors’ expertise and assessment reports for special teaching resources to be made available for pupils. Six teachers have been interviewed about their collaboration with EPS staff. The thematically analysed findings show that the teachers generally have good collaboration with the counsellors and trust them. However, they feel vulnerable because their teaching is being assessed, and they depend on the EPS report’s recommendations for resources. The informants feel that the typical signs of an equal collaboration relationship are when the partners have a good dialogue and mutual trust. A role clarification between the collaboration parties is needed, where there is trust, acknowledgement and mutual respect. This will in turn inspire a collaboration that leads to changes in the teaching situation and to special teaching measures for the pupils with special needs.
本质性研究考察了教育心理服务(EPS)辅导员与班级中有特殊需要学生的学校教师之间的跨专业合作。研究表明,EPS辅导员花费大量时间撰写评估报告,他们在学校的存在感不高,合作各方之间存在权力不平衡。这种合作可能是不平衡的,因为教师需要依靠辅导老师的专业知识和评估报告来为学生提供特殊的教学资源。六名教师就他们与EPS员工的合作接受了采访。主题分析结果表明,教师普遍与辅导员有良好的合作关系,并信任辅导员。然而,他们感到很脆弱,因为他们的教学正在接受评估,他们依赖于EPS报告对资源的建议。被调查者认为,一个平等的合作关系的典型标志是当合作伙伴有良好的对话和相互信任。在有信任、承认和相互尊重的情况下,合作各方之间需要明确角色。这反过来又会激发合作,从而改变教学状况,并为有特殊需要的学生采取特殊教学措施。
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引用次数: 0
Social-emotional classroom climate and academic achievement for Chinese elementary students: The roles of convergent and divergent thinking 社会情感课堂氛围与中国小学生学业成就:趋同思维与发散思维的作用
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-09-26 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221128825
Li Cheng, Xiaowei Zhang, Ju-Chien Lin, Yan Dong, Jiatong Zhang, Zhuo Tong
This study aims to explore the effects of the social-emotional classroom climate on academic achievement in mathematics and literature for elementary students in grades 3 through 6. The research specifically focuses on the indirect role of creative thinking (convergent and divergent thinking). Structural equation modeling techniques were used to examine data collected from 1365 Chinese elementary students. The results indicate that in mathematics and literature classrooms, (1) the social-emotional climate had a positive effect on school achievement, and (2) divergent and convergent thinking play indirect roles between social-emotional climate and academic achievement. The findings suggest that elementary students’ positive perception of social-emotional classroom climate, including the perceptions of teacher support and student cohesiveness, can promote divergent and convergent thinking and ultimately contribute to the output of academic achievement in mathematics and literature.
本研究旨在探讨社会情感课堂氛围对小学三至六年级学生数学和文学学业成绩的影响。本研究特别关注创造性思维(聚合思维和发散思维)的间接作用。采用结构方程建模技术对1365名中国小学生的数据进行了检验。研究结果表明,在数学和文学课堂上,(1)社会情绪氛围对学业成绩有正向影响,(2)发散性和收敛性思维在社会情绪氛围与学业成绩之间起着间接作用。研究结果表明,小学生对社会情感课堂氛围的积极感知,包括对教师支持和学生凝聚力的感知,可以促进发散和趋同思维,并最终有助于数学和文学学业成绩的产出。
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引用次数: 0
Can school climate or peer preference moderate the adjustment difficulties associated with peer victimization among Chinese middle school students? 学校氛围或同伴偏好是否能调节中学生同伴受害相关的适应困难?
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221108345
Cixin Wang, Jocelyn Yao, Ami Patel, Beilei Li
Most research on peer victimization has focused on Western samples, but in recent years peer victimization in China has become more prevalent. As a result, limited information is available on how peer victimization, school climate, peer preference, and adjustment difficulties impact Chinese middle school students. This cross-sectional study explored these relations. With a sample of 734 7th and 8th-grade students (54.1% male, 45.8% female) from two middle schools in Beijing, China, findings revealed that peer victimization and peer preference predicted adjustment difficulties; however, school climate did not. Although peer preference was not a significant moderator of the association between peer victimization and adjustment difficulties, school climate significantly moderated the relation between relational peer victimization and adjustment difficulties. Limitations, future directions, and implications are further discussed.
大多数关于同伴伤害的研究都集中在西方的样本上,但近年来,同伴伤害在中国变得更加普遍。因此,关于同伴受害、学校氛围、同伴偏好和适应困难如何影响中国中学生的信息有限。这项横断面研究探讨了这些关系。以北京市两所中学734名七、八年级学生(男生占54.1%,女生占45.8%)为样本,发现同伴受害和同伴偏好可预测适应困难;然而,学校的气氛却没有。虽然同伴偏好对同伴受害与适应困难之间的关系没有显著调节作用,但学校氛围对关系同伴受害与适应困难之间的关系有显著调节作用。进一步讨论了局限性、未来发展方向和影响。
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引用次数: 0
Centering the contributions, perspectives, and experiences of Black school psychologists: Commentary on Proctor (2022) 以黑人学校心理学家的贡献、观点和经历为中心:普罗克特评论(2022)
IF 2.3 3区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EDUCATIONAL Pub Date : 2022-09-23 DOI: 10.1177/01430343221111049
Sally L. Grapin
This commentary offers a reflection on Proctor's (2022) contribution to the special issue. In particular, it focuses on three primary threads: (a) centering Black voices in school psychology's history; b) applying an anti-racist lens to recruitment and retention research and practices; and c) recognizing the role of historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) in advancing school psychology. Future directions for school psychology research and practice are discussed.
这篇评论反映了普罗克特(2022)对特刊的贡献。特别是,它关注三个主要线索:(a)在学校心理学史上以黑人的声音为中心;b) 将反种族主义视角应用于招聘和留用研究和实践;以及c)认识到历史上黑人学院和大学在促进学校心理学方面的作用。讨论了学校心理学研究和实践的未来方向。
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引用次数: 2
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School Psychology International
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