The oil refining industry is an industry with high requirements for process control. Nowadays, an important problem is the creation of the concept of control systems for oil companies and enterprises. Oil is one of the Earth's most important resources. Its extraction and processing have become relevant for mankind. However, in the modern environment, the tasks of extracting oil with the latest equipment, as well as the use of cleaning and processing with minimal losses, have become important. This paper discusses intelligent control systems and their use in the oil refining industry. The purpose of the abstract is to create a structure that will be useful in the respective enterprises. But in order to achieve the goal of the work, it will be necessary to take into account such common problems as the instability of demand; restrictions imposed by the state and many others. That is why the features of each enterprise, which may bring various risks in the future, are considered at the design stage. Also, (it is necessary to indicate that,) the implementation of intelligent control systems in various industries is a time-consuming process. In these situations, the heads of enterprises need to take into account the human factor and help their employees adapt to new systems in every possible way. Among these methods, there are incentives with awards, the introduction of a team to train how to work with intelligent systems, and others. To delve into this topic, it is initially necessary to consider intelligent control systems separately from the oil refining industry. Keywords: automated control systems, deposits, oil refineries, quality of intelligent systems.
{"title":"INTELLIGENT CONTROL SYSTEMS IN OIL REFINING PROCESS","authors":"Nigar Abdullayeva, Momunat Shirinova Nigar Abdullayeva, Momunat Shirinova, Kamala Aliyeva Kamala Aliyeva","doi":"10.36962/piretc27062023-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/piretc27062023-80","url":null,"abstract":"The oil refining industry is an industry with high requirements for process control. Nowadays, an important problem is the creation of the concept of control systems for oil companies and enterprises. Oil is one of the Earth's most important resources. Its extraction and processing have become relevant for mankind. However, in the modern environment, the tasks of extracting oil with the latest equipment, as well as the use of cleaning and processing with minimal losses, have become important. This paper discusses intelligent control systems and their use in the oil refining industry. The purpose of the abstract is to create a structure that will be useful in the respective enterprises. But in order to achieve the goal of the work, it will be necessary to take into account such common problems as the instability of demand; restrictions imposed by the state and many others. That is why the features of each enterprise, which may bring various risks in the future, are considered at the design stage. Also, (it is necessary to indicate that,) the implementation of intelligent control systems in various industries is a time-consuming process. In these situations, the heads of enterprises need to take into account the human factor and help their employees adapt to new systems in every possible way. Among these methods, there are incentives with awards, the introduction of a team to train how to work with intelligent systems, and others. To delve into this topic, it is initially necessary to consider intelligent control systems separately from the oil refining industry. Keywords: automated control systems, deposits, oil refineries, quality of intelligent systems.","PeriodicalId":477255,"journal":{"name":"Piretc","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134930686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many diseases and injuries of the hand require rehabilitation to restore function. However, the high human, financial, spatial, and temporal costs associated with rehabilitation often mean that the population in need does not have access to optimal rehabilitative care. Therefore, devices that complement the therapist are a possible solution, as they make rehabilitation more independent and frequent, and save healthcare facilities the aforementioned resources. Nevertheless, these devices are not widely distributed in the market, mainly due to their poor accessibility. The newly designed exoskeleton has four motors and a redundant transmission system that allows independent flexion and extension of each finger, except the thumb. Kinematics were analyzed with motion studies and loads were evaluated with static studies and structural analysis using motion loads. In the simulations, both flexion and extension were achieved in four seconds. A prototype transmission system was built and its kinematics matched that of the simulation and corresponded to the biomechanics of the fingers. At maximum flexion, the exoskeleton would be able to hold small objects and exert a normal force of up to 20 N with structural integrity. Keywords: Engineering design, exoskeleton, hand rehabilitation, hand functionalization.
{"title":"HAND EXOSKELETON FOR REHABILITATION AND FUNCTIONALIZATION","authors":"Tiago Leite, Eurico Seabra Tiago Leite, Eurico Seabra","doi":"10.36962/piretc27062023-214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/piretc27062023-214","url":null,"abstract":"Many diseases and injuries of the hand require rehabilitation to restore function. However, the high human, financial, spatial, and temporal costs associated with rehabilitation often mean that the population in need does not have access to optimal rehabilitative care. Therefore, devices that complement the therapist are a possible solution, as they make rehabilitation more independent and frequent, and save healthcare facilities the aforementioned resources. Nevertheless, these devices are not widely distributed in the market, mainly due to their poor accessibility. The newly designed exoskeleton has four motors and a redundant transmission system that allows independent flexion and extension of each finger, except the thumb. Kinematics were analyzed with motion studies and loads were evaluated with static studies and structural analysis using motion loads. In the simulations, both flexion and extension were achieved in four seconds. A prototype transmission system was built and its kinematics matched that of the simulation and corresponded to the biomechanics of the fingers. At maximum flexion, the exoskeleton would be able to hold small objects and exert a normal force of up to 20 N with structural integrity. Keywords: Engineering design, exoskeleton, hand rehabilitation, hand functionalization.","PeriodicalId":477255,"journal":{"name":"Piretc","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134930470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-19DOI: 10.36962/piretc23022023-52
Javida Damirova Javida Damirova
In the paper stability losses of the packer with a girdle construction have been investigated by taking into account compactness mechanism. Expanding and constricting cases of conical surface of the packer with a girdle construction have been studied, stability problem of the packer has been solved via numerical estimation by using finite differences method. With this purpose, continuity condition of the deformation has been written for packer construction (cylindrical and conical surface of the packer) and added to stability losses condition. In the first approach the solution has been carried out in boundary and junction nodes of the packer (where cylindrical and conical surfaces combine), however, in the second approach by finite differences method. During packing process stability losses limit has been studied for the first time for a girdle construction. Keywords: packing, well packing, cylindrical-conical construction packing, mode of deformation, critical pressure in packing.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF STABILITY LOSSES OF THE PACKER WITH A GIRDLE-CYLINDRICAL-CONICAL CONSTRUCTION","authors":"Javida Damirova Javida Damirova","doi":"10.36962/piretc23022023-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36962/piretc23022023-52","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper stability losses of the packer with a girdle construction have been investigated by taking into account compactness mechanism. Expanding and constricting cases of conical surface of the packer with a girdle construction have been studied, stability problem of the packer has been solved via numerical estimation by using finite differences method. With this purpose, continuity condition of the deformation has been written for packer construction (cylindrical and conical surface of the packer) and added to stability losses condition. In the first approach the solution has been carried out in boundary and junction nodes of the packer (where cylindrical and conical surfaces combine), however, in the second approach by finite differences method. During packing process stability losses limit has been studied for the first time for a girdle construction. Keywords: packing, well packing, cylindrical-conical construction packing, mode of deformation, critical pressure in packing.","PeriodicalId":477255,"journal":{"name":"Piretc","volume":"166 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135808063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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